1
|
Khalid U, Uchikov P, Hristov B, Kraev K, Koleva-Ivanova M, Kraeva M, Batashki A, Taneva D, Doykov M, Uchikov A. Surgical Innovations in Tracheal Reconstruction: A Review on Synthetic Material Fabrication. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 60:40. [PMID: 38256300 PMCID: PMC10820818 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this review is to explore the recent surgical innovations in tracheal reconstruction by evaluating the uses of synthetic material fabrication when dealing with tracheomalacia or stenotic pathologies, then discussing the challenges holding back these innovations. Materials and Methods: A targeted non-systematic review of published literature relating to tracheal reconstruction was performed within the PubMed database to help identify how synthetic materials are utilised to innovate tracheal reconstruction. Results: The advancements in 3D printing to aid synthetic material fabrication have unveiled promising alternatives to conventional approaches. Achieving successful tracheal reconstruction through this technology demands that the 3D models exhibit biocompatibility with neighbouring tracheal elements by encompassing vasculature, chondral foundation, and immunocompatibility. Tracheal reconstruction has employed grafts and scaffolds, showing a promising beginning in vivo. Concurrently, the integration of resorbable models and stem cell therapy serves to underscore their viability and application in the context of tracheal pathologies. Despite this, certain barriers hinder its advancement in surgery. The intricate tracheal structure has posed a challenge for researchers seeking novel approaches to support its growth and regeneration. Conclusions: The potential of synthetic material fabrication has shown promising outcomes in initial studies involving smaller animals. Yet, to fully realise the applicability of these innovative developments, research must progress toward clinical trials. These trials would ascertain the anatomical and physiological effects on the human body, enabling a thorough evaluation of post-operative outcomes and any potential complications linked to the materials or cells implanted in the trachea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usman Khalid
- Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Petar Uchikov
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Bozhidar Hristov
- Section "Gastroenterology", Second Department of Internal Diseases, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Kraev
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Koleva-Ivanova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Kraeva
- Department of Otorhynolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Atanas Batashki
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Taneva
- Department of Nursing Care, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Mladen Doykov
- Department of Urology and General Medicine, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Angel Uchikov
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sörgel CA, Cai A, Schmid R, Horch RE. Perspectives on the Current State of Bioprinted Skin Substitutes for Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2678. [PMID: 37893053 PMCID: PMC10604151 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is particularly vulnerable to external damaging influences such as irradiation, extreme temperatures, chemical trauma, and certain systemic diseases, which reduce the skin's capacity for regeneration and restoration and can possibly lead to large-scale skin defects. To restore skin continuity in severe cases, surgical interventions such as the transplantation of autologous tissue are needed. Nevertheless, the coverage of larger skin defects caused by severe third-grade burns or extensive irradiation therapy is limited due to the depletion of uninjured autologous tissue. In such cases, many of the patient's epidermal cells can become available using biofabricated skin grafts, thereby restoring the skin's vital functions. Given the limited availability of autologous skin grafts for restoring integrity in large-scale defects, using bioprinted constructs as skin graft substitutes could offer an encouraging therapeutic alternative to conventional therapies for large-scale wounds, such as the transplantation of autologous tissue. Using layer-by-layer aggregation or volumetric bioprinting, inkjet bioprinting, laser-assisted bioprinting, or extrusion-based bioprinting, skin cells are deposited in a desired pattern. The resulting constructs may be used as skin graft substitutes to accelerate wound healing and reconstitute the physiological functions of the skin. In this review, we aimed to elucidate the current state of bioprinting within the context of skin tissue engineering and introduce and discuss different bioprinting techniques, possible approaches and materials, commonly used cell types, and strategies for graft vascularization for the production of bioprinted constructs for use as skin graft substitutes.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hydrogel-Based Tissue-Mimics for Vascular Regeneration and Tumor Angiogenesis. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
|
4
|
Xu J, Shen J, Sun Y, Wu T, Sun Y, Chai Y, Kang Q, Rui B, Li G. In vivo prevascularization strategy enhances neovascularization of β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds in bone regeneration. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:143-151. [PMID: 36313532 PMCID: PMC9582585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neovascularization is critical for bone regeneration. Numerous studies have explored prevascularization preimplant strategies, ranging from calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds to co-culturing CPCs with stem cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate an alternative in vivo prevascularization approach, using preimplant-prepared macroporous beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds and subsequent transplantation in bone defect model. Methods The morphology of β-TCPs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. After 3 weeks of prevascularization within a muscle pouch at the lateral size of rat tibia, we transplanted prevascularized macroporous β-TCPs in segmental tibia defects, using blank β-TCPs as a control. Extent of neovascularization was determined by angiography and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluations. Tibia samples were collected at different time points for biomechanical, radiological, and histological analyses. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to evaluate angio- and osteo-specific markers. Results With macroporous β-TCPs, we documented more vascular and supporting tissue invasion in the macroporous β-TCPs with prior in vivo prevascularization. Radiography, biomechanical, IHC, and histological analyses revealed considerably more vascularity and bone consolidation in β-TCP scaffolds that had undergone the prevascularization step compared to the blank β-TCP scaffolds. Moreover, the prevascularization treatment remarkably upregulated mRNA and protein expression of BMP2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during bone regeneration. Conclusion This novel in vivo prevascularization strategy successfully accelerated vascular formation to bone regeneration. Our findings indicate that prevascularized tissue-engineered bone grafts have promising potential in clinical applications. The translational potential of this article This study indicates a novel in vivo prevascularization strategy for growing vasculature on β-TCP scaffolds to be used for repair of large segmental bone defects, might serve as a promising tissue-engineered bone grafts in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Junjie Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - YunChu Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Tianyi Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bao-An District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yimin Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qinglin Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Biyu Rui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salg GA, Blaeser A, Gerhardus JS, Hackert T, Kenngott HG. Vascularization in Bioartificial Parenchymal Tissue: Bioink and Bioprinting Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158589. [PMID: 35955720 PMCID: PMC9369172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among advanced therapy medicinal products, tissue-engineered products have the potential to address the current critical shortage of donor organs and provide future alternative options in organ replacement therapy. The clinically available tissue-engineered products comprise bradytrophic tissue such as skin, cornea, and cartilage. A sufficient macro- and microvascular network to support the viability and function of effector cells has been identified as one of the main challenges in developing bioartificial parenchymal tissue. Three-dimensional bioprinting is an emerging technology that might overcome this challenge by precise spatial bioink deposition for the generation of a predefined architecture. Bioinks are printing substrates that may contain cells, matrix compounds, and signaling molecules within support materials such as hydrogels. Bioinks can provide cues to promote vascularization, including proangiogenic signaling molecules and cocultured cells. Both of these strategies are reported to enhance vascularization. We review pre-, intra-, and postprinting strategies such as bioink composition, bioprinting platforms, and material deposition strategies for building vascularized tissue. In addition, bioconvergence approaches such as computer simulation and artificial intelligence can support current experimental designs. Imaging-derived vascular trees can serve as blueprints. While acknowledging that a lack of structured evidence inhibits further meta-analysis, this review discusses an end-to-end process for the fabrication of vascularized, parenchymal tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Alexander Salg
- Department of General-, Visceral-, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Correspondence: (G.A.S.); (H.G.K.); Tel.: +49-6221-56310306 (G.A.S.); +49-6221-5636611 (H.G.K.)
| | - Andreas Blaeser
- Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Technical University Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (A.B.); (J.S.G.)
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jamina Sofie Gerhardus
- Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Technical University Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (A.B.); (J.S.G.)
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General-, Visceral-, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Hannes Goetz Kenngott
- Department of General-, Visceral-, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Correspondence: (G.A.S.); (H.G.K.); Tel.: +49-6221-56310306 (G.A.S.); +49-6221-5636611 (H.G.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Z, Cai D, Shi R, Ding W, Xu Y, Tan H. In vitro dynamic perfusion of prevascularized OECs-DBMs (outgrowth endothelial progenitor cell - demineralized bone matrix) complex fused to recipient vessels in an internal inosculation manner. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14270-14281. [PMID: 35734812 PMCID: PMC9342144 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2085560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research on seed cells and scaffold materials of bone tissue engineering has achieved milestones. Nevertheless, necrosis of seed cells in center of bone scaffold is a bottleneck in tissue engineering. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the in vivo inosculation mechanism of recipient microvasculature and prevascularized outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (OECs)-demineralized bone matrix (DBM) complex. A dorsal skinfold window-chamber model with tail vein injection of Texas red-dextran was established to confirm the optimal observation time of microvessels. OECs-DBM complex under static and dynamic perfusion culture was implanted into the model to analyze vascularization. OECs-DBM complex was harvested on 12th day for HE staining and fluorescent imaging. The model was successfully constructed, and the most appropriate time to observe microvessels was 15 min after injection. The ingrowth of recipient microvessels arcoss the border of OECs-DBM complex increased with time in both groups, and more microvessels across the border were observed in dynamic perfusion group on 3rd, 5th, 7th day. Fluorescent integrated density of border in dynamic perfusion group was higher at all-time points, and the difference was more significant in central area. Fluorescent imaging of OECs-DBM complex exhibited that no enhanced green fluorescent protein-positive cells were found beyond the verge of DBM scaffold in both groups. In vitro prevascularization by dynamic perfusion culture can increase and accelerate the blood perfusion of OECs-DBM complex obtained from recipient microvasculature by internal inosculation. Accordingly, this approach may markedly contribute to the future success of tissue engineering applications in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Chen
- Graduate School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dixin Cai
- Graduate School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rongmao Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongqing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongbo Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hosseini M, Brown J, Shafiee A. Strategies to Induce Blood Vessel Ingrowth into Skin Grafts and Tissue-Engineered Substitutes. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:113-126. [PMID: 35172639 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is a multilayer organ consisting of several tissues and appendages residing in a complex niche. Adequate and physiologically regulated vascularization is an absolute requirement for skin homeostasis, regeneration, and wound healing. The lack of vascular networks and ischemia results in delayed wound closure. In addition, vascularization is critical for the prolonged function and survival of skin grafts and tissue-engineered skin substitutes. This study highlights the clinical challenges associated with the limited vascularization in the cutaneous wounds. Then, we highlight the novel approaches for the development of vascular networks in the skin autografts, allografts, and artificial substitutes. Also, the future directions to overcome the existing vascularization complications in skin grafting and synthetic skin substitutes are presented. Statement of Significance Delayed closure of large dermal wounds, such as burn injuries, results from the lack of vascular networks and ischemia. The amount of blood supply in the skin graft is the primary factor determining the quality of the transplanted grafts. The current skin grafts and their fabrication methods lack the appropriate features that contribute to the vascularization and integration of the wound bed and graft and adherence to the skin layers. Therefore, the new generation of skin grafts should consider advanced technologies to induce vascularization and overcome current challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jason Brown
- Herston Biofabrication Institute and Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Herston Biofabrication Institute and Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,UQ Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shokrani H, Shokrani A, Sajadi SM, Seidi F, Mashhadzadeh AH, Rabiee N, Saeb MR, Aminabhavi T, Webster TJ. Cell-Seeded Biomaterial Scaffolds: The Urgent Need for Unanswered Accelerated Angiogenesis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1035-1068. [PMID: 35309965 PMCID: PMC8927652 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s353062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most arduous challenges in tissue engineering is neovascularization, without which there is a lack of nutrients delivered to a target tissue. Angiogenesis should be completed at an optimal density and within an appropriate period of time to prevent cell necrosis. Failure to meet this challenge brings about poor functionality for the tissue in comparison with the native tissue, extensively reducing cell viability. Prior studies devoted to angiogenesis have provided researchers with some biomaterial scaffolds and cell choices for angiogenesis. For example, while most current angiogenesis approaches require a variety of stimulatory factors ranging from biomechanical to biomolecular to cellular, some other promising stimulatory factors have been underdeveloped (such as electrical, topographical, and magnetic). When it comes to choosing biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering for angiogenesis, key traits rush to mind including biocompatibility, appropriate physical and mechanical properties (adhesion strength, shear stress, and malleability), as well as identifying the appropriate biomaterial in terms of stability and degradation profile, all of which may leave essential trace materials behind adversely influencing angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the selection of the best biomaterial and cells still remains an area of hot dispute as such previous studies have not sufficiently classified, integrated, or compared approaches. To address the aforementioned need, this review article summarizes a variety of natural and synthetic scaffolds including hydrogels that support angiogenesis. Furthermore, we review a variety of cell sources utilized for cell seeding and influential factors used for angiogenesis with a concentrated focus on biomechanical factors, with unique stimulatory factors. Lastly, we provide a bottom-to-up overview of angiogenic biomaterials and cell selection, highlighting parameters that need to be addressed in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Shokrani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Shokrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, 625, Iraq
- Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, Soran, KRG, 624, Iraq
- Correspondence: S Mohammad Sajadi; Navid Rabiee, Email ; ;
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Amin Hamed Mashhadzadeh
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tejraj Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580 031, India
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India
| | - Thomas J Webster
- School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Biomaterials, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nulty J, Freeman FE, Browe DC, Burdis R, Ahern DP, Pitacco P, Lee YB, Alsberg E, Kelly DJ. 3D bioprinting of prevascularised implants for the repair of critically-sized bone defects. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:154-169. [PMID: 33705989 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For 3D bioprinted tissues to be scaled-up to clinically relevant sizes, effective prevascularisation strategies are required to provide the necessary nutrients for normal metabolism and to remove associated waste by-products. The aim of this study was to develop a bioprinting strategy to engineer prevascularised tissues in vitro and to investigate the capacity of such constructs to enhance the vascularisation and regeneration of large bone defects in vivo. From a screen of different bioinks, a fibrin-based hydrogel was found to best support human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) sprouting and the establishment of a microvessel network. When this bioink was combined with HUVECs and supporting human bone marrow stem/stromal cells (hBMSCs), these microvessel networks persisted in vitro. Furthermore, only bioprinted tissues containing both HUVECs and hBMSCs, that were first allowed to mature in vitro, supported robust blood vessel development in vivo. To assess the therapeutic utility of this bioprinting strategy, these bioinks were used to prevascularise 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, which were subsequently implanted into critically-sized femoral bone defects in rats. Micro-computed tomography (µCT) angiography revealed increased levels of vascularisation in vivo, which correlated with higher levels of new bone formation. Such prevascularised constructs could be used to enhance the vascularisation of a range of large tissue defects, forming the basis of multiple new bioprinted therapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This paper demonstrates a versatile 3D bioprinting technique to improve the vascularisation of tissue engineered constructs and further demonstrates how this method can be incorporated into a bone tissue engineering strategy to improve vascularisation in a rat femoral defect model.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lateral pterygoid muscle enthesis reconstruction in total temporomandibular joint replacement: An animal experiment with radiological correlation. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2021; 49:256-268. [PMID: 33622558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel total temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) was developed with CADskills BV (Ghent, Belgium), aiming to achieve reinsertion of the (LPM) onto a scaffold in the implant. In order to investigate the possibility of reinsertion of the LPM, an animal experiment was conducted. An in vivo sheep experiment was conducted, which involved implanting sheep with a TMJR. Clinical parameters were recorded regularly and computed tomography (CT) scan images of two randomly selected sheep per scan were made at 1, 3, and 6 months. After 9.5 months, the sheep were euthanized, and CT scans of all animals were performed in order to evaluate the LPM's enthesis. A total of 13 sheep were implanted with a TMJR. One sheep was used as a sham. Radiographs revealed four outcome types of enthesis reconstruction. In four sheep, there was no reconstruction between the implant and the LPM. In three sheep, there was a purely soft tissue connection of 0.5-0.9 mm (average 0.7 mm) between the ostectomized bony LPM insertion and the implant's lattice structure. A combination of partial bony and partial soft tissue enthesis attachment (0.3-0.5 mm, average 0.4 mm) was found in three sheep. A bony ingrowth of the enthesis into the scaffold occurred in two sheep. A secondary bony connection between the mandible and the insertion of the LPM was found in 10 of 13 sheep. Four fossa components were found to be displaced, yet TMJ function remained in these ewes. The heterotopic ossification that was seen may be a confounding factor in these results. This in vivo experiment showed promising results for improving the current approach to TMJR with the possibility of restoring the laterotrusive function. The fossa displacement was considered to be due to insufficient fixation and predominant laterotrusive force not allowing for proper osseointegration. Further optimization of the reattachment technique, scaffold position and surface area should be done, as well as trials in humans to evaluate the effect of proper revalidation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Smith JR, Teven CM, Choudry U, Gottlieb LJ. Ultradelayed Arterial Thrombosis: Critical Flap Ischemia After Phalloplasty. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 86:182-187. [PMID: 32826439 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Delayed arterial thrombus causing loss of a cutaneous free flap at or beyond 6 months is a rare phenomenon. The purpose of this report is to describe 2 cases of arterial compromise requiring medical and surgical intervention at or beyond 6 months after radial forearm free flap (RFFF) phalloplasty and to define the phenomenon of ultradelayed arterial thrombosis. METHODS Patient 1 is a 44-year-old transmale who presented with pulselessness, pallor, and hypersensitivity of his neophallus 10 years status post-RFFF phalloplasty using a saphenous vein interposition graft (SVIG) between the superficial femoral artery (SFA) and radial artery (RA). Patient 2 is a 35-year-old transmale who presented with similar complaints 6 months status post-RFFF phalloplasty with the same vascular connections as above. RESULTS Patient 1 was found to have an arterial thrombus distal to the SFA-SVIG anastomosis requiring catheter-directed thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator, resulting in partial loss limited to the distal three fourths of the shaft. Patient 2 was also found to have an arterial thrombus distal to the SFA-SVIG anastomosis requiring catheter-directed thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator and common femoral artery CFA-RA bypass, resulting in partial loss limited to the neoglans. CONCLUSIONS Ultradelayed arterial thrombosis is a rare phenomenon requiring urgent intervention. The exact causes of this phenomenon, whether mechanical or physiological or both, have yet to be fully elucidated but it is hypothesized that the original anastomosis may continue to serve as the critical blood supply to its flap as far as 10 years after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R Smith
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL
| | - Chad M Teven
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Umar Choudry
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lawrence J Gottlieb
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rudzitis-Auth J, Fuß SA, Becker V, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Inhibition of erythropoietin-producing hepatoma receptor B4 (EphB4) signalling suppresses the vascularisation and growth of endometriotic lesions. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3225-3239. [PMID: 32144768 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The development of endometriotic lesions is crucially dependent on the formation of new blood vessels. In the present study, we analysed whether this process is regulated by erythropoietin-producing hepatoma receptor B4 (EphB4) signalling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We first assessed the anti-angiogenic action of the EphB4 inhibitor NVP-BHG712 in different in vitro angiogenesis assays. Then, endometriotic lesions were surgically induced in the dorsal skinfold chamber and peritoneal cavity of NVP-BHG712- or vehicle-treated BALB/c mice. This allowed to study the effect of EphB4 inhibition on their vascularisation and growth by means of intravital fluorescence microscopy, high-resolution ultrasound imaging, histology and immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS Non-cytotoxic doses of NVP-BHG712 suppressed the migration, tube formation and sprouting activity of both human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) and mouse aortic rings. Accordingly, we also detected a lower blood vessel density in NVP-BHG712-treated endometriotic lesions. This was associated with a reduced lesion growth due to a significantly lower number of proliferating stromal cells when compared to vehicle-treated controls. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Inhibition of EphB4 signalling suppresses the vascularisation and growth of endometriotic lesions. Hence, EphB4 represents a promising pharmacological target for the treatment of endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophia A Fuß
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Vivien Becker
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amirsadeghi A, Jafari A, Eggermont LJ, Hashemi SS, Bencherif SA, Khorram M. Vascularization strategies for skin tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4073-4094. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00266f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lack of proper vascularization after skin trauma causes delayed wound healing. This has sparked the development of various tissue engineering strategies to improve vascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armin Amirsadeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| | - Arman Jafari
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn & Wound Healing Research Center
- Shiraz University of Medical Science
- Shiraz 71345-1978
- Iran
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
- Department of Bioengineering
| | - Mohammad Khorram
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71348-51154
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu F, Ren H, Zheng M, Shao X, Dai T, Wu Y, Tian L, Liu Y, Liu B, Gunster J, Liu Y, Liu Y. Development of biodegradable bioactive glass ceramics by DLP printed containing EPCs/BMSCs for bone tissue engineering of rabbit mandible defects. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103532. [PMID: 31756563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass ceramics have excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity; and can form direct chemical bonds with human bones; thus, these ceramic are considered as "Smart" materials. In this study, we develop a new type of bioactive glass ceramic (AP40mod) as a scaffold containing Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and Mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair critical-sized bone defects in rabbit mandibles. For in vitro experiments: AP40mod was prepared by Dgital light processing (DLP) system and the optimal ratio of EPCs/BMSCs was screened by analyzing cell proliferation and ALP activity, as well as the influence of genes related to osteogenesis and angiogenesis by direct inoculation into scaffolds. The scaffold showed suitable mechanical properties, with a Bending strength 52.7 MPa and a good biological activity. Additionally, when EPCs/BMSCs ratio were combined at a ratio of 2:1 with AP40mod, the ALP activity, osteogenesis and angiogenesis were significantly increased. For in vivo experiments: application of AP40mod/EPCs/BMSCs (after 7 days of in vitro spin culture) to repair and reconstruct critical-sized mandible defect in rabbit showed that all scaffolds were successfully accurately implanted into the defect area. As revealed by macroscopically and CT at the end of 9 months, defects in the AP40mod/EPCs/BMSCs group were nearly completely covered by normal bone and the degradation rate was 29.9% compared to 20.1% in the AP40mod group by the 3D reconstruction. As revealed by HE and Masson staining analyses, newly formed blood vessels, bone marrow and collagen maturity were significantly increased in the AP40mod/EPCs/BMSCs group compared to those in the AP40mod group. We directly inoculated cells on the novel material to screen for the best inoculation ratio. It is concluded that the AP40mod combination of EPCs/BMSCs is a promising approach for repairing and reconstructing large load bearing bone defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Hui Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Mengjie Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shen'yang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoxi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Taiqiang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Yanlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Jens Gunster
- Division of Ceramic Processing and Biomaterials, BAM Federal Institute for Materials and Research and Testing, Unter Den Eichen 44-46, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yaxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Yanpu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guduric V, Siadous R, Babilotte J, Seimbille M, Bareille R, Rey S, Thébaud NB, Le Nihouannen D, Fricain J, Devillard R, Luzanin O, Catros S. Layer‐by‐layer bioassembly of poly(lactic) acid membranes loaded with coculture of HBMSCs and EPCs improves vascularization in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:2629-2642. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Guduric
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Robin Siadous
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Joanna Babilotte
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Maxime Seimbille
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Reine Bareille
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Sylvie Rey
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Noëlie B. Thébaud
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Rue de la Pelouse Bordeaux France
| | | | - Jean‐Christophe Fricain
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Rue de la Pelouse Bordeaux France
| | - Raphaël Devillard
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Rue de la Pelouse Bordeaux France
| | - Ognjan Luzanin
- Faculty of Technical SciencesUniversity of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Sylvain Catros
- Biotis, INSERM U1026Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux Cedex France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Rue de la Pelouse Bordeaux France
- Faculty of Technical SciencesUniversity of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Advanced drug delivery systems and artificial skin grafts for skin wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:209-239. [PMID: 30605737 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous injuries, especially chronic wounds, burns, and skin wound infection, require painstakingly long-term treatment with an immense financial burden to healthcare systems worldwide. However, clinical management of chronic wounds remains unsatisfactory in many cases. Various strategies including growth factor and gene delivery as well as cell therapy have been used to enhance the healing of non-healing wounds. Drug delivery systems across the nano, micro, and macroscales can extend half-life, improve bioavailability, optimize pharmacokinetics, and decrease dosing frequency of drugs and genes. Replacement of the damaged skin tissue with substitutes comprising cell-laden scaffold can also restore the barrier and regulatory functions of skin at the wound site. This review covers comprehensively the advanced treatment strategies to improve the quality of wound healing.
Collapse
|
17
|
Pattanaik S, Arbra C, Bainbridge H, Dennis SG, Fann SA, Yost MJ. Vascular Tissue Engineering Using Scaffold-Free Prevascular Endothelial-Fibroblast Constructs. Biores Open Access 2019; 8:1-15. [PMID: 30637179 PMCID: PMC6327854 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2018.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascularization remains a substantial limitation to the viability of engineered tissue. By comparing in vivo vascularization dynamics of a self-assembled prevascular endothelial–fibroblast model to avascular grafts, we explore the vascularization rate limitations in implants at early time intervals, during which tissue hypoxia begins to affect cell viability. Scaffold-free prevascular endothelial–fibroblast constructs (SPECs) may serve as a modular and reshapable vascular bed in replacement tissues. SPECs, fibroblast-only spheroids (FOS), and silicone implants were implanted in 54 Sprague Dawley rats and harvested at 6, 12, and 24 h (n = 5 per time point and implant type). We hypothesized that the primary endothelial networks of the SPECs allow earlier anastomosis and increased vessel formation in the interior of the implant compared to FOS and silicone implants within a 24 h window. All constructs were encapsulated by an endothelial lining at 6 h postimplantation and SPEC internal cords inosculated with the host vascular network by this time point. SPECs had a significantly higher microvascular area fraction and branch/junction density of penetrating cords at 6–12 h compared with other constructs. In addition, SPECs demonstrated perivascular cell recruitment, lumen formation, and network remodeling consistent with vessel maturation at 12–24 h; however, these implants were poorly perfused within our observation window, suggesting poor lumen patency. FOS vascular characteristics (microvessel area and penetrating cord density) increased within the 12–24 h period to represent those of the SPEC implants, suggesting a 12 h latency in host response to avascular grafts compared to prevascular grafts. Knowledge of this temporal advantage in in vitro prevascular network self-assembly as well as an understanding of the current limitations of SPEC engraftment builds on our theoretical temporal model of tissue graft vascularization and suggests a crucial time window, during which technological improvements and vascular therapy can improve engineered tissue survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Pattanaik
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Chase Arbra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Heather Bainbridge
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sarah Grace Dennis
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stephen A. Fann
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Michael J. Yost
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Address correspondence to: Michael J. Yost, PhD, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Room 605, Charleston, SC 29425,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee SJ, Lee JB, Park YW, Lee DY. 3D Bioprinting for Artificial Pancreas Organ. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1064:355-374. [PMID: 30471043 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0445-3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from an autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islet of the endocrine pancreas. Although islet transplantation has been regarded as an ideal strategy for T1D, transplanted islets are rejected from host immune system. To immunologically protect them, islet encapsulation technology with biocompatible materials is emerged as an immuno-barrier. However, this technology has been limited for clinical trial such as hypoxia in the central core of islet bead, impurity of islet bead and retrievability from the body. Recently, 3D bioprinting has been emerged as an alternative approach to make the artificial pancreas. It can be used to position live cells in a desired location with real scale of human organ. Furthermore, constructing a vascularization of the artificial pancreas is actualized with 3D bioprinting. Therefore, it is possible to create real pancreas-mimic artificial organ for clinical application. In conclusion, 3D bioprinting can become a new leader in the development of the artificial pancreas to overcome the existed islet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Jae Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, BK21 PLUS Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resource Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, BK21 PLUS Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resource Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Woo Park
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, BK21 PLUS Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resource Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, BK21 PLUS Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resource Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang C, Hu K, Liu X, Reynolds MA, Bao C, Wang P, Zhao L, Xu HH. Novel hiPSC-based tri-culture for pre-vascularization of calcium phosphate scaffold to enhance bone and vessel formation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
20
|
Ligon SC, Liska R, Stampfl J, Gurr M, Mülhaupt R. Polymers for 3D Printing and Customized Additive Manufacturing. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10212-10290. [PMID: 28756658 PMCID: PMC5553103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1156] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) alias 3D printing translates computer-aided design (CAD) virtual 3D models into physical objects. By digital slicing of CAD, 3D scan, or tomography data, AM builds objects layer by layer without the need for molds or machining. AM enables decentralized fabrication of customized objects on demand by exploiting digital information storage and retrieval via the Internet. The ongoing transition from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing prompts new challenges for mechanical engineers and materials scientists alike. Because polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM, this Review focuses on polymer processing and the development of polymers and advanced polymer systems specifically for AM. AM techniques covered include vat photopolymerization (stereolithography), powder bed fusion (SLS), material and binder jetting (inkjet and aerosol 3D printing), sheet lamination (LOM), extrusion (FDM, 3D dispensing, 3D fiber deposition, and 3D plotting), and 3D bioprinting. The range of polymers used in AM encompasses thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, hydrogels, functional polymers, polymer blends, composites, and biological systems. Aspects of polymer design, additives, and processing parameters as they relate to enhancing build speed and improving accuracy, functionality, surface finish, stability, mechanical properties, and porosity are addressed. Selected applications demonstrate how polymer-based AM is being exploited in lightweight engineering, architecture, food processing, optics, energy technology, dentistry, drug delivery, and personalized medicine. Unparalleled by metals and ceramics, polymer-based AM plays a key role in the emerging AM of advanced multifunctional and multimaterial systems including living biological systems as well as life-like synthetic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Clark Ligon
- Laboratory
for High Performance Ceramics, Empa, The
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
- Institute of Applied
Synthetic Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science and
Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied
Synthetic Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science and
Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Jürgen Stampfl
- Institute of Applied
Synthetic Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science and
Technology, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Matthias Gurr
- H.
B. Fuller Deutschland GmbH, An der Roten Bleiche 2-3, Lüneburg D-21335, Germany
| | - Rolf Mülhaupt
- Freiburg
Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, Freiburg D-79104, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ligon SC, Liska R, Stampfl J, Gurr M, Mülhaupt R. Polymers for 3D Printing and Customized Additive Manufacturing. Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00074 impact factor 2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Clark Ligon
- Laboratory
for High Performance Ceramics, Empa, The Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Matthias Gurr
- H. B. Fuller Deutschland GmbH, An der Roten Bleiche 2-3, Lüneburg D-21335, Germany
| | - Rolf Mülhaupt
- Freiburg
Materials Research Center (FMF) and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, Freiburg D-79104, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bayrak ES, Akar B, Somo SI, Lu C, Xiao N, Brey EM, Cinar A. Computational Model-Based Analysis of Strategies to Enhance Scaffold Vascularization. Biores Open Access 2016; 5:342-355. [PMID: 27965914 PMCID: PMC5144865 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2016.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable and extensive blood vessel networks are required for cell function and survival in engineered tissues. A number of different strategies are currently being investigated to enhance biomaterial vascularization with screening primarily through extensive in vitro and in vivo experiments. In this article, we describe an agent-based model (ABM) developed to evaluate various strategies in silico, including design of optimal biomaterial structure, delivery of angiogenic factors, and application of prevascularized biomaterials. The model predictions are evaluated using experimental data. The ABM developed provides insight into different strategies currently applied for scaffold vascularization and will enable researchers to rapidly screen new hypotheses and explore alternative strategies for enhancing vascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Seyma Bayrak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Banu Akar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sami I Somo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chenlin Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ali Cinar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Progressive Muscle Cell Delivery as a Solution for Volumetric Muscle Defect Repair. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38754. [PMID: 27924941 PMCID: PMC5141432 DOI: 10.1038/srep38754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstructing functional volumetric tissue in vivo following implantation remains a critical challenge facing cell-based approaches. Several pre-vascularization approaches have been developed to increase cell viability following implantation. Structural and functional restoration was achieved in a preclinical rodent tissue defect; however, the approach used in this model fails to repair larger (>mm) defects as observed in a clinical setting. We propose an effective cell delivery system utilizing appropriate vascularization at the site of cell implantation that results in volumetric and functional tissue reconstruction. Our method of multiple cell injections in a progressive manner yielded improved cell survival and formed volumetric muscle tissues in an ectopic muscle site. In addition, this strategy supported the reconstruction of functional skeletal muscle tissue in a rodent volumetric muscle loss injury model. Results from our study suggest that our method may be used to repair volumetric tissue defects by overcoming diffusion limitations and facilitating adequate vascularization.
Collapse
|
24
|
Jamal HA. Tooth Organ Bioengineering: Cell Sources and Innovative Approaches. Dent J (Basel) 2016; 4:dj4020018. [PMID: 29563460 PMCID: PMC5851265 DOI: 10.3390/dj4020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Various treatment approaches for restoring missing teeth are being utilized nowadays by using artificial dental crowns/bridges or the use of dental implants. All aforementioned restorative modalities are considered to be the conventional way of treating such cases. Although these artificial therapies are commonly used for tooth loss rehabilitation, they are still less conservative, show less biocompatibility and fail to restore the natural biological and physiological function. Adding to that, they are considered to be costly due to the risk of failure and they also require regular maintenance. Regenerative dentistry is currently considered a novel therapeutic concept with high potential for a complete recovery of the natural function and esthetics of teeth. Biological-cell based dental therapies would involve replacement of teeth by using stem cells that will ultimately grow a bioengineered tooth, thereby restoring both the biological and physiological functions of the natural tooth, and are considered to be the ultimate goal in regenerative dentistry. In this review, various stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for tooth organ bioengineering will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan A Jamal
- Independent Researcher, Ibrahim Al- Jaffali, Awali, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Z, Hu H, Li Z, Weng Y, Dai T, Zong C, Liu Y, Liu B. Sheet of osteoblastic cells combined with platelet-rich fibrin improves the formation of bone in critical-size calvarial defects in rabbits. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:316-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
26
|
Laschke MW, Menger MD. Prevascularization in tissue engineering: Current concepts and future directions. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 34:112-21. [PMID: 26674312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The survival of engineered tissue constructs during the initial phase after their implantation depends on the rapid development of an adequate vascularization. This, in turn, is a major prerequisite for the constructs' long-term function. 'Prevascularization' has emerged as a promising concept in tissue engineering, aiming at the generation of a preformed microvasculature in tissue constructs prior to their implantation. This should shorten the time period during which the constructs are avascular and suffer hypoxic conditions. Herein, we provide an overview of current strategies for the generation of preformed microvascular networks within tissue constructs. In vitro approaches use cell seeding, spheroid formation or cell sheet technologies. In situ approaches use the body as a natural bioreactor to induce vascularization by angiogenic ingrowth or flap and arteriovenous (AV)-loop techniques. In future, these strategies may be supplemented by the transplantation of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments or the in vitro generation of highly organized microvascular networks by means of sophisticated microscale technologies and microfluidic systems. The further advancement of these prevascularization concepts and their adaptation to individual therapeutic interventions will markedly contribute to a broad implementation of tissue engineering applications into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
SLM produced porous titanium implant improvements for enhanced vascularization and osteoblast seeding. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7478-92. [PMID: 25849656 PMCID: PMC4425029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve well-known titanium implants, pores can be used for increasing bone formation and close bone-implant interface. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) enables the production of any geometry and was used for implant production with 250-µm pore size. The used pore size supports vessel ingrowth, as bone formation is strongly dependent on fast vascularization. Additionally, proangiogenic factors promote implant vascularization. To functionalize the titanium with proangiogenic factors, polycaprolactone (PCL) coating can be used. The following proangiogenic factors were examined: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12). As different surfaces lead to different cell reactions, titanium and PCL coating were compared. The growing into the porous titanium structure of primary osteoblasts was examined by cross sections. Primary osteoblasts seeded on the different surfaces were compared using Live Cell Imaging (LCI). Cross sections showed cells had proliferated, but not migrated after seven days. Although the cell count was lower on titanium PCL implants in LCI, the cell count and cell spreading area development showed promising results for titanium PCL implants. HMGB1 showed the highest migration capacity for stimulating the endothelial cell line. Future perspective would be the incorporation of HMGB1 into PCL polymer for the realization of a slow factor release.
Collapse
|
28
|
Engineering Angiogenesis for Myocardial Infarction Repair: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Directions. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13239-014-0193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
29
|
White SM, Pittman CR, Hingorani R, Arora R, Esipova TV, Vinogradov SA, Hughes CCW, Choi B, George SC. Implanted cell-dense prevascularized tissues develop functional vasculature that supports reoxygenation after thrombosis. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2316-28. [PMID: 24593148 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving adequate vascularization within implanted engineered tissues is a significant obstacle to maintaining viability and functionality. In vitro prevascularization of engineered tissues has been explored as a potential solution to this challenge. The traditional paradigm of in vitro prevascularization is to implant an engineered tissue with a preformed vascular network that is perfused after anastomosis with the host circulation. We investigated the efficacy of this strategy by implanting cell-dense prevascularized tissues created via cell-mediated contraction and composed of collagen and a collagen-fibrin mixture into dorsal window chambers surgically prepared on immunocompromised mice. We found that host-implant anastomosis takes place in 2-6 days and that perfusion of vessels within the implants is subsequently restricted by thrombosis. However, by day 7, a functional vascular network composed of host and implant vessels developed. Prevascularization enhanced intra-implant pO2 significantly as early as 2 days postimplantation, reaching a maximum of 55 mmHg by day 8, which was significantly greater than the maximum within cellularized control tissues (18 mmHg). By day 14, collagen tissues supported ∼ 0.51 × 10(9) implanted and host-derived cells per mL. Our findings elucidate key features of in vitro prevascularization that can be used toward the design of larger and more functionally complex engineered tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M White
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Irvine, Irvine, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Coulombe KLK, Bajpai VK, Andreadis ST, Murry CE. Heart regeneration with engineered myocardial tissue. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2014; 16:1-28. [PMID: 24819474 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071812-152344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and regenerative therapies that replace damaged myocardium could benefit millions of patients annually. The many cell types in the heart, including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and cardiac fibroblasts, communicate via intercellular signaling and modulate each other's function. Although much progress has been made in generating cells of the cardiovascular lineage from human pluripotent stem cells, a major challenge now is creating the tissue architecture to integrate a microvascular circulation and afferent arterioles into such an engineered tissue. Recent advances in cardiac and vascular tissue engineering will move us closer to the goal of generating functionally mature tissue. Using the biology of the myocardium as the foundation for designing engineered tissue and addressing the challenges to implantation and integration, we can bridge the gap from bench to bedside for a clinically tractable engineered cardiac tissue.
Collapse
|
31
|
Steindorff MM, Lehl H, Winkel A, Stiesch M. Innovative approaches to regenerate teeth by tissue engineering. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:158-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
32
|
Kokemüller H, Jehn P, Spalthoff S, Essig H, Tavassol F, Schumann P, Andreae A, Nolte I, Jagodzinski M, Gellrich NC. En bloc prefabrication of vascularized bioartificial bone grafts in sheep and complete workflow for custom-made transplants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 43:163-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
33
|
Marei MK, Nagy NB, Saad MS, Zaky SH, Elbackly RM, Eweida AM, Alkhodary MA. Strategy for a Biomimetic Paradigm in Dental and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118810408.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
34
|
Liu F, Yu S, Wang Z, Sun X. Biomimetic construction of large engineered bone using hemoperfusion and cyto-capture in traumatic bone defect. Biores Open Access 2013; 1:247-51. [PMID: 23516672 PMCID: PMC3559229 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2012.0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to lack of blood vessel systems, only a few tissues, such as skin, cartilage, and cornea, have been successfully constructed in vivo. Anticoagulative scaffolds have been used in drug-eluting stent systems both in animal studies and clinical therapies, as in the medicinal leech therapy used to salvage venous-congested microvascular free flaps improved perfusion inspired us to tackle this hurdle in bone tissue engineering. We hypothesize that a combination of bone marrow as the blood supply and a heparin/chitosan-coated acellular bone matrix that acts like hirudin, together with a vacuum-assisted closure therapy system, would provide blood perfusion to the scaffold. Using these methods, a biomimetically engineered bone construct would facilitate clinical translation in bone tissue engineering and offer new therapeutic strategies for reconstructing large bone defects if the hypothesis proves to be practical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, 89th Hospital of People's Liberation Army , Weifang, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Denecke B, Horsch LD, Radtke S, Fischer JC, Horn PA, Giebel B. Human endothelial colony-forming cells expanded with an improved protocol are a useful endothelial cell source for scaffold-based tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 9:E84-97. [PMID: 23436759 DOI: 10.1002/term.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in tissue engineering is to supply larger three-dimensional (3D) bioengineered tissue transplants with sufficient amounts of nutrients and oxygen and to allow metabolite removal. Consequently, artificial vascularization strategies of such transplants are desired. One strategy focuses on endothelial cells capable of initiating new vessel formation, which are settled on scaffolds commonly used in tissue engineering. A bottleneck in this strategy is to obtain sufficient amounts of endothelial cells, as they can be harvested only in small quantities directly from human tissues. Thus, protocols are required to expand appropriate cells in sufficient amounts without interfering with their capability to settle on scaffold materials and to initiate vessel formation. Here, we analysed whether umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) fulfil these requirements. In a first set of experiments, we showed that marginally expanded ECFCs settle and survive on different scaffold biomaterials. Next, we improved ECFC culture conditions and developed a protocol for ECFC expansion compatible with 'Good Manufacturing Practice' (GMP) standards. We replaced animal sera with human platelet lysates and used a novel type of tissue-culture ware. ECFCs cultured under the new conditions revealed significantly lower apoptosis and increased proliferation rates. Simultaneously, their viability was increased. Since extensively expanded ECFCs could still settle on scaffold biomaterials and were able to form tubular structures in Matrigel assays, we conclude that these ex vivo-expanded ECFCs are a novel, very potent cell source for scaffold-based tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Aachen (IZKF Aachen), RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Liska D Horsch
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Radtke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes C Fischer
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cellular Therapeutics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kuehl AR, Abshagen K, Eipel C, Laschke MW, Menger MD, Laue M, Vollmar B. External inosculation as a feature of revascularization occurs after free transplantation of murine liver grafts. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:286-98. [PMID: 23205733 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The induction of angiogenesis is essential for successful engraftment of freely transplanted cells or cellular composites. How to augment angiogenesis to ensure an appropriate viability of the grafts is still under investigation. This study evaluated the proangiogenic capability of different syngeneic free liver transplants and elucidated the origin of the newly formed vascular network via use of an eGFP(+) /eGFP(-) (enhanced green fluorescent protein) cross-over design. Using intravital fluorescence microscopy, we found that neonatal and resected murine liver transplants implanted into dorsal skinfold chambers display a significantly enhanced vascularization compared to regular adult transplants. Immunohistochemically, less tissue hypoxia, apoptosis and macrophage infiltration was observed in the neonatal and resected transplants, which is in line with improved vascularization of those grafts. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed morphological hallmarks of liver cells. eGFP(+) liver transplants implanted on eGFP(-) recipients displayed vascular sprouting from the grafts themselves and connection to the recipients` microvasculature, which also undergoes transient proangiogenic response. This process is described as external inosculation, with microvessels exhibiting a chimeric nature of the endothelial lining. These data collectively show that proliferative stimulation is taking effect on angiogenic properties of free transplants and might provide a novel tool for modulating the revascularization of free grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-R Kuehl
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Neovascularization in tissue engineering. Cells 2012; 1:1246-60. [PMID: 24710553 PMCID: PMC3901123 DOI: 10.3390/cells1041246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A prerequisite for successful tissue engineering is adequate vascularization that would allow tissue engineering constructs to survive and grow. Angiogenic growth factors, alone and in combination, have been used to achieve this, and gene therapy has been used as a tool to enable sustained release of these angiogenic proteins. Cell-based therapy using endothelial cells and their precursors presents an alternative approach to tackling this challenge. These studies have occurred on a background of advancements in scaffold design and assays for assessing neovascularization. Finally, several studies have already attempted to translate research in neovascularization to clinical use in the blossoming field of therapeutic angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang R, Gao Z, Geng W, Yan X, Chen F, Liu Y. Engineering Vascularized Bone Graft With Osteogenic and Angiogenic Lineage Differentiated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Artif Organs 2012; 36:1036-46. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2012.01529.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
39
|
White SM, Hingorani R, Arora RPS, Hughes CCW, George SC, Choi B. Longitudinal in vivo imaging to assess blood flow and oxygenation in implantable engineered tissues. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2012; 18:697-709. [PMID: 22435776 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2011.0744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The functionality of vascular networks within implanted prevascularized tissues is difficult to assess using traditional analysis techniques, such as histology. This is largely due to the inability to visualize hemodynamics in vivo longitudinally. Therefore, we have developed dynamic imaging methods to measure blood flow and hemoglobin oxygen saturation in implanted prevascularized tissues noninvasively and longitudinally. Using laser speckle imaging, multispectral imaging, and intravital microscopy, we demonstrate that fibrin-based tissue implants anastomose with the host (severe combined immunodeficient mice) in as short as 20 h. Anastomosis results in initial perfusion with highly oxygenated blood, and an increase in average hemoglobin oxygenation of 53%. However, shear rates in the preformed vessels were low (20.8±12.8 s(-1)), and flow did not persist in the vast majority of preformed vessels due to thrombus formation. These findings suggest that designing an appropriate vascular network structure in prevascularized tissues to maintain shear rates above the threshold for thrombosis may be necessary to maintain flow following implantation. We conclude that wide-field and microscopic functional imaging can dynamically assess blood flow and oxygenation in vivo in prevascularized tissues, and can be used to rapidly evaluate and improve prevascularization strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M White
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Knapik A, Hegland N, Calcagni M, Althaus M, Vollmar B, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N. Metalloproteinases facilitate connection of wound bed vessels to pre-existing skin graft vasculature. Microvasc Res 2012; 84:16-23. [PMID: 22521453 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in tissue engineering of human skin, the exact revascularization processes remain unclear. Therefore it was the aim of this study to investigate the vascular transformations during engraftment and to identify associated proteolytic factors. METHODS The modified dorsal skinfold chamber with autologous skin grafting was prepared in C57BL/6J mice, and intravital microscopy was performed. The expression of proteases and vascular factors was quantified by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Reperfusion of the skin graft after 72hours was followed by a temporary angiogenic response of the graft vessels. Wound bed bud formation appeared after 24 to 48hours representing starting points for capillary sprouting. In the reperfused skin graft larger buds developed over several days without transformation into angiogenic sprouts; instead pruning took place. MT1-MMP was detected at sprout tips of in-growing vessels. MMP-2 expression was located at the wound bed/graft connection sites. Pericytes were found to withdraw from the angiogenic vessel in order to facilitate sprouting. CONCLUSIONS Skin graft vasculature responded with temporary angiogenesis to reperfusion, which was pruned after several days and exhibited a different morphology than regular sprouting angiogenesis present within the wound bed. Furthermore we identified MT1-MMP as sprout-tip located protease indicating its potential role as sprout growth facilitator as well as potentially in lysing the existing graft capillaries in order to connect to them. The differences between the wound bed and skin graft angiogenesis may represent a relevant insight into the processes of vascular pruning and may help in the engineering of skin substitutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Knapik
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tian L, George SC. Biomaterials to prevascularize engineered tissues. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2011; 4:685-98. [PMID: 21892744 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-011-9301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering promises to restore tissue and organ function following injury or failure by creating functional and transplantable artificial tissues. The development of artificial tissues with dimensions that exceed the diffusion limit (1-2 mm) will require nutrients and oxygen to be delivered via perfusion (or convection) rather than diffusion alone. One strategy of perfusion is to prevascularize tissues; that is, a network of blood vessels is created within the tissue construct prior to implantation, which has the potential to significantly shorten the time of functional vascular perfusion from the host. The prevascularized network of vessels requires an extracellular matrix or scaffold for 3D support, which can be either natural or synthetic. This review surveys the commonly used biomaterials for prevascularizing 3D tissue engineering constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Novosel EC, Kleinhans C, Kluger PJ. Vascularization is the key challenge in tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:300-11. [PMID: 21396416 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 666] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main limitation in engineering in vitro tissues is the lack of a sufficient blood vessel system - the vascularization. In vivo almost all tissues are supplied by these endothelial cell coated tubular networks. Current strategies to create vascularized tissues are discussed in this review. The first strategy is based on the endothelial cells and their ability to form new vessels known as neoangiogenesis. Herein prevascularization techniques are compared to approaches in which biomolecules, such as growth factors, cytokines, peptides and proteins as well as cells are applied to generate new vessels. The second strategy is focused on scaffold-based techniques. Naturally-derived scaffolds, which contain vessels, are distinguished from synthetically manufactured matrices. Advantages and pitfalls of the approaches to create vascularized tissues in vitro are outlined and feasible future strategies are discussed.
Collapse
|
43
|
Laschke MW, Mussawy H, Schuler S, Kazakov A, Rücker M, Eglin D, Alini M, Menger MD. Short-Term Cultivation of In Situ Prevascularized Tissue Constructs Accelerates Inosculation of Their Preformed Microvascular Networks After Implantation into the Host Tissue. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:841-53. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center AO Foundation, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Haider Mussawy
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center AO Foundation, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sandra Schuler
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center AO Foundation, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andrey Kazakov
- Internal Medicine III—Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Martin Rücker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Eglin
- AO Research Institute, Clavadelerstrasse, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute, Clavadelerstrasse, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center AO Foundation, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mason MN, Mahoney MJ. A novel composite construct increases the vascularization potential of PEG hydrogels through the incorporation of large fibrin ribbons. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 95:283-93. [PMID: 20607870 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Developing a mechanism to vascularize tissue-engineered constructs is imperative for transplant function and integration, particularly when delivering hypoxia-sensitive tissues, such as pancreatic islets. Previous efforts have focused on bulk modifications of scaffold materials rendering the entire construct permissive to vessel penetration or the formation of a porous structure where vessels can infiltrate the empty spaces. Here, we describe a novel construct composed of large fibrin ribbons encapsulated within a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel. The PEG/fibrin ribbon composite scaffold facilitates coculture of adhesive and nonadhesive cell types, thus providing closely neighboring environments with distinct material properties specific to the needs of two clinically relevant cell populations. This advantage is demonstrated here by the successful coculture of pancreatic islets in the PEG component and vessel-forming endothelial cells in entrapped fibrin ribbons. Transplanted endothelial cells can form anastomosies with host vasculature, suggesting that our cocultures may lead to more rapid scaffold vascularization. Additionally, we show that surface-seeded endothelial cells form multicellular projections that migrate into nonadhesive PEG hydrogels along permissive fibrin ribbons, further demonstrating composite construct vascularization potential. Distribution of large fibrin ribbons throughout PEG hydrogels provide a potential mechanism for vascularization of a well-established biomaterial without inherently changing its desirable properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariah N Mason
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Campus Box 424, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tavassol F, Schumann P, Lindhorst D, Sinikovic B, Voss A, von See C, Kampmann A, Bormann KH, Carvalho C, Mülhaupt R, Harder Y, Laschke MW, Menger MD, Gellrich NC, Rücker M. Accelerated angiogenic host tissue response to poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolds by vitalization with osteoblast-like cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:2265-79. [PMID: 20184434 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone substitutes should ideally promote rapid vascularization, which could be accelerated if these substitutes were vitalized by autologous cells. Although adequate engraftment of porous poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds has been demonstrated in the past, it has not yet been investigated how vascularization is influenced by vitalization or, more precisely, by seeding PLGA scaffolds with osteoblast-like cells (OLCs). For this reason, we conducted an in vivo study to assess host angiogenic and inflammatory responses after the implantation of PLGA scaffolds vitalized with isogeneic OLCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS OLCs were seeded on collagen-coated PLGA scaffolds that were implanted into dorsal skinfold chambers in BALB/c mice (n = 8). Two further groups of animals received either collagen-coated (n = 8) or uncoated PLGA scaffolds (n = 8). Animals that received chambers without implants served as controls (n = 8). Angiogenesis, neovascularization, and leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction were analyzed for 14 days using intravital fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS PLGA scaffolds with and without OLCs showed a temporary increase in leukocyte recruitment. At day 3 after implantation, a marked angiogenic host tissue response was observed in close vicinity of all scaffolds studied. At days 6 and 10, the angiogenic response was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in PLGA scaffolds vitalized with OLCs than in uncoated or collagen-coated PLGA scaffolds. The majority of OLCs, however, died within 14 days after implantation. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that PLGA scaffold vitalization with OLCs accelerates the angiogenic response in the surrounding host tissue. Bone substitutes created by tissue engineering may thus be superior to nonvitalized substitutes although the seeded cells do not survive for long periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Tavassol
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sefcik LS, Wilson JL, Papin JA, Botchwey EA. Harnessing systems biology approaches to engineer functional microvascular networks. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 16:361-70. [PMID: 20121415 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular remodeling is a complex process that includes many cell types and molecular signals. Despite a continued growth in the understanding of signaling pathways involved in the formation and maturation of new blood vessels, approximately half of all compounds entering clinical trials will fail, resulting in the loss of much time, money, and resources. Most pro-angiogenic clinical trials to date have focused on increasing neovascularization via the delivery of a single growth factor or gene. Alternatively, a focus on the concerted regulation of whole networks of genes may lead to greater insight into the underlying physiology since the coordinated response is greater than the sum of its parts. Systems biology offers a comprehensive network view of the processes of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis that might enable the prediction of drug targets and whether or not activation of the targets elicits the desired outcome. Systems biology integrates complex biological data from a variety of experimental sources (-omics) and analyzes how the interactions of the system components can give rise to the function and behavior of that system. This review focuses on how systems biology approaches have been applied to microvascular growth and remodeling, and how network analysis tools can be utilized to aid novel pro-angiogenic drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Sefcik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Temporary Angiogenic Transformation of the Skin Graft Vasculature after Reperfusion. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 126:61-70. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3181da87f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
48
|
Laschke MW, Strohe A, Menger MD, Alini M, Eglin D. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a novel nanosize hydroxyapatite particles/poly(ester-urethane) composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:2020-7. [PMID: 20004748 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering should provide an osteoconductive surface to promote the ingrowth of new bone after implantation into bone defects. This may be achieved by hydroxyapatite loading of distinct scaffold biomaterials. Herein, we analyzed the in vitro and in vivo properties of a novel nanosize hydroxyapatite particles/poly(ester-urethane) (nHA/PU) composite scaffold which was prepared by a salt leaching-phase inverse process. Microtomography, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy analyses demonstrated the capability of the material processing to create a three-dimensional porous PU scaffold with nHA on the surface. Compared to nHA-free PU scaffolds (control), this modified scaffold type induced a significant increase in in vitro adsorption of model proteins. In vivo analysis of the inflammatory and angiogenic host tissue response to implanted nHA/PU scaffolds in the dorsal skinfold chamber model indicated that the incorporation of nHA particles into the scaffold material did not affect biocompatibility and vascularization when compared to control scaffolds. Thus, nHA/PU composite scaffolds represent a promising new type of scaffold for bone tissue engineering, combining the flexible material properties of PU with the advantage of an osteoconductive surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Laschke MW, Vollmar B, Menger MD. Inosculation: connecting the life-sustaining pipelines. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 15:455-65. [PMID: 19552605 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in engineering microvascular networks in vitro and in vivo offers exciting opportunities to create tissue constructs with preformed blood vessels, which are rapidly blood perfused by developing interconnections to the preexisting blood vessels of the host tissue after implantation. This process, termed as inosculation, is well known from the revascularization of various tissue grafts, such as transplanted skin, nerves, or bone. It is characterized by the close interaction of the implant's preformed microvascular network and the host microvasculature. The sprouting angiogenic activity of both counterparts determines whether inosculation takes place internally within the implant or externally within the surrounding host tissue. Successful inosculation involves vascular remodeling as well as infiltration of inflammatory cells and stem cells. With the use of sophisticated in vitro and in vivo models, more detailed analysis of regulatory mechanisms of inosculation will help to develop novel strategies, aiming at further accelerating the establishment of a life-sustaining blood supply to implanted tissue constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, University of Saarland , Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kokemueller H, Spalthoff S, Nolff M, Tavassol F, Essig H, Stuehmer C, Bormann KH, Rücker M, Gellrich NC. Prefabrication of vascularized bioartificial bone grafts in vivo for segmental mandibular reconstruction: experimental pilot study in sheep and first clinical application. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:379-87. [PMID: 20167453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The key elements for bioartificial bone formation in 3D matrices are large numbers of osteogenic cells and supplies of oxygen and nutrition. Vascularization becomes more important with the increasing size and complexity of seeded scaffolds required for clinical application in reconstructive craniomaxillofacial surgery. Prefabrication of vascularized bioartificial bone grafts in vivo might be an alternative to in vitro tissue engineering techniques. Two cylindrical beta-TCP-scaffolds (25 mm long) were intraoperatively filled with autogenous bone marrow from the iliac crest for cell loading and implanted into the latissimus dorsi muscle in 12 sheep. To determine the effect of axial perfusion, one scaffold in each sheep was surgically supplied with a central vascular bundle. Sheep were killed 3 months after surgery. Histomorphometric analysis showed autogenous bone marrow from the iliac crest was an effective source of osteogenic cells and growth factors, inducing considerable ectopic bone growth in all implanted scaffolds. Bone growth, ceramic resorption and angiogenesis increased significantly with axial perfusion. The results encourage the application of prefabricated bioartificial bone for segmental mandibular reconstruction in man. In clinical practice, vascularized bioartificial bone grafts could change the principles of bone transplantation with minimal donor site morbidity and no shape or volume limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kokemueller
- Department for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|