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Santini-González J, Castro-Gutierrez R, Becker MW, Rancourt C, Russ HA, Phelps EA. Human stem cell derived beta-like cells engineered to present PD-L1 improve transplant survival in NOD mice carrying human HLA class I. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:989815. [PMID: 36506044 PMCID: PMC9732725 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.989815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need for therapeutic approaches that combine renewable sources of replacement beta cells with localized immunomodulation to counter recurrence of autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, there are few examples of animal models to study such approaches that incorporate spontaneous autoimmunity directed against human beta cells rather than allogenic rejection. Here, we address this critical limitation by demonstrating rejection and survival of transplanted human stem cell-derived beta-like cells clusters (sBCs) in a fully immune competent mouse model with matching human HLA class I and spontaneous diabetes development. We engineered localized immune tolerance toward transplanted sBCs via inducible cell surface overexpression of PD-L1 (iP-sBCs) with and without deletion of all HLA class I surface molecules via beta-2 microglobulin knockout (iP-BKO sBCs). NOD.HLA-A2.1 mice, which lack classical murine MHC I and instead express human HLA-A*02:01, underwent transplantation of 1,000 human HLA-A*02:01 sBCs under the kidney capsule and were separated into HLA-A2 positive iP-sBC and HLA-class I negative iP-BKO sBC groups, each with +/- doxycycline (DOX) induced PD-L1 expression. IVIS imaging showed significantly improved graft survival in mice transplanted with PD-L1 expressing iP-sBC at day 3 post transplantation compared to controls. However, luciferase signal dropped below in vivo detection limits by day 14 for all groups in this aggressive immune competent diabetes model. Nonetheless, histological examination revealed significant numbers of surviving insulin+/PD-L1+ sBCs cells for DOX-treated mice at day 16 post-transplant despite extensive infiltration with high numbers of CD3+ and CD45+ immune cells. These results show that T cells rapidly infiltrate and attack sBC grafts in this model but that significant numbers of PD-L1 expressing sBCs manage to survive in this harsh immunological environment. This investigation represents one of the first in vivo studies recapitulating key aspects of human autoimmune diabetes to test immune tolerance approaches with renewable sources of beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Santini-González
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Roberto Castro-Gutierrez
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Matthew W. Becker
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Chad Rancourt
- Animal Care Services, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Holger A. Russ
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Edward A. Phelps
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Edward A. Phelps,
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Xie A, Li R, Jiang T, Yan H, Zhang H, Yang Y, Yang L, Yechoor V, Chan L, Chen W. Anti-TCRβ mAb in Combination With Neurogenin3 Gene Therapy Reverses Established Overt Type 1 Diabetes in Female NOD Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:3140-3151. [PMID: 28977608 PMCID: PMC5659705 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-producing β cells in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are destroyed by T lymphocytes. We investigated whether targeting the T-cell receptor (TCR) with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) abrogates T-cell response against residual and newly formed islets in overtly diabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. NOD mice with blood glucose levels of 250 to 350 mg/dL or 350 to 450 mg/dL were considered as new-onset or established overt diabetes, respectively. These diabetic NOD mice were transiently treated with an anti-TCR β chain (TCRβ) mAb, H57-597, for 5 days. Two weeks later, some NOD mice with established overt diabetes further received hepatic gene therapy using the islet-lineage determining gene Neurogenin3 (Ngn3), in combination with the islet growth factor gene betacellulin (Btc). We found that anti-TCRβ mAb (50 µg/d) reversed >80% new-onset diabetes in NOD mice for >14 weeks by reducing the number of effector T cells in the pancreas. However, anti-TCRβ mAb therapy alone reversed only ∼20% established overt diabetes in these mice. Among those overtly diabetic NOD mice whose diabetes was resistant to anti-TCRβ mAb treatment, ∼60% no longer had diabetes when they also received Ngn3-Btc hepatic gene transfer 2 weeks after initial anti-TCRβ mAb treatment. This combination of Ngn3-Btc gene therapy and anti-TCRβ mAb treatment induced the sustained formation of periportal insulin-producing cells in the liver of overtly diabetic mice. Therefore, directly targeting TCRβ with a mAb potently reverses new-onset T1D in NOD mice and protects residual and newly formed gene therapy-induced hepatic neo-islets from T-cell‒mediated destruction in mice with established overt diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Betacellulin/genetics
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Female
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/cytology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology
- Islets of Langerhans/cytology
- Islets of Langerhans/immunology
- Liver/cytology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Aini Xie
- Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rongying Li
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Tao Jiang
- Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hui Yan
- Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hedong Zhang
- Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Yisheng Yang
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Lina Yang
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Vijay Yechoor
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Lawrence Chan
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Center for Immunobiology and Transplantation Research, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065
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Maurice Morillon Y, Martin A, Gojanovich G, Wang B, Tisch R. Reestablishing T Cell Tolerance by Antibody-Based Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2015; 63:239-50. [PMID: 25790749 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing β cells are selectively destroyed. β cell-specific T cells are considered to be the major mediators of pathology. Accordingly, most immunotherapies tested in the clinic to date have focused on reestablishing self-tolerance within the T cell compartment. Monoclonal antibodies (Ab) targeting a variety of lymphocyte surface proteins have demonstrated benefits in preclinical and clinical settings. Indeed, the use of Ab to target T cells directly or indirectly has proven to be an effective strategy to rapidly suppress β cell autoimmunity and establish tissue-specific, long-term tolerance in rodent T1D models. In this review, we describe a number of these Ab-based immunotherapies, discuss associated immune regulatory mechanisms, and highlight results obtained in T1D clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Maurice Morillon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Zhu H, Yu L, He Y, Wang B. Nonhuman primate models of type 1 diabetes mellitus for islet transplantation. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:785948. [PMID: 25389531 PMCID: PMC4217338 DOI: 10.1155/2014/785948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an attractive treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Animal models of diabetes mellitus (DM) contribute a lot to the experimental studies of islet transplantation and to evaluations of isolated islet grafts for future clinical applications. Diabetic nonhuman primates (NHPs) represent the suitable models of DMs to better evaluate the effectiveness of islet transplantation, to assess new strategies for controlling blood glucose (BG), relieving immune rejection, or prolonging islet survival, and eventually to translate the preclinical data into tangible clinical practice. This review introduces some NHP models of DM, clarifies why and how the models should be used, and elucidates the usefulness and limitations of the models in islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
- *Bo Wang:
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