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Ledwoch N, Wiegmann B, Chichelnitskiy E, Wandrer F, Kühne JF, Beushausen K, Keil J, Radomsky L, Sommer W, Knöfel AK, Rojas SV, Ius F, Haverich A, Warnecke G, Falk CS. Identification of distinct secretory patterns and their regulatory networks of ischemia versus reperfusion phases in clinical heart transplantation. Cytokine 2021; 149:155744. [PMID: 34649160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with inflammatory responses contributing to the development of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and rejection. Here, we investigated the pathophysiology of IRI and the early phase after heart transplantation (HTx) regarding its cytokine/chemokine and endothelial networks. METHODS Using multiplex technology, we assessed protein concentrations in plasma samples of HTx recipients (n = 11) pre-, postoperatively, 24 h and 3 weeks after HTx. The same proteins were quantified in organ storage solutions at the end of heart storage (n = 10). Unsupervised cluster, principal component analysis (PCA), K-nearest neighbor (KNN) network classifier analysis, ANOVA and Spearman correlation analyses were performed to identify specific patterns for IRI and individual kinetics of important soluble factors in HTx. RESULTS Unique patterns of soluble factors were identified in plasma of HTx patients. KNN analysis defined IL-10, IL-6, sIL-6Rα, IL-1RA, IL-16, sVEGFR-1, IGFBP-1, HGF and sHer-2 as strongest signals directly post-Tx declining 24 hrs after HTx. By contrast, MIF, osteopontin (OPN), sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1, IGFBP-1, SCGF-ß, HGF were highly enriched in organ storage solutions, reflecting distinct ischemic (storage solution) vs. reperfusion (plasma) signatures. CONCLUSIONS We identified specific inflammatory signatures for ischemic vs. reperfusion phases of HTx, associated with pro- as well as anti-inflammatory and endothelial biomarker candidates for IRI. These signatures might help to identify potential danger factors and their networks at both the ex situ (ischemic) as well as the reperfusion phase in the recipient after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Ledwoch
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bettina Wiegmann
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, DZL, BREATH Site, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Wandrer
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jenny F Kühne
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Beushausen
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jana Keil
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lena Radomsky
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, DZIF, TTU-IICH Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Germany
| | - Wiebke Sommer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, DZL, BREATH Site, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Knöfel
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, DZL, BREATH Site, Germany
| | - Sebastian V Rojas
- Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Fabio Ius
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gregor Warnecke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, DZL, BREATH Site, Germany
| | - Christine S Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, DZL, BREATH Site, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, DZIF, TTU-IICH Hannover-Braunschweig Site, Germany.
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Watanabe R, Nakajima T, Ogawa M, Suzuki JI, Muto S, Itai A, Hirata Y, Nagai R, Isobe M. Effects of pharmacological suppression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in myocardial remodeling after ischemia reperfusion injury. Int Heart J 2012; 52:388-92. [PMID: 22188714 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.52.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) contributes to cardiac ventricular remodeling because migration of inflammatory cells and attenuation of extracellular matrix degradation are caused by plasmin and matrix metalloproteinase. However, the roles of PAI-1 in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and the following inflammatory response have not yet been well elucidated. To clarify the role of PAI-1 in myocardial I/R injury, we used a specific PAI-1 inhibitor (IMD-1622) in a rat model. The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated and reperfusion was performed by loosening the suture after 30 minutes of arterial occlusion. A single administration of IMD-1622 (20 mg/kg) or vehicle was given intraperitoneally and then the rats were sacrificed on day 1 or day 14 after I/R. Blood pressure, echocardiograms, histopathology, and molecular examination were performed. The examinations revealed that PAI-1 inhibitor showed limited effects on cardiac dysfunction and ventricular remodeling after I/R. We conclude that the pharmacological inhibition of PAI-1 may not affect ventricular remodeling after myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Brandal S, Blake CM, Sullenger BA, Fortenberry YM. Effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-specific RNA aptamers on cell adhesion, motility, and tube formation. Nucleic Acid Ther 2011; 21:373-81. [PMID: 22103403 PMCID: PMC3279719 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2011.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine protease inhibitor (serpin) plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is associated with the pathophysiology of several diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. The extracellular matrix protein vitronectin increases at sites of vessel injury and is also present in fibrin clots. Integrins present on the cell surface bind to vitronectin and anchor the cell to the extracellular matrix. However, the binding of PAI-1 to vitronectin prevents this interaction, thereby decreasing both cell adhesion and migration. We previously developed PAI-1-specific RNA aptamers that bind to (or in the vicinity of) the vitronectin binding site of PAI-1. These aptamers prevented cancer cells from detaching from vitronectin in the presence of PAI-1, resulting in an increase in cell adhesion. In the current study, we used in vitro assays to investigate the effects that these aptamers have on human aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration, adhesion, and proliferation. The PAI-1-specific aptamers (SM20 and WT15) increased attachment of HASMCs and HUVECs to vitronectin in the presence of PAI-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Whereas PAI-1 significantly inhibited cell migration through its interaction with vitronectin, both SM20 and WT15 restored cell migration. The PAI-1 vitronectin binding mutant (PAI-1AK) did not facilitate cell detachment or have an effect on cell migration. The effect on cell proliferation was minimal. Additionally, both SM20 and WT15 promoted tube formation on matrigel that was supplemented with vitronectin, thereby reversing the PAI-1's inhibition of tube formation. Collectively, results from this study show that SM20 and WT15 bind to the PAI-1's vitronectin binding site and interfere with its effect on cell migration, adhesion, and tube formation. By promoting smooth muscle and endothelial cell migration, these aptamers can potentially eliminate the adverse effects of elevated PAI-1 levels in the pathogenesis of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Brandal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charlene M. Blake
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bruce A. Sullenger
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yolanda M. Fortenberry
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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