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Jeong Y, Lee SY, In SK, Choi M, Eun S. Gene Ex Vivo Transduction Effects on Flap Survival and MicroRNAs Expression Analysis in Rat Allotransplantation Model. Transplant Proc 2024; 56:715-720. [PMID: 38365512 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of noninvasive biomarkers for graft rejection remains a challenge for the accurate monitoring of vascularized composite allotransplants. Viral vector-mediated gene transfer is a promising method for preventing graft rejection. In this study, we aimed to establish the expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in skin flap allotransplantation, with or without gene transfer, and determine the potential role of several miRNAs as biomarkers of acute rejection and immune tolerance. METHODS An abdominal epigastric flap was transplanted from SD (RT1a) to Wistar rats (RT1Au). The adenoviral interleukin 10 (vIL-10) gene was transferred to the experimental group via flap pedicle injection. Postoperatively, flap appearance, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and miRNA expression analyses were performed. RESULTS The viral IL-10 gene-treated group showed improved flap survival and reduced acute rejection response compared with the control group. On postoperative day 7, IL-10 expression in the flap was identified using immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of miR-191a, miR-31a, miR-16, and miR-3473 was upregulated in the skin tissue, and that of miR-484, miR-132, miR-139, miR-150, and miR-6216 was upregulated in the serum. CONCLUSION AV IL-10 gene transfer could be an effective immunosuppressive strategy for the prevention of skin flap allograft rejection. Additionally, some miRNAs were upregulated in the experimental group, serving as potential biomarkers of immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjin Jeong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Yeon Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea
| | - Seok Kyung In
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea
| | - Miso Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea
| | - Seokchan Eun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea.
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2
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Gaál Z. Role of microRNAs in Immune Regulation with Translational and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1942. [PMID: 38339220 PMCID: PMC10856342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19-23 nucleotide long, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this review, involvement of miRNAs is summarized in the differentiation and function of immune cells, in anti-infective immune responses, immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases. Roles of miRNAs in anticancer immunity and in the transplantation of solid organs and hematopoietic stem cells are also discussed. Major focus is put on the translational clinical applications of miRNAs, including the establishment of noninvasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. Patient selection and response prediction to biological therapy is one of the most promising fields of application. Replacement or inhibition of miRNAs has enormous therapeutic potential, with constantly expanding possibilities. Although important challenges still await solutions, evaluation of miRNA fingerprints may contribute to an increasingly personalized management of immune dysregulation with a remarkable reduction in toxicity and treatment side effects. More detailed knowledge of the molecular effects of physical exercise and nutrition on the immune system may facilitate self-tailored lifestyle recommendations and advances in prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gaál
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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3
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Wadhawan M, Gupta C. Immunosuppression Monitoring-What Clinician Needs to Know? J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:691-697. [PMID: 37440936 PMCID: PMC10333948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is well known for its immunotolerance, but rejection without immunosuppression is frequently encountered post liver transplantation, especially in humans.1 Indeed, the amount of immunosuppression required post liver transplant is less compared to other organ transplants like kidney, heart, and intestine.2 Reports of successful weaning of immunosuppression have been reported but are not practiced for fear of unwanted alloimmune response leading to rejection. Life-long immunosuppression is needed in most patients for graft survival but is associated with side effects like renal dysfunction, metabolic abnormalities, or risk of de novo malignancies. Also, the appropriate dose of immunosuppression to achieve adequate graft function and prevention of toxicities is very important. One shoe does not fit all. There are significant individual variations in response and side effect profile. Also, the level of immunosuppression varies with the underlying liver disease like autoimmune disease requires higher immunosuppression. Thus, monitoring the adequate immunosuppression with the minimization of drug toxicity is imperative post-transplant. Unfortunately, the current methods for immunosuppression monitoring rely on testing the immunosuppressive drug levels rather than the immune system activity. We have discussed the concept of alloreactivity, available methods of immunosuppression and drug monitoring and investigational methods in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manav Wadhawan
- Institute of Digestive & Liver Diseases, BLK Superspeciality Hospital Delhi, India
| | - Charu Gupta
- Institute of Digestive & Liver Diseases, BLK Superspeciality Hospital Delhi, India
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4
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Cao ZR, Zheng WX, Jiang YX, Chai H, Gong JH, Zhao MJ, Yan P, Liu YY, Liu XY, Huang ZT, Yang H, Peng DD, Zong KZ, Wu ZJ. miR-449a ameliorates acute rejection after liver transplantation via targeting procollagen-lysine1,2-oxoglutarate5-dioxygenase 1 in macrophages. Am J Transplant 2023; 23:336-352. [PMID: 36695693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute rejection (AR) is an important factor that leads to poor prognosis after liver transplantation (LT). Macrophage M1-polarization is an important mechanism in AR development. MicroRNAs play vital roles in disease regulation; however, their effects on macrophages and AR remain unclear. In this study, rat models of AR were established following LT, and macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from rats and humans, respectively. We found miR-449a expression to be significantly reduced in macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Overexpression of miR-449a not only inhibited the M1-polarization of macrophages in vitro but also improved the AR of transplant in vivo. The mechanism involved inhibiting the noncanonical nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway. We identified procollagen-lysine1,2-oxoglutarate5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) as a target gene of miR-449a, which could reverse miR-449a's inhibition of macrophage M1-polarization, amelioration of AR, and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Overall, miR-449a inhibited the NF-κB pathway in macrophages through PLOD1 and also inhibited the M1-polarization of macrophages, thus attenuating AR after LT. In conclusion, miR-449a and PLOD1 may be new targets for the prevention and mitigation of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Rui Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei-Xiong Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Chai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Hua Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min-Jie Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Yao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Ya Liu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zuo-Tian Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da-Di Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ke-Zhen Zong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Jun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Circulating MicroRNAs as Cancer Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1385:23-73. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08356-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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6
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Huang A, Guo DZ, Wang YP, Yang GH, Sun QM, Zhang X, He YF, Song K, Huang XW, Yang XR, Fan J, Zhou J, Hu J. Plasma MicroRNA Panel Predicts Early Tumor Recurrence in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation. J Cancer 2021; 12:7190-7200. [PMID: 34729120 PMCID: PMC8558660 DOI: 10.7150/jca.59612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the role of plasma microRNA panel (miR-122, miR-192, miR-21, miR-223, miR-26a, miR-27a and miR-801) for prediction and surveillance of early tumor recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who had undergone liver transplantation (LT). Methods: The expression of plasma microRNA panel was assayed in 193 HCC patients (training cohort, n =151; validation cohort, n = 42). Sensitivity and specificity for detecting post-transplant HCC recurrence, and the relationship of microRNA panel expression with clinical characteristics were analyzed accordingly. The prognostic value of microRNA panel was compared with that of AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) and DCP (Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin). Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate independent prognostic factors. Results: In the training cohort, the rate of positive plasma microRNA panel status at 7-14 days after LT (late phase; 44.2%) decreased than that before (76.2%, P < 0.001) and 1-6 days after LT (early phase; 78.5%, P < 0.001). At late phase, positive microRNA panel status correlated with higher early tumor recurrence rate (one year after LT) than negative status (45.9% vs 10.7%; P < 0.001). Patients with persistent positive microRNA panel status both before and after LT had the highest early tumor recurrence rate in this cohort (54.9%, P < 0.001). The results were consistent in the validation cohort. Cox regression analysis found that positive plasma microRNA panel status at late phase was the only independent risk factor for early recurrence (HR: 4.903, 95% CI = 2.195 - 10.951; P < 0.001). Dynamic monitoring demonstrated plasma microRNA panel status changed from negative to positive earlier than AFP and DCP upon recurrence, and the median time between positivity of plasma microRNA and imaging evidence of recurrence was 2.4 (0.5-10.0) months. Conclusions: Plasma microRNA panel could be a noninvasive biomarker for prediction and surveillance of early tumor recurrence in HCC patients who have undergone LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - De-Zhen Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guo-Huan Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Man Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Feng He
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kang Song
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Wu Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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7
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Kennel PJ, Yahi A, Naka Y, Mancini DM, Marboe CC, Max K, Akat K, Tuschl T, Vasilescu EM, Zorn E, Tatonetti NP, Schulze PC. Longitudinal profiling of circulating miRNA during cardiac allograft rejection: a proof-of-concept study. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1840-1849. [PMID: 33713567 PMCID: PMC8120386 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Allograft rejection following heart transplantation (HTx) is a serious complication even in the era of modern immunosuppressive regimens and causes up to a third of early deaths after HTx. Allograft rejection is mediated by a cascade of immune mechanisms leading to acute cellular rejection (ACR) and/or antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). The gold standard for monitoring allograft rejection is invasive endomyocardial biopsy that exposes patients to complications. Little is known about the potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers to detect cardiac allograft rejection. We here present a systematic analysis of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers and predictors for allograft rejection after HTx using next-generation small RNA sequencing. METHODS AND RESULTS We used next-generation small RNA sequencing to investigate circulating miRNAs among HTx recipients (10 healthy controls, 10 heart failure patients, 13 ACR, and 10 AMR). MiRNA profiling was performed at different time points before, during, and after resolution of the rejection episode. We found three miRNAs with significantly increased serum levels in patients with biopsy-proven cardiac rejection when compared with patients without rejection: hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-151a-5p, and hsa-miR-186-5p. We identified miRNAs that may serve as potential predictors for the subsequent development of ACR: hsa-miR-29c-3p (ACR) and hsa-miR-486-5p (AMR). Overall, hsa-miR-486-5p was most strongly associated with acute rejection episodes. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring cardiac allograft rejection using circulating miRNAs might represent an alternative strategy to invasive endomyocardial biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Kennel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Medicine I, Division of CardiologyUniversity Hospital of Friedrich Schiller University JenaAm Klinikum 1Jena07747Germany
| | - Alexandre Yahi
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Systems BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | | | - Charles C. Marboe
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Klaas Max
- Laboratory of RNA Molecular BiologyRockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Kemal Akat
- Laboratory of RNA Molecular BiologyRockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Thomas Tuschl
- Laboratory of RNA Molecular BiologyRockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - Emmanuel Zorn
- Columbia Center for Translational ImmunologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Nicholas P. Tatonetti
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Systems BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Paul Christian Schulze
- Department of Medicine I, Division of CardiologyUniversity Hospital of Friedrich Schiller University JenaAm Klinikum 1Jena07747Germany
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8
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A High-Accuracy Model Based on Plasma miRNAs Diagnoses Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Single Center with 1001 Samples. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040610. [PMID: 33805513 PMCID: PMC8066692 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly malignant cancer. More than 70% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma miR-21, miR-122, and CA19-9, hoping to establish a novel model to improve the accuracy for diagnosing iCCA. Materials and methods: Plasma miR-21 and miR-122 were detected in 359 iCCA patients and 642 controls (healthy, benign liver lesions, other malignant liver tumors). All 1001 samples were allocated to training cohort (n = 668) and validation cohort (n = 333) in a chronological order. A logistic regression model was applied to combine these markers. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as an accuracy index to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Results: Plasma miR-21 and miR-122 were significantly higher in iCCA patients than those in controls. Higher plasma miR-21 level was significantly correlated with larger tumor size (p = 0.030). A three-marker model was constructed by using miR-21, miR-122 and CA19-9, which showed an AUC of 0.853 (95% CI: 0.824–0.879; sensitivity: 73.0%, specificity: 87.4%) to differentiate iCCA from controls. These results were subsequently confirmed in the validation cohort with an AUC of 0.866 (0.825–0.901). The results were similar for diagnosing early (stages 0–I) iCCA patients (AUC: 0.848) and CA19-9negative iCCA patients (AUC: 0.795). Conclusions: We established a novel three-marker model with a high accuracy based on a large number of participants to differentiate iCCA from controls. This model showed a great clinical value especially for the diagnosis of early iCCA and CA19-9negative iCCA.
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9
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Fernández AR, Sánchez-Tarjuelo R, Cravedi P, Ochando J, López-Hoyos M. Review: Ischemia Reperfusion Injury-A Translational Perspective in Organ Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228549. [PMID: 33202744 PMCID: PMC7696417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thanks to the development of new, more potent and selective immunosuppressive drugs together with advances in surgical techniques, organ transplantation has emerged from an experimental surgery over fifty years ago to being the treatment of choice for many end-stage organ diseases, with over 139,000 organ transplants performed worldwide in 2019. Inherent to the transplantation procedure is the fact that the donor organ is subjected to blood flow cessation and ischemia during harvesting, which is followed by preservation and reperfusion of the organ once transplanted into the recipient. Consequently, ischemia/reperfusion induces a significant injury to the graft with activation of the immune response in the recipient and deleterious effect on the graft. The purpose of this review is to discuss and shed new light on the pathways involved in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) that act at different stages during the donation process, surgery, and immediate post-transplant period. Here, we present strategies that combine various treatments targeted at different mechanistic pathways during several time points to prevent graft loss secondary to the inflammation caused by IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Renaldo Fernández
- Immunology, Universitary Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla- Research Institute IDIVAL Santander, 390008 Santander, Spain;
| | - Rodrigo Sánchez-Tarjuelo
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (R.S.-T.); (J.O.)
- Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (R.S.-T.); (J.O.)
- Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - Marcos López-Hoyos
- Immunology, Universitary Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla- Research Institute IDIVAL Santander, 390008 Santander, Spain;
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-942-292759
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10
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Kohut TJ, Barandiaran JF, Keating BJ. Genomics and Liver Transplantation: Genomic Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Acute Cellular Rejection. Liver Transpl 2020; 26:1337-1350. [PMID: 32506790 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is a common complication in liver transplantation recipients (LTRs), especially within the first 12 months, and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although abnormalities in standard liver biochemistries may raise the clinical suspicion for ACR, it lacks specificity, and invasive liver biopsies, which are associated with numerous risks, are required for definitive diagnoses. Biomarker discovery for minimally invasive tools for diagnosis and prognostication of ACR after liver transplantation (LT) has become a rapidly evolving field of research with a recent shift in focus to omics-based biomarker discovery. Although none are yet ready to replace the standard of care, there are several promising minimally invasive, blood-derived biomarkers that are under intensive research for the diagnosis of ACR in LTRs. These omics-based biomarkers, encompassing DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites, hold tremendous potential. Some are likely to become integrated into ACR diagnostic algorithms to assist clinical decision making with a high degree of accuracy that is cost-effective and reduces or even obviates the need for an invasive liver biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisa J Kohut
- Penn Transplant Institute, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jose F Barandiaran
- Department of General Surgery, Main Line Health System, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA
| | - Brendan J Keating
- Penn Transplant Institute, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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11
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Azparren-Angulo M, Royo F, Gonzalez E, Liebana M, Brotons B, Berganza J, Goñi-de-Cerio F, Manicardi N, Abad-Jordà L, Gracia-Sancho J, Falcon-Perez JM. Extracellular vesicles in hepatology: Physiological role, involvement in pathogenesis, and therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 218:107683. [PMID: 32961265 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the first descriptions of hepatocyte-released exosome-like vesicles in 2008, the number of publications describing Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) released by liver cells in the context of hepatic physiology and pathology has grown exponentially. This growing interest highlights both the importance that cell-to-cell communication has in the organization of multicellular organisms from a physiological point of view, as well as the opportunity that these circulating organelles offer in diagnostics and therapeutics. In the present review, we summarize systematically and comprehensively the myriad of works that appeared in the last decade and lighted the discussion about the best opportunities for using EVs in liver disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Azparren-Angulo
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain
| | - Felix Royo
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Esperanza Gonzalez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain
| | - Marc Liebana
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain
| | - Bruno Brotons
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain
| | - Jesús Berganza
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Felipe Goñi-de-Cerio
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico, Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nicoló Manicardi
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Unit, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Abad-Jordà
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Unit, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Unit, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain; Hepatology, Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital & University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juan M Falcon-Perez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia 48160, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia 48015, Spain.
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12
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Di Stefano AB, Pappalardo M, Moschella F, Cordova A, Toia F. MicroRNAs in solid organ and vascularized composite allotransplantation: Potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic use. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2020; 34:100566. [PMID: 32682704 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2020.100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, solid organ transplantation (SOT) is an established treatment for patients with end-organ dysfunction, which dramatically improves the quality-of-life. Vascularized composite allotransplants (VCAs) including hand and face have been reported worldwide over the last 20 years. However, VCAs, differently to SOT, are life-enhancing instead of life-saving and are not routinely performed due to the risk of immune rejection and the adverse effects of immunosuppression. Over the past decade, although considerable improvements in short-term outcomes after allotransplantation have been registered, these results have not been translated into major progress in long-term allograft acceptance and patient survival. Recently active researches in the field of biomarker discovery have been conducted to develop individualized therapies for allograft recipients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small noncoding RNAs functioning as critical regulators of gene and protein expression by RNA interference. They have been connected in numerous biological processes and diseases. Due to their immunomodulatory functions, miRNAs have been amended as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the detection of rejection in allotransplantation. Due to their specific circulating expression profile, they could act as noninvasive predictive tools for rejection that may help clinicians in an early adjustment of the immunosuppression protocol during acute rejections episodes. Indeed, specific anti-sense oligonucleotides suppressing miRNAs expressed in rejection could reduce the rejection rate in allografts and decrease the use of immunosuppressants. We present a literature review of the immunomodulatory properties and characteristics of miRNAs. We will summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs as potential biomarkers for allograft rejection and possible application in allotransplantation monitoring. Finally, we will discuss the advances in preclinical miRNA-based therapies for immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barbara Di Stefano
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Marco Pappalardo
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moschella
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Adriana Cordova
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca Toia
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy.
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13
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Hu ZQ, Lu Y, Cui D, Ma CY, Shao S, Chen P, Tao R, Wang JJ. MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in liver surgery: Diagnostic and therapeutic merits. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2020; 19:218-228. [PMID: 32414577 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatectomy and liver transplantation (LT) are the two most commonly performed surgical procedures for various hepatic lesions. microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have been gradually unveiled their roles as either biomarkers for early diagnosis or potentially therapeutic tools to manipulate gene expression in many disease entities. This review aimed to discuss the effects of miRNA or lncRNA in the hepatectomy and LT fields. DATA SOURCES We did a literature search from 1990 through January 2018 to summarize the currently available evidence with respect to the effects of miRNA and lncRNA in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, as well as their involvement in several key issues related to LT, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, allograft rejection, tolerance, recurrence of original hepatic malignancies, etc. RESULTS: Certain miRNAs and lncRNAs are actively involved in the regulation of various aspects of liver resection and transplantation. During the process of liver regeneration after hepatectomy, the expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs shows dynamic changes. CONCLUSIONS It is now clear that miRNAs and lncRNAs orchestrate in various aspects of the pathophysiological process of LT and hepatectomy. Better understanding of the underlying mechanism and future clinical trials may strengthen their positions as either biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets in the management of complications after liver surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiu Hu
- Department of Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China; Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China; Center for Clinical Medical Research, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Clinical Medical Research, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chen-Yang Ma
- Center for Clinical Medical Research, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Su Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an 1st People's Hospital, Hangzhou 311700, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaoxing 2nd Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China; Center for Clinical Medical Research, Affiliated Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical School, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chun'an 1st People's Hospital, Hangzhou 311700, China.
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14
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Li S, Oh BC, Chu C, Arnold A, Jablonska A, Furtmüller GJ, Qin HM, Boltze J, Magnus T, Ludewig P, Janowski M, Brandacher G, Walczak P. Induction of immunological tolerance to myelinogenic glial-restricted progenitor allografts. Brain 2020; 142:3456-3472. [PMID: 31529023 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological barrier currently precludes the clinical utilization of allogeneic stem cells. Although glial-restricted progenitors have become attractive candidates to treat a wide variety of neurological diseases, their survival in immunocompetent recipients is limited. In this study, we adopted a short-term, systemically applicable co-stimulation blockade-based strategy using CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD154 antibodies to modulate T-cell activation in the context of allogeneic glial-restricted progenitor transplantation. We found that co-stimulation blockade successfully prevented rejection of allogeneic glial-restricted progenitors from immunocompetent mouse brains. The long-term engrafted glial-restricted progenitors myelinated dysmyelinated adult mouse brains within one month. Furthermore, we identified a set of plasma miRNAs whose levels specifically correlated to the dynamic changes of immunoreactivity and as such could serve as biomarkers for graft rejection or tolerance. We put forward a successful strategy to induce alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness towards stem cells in the CNS, which will foster effective therapeutic application of allogeneic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Li
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Byoung Chol Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chengyan Chu
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antje Arnold
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Jablonska
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg J Furtmüller
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua-Min Qin
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Tim Magnus
- Neurology Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Ludewig
- Neurology Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirosław Janowski
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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15
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Ge Y, Mu W, Ba Q, Li J, Jiang Y, Xia Q, Wang H. Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes in organotropic metastasis, recurrence and early diagnosis application. Cancer Lett 2020; 477:41-48. [PMID: 32112905 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, despite improvements in the clinical trial and diagnosis, HCC still remains high mortality due to the 70% recurrence and lung metastasis after surgical resection. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles, which are shuttled from donor cells to recipient cells, contributing to the recruitment and reprogramming of constituents via an autocrine or paracrine fashion. HCC derived exosomes could redirect metastasis of tumor cells which lack the capacity to metastasize to a specific organ via generating pre-metastatic niche. These findings emphasize a practical and potentially feasible role of exosomes in the treatment of patients with HCC, both as a target and a vehicle for drug design. We herein summarize recent findings that implicate oncogenes and non-canonical signaling of HCC exosomes, as well as the impact of exosomal bioactive molecules in high recurrence induced by organ-specific metastasis. The aim of review is to illustrate the underlying mechanism of exosomes in tumor metastasis, immune evasion, and the potential application of prognostic biomarker in HCC process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Organ Transplantation Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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16
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Teksoy O, Sahinturk V, Cengiz M, İnal B, Ayhancı A. The Protective Effects of Silymarin on Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Damage: Measurement of miR-122, miR-192, and miR-194 Levels. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 191:528-539. [PMID: 31811641 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the protective effects of silymarin (Sm) in thioacetamide (TAA)-related liver damage. What makes this study special is that it attempts to determine the expression of changes in the liver at the level of gene expression. Routine liver damage markers were compared with changes in the levels of microRNA (miRNA) known as new biomarkers. With this in mind, we divided the rats into four groups including control, TAA, Sm + TAA (50 + 50 mg/kg), and Sm + TAA (100 + 50 mg/kg). Blood and tissue samples belonging to the rats were collected in consideration of morphological, immunohistochemistry, miRNAs levels, and biochemical evaluations. Our study results showed that miR-122, miR-192, and miR-194 levels had decreased in the experimental groups given TAA, whereas miR-122, miR-192, and miR-194 levels had increased in the doses of Sm + TAA-given group. Therefore, Sm treatment undertaken before exposure to the toxin successfully altered its effects upon the study animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgun Teksoy
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Varol Sahinturk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cengiz
- Faculty of Education, Department of Elementary Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey.
| | - Behcet İnal
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Adnan Ayhancı
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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17
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Wang H, Li X, Li T, Wang L, Wu X, Liu J, Xu Y, Wei W. Multiple roles of microRNA-146a in immune responses and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5033-5042. [PMID: 31612014 PMCID: PMC6781720 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), consisting of ~22 nucleotides of single-stranded RNA, participate in post-transcriptional gene regulation by binding to the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs, repressing their translation and promoting their degradation. Studies have shown that certain miRNAs play a key role in the control of various cellular activities, such as inhibiting inflammation, modulating cell differentiation and suppressing cancer growth. The role of miR-146a in the immune response and in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has also been investigated. Although some studies have shown that increased miR-146a levels are associated with HCC, others have revealed that miR-146a suppresses cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling has an important role in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition, TLR4 is functionally expressed in HCC cells and promotes HCC cell proliferation, which can be regulated by miR-146a. The present review focuses on the recent progress in analyzing the multiple roles of miR-146a in mediating the TLR4 pathway and adaptive immune response. Finally, the function of miR-146a in the pathogenesis of HCC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Lianzi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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18
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Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion: A Simple and Effective Method to Modulate the Immune Response in Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2019; 103:e128-e136. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Oda H, Ikeguchi R, Aoyama T, Ohta S, Noguchi T, Kaizawa Y, Yurie H, Takeuchi H, Mitsuzawa S, Yamamoto K, Matsuda S. Relative antigenicity of components in vascularized composite allotransplants: An experimental study of microRNAs expression in rat hind limb transplantation model. Microsurgery 2018; 39:340-348. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.30408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Oda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Tomoki Aoyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Souichi Ohta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Noguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Tango Central Hospital; Kyotango Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Kaizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yurie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hisataka Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Sadaki Mitsuzawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences; Doshisha University; Kyotango Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
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20
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Roat R, Hossain MM, Christopherson J, Free C, Guay C, Regazzi R, Guo Z. Circulating miRNA-150-5p is associated with immune-mediated early β-cell loss in a humanized mouse model. Xenotransplantation 2018; 26:e12474. [PMID: 30461074 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression levels are associated with various graft rejections. We used our humanized mouse model with transplanted human islets to identify miRNAs in islet grafts related to xenograft rejection and circulating miRNAs associated with xenograft rejection-mediated β-cell loss. METHODS Diabetic immunodeficient NOD.scid mice were transplanted with human islets and subsequently achieved stable normoglycemia. Lymphocytes from NOD mice were then adoptively transferred to the humanized mice to induce human β-cell destruction. Islet graft and plasma were collected immediately once blood glucose reached >200 mg/dL. miRNAs in the islet grafts and in the plasma with or without adoptive lymphocyte transfer (ALT) were measured using NanoString nCounter® miRNA Expression Assay and qPCR. RESULTS A set of immune-related miRNAs was significantly increased in human islet grafts of ALT-treated mice compared to control mice. Of these miRNAs, miR-150-5p was significantly increased in the circulation of ALT-treated mice at tissue collection and the increase was a result of immune activation rather than simply the presence of lymphocytes in circulation. Furthermore, miR-150-5p was significantly increased in human islet graft and circulation prior to the development of hyperglycemia in the ALT-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that immune-related miRNAs are associated with human islet xenograft rejection in mice. miR-150-5p is increased in human islet graft and in the circulation during islet xenograft rejection and β-cell destruction prior to hyperglycemia and may be an early biomarker for islet xenograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan Roat
- Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | | | | | | | - Claudiane Guay
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.,Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
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21
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Wang G, Cheng Y, Liu Y. Comprehensive Evaluation of a Donated After Circulatory Death (DCD) Donor Liver Model in Minipigs. Ann Transplant 2018; 23:758-766. [PMID: 30374013 PMCID: PMC6248047 DOI: 10.12659/aot.911072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Graft livers from donors after death from circulatory disease (DCD) often suffer injury from severe ischemia or hypoxia before resection. Thus, earlier evaluation of these livers is critical for the survival of recipients. Material/Methods In our study, 18 minipigs, as DCD donor liver models, were evenly divided into a warm ischemia time (WIT) group and a hypoxia plus ischemia group. Another 18 minipigs served as recipients and were implanted with the donor livers of the DCD models. miR-122 levels and hepatic function were examined before and after liver transplantation. Results Results indicated that increased miR-122 levels appeared in the early stages of ischemia and hypoxia. Increases in ALT and GGT levels occurred earlier than changes in TBil. Conclusions The expression levels of miR-122 in donor liver might play a role in the evaluation of organ injury. Changes in donor liver functions were more sensitive to ischemia than hypoxia in this established porcine DCD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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22
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Solé C, Arnaiz E, Lawrie CH. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of B-cell Lymphoma. Biomark Insights 2018; 13:1177271918806840. [PMID: 30349178 PMCID: PMC6195009 DOI: 10.1177/1177271918806840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphomas represent a diverse group of neoplasms classified primarily by histopatholgy and are often challenging to accurately diagnose. Despite having been recognized less than 20 years ago, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as one of the most promising class of cancer molecular biomarkers and are particularly attractive as they can be readily detected in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy material and biological fluids such as blood. Many of the identified B-cell lymphoma miRNA biomarkers also play crucial regulatory roles in normal B-cell development. Below we consider the identity, function, and biomarker potential of miRNAs in B-cell lymphoma and most importantly the barriers that remain to be overcome if they are really to become part of routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Solé
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Esther Arnaiz
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.,Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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23
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Jayant K, Reccia I, Shapiro AMJ. Normothermic ex-vivo liver perfusion: where do we stand and where to reach? Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12:1045-1058. [PMID: 30064278 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1505499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays liver transplantation is considered as the treatment of choice, however, the scarcity of suitable donor organs limits the delivery of care to the end-stage liver disease patients leading to the death while on the waiting list. The advent of ex-situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has emerged as an alternative to the standard organ preservation technique, static cold storage (SCS). The newer technique promises to not only restore the normal metabolic activity but also attempt to recondition the marginal livers back to the pristine state, which are otherwise more susceptible to ischemic injury and foster the poor post-transplant outcomes. Areas covered: An extensive search of all the published literature describing the role of NMP based device in liver transplantation as an alternative to SCS was made on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, BIOSIS, Crossref, Scopus databases and clinical trial registry on 10 May 2018. Expert commentary: The main tenet of NMP is the establishment of the physiological milieu, which permits aerobic metabolism to continue through out the period of preservation and limits the effects of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. In addition, by assessing the various metabolic and synthetic parameters the viability and suitability of donor livers for transplantation can be determined. This important technological advancement has scored satisfactorily on the safety and efficacy parameters in preliminary clinical studies. The present review suggests that NMP can offer the opportunity to assess and safely utilize the marginal donor livers if deemed appropriate for the transplantation. However, ongoing trials will determine its full potential and further adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Jayant
- a Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Isabella Reccia
- a Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , London , UK
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24
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Jiang JW, Ren ZG, Lu HF, Zhang H, Li A, Cui GY, Jia JJ, Xie HY, Chen XH, He Y, Jiang L, Li LJ. Optimal immunosuppressor induces stable gut microbiota after liver transplantation. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3871-3883. [PMID: 30228781 PMCID: PMC6141331 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i34.3871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the influence of different doses of tacrolimus (FK506) on gut microbiota after liver transplantation (LT) in rats.
METHODS Specific pathogen-free Brown Norway (BN) rats and Lewis rats were separated into five groups: (1) Tolerance group (BN-BN LT, n = 8); (2) rejection group (Lewis-BN LT, n = 8); (3) high dosage FK506 (FK506-H) group (Lewis-BN LT, n = 8); (4) middle dosage FK506 (FK506-M) group (Lewis-BN LT, n = 8); and (5) low dosage FK506 (FK506-L) group (Lewis-BN LT, n = 8). FK506 was administered to recipients at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, and 0.1 mg/kg body weight for 29 d after LT to the FK506-H, FK506-M, and FK506-L groups, respectively. On the 30th day after LT, all rats were sampled and euthanized. Blood samples were harvested for liver function and plasma endotoxin testing. Hepatic graft and ileocecal tissues were collected for histopathology observation. Ileocecal contents were used for DNA extraction, Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and digital processing of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles and analysis.
RESULTS Compared to the FK506-H and FK506-L groups, FK506-M was optimal for maintaining immunosuppression and inducing normal graft function; the FK506-M maintained gut barrier integrity and low plasma endotoxin levels; furthermore, DGGE results showed that FK506-M induced stable gut microbiota. Diversity analysis indicated that FK506-M increased species richness and rare species abundance, and cluster analysis confirmed the stable gut microbiota induced by FK506-M. Phylogenetic tree analysis identified crucial bacteria associated with FK506-M; seven of the nine bacteria that were decreased corresponded to Bacteroidetes, while increased bacteria were of the Bifidobacterium species. FK506-M increased Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium spp. and decreased Bacteroides-Prevotella and Enterobacteriaceae, as assessed by RT-PCR, which confirmed the crucial bacterial alterations identified through DGGE.
CONCLUSION Compared to the low or high dosage of FK506, an optimal dosage of FK506 induced immunosuppression, normal graft function and stable gut microbiota following LT in rats. The stable gut microbiota presented increased probiotics and decreased potential pathogenic endotoxin-producing bacteria. These findings provide a novel strategy based on gut microbiota for immunosuppressive dosage assessment for recipients following LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wen Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Health Management Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hai-Feng Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Guang-Ying Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun-Jun Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Yang Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Hua Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lan-Juan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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25
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Zhu A, Leto A, Shaked A, Keating B. Immunologic Monitoring to Personalize Immunosuppression After Liver Transplant. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2018; 47:281-296. [PMID: 29735024 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Although immunosuppressive drugs have enhanced patient outcomes in transplantation, the liver transplant community has made significant research efforts into the discovery of more accurate and precise methods of posttransplant monitoring and diagnosing. Current research in biomarkers reveals many promising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Zhu
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Penn Transplant Institute, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Two Dulles Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexandra Leto
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Penn Transplant Institute, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Two Dulles Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abraham Shaked
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Penn Transplant Institute, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Two Dulles Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Brendan Keating
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Penn Transplant Institute, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Two Dulles Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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26
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Janszky N, Süsal C. Circulating and urinary microRNAs as possible biomarkers in kidney transplantation. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2017; 32:110-118. [PMID: 29366537 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Janszky
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Caner Süsal
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Wu XQ, Yan TZ, Wang ZW, Wu X, Cao GH, Zhang C. BM-MSCs-derived microvesicles promote allogeneic kidney graft survival through enhancing micro-146a expression of dendritic cells. Immunol Lett 2017; 191:55-62. [PMID: 28963073 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microvesicles (MVs) are plasmalemmal vesicles that are released from various cells and regarded as a mediator of intermolecular communication. In present study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs)-derived MVs in the mice kidney transplant model and explored the underlying mechanism. METHODS BM-MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and identified using flow cytometry. In vivo allogenic kidney transplantation model of mice was performed between C57BL/6 mice (recipient) and BALB/c mice (donor). Recipient-type BM-MSC (0.1ml) or equal volume of medium as a control was injected i.v. 24h after kidney transplantation. Serum was collected for creatinine concentration detection at 14 d after transplantation. Dendritic cells (DCs) phenotype and miR-146a expression level in plant was identified. Immature DCs (iDCs) and mature DCs (mDCs) were derived from monocytes. MVs were separated from BM-MSCs. RESULTS BM-MSCs positive for CD29 (95.8%) and CD44 (94.7%) were cultured and confirmed to prolong the allogenic kidney graft survival in mice. Importantly, the expression of miR-146a increased significantly in DCs of BM-MSCs-treated allogenic kidney. Moreover, both BM-MSCs and MVs derived from BM-MSCs enhanced miR-146a expression in iDCs and mDCs in vitro. Furthermore, MVs substantially reduced IL-12 mRNA expression and IL-12 production of mDCs whereas this action was reversed by miR-146a silencing. MiR-146a silencing also abrogated the MVs-induced decrease in serum creatinine, reduction of immature DCs phenotype in transplant and increase in miR-146a expression level. CONCLUSION In summary, our data suggested that the BM-MSCs-derived MVs improved allogenic kidney transplantation survival through inhibiting DCs maturity by miR-146a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiang Wu
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Tian-Zhong Yan
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guang-Hui Cao
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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28
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Oda H, Ikeguchi R, Aoyama T, Ohta S, Noguchi T, Kaizawa Y, Yurie H, Takeuchi H, Yamamoto K, Matsuda S. MicroRNAs are potential objective and early biomarkers for acute rejection of transplanted limbs in a rat model. Microsurgery 2017; 37:930-936. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.30236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Oda
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Tomoki Aoyama
- Department of Physical TherapyHuman Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Souichi Ohta
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Noguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Kaizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yurie
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Hisataka Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life and Medical SciencesDoshisha UniversityKyotanabe, Kyoto Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto Japan
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Abstract
Organ damage and resulting pathologies often involve multiple deregulated pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that regulate a multitude of genes at the post-transcriptional level. Since their discovery over two decades ago, miRNAs have been established as key players in the molecular mechanisms of mammalian biology including the maintenance of normal homeostasis and the regulation of disease pathogenesis. In recent years, there has been substantial progress in innovative techniques to measure miRNAs along with advances in targeted delivery of agents modulating their expression. This has expanded the scope of miRNAs from being important mediators of cell signaling to becoming viable quantitative biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Currently, miRNA therapeutics are in clinical trials for multiple disease areas and vast numbers of patents have been filed for miRNAs involved in various pathological states. In this review, we summarize miRNAs involved in organ injury and repair, specifically with regard to organs that are the most susceptible to injury: the liver, heart and kidney. In addition, we review the current state of knowledge on miRNA biology, miRNA biomarkers and nucleotide-based therapeutics designed to target miRNAs to prevent organ injury and promote repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory V Gerlach
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Room 562, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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30
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Guo S, Guo X, Wang S, Nie Q, Ni G, Wang C. Role of miR-29 as marker of risk of acute rejection after heart transplant. Br J Biomed Sci 2017; 74:187-192. [PMID: 28745139 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2017.1333265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating miRNAs are potential biomarkers of the pathogenesis of certain diseases and in monitoring therapeutic responses. We hypothesized that serum miR-29 can determine risk of acute cardiac allograft rejection. METHODS Peripheral vein blood was collected from 50 healthy volunteers and 506 patients during post-transplant surveillance. Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and miR-29 was detected by ELISA and qRT-PCR assay respectively. Rejection risk was defined as International Society of Heart and Lung Transplant score from leukocyte infiltration of an endomyocardial biopsy. No evidence of rejection was defined as grade R0, mild as R1, moderate as 2R and severe as 3R. Specificity and sensitivity of miR-29 to discriminate rejection was determined by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Correlations between miR29 and rejection grade were compared. RESULTS Serum miR-29 was 100.8 ± 42.4 copies/μl in R0 groups (P = 0.164 versus controls), 537.5 ± 84.3 copies/μl in R1 groups (P = 0.024) and 1478.4 ± 198.7 copies/μl in the joint R2/R3 groups (P = 0.001). MiR-29 was 1963.5 ± 214.7 six months after transplantation, 1242.5 ± 103.8 after a year, 825.6 ± 58.2 after 2 years, 413.8 ± 61.9 after 3 years and 270.6 ± 34.6 ng/mL after 4 years (P < 0.001). The level of miR-29 correlated positively with cTnI, NT-proBNP, white blood cell counts, and negatively with lymphocyte counts (all P < 0.001). The AUC values (95% CI) for discriminating R0 and R1 was 0.81 (0.75-0.89), and was 0.79 (0.72-0.86) for R0 and R2/R3 (both P < 0.01). CONCLUSION miR-29 is a promising predictor of the risk of heart transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guo
- a Department of Clinical Medicine , Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - X Guo
- b Departmentment of Anesthesia , Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science , Guangzhou , China
| | - S Wang
- b Departmentment of Anesthesia , Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science , Guangzhou , China
| | - Q Nie
- c State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease , Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - G Ni
- d Department of Heart Transplantation , The Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - C Wang
- e Department of Heart Transplantation , Wuhan Union Hospital , Wuhan , China
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31
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Zhou J, Huang A, Yang XR. Liquid Biopsy and its Potential for Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2017; 47:157-67. [PMID: 26969471 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-016-9801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We summarized the recent findings of liquid biopsy in cancer field and discussed its potential utility in hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Literature published in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Direct electronic databases was searched and reviewed. RESULTS Liquid biopsy specially referred to the detection of nucleic acids (circulating cell-free DNA, cfDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients. Compared to conventional single-site sampling or biopsy method, liquid biopsy had the advantages such as non-invasiveness, dynamic monitoring, and the most important of all, overcoming the limit of spatial and temporal heterogeneity. The genomic information of cancer could be profiled by genotyping cfDNA/CTC and subsequently applied to make molecular classification, targeted therapy guidance, and unveil drug resistance mechanisms. The serial sampling feature of liquid biopsy made it possible to monitor treatment response in a real-time manner and predict tumor metastasis/recurrence in advance. CONCLUSIONS Liquid biopsy is a non-invasive, dynamic, and informative sampling method with important clinical translational significance in cancer research and practice. Much work needs to be done before it is used in the management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Liver Surgery Department, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Ao Huang
- Liver Surgery Department, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Liver Surgery Department, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, China
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32
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Zou YF, Wen D, Zhao Q, Shen PY, Shi H, Zhao Q, Chen YX, Zhang W. Urinary MicroRNA-30c-5p and MicroRNA-192-5p as potential biomarkers of ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:657-667. [PMID: 28056546 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216685005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of acute kidney injury is difficult due to lack of known biomarkers; previous studies have tried to identify new biomarkers for detecting acute kidney injury at an early stage. MicroRNA, a 21-23 nucleotide noncoding RNA molecule, has emerged as a desirable marker in the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. This study aims to identify the expression profile of microRNA in ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury and determine the possibility of using the candidate microRNA as biomarker for the detection of I/R-induced kidney injury. Based on the established rat model of I/R-induced kidney injury, a microarray analysis of rat urine was performed at the beginning of operation (0 h) as well as 72 h post operation. To validate the results, urine samples from 71 patients who underwent cardiac surgery were collected, after which urinalysis was conducted to determine the microRNA concentration. An alternative expression profile of microRNAs was detected in rat urine. The quantitative validation of microRNA showed that the expression of miR-30c-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-378a-3p was elevated significantly in urine post operation, which was consistent with those of the microarray analysis and earlier than kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). In patients with acute kidney injury, increased levels of miR-30c-5p and miR-192-5p were also detected 2 h post operation, and miR-30c-5p showed preferable diagnostic value compared with protein-based biomarkers. In conclusion, an aberrant expression profile of microRNA was detected in rat urine based on the established ischemia-reperfusion animal model. Both miR-30c-5p and miR-192-5p served as important potential diagnostic markers for I/R-induced kidney injury. Impact statement Firstly, one differentiating factor in our study is that the candidate miRNAs were screened in a controlled animal model rather than in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) to ensure the purity of the cause of disease and to avoid possible effects of comorbidities on the spectrum of urine miRNA. This ensured the presence of only the relevant candidate miRNA (that associated with I/R injury); and what's more, the alterative expression of miR-192-5p and miR-30c-5p in animal model, patients with AKI, and cell model was confirmed simultaneously, which is likely to be more convincing. Secondly, the candidate miRNAs were screened sequentially at regular time points, which covered the initiation, progression, and partial repair stages, thus ensuring that no significant miRNAs were omitted in the screening process, and miR-biomarkers in 2 h post operation showed preferable diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Zou
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Dan Wen
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Qian Zhao
- 2 Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Ping-Yan Shen
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Hao Shi
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- 3 Cardiovascular Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China Yan-Fang Zou and Dan Wen contributed equally to this work
| | - Yong-Xi Chen
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Wen Zhang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, PR China
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Nakano T, Chen IH, Goto S, Lai CY, Tseng HP, Hsu LW, Chiu KW, Lin CC, Wang CC, Cheng YF, Chen CL. Hepatic miR-301a as a Liver Transplant Rejection Biomarker? And Its Role for Interleukin-6 Production in Hepatocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:55-66. [PMID: 28271982 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2016.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakano
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shigeru Goto
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Fukuoka Institution of Occupational Health, Nobeoka, Japan
- Basic Medical Science of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane, Japan
| | - Chia-Yun Lai
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Peng Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Hsu
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - King-Wah Chiu
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Lin
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Wang
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fan Cheng
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Long Chen
- Division of Transplant immunology, Liver Transplantation Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Oda H, Ikeguchi R, Yurie H, Kaizawa Y, Ohta S, Yamamoto K, Aoyama T, Matsuda S. Plasma microRNAs Are Potential Biomarkers of Acute Rejection After Hindlimb Transplantation in Rats. Transplant Direct 2016; 2:e108. [PMID: 27826601 PMCID: PMC5096435 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of effective immunosuppressive regimens has resulted in many cases of successful hand transplantation. Visual skin inspection and histological evaluation are used to assess the rejection of hand transplants, but these methods are largely subjective. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for acute rejection in vascularized composite allotransplants. METHODS In allograft group, 7 male Brown-Norway rats (RT1n) were used as donors and 13 male Lewis rats (RT1l) were used as recipients. In control group, 8 Lewis rats were used as donors and recipients. The hindlimbs of donor rats were transplanted orthotopically to recipient rats. Skin changes were noted daily. Skin biopsies were obtained from 5 recipients and evaluated histologically. Plasma samples were obtained from the other 8 recipients before transplant and 7, 10, and 14 days posttransplant and used to measure miRNA expression. RESULTS Skin changes occurred at a mean of 11.0 days posttransplant. Rejection in most skin biopsies taken 7 and 10 days posttransplant was histologically classified as grade 0, whereas that in most biopsies taken 14 days posttransplant was classified as grade 3. We found that expression of miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 was significantly upregulated at 10 and 14 days posttransplant compared with that at 7 days posttransplant. In control group, there were no significant changes in plasma miRNAs expressions. CONCLUSIONS The upregulation of plasma miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 was detected before the histological evaluation methods could diagnose complete rejection in the rat hindlimb transplantation model. Plasma miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 may be potential biomarkers of acute rejection after vascularized composite allotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Oda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yurie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Kaizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yawata Central Hospital, Yawatagotanda, Japan
| | - Souichi Ohta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Research and Education Unit of Leaders for Integrated Medical System, Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Aoyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Ji X, Zhang Y, Ku T, Yun Y, Li G, Sang N. MicroRNA-338-5p modulates pulmonary hypertension-like injuries caused by SO 2, NO 2 and PM 2.5 co-exposure through targeting the HIF-1α/Fhl-1 pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:1548-1560. [PMID: 30090456 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00257a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of ambient air pollution is considered to be important in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common clinical manifestation of COPD. However, many studies have mainly focused on the adverse health effects of a single air pollutant, ignoring the combined toxicity of multiple pollutants. In the present study, we co-exposed mice to coal-burning air pollutants (SO2, NO2 and PM2.5), and confirmed PH-like injury occurrence by airflow limitation, marked abnormal endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, and histopathological and ultrastructural alteration. Global microRNA (miRNA) arrays identified three significantly changed miRNAs homologous with humans (miR-338-5p, miR-450b-3p and miR-142-5p), and we targeted miR-338-5p based on real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) validation. Furthermore, bioinformatic and dual-luciferase reporter gene analyses indicated that miR-338-5p bound to 3'-UTR of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) mRNA and down-regulation of miR-338-5p led to the increased expression of HIF-1α and its related gene four-and-a-half LIM (Lin-11, Isl-1 and Mec-3) domain 1 (Fhl-1) and contributed to PH. This study provides evidence for the role of miRNAs in PH through targeting HIF-1α/Fhl-1 pathway after air pollutants co-exposure and implies new insights into the molecular markers for COPD caused by air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource , Research Center of Environment and Health , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030006 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-351-7011932
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource , Research Center of Environment and Health , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030006 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-351-7011932
| | - Tingting Ku
- College of Environment and Resource , Research Center of Environment and Health , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030006 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-351-7011932
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Environment and Resource , Research Center of Environment and Health , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030006 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-351-7011932
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource , Research Center of Environment and Health , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030006 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-351-7011932
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource , Research Center of Environment and Health , Shanxi University , Taiyuan , Shanxi 030006 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-351-7011932
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Schmuck RB, Reutzel-Selke A, Raschzok N, Morgul HM, Struecker B, Lippert S, de Carvalho Fischer C, Schmelzle M, Boas-Knoop S, Bahra M, Pascher A, Pratschke J, Sauer IM. Bile: miRNA pattern and protein-based biomarkers may predict acute cellular rejection after liver transplantation. Biomarkers 2016; 22:19-27. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1201538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Roy S, Benz F, Alder J, Bantel H, Janssen J, Vucur M, Gautheron J, Schneider A, Schüller F, Loosen S, Luedde M, Koch A, Tacke F, Luedde T, Trautwein C, Roderburg C. Down-regulation of miR-192-5p protects from oxidative stress-induced acute liver injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1197-1207. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20160216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
miR-192-5p has gained increasing relevance in various diseases, however, its function in acute liver injury is currently unknown. We analysed miR-192-5p serum levels and hepatic miR-192-5p expression in mice after hepatic ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) as well as in toxic liver injury. On a functional level, miRNA levels were analysed in the different hepatic cell-compartments and in the context of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-dependent liver cell death. We detected increased serum levels of miR-192-5p after hepatic I/R- and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. miR-192-5p levels correlated with the degree of liver damage and the presence of hepatic cell death detected by TUNEL stainings (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick-end labelling stainings). Moreover, expression of miR-192-5p was increased in a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model of in vitro hepatocyte injury, supporting that the passive release of miR-192-5p represents a surrogate for hepatocyte death in liver injury. In critically ill patients, miR-192-5p levels were elevated selectively in patients with liver injury and closely correlated with the presence of hepatic injury. In contrast with up-regulated miR-192-5p in the serum, we detected a down-regulation of miR-192-5p in both injured mouse and human livers. Deregulation of miR-192-5p in livers was dependent on stimulation with TNF. Functional experiments confirmed a protective effect of down-regulation of miR-192-5p in hepatocytes, suggesting a role of miR-192-5p in limiting liver injury. Finally, we identified Zeb2, an important regulator of cell death, as a potential target gene mediating the function of miR-192-5p. Our data suggest that miR-192-5p is involved in the regulation of liver cell death during acute liver injury and might represent a potent marker of hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Roy
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Benz
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Alder
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joern Janssen
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeremie Gautheron
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Schneider
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Florian Schüller
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Loosen
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Luedde
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Raschzok N, Reutzel-Selke A, Schmuck RB, Tannus LM, Morgul MH, Dietel C, Leder A, Struecker B, Lippert S, Sallmon H, Schmelzle M, Bartels M, Jonas S, Pratschke J, Sauer IM. microRNA signatures in peripheral blood fail to detect acute cellular rejection after liver transplantation. Biomarkers 2016; 21:699-707. [DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2016.1172113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Raschzok
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Reutzel-Selke
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosa B. Schmuck
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura M. Tannus
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mehmet H. Morgul
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Corinna Dietel
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annekatrin Leder
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Struecker
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Lippert
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannes Sallmon
- Department of Neonatology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Schmelzle
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Bartels
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Jonas
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor M. Sauer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
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Larrea E, Sole C, Manterola L, Goicoechea I, Armesto M, Arestin M, Caffarel MM, Araujo AM, Araiz M, Fernandez-Mercado M, Lawrie CH. New Concepts in Cancer Biomarkers: Circulating miRNAs in Liquid Biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050627. [PMID: 27128908 PMCID: PMC4881453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective and efficient management of cancer patients relies upon early diagnosis and/or the monitoring of treatment, something that is often difficult to achieve using standard tissue biopsy techniques. Biological fluids such as blood hold great possibilities as a source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers that can act as surrogate markers to biopsy-based sampling. The non-invasive nature of these “liquid biopsies” ultimately means that cancer detection may be earlier and that the ability to monitor disease progression and/or treatment response represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer patients. Below, we review one of the most promising classes of circulating cancer biomarkers: microRNAs (miRNAs). In particular, we will consider their history, the controversy surrounding their origin and biology, and, most importantly, the hurdles that remain to be overcome if they are really to become part of future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Larrea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Carla Sole
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Lorea Manterola
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Ibai Goicoechea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Arestin
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María M Caffarel
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Angela M Araujo
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Araiz
- Hematology Department, Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | | | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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Rodríguez-Perálvarez M, Rico-Juri JM, Tsochatzis E, Burra P, De la Mata M, Lerut J. Biopsy-proven acute cellular rejection as an efficacy endpoint of randomized trials in liver transplantation: a systematic review and critical appraisal. Transpl Int 2016; 29:961-73. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodríguez-Perálvarez
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation; Reina Sofía University Hospital; IMIBIC; CIBERehd; Córdoba Spain
| | - Jose M. Rico-Juri
- Starzl Unit of Abdominal Transplantation; Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc; Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL); Brussels Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Tsochatzis
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health and Sheila Sherlock Liver Unit; Royal Free Hospital and UCL; London UK
| | - Patrizia Burra
- Multivisceral Transplant Unit Gastroenterology; Padova University Hospital; Padova Italy
| | - Manuel De la Mata
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation; Reina Sofía University Hospital; IMIBIC; CIBERehd; Córdoba Spain
| | - Jan Lerut
- Starzl Unit of Abdominal Transplantation; Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc; Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL); Brussels Belgium
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MicroRNA panels as disease biomarkers distinguishing hepatitis B virus infection caused hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15026. [PMID: 26456479 PMCID: PMC4601029 DOI: 10.1038/srep15026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An important unresolved clinical issue is to distinguish hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection caused chronic hepatitis and their corresponding liver cirrhosis (LC). Recent research suggests that circulating microRNAs are useful biomarkers for a wide array of diseases. We analyzed microRNA profiles in the plasmas of a total of 495 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, LC patients and healthy donors and identified 10 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between CHB and LC patients. Our logistic models show that three panels of miRNAs have promising diagnostic performances in discriminating CHB from LC. Blinded tests were subsequently conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performances in clinical practice and a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 70% have been achieved in separating CHB from LC pateints. The expression levels of some circulating miRNAs were significantly correlated with HBV DNA load and liver function, such as prothrombin activity (PTA) and levels of alanin aminotransferase (ALT), albumin (ALB) and cholinesterase (CHE). Our results provide important information for developing novel diagnostic tools for distinguishing chronic HBV hepatitis and their corresponding cirrhosis.
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Fernandez-Mercado M, Manterola L, Larrea E, Goicoechea I, Arestin M, Armesto M, Otaegui D, Lawrie CH. The circulating transcriptome as a source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers: concepts and controversies of non-coding and coding RNA in body fluids. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2307-23. [PMID: 26119132 PMCID: PMC4594673 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gold standard for cancer diagnosis remains the histological examination of affected tissue, obtained either by surgical excision, or radiologically guided biopsy. Such procedures however are expensive, not without risk to the patient, and require consistent evaluation by expert pathologists. Consequently, the search for non-invasive tools for the diagnosis and management of cancer has led to great interest in the field of circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum. An additional benefit of blood-based testing is the ability to carry out screening and repeat sampling on patients undergoing therapy, or monitoring disease progression allowing for the development of a personalized approach to cancer patient management. Despite having been discovered over 60 years ago, the clear clinical potential of circulating nucleic acids, with the notable exception of prenatal diagnostic testing, has yet to translate into the clinic. The recent discovery of non-coding (nc) RNA (in particular micro(mi)RNAs) in the blood has provided fresh impetuous for the field. In this review, we discuss the potential of the circulating transcriptome (coding and ncRNA), as novel cancer biomarkers, the controversy surrounding their origin and biology, and most importantly the hurdles that remain to be overcome if they are really to become part of future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorea Manterola
- Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Erika Larrea
- Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ibai Goicoechea
- Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María Arestin
- Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María Armesto
- Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - David Otaegui
- Multiple Sclerosis Group, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Oncology Area, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion (HOPE) downregulates the immune response in a rat model of liver transplantation. Ann Surg 2015; 260:931-7; discussion 937-8. [PMID: 25243553 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a novel oxygenated perfusion approach on rejection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). BACKGROUND Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) was designed to prevent graft failure after OLT. One of the mechanisms is downregulation of Kupffer cells (in situ macrophages). We, therefore, designed experiments to test the effects of HOPE on the immune response in an allogeneic rodent model of nonarterialized OLT. METHODS Livers from Lewis rats were transplanted into Brown Norway rats to induce liver rejection in untreated recipients within 4 weeks. Next, Brown Norway recipients were treated with tacrolimus (1 mg/kg), whereas in a third group, liver grafts from Lewis rats underwent HOPE or deoxygenated machine perfusion for 1 hour before implantation, but recipients received no immunosuppression. In a last step, low-dose tacrolimus treatment (0.3 mg/kg) was assessed with and without HOPE. RESULTS Allogeneic OLT without immunosuppression led to death within 3 weeks after nonarterialized OLT due to severe acute rejection. Full-dose tacrolimus prevented rejection, whereas low-dose tacrolimus led to graft fibrosis within 4 weeks. HOPE treatment without immunosuppression also protected from lethal rejection. The combination of low-dose tacrolimus and 1-hour HOPE resulted in 100% survival within 4 weeks without any signs of rejection. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that allograft treatment by HOPE not only protects against preservation injury but also impressively downregulates the immune system, blunting the alloimmune response. Therefore, HOPE may offer many beneficial effects, not only to rescue marginal grafts but also by preventing rejection and the need for immunosuppression.
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Salvadori M, Bertoni E. What's new in clinical solid organ transplantation by 2013. World J Transplant 2014; 4:243-66. [PMID: 25540734 PMCID: PMC4274595 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v4.i4.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovative and exciting advances in the clinical science in solid organ transplantation continuously realize as the results of studies, clinical trials, international conferences, consensus conferences, new technologies and discoveries. This review will address to the full spectrum of news in transplantation, that verified by 2013. The key areas covered are the transplantation activity, with particular regards to the donors, the news for solid organs such as kidney, pancreas, liver, heart and lung, the news in immunosuppressive therapies, the news in the field of tolerance and some of the main complications following transplantation as infections and cancers. The period of time covered by the study starts from the international meetings held in 2012, whose results were published in 2013, up to the 2013 meetings, conferences and consensus published in the first months of 2014. In particular for every organ, the trends in numbers and survival have been reviewed as well as the most relevant problems such as organ preservation, ischemia reperfusion injuries, and rejections with particular regards to the antibody mediated rejection that involves all solid organs. The new drugs and strategies applied in organ transplantation have been divided into new way of using old drugs or strategies and drugs new not yet on the market, but on phase Ito III of clinical studies and trials.
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Abstract
Background Acute rejection (AR) remains a life-threatening complication after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and there are few available diagnostic biomarkers clinically for AR. This study aims to identify intestinal microbial profile and explore potential application of microbial profile as a biomarker for AR after OLT. Methods The OLT models in rats were established. Hepatic graft histology, ultrastructure, function, and intestinal barrier function were tested. Ileocecal contents were collected for intestinal microbial analysis. Results Hepatic graft suffered from the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury on day 1, initial AR on day 3, and severe AR on day 7 after OLT. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that genus Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Lactobacillus were decreased, whereas Clostridium bolteae was increased during AR. Notably, cluster analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles showed the 7AR and 3AR groups clustered together with 73.4% similarity, suggesting that intestinal microbiota was more sensitive than hepatic function in responding to AR. Microbial diversity and species richness were decreased during AR. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that most of the decreased key bacteria belonged to phylum Firmicutes, whereas increased key bacteria belonged to phylum Bacteroidetes. Moreover, intestinal microvilli loss and tight junction damage were noted, and intestinal barrier dysfunction during AR presented a decrease of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and increase of blood bacteremia, endotoxin, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Conclusion We dynamically detail intestinal microbial characterization and find a high sensitivity of microbial change during AR after OLT, suggesting that intestinal microbial variation may predict AR in early phase and become an assistant therapeutic target to improve rejection after OLT. Supplemental digital content is available in the text.
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Brunetto MR, Cavallone D, Oliveri F, Moriconi F, Colombatto P, Coco B, Ciccorossi P, Rastelli C, Romagnoli V, Cherubini B, Teilum MW, Blondal T, Bonino F. A serum microRNA signature is associated with the immune control of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110782. [PMID: 25350115 PMCID: PMC4211710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The virus/host interplay mediates liver pathology in chronic HBV infection. MiRNAs play a pivotal role in virus/host interactions and are detected in both serum and HBsAg-particles, but studies of their dynamics during chronic infection and antiviral therapy are missing. We studied serum miRNAs during different phases of chronic HBV infection and antiviral treatment. Methods MiRNAs were profiled by miRCURY-LNA-Universal-RT-miRNA-PCR (Exiqon-A/S) and qPCR-panels-I/II-739-miRNA-assays and single-RT-q-PCRs. Two cohorts of well-characterized HBsAg-carriers were studied (median follow-up 34–52 months): a) training-panel (141 sera) and HBsAg-particles (32 samples) from 61 HBsAg-carriers and b) validation-panel (136 sera) from 84 carriers. Results Thirty-one miRNAs were differentially expressed in inactive-carriers (IC) and chronic-hepatitis-B (CHB) with the largest difference for miR-122-5p, miR-99a-5p and miR-192-5p (liver-specific-miRNAs), over-expressed in both sera and HBsAg-particles of CHB (ANOVA/U-test p-values: <0.000001/0.000001; <0.000001/0.000003; <0.000001/0.000005, respectively) and significantly down-regulated during- and after-treatment in sustained-virological-responders (SVR). MiRNA-profiles of IC and SVR clustered in the heatmap. Liver-miRNAs were combined with miR-335, miR-126 and miR-320a (internal controls) to build a MiR-B-Index with 100% sensitivity, 83.3% and 92.5% specificity (−1.7 cut-off) in both training and validation cohorts to identify IC. MiR-B-Index (−5.72, −20.43/14.38) correlated with ALT (49, 10/2056 U/l, ρ = −0.497, p<0.001), HBV-DNA (4.58, undetectable/>8.3 Log10 IU/mL, ρ = −0.732, p<0.001) and HBsAg (3.40, 0.11/5.49 Log10 IU/mL, ρ = −0.883, p<0.001). At multivariate analysis HBV-DNA (p = 0.002), HBsAg (p<0.001) and infection-phase (p<0.001), but not ALT (p = 0.360) correlated with MiR-B-Index. In SVR to Peg-IFN/NUCs MiR-B-Index improved during-therapy and post-treatment reaching IC-like values (5.32, −1.65/10.91 vs 6.68, 0.54/9.53, p = 0.324) beckoning sustained HBV-immune-control earlier than HBsAg-decline. Conclusions Serum miRNA profile change dynamically during the different phases of chronic HBV infection. We identified a miRNA signature associated with both natural-occurring and therapy-induced immune control of HBV infection. The MiR-B-Index might be a useful biomarker for the early identification of the sustained switch from CHB to inactive HBV-infection in patients treated with antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizia Rossana Brunetto
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniela Cavallone
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Oliveri
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Moriconi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Colombatto
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Coco
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pietro Ciccorossi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Rastelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Romagnoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Cherubini
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pathology of Hepatitis Viruses, Hepatology Unit, Reference Center of the Tuscany Region for Chronic Liver Disease and Cancer, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Ferruccio Bonino
- Digestive and Liver Disease, General Medicine II Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Morita M, Chen J, Fujino M, Kitazawa Y, Sugioka A, Zhong L, Li XK. Identification of microRNAs involved in acute rejection and spontaneous tolerance in murine hepatic allografts. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6649. [PMID: 25323448 PMCID: PMC5377586 DOI: 10.1038/srep06649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft acceptance without the need for immunosuppressive drugs is the ultimate goal of transplantation therapy. In murine liver transplantation, allografts are accepted across major histocompatibility antigen complex barriers without the use of immunosuppressive drugs and constitute a suitable model for research on immunological rejection and tolerance. MicroRNA (miRNA) has been known to be involved in the immunological responses. In order to identify mRNAs in spontaneous liver allograft tolerance, miRNA expression in hepatic allografts was examined using this transplantation model. According to the graft pathological score and function, miR-146a, 15b, 223, 23a, 27a, 34a and 451 were upregulated compared with the expression observed in the syngeneic grafts. In contrast, miR-101a, 101b and 148a were downregulated. Our results demonstrated the alteration of miRNAs in the allografts and may indicate the role of miRNAs in the induction of tolerance after transplantation. Furthermore, our data suggest that monitoring the graft expression of novel miRNAs may allow clinicians to differentiate between rejection and tolerance. A better understanding of the tolerance inducing mechanism observed in murine hepatic allografts may provide a therapeutic strategy for attenuating allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Morita
- 1] Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo [2] Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jiajie Chen
- 1] Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo [2] Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Masayuki Fujino
- 1] Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo [2] AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo
| | - Atsushi Sugioka
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Liang Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo
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49
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Farid WRR, Verhoeven CJ, de Jonge J, Metselaar HJ, Kazemier G, van der Laan LJW. The ins and outs of microRNAs as biomarkers in liver disease and transplantation. Transpl Int 2014; 27:1222-32. [PMID: 24963540 DOI: 10.1111/tri.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing research is being conducted in the field of transplantation to discover novel, noninvasive biomarkers for assessment of graft quality before transplantation and monitoring of graft injury after transplantation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most promising in this field. MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that function as important regulators of gene expression in response to cellular stress and disease. An advantage that makes miRNAs attractive candidates for biomarker research is their fast release from cells in response to stress and injury, which can occur via different routes. In the context of liver transplantation (LT), noninvasive measurement and stability of extracellular miRNAs in blood, bile, and graft perfusates has been linked to cell-type specific injury and early graft outcome following LT. Furthermore, specific intrahepatic miRNA expression patterns have been associated with graft survival and recurrent disease, like hepatitis C virus-related fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, miRNAs with strong predictive value and high sensitivity and specificity might be successfully applied to assess hepatic injury and to diagnose (recurrent) liver disease before, during and after LT. In this review, the current features and future prospects of miRNAs as biomarkers in and out of the liver are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar R R Farid
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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50
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Brenu EW, Ashton KJ, Batovska J, Staines DR, Marshall-Gradisnik SM. High-throughput sequencing of plasma microRNA in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102783. [PMID: 25238588 PMCID: PMC4169517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate many biological processes and their dysregulation has been associated with a variety of diseases including Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). The recent discovery of stable and reproducible miRNA in plasma has raised the possibility that circulating miRNAs may serve as novel diagnostic markers. The objective of this study was to determine the role of plasma miRNA in CFS/ME. Results Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing we identified 19 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the plasma of CFS/ME patients in comparison to non-fatigued controls. Following RT-qPCR analysis, we were able to confirm the significant up-regulation of three miRNAs (hsa-miR-127-3p, hsa-miR-142-5p and hsa-miR-143-3p) in the CFS/ME patients. Conclusion Our study is the first to identify circulating miRNAs from CFS/ME patients and also to confirm three differentially expressed circulating miRNAs in CFS/ME patients, providing a basis for further study to find useful CFS/ME biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekua W. Brenu
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Kevin J. Ashton
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jana Batovska
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donald R. Staines
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Health, Gold Coast Public Health Unit, Robina, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sonya M. Marshall-Gradisnik
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Centre, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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