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Gambacorta V, Ricci G, D’Orazio A, Stivalini D, Baietta I, Pettorossi VE, Faralli M. Evaluation of Cochlear Symptoms in Migraine Patients without Vestibular Migraine and/or Ménière's Disease. Audiol Res 2023; 13:967-977. [PMID: 38131809 PMCID: PMC10741063 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine pathogenic pathways may selectively target the cochlea. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of cochlear symptoms in migraine patients without vestibular migraine and/or Méniere's disease was conducted. We examined 60 consecutive patients with history of cochlear symptoms, including fullness, tinnitus, and hearing loss. Patients were divided into two groups based on migraine history: M (migraine) and nM (no migraine). The incidence of migraine was compared to a homogeneous control group with dysfunctional and inflammatory dysphonia without cochlear symptoms. The type, time of onset, recurrence, bilaterality of symptoms, and hearing threshold were analyzed. The incidence of migraine was significantly higher (p = 0.04) in patients with cochlear symptoms than in the control group. The onset of symptoms is significantly earlier (p < 0.05) in the presence of migraine. The fullness, recurrence, and bilaterality of symptoms are associated with migraine in a statistically significant way (p < 0.05). Pure tone audiometry shows a statistically significant increase in the hearing threshold (500-1000 Hz) in group M. Based on developing findings, cochlear migraine may be considered as a novel clinical entity, like vestibular migraine. It would be the expression, in the absence of vertiginous symptoms, of a selective suffering of the anterior labyrinth by known operating mechanisms of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gambacorta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giampietro Ricci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra D’Orazio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Davide Stivalini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene Baietta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Vito Enrico Pettorossi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Physiology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Faralli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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2
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Lyu H, Boßelmann CM, Johannesen KM, Koko M, Ortigoza-Escobar JD, Aguilera-Albesa S, Garcia-Navas Núñez D, Linnankivi T, Gaily E, van Ruiten HJA, Richardson R, Betzler C, Horvath G, Brilstra E, Geerdink N, Orsucci D, Tessa A, Gardella E, Fleszar Z, Schöls L, Lerche H, Møller RS, Liu Y. Clinical and electrophysiological features of SCN8A variants causing episodic or chronic ataxia. EBioMedicine 2023; 98:104855. [PMID: 38251463 PMCID: PMC10628346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in SCN8A are associated with a spectrum of epilepsies and neurodevelopmental disorders. Ataxia as a predominant symptom of SCN8A variation has not been well studied. We set out to investigate disease mechanisms and genotype-phenotype correlations of SCN8A-related ataxia. METHODS We collected genetic and electro-clinical data of ten individuals from nine unrelated families carrying novel SCN8A variants associated with chronic progressive or episodic ataxia. Electrophysiological characterizations of these variants were performed in ND7/23 cells and cultured neurons. FINDINGS Variants associated with chronic progressive ataxia either decreased Na+ current densities and shifted activation curves towards more depolarized potentials (p.Asn995Asp, p.Lys1498Glu and p.Trp1266Cys) or resulted in a premature stop codon (p.Trp937Ter). Three variants (p.Arg847Gln and biallelic p.Arg191Trp/p.Asp1525Tyr) were associated with episodic ataxia causing loss-of-function by decreasing Na+ current densities or a hyperpolarizing shift of the inactivation curve. Two additional episodic ataxia-associated variants caused mixed gain- and loss-of function effects in ND7/23 cells and were further examined in primary murine hippocampal neuronal cultures. Neuronal firing in excitatory neurons was increased by p.Arg1629His, but decreased by p.Glu1201Lys. Neuronal firing in inhibitory neurons was decreased for both variants. No functional effect was observed for p.Arg1913Trp. In four individuals, treatment with sodium channel blockers exacerbated symptoms. INTERPRETATION We identified episodic or chronic ataxia as predominant phenotypes caused by variants in SCN8A. Genotype-phenotype correlations revealed a more pronounced loss-of-function effect for variants causing chronic ataxia. Sodium channel blockers should be avoided under these conditions. FUNDING BMBF, DFG, the Italian Ministry of Health, University of Tuebingen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lyu
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian M Boßelmann
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre (Member of the ERN EpiCARE), Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Mahmoud Koko
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Juan Dario Ortigoza-Escobar
- Movement Disorders Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERER-ISCIII and European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Aguilera-Albesa
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Tarja Linnankivi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, New Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, Epilepsia Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Gaily
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, New Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, Epilepsia Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henriette J A van Ruiten
- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ruth Richardson
- Northern Genetics Service, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Cornelia Betzler
- Institute for Rehabilitation, Transition and Palliation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Specialist Center for Paediatric Neurology, Neuro-Rehabilitation and Epileptology, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Gabriella Horvath
- Adult Metabolic Diseases Clinic, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eva Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Geerdink
- Department of Pediatrics, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Elena Gardella
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre (Member of the ERN EpiCARE), Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Zofia Fleszar
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ludger Schöls
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, The Danish Epilepsy Centre (Member of the ERN EpiCARE), Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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3
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Michanski S, Henneck T, Mukhopadhyay M, Steyer AM, Gonzalez PA, Grewe K, Ilgen P, Gültas M, Fornasiero EF, Jakobs S, Möbius W, Vogl C, Pangršič T, Rizzoli SO, Wichmann C. Age-dependent structural reorganization of utricular ribbon synapses. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1178992. [PMID: 37635868 PMCID: PMC10447907 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1178992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, spatial orientation is synaptically-encoded by sensory hair cells of the vestibular labyrinth. Vestibular hair cells (VHCs) harbor synaptic ribbons at their presynaptic active zones (AZs), which play a critical role in molecular scaffolding and facilitate synaptic release and vesicular replenishment. With advancing age, the prevalence of vestibular deficits increases; yet, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood and the possible accompanying morphological changes in the VHC synapses have not yet been systematically examined. We investigated the effects of maturation and aging on the ultrastructure of the ribbon-type AZs in murine utricles using various electron microscopic techniques and combined them with confocal and super-resolution light microscopy as well as metabolic imaging up to 1 year of age. In older animals, we detected predominantly in type I VHCs the formation of floating ribbon clusters, mostly consisting of newly synthesized ribbon material. Our findings suggest that VHC ribbon-type AZs undergo dramatic structural alterations upon aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Michanski
- Molecular Architecture of Synapses Group, Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, InnerEarLab and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Timo Henneck
- Biology Bachelor Program, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mohona Mukhopadhyay
- Experimental Otology Group, InnerEarLab, Department of Otolaryngology, Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna M. Steyer
- Electron Microscopy-City Campus, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paola Agüi Gonzalez
- Department for Neuro-and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Grewe
- Department for Neuro-and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Ilgen
- Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy TNM, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Faculty of Agriculture, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Soest, Germany
| | - Eugenio F. Fornasiero
- Department for Neuro-and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy TNM, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Electron Microscopy-City Campus, Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Vogl
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Presynaptogenesis and Intracellular Transport in Hair Cells Group, Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tina Pangršič
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Experimental Otology Group, InnerEarLab, Department of Otolaryngology, Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O. Rizzoli
- Department for Neuro-and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carolin Wichmann
- Molecular Architecture of Synapses Group, Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, InnerEarLab and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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4
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Guo Z, Wang J, Liu D, Tian E, Chen J, Kong W, Zhang S. Early detection and monitoring of hearing loss in vestibular migraine: Extended high-frequency hearing. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1090322. [PMID: 36704499 PMCID: PMC9871761 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1090322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vestibular migraine (VM) presents mainly with recurrent vestibular symptoms and migraine. A great number of patients with VM have cochlea symptoms such as tinnitus, hearing loss. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with definite VM (dVM) and probable VM (pVM) who met the diagnostic criteria. Auditory-vestibular tests and psychological assessments were performed. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the predictive effect of EHF pure tone audiometry (PTA) for standard frequency (SF) hearing loss. Results Fifteen patients with pVM and 22 patients with dVM were recruited. Overall, the two most vertigo types were vestibulo-visual symptoms (83.78%) and internal vertigo (54.05%). A vertigo attack persisted for <5 min in approximately 57% of patients, compared with 5 min to 72 h in 43%, and lasted longer than 72 h in 8%. Approximately 87% of patients had psychological disorders. Most patients with VM (92%) suffered from some degree of EHF hearing impairment, and 68% had SF hearing loss, which is substantially higher than their complaints (43%). Moreover, the mean EHF hearing threshold cutoff value (57 dB HL) worked well in predicting SF hearing loss (area under curve, AUC, 0.827), outperforming distortion product optoacoustic emission (AUC, 0.748). Conclusion VM has a wide range of clinical manifestations. Hearing loss had a considerably higher rate compared to actual complaints. Moreover, patients with VM tended to have bilateral EHF and high-frequency hearing loss. The effectiveness of the mean EHF hearing threshold cutoff value in predicting hearing loss supported its use in the early detection of hearing loss and monitoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - E. Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Union Hospital, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sulin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Union Hospital, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Sulin Zhang ✉
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5
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Lopez-Escamez JA, Cheng AG, Grill E, Liu TC. Editorial: Epidemiology and Genetics of Vestibular Disorders. Front Neurol 2021; 12:743379. [PMID: 34630314 PMCID: PMC8498025 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.743379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO - Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research - Pfizer/University of Granada/Junta de Andalucía, Parque Tecnologico de la Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alan G Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Eva Grill
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Centre of Health Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tien-Chen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Skuladottir AT, Bjornsdottir G, Nawaz MS, Petersen H, Rognvaldsson S, Moore KHS, Olafsson PI, Magnusson SH, Bjornsdottir A, Sveinsson OA, Sigurdardottir GR, Saevarsdottir S, Ivarsdottir EV, Stefansdottir L, Gunnarsson B, Muhlestein JB, Knowlton KU, Jones DA, Nadauld LD, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, Strupp M, Walters GB, Thorgeirsson TE, Jonsdottir I, Holm H, Thorleifsson G, Gudbjartsson DF, Sulem P, Stefansson H, Stefansson K. A genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers six sequence variants conferring risk of vertigo. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1148. [PMID: 34620984 PMCID: PMC8497462 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertigo is the leading symptom of vestibular disorders and a major risk factor for falls. In a genome-wide association study of vertigo (Ncases = 48,072, Ncontrols = 894,541), we uncovered an association with six common sequence variants in individuals of European ancestry, including missense variants in ZNF91, OTOG, OTOGL, and TECTA, and a cis-eQTL for ARMC9. The association of variants in ZNF91, OTOGL, and OTOP1 was driven by an association with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Using previous reports of sequence variants associating with age-related hearing impairment and motion sickness, we found eight additional variants that associate with vertigo. Although disorders of the auditory and the vestibular system may co-occur, none of the six genome-wide significant vertigo variants were associated with hearing loss and only one was associated with age-related hearing impairment. Our results uncovered sequence variants associating with vertigo in a genome-wide association study and implicated genes with known roles in inner ear development, maintenance, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Sulaman Nawaz
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hannes Petersen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olafur A Sveinsson
- Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Saedis Saevarsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Joseph B Muhlestein
- Intermountain Medical Center, Intermountain Heart Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kirk U Knowlton
- Intermountain Medical Center, Intermountain Heart Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David A Jones
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, USA
| | - Lincoln D Nadauld
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, USA
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Strupp
- Department of Neurology and German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Ingileif Jonsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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7
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Mei C, Dong H, Nisenbaum E, Thielhelm T, Nourbakhsh A, Yan D, Smeal M, Lundberg Y, Hoffer ME, Angeli S, Telischi F, Nie G, Blanton SH, Liu X. Genetics and the Individualized Therapy of Vestibular Disorders. Front Neurol 2021; 12:633207. [PMID: 33613440 PMCID: PMC7892966 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.633207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vestibular disorders (VDs) are a clinically divergent group of conditions that stem from pathology at the level of the inner ear, vestibulocochlear nerve, or central vestibular pathway. No etiology can be identified in the majority of patients with VDs. Relatively few families have been reported with VD, and so far, no causative genes have been identified despite the fact that more than 100 genes have been identified for inherited hearing loss. Inherited VDs, similar to deafness, are genetically heterogeneous and follow Mendelian inheritance patterns with all modes of transmission, as well as multifactorial inheritance. With advances in genetic sequencing, evidence of familial clustering in VD has begun to highlight the genetic causes of these disorders, potentially opening up new avenues of treatment, particularly in Meniere's disease and disorders with comorbid hearing loss, such as Usher syndrome. In this review, we aim to present recent findings on the genetics of VDs, review the role of genetic sequencing tools, and explore the potential for individualized medicine in the treatment of these disorders. Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed for English language studies relevant to the genetic basis of and therapies for vestibular disorders, using search terms including but not limited to: “genetics,” “genomics,” “vestibular disorders,” “hearing loss with vestibular dysfunction,” “individualized medicine,” “genome-wide association studies,” “precision medicine,” and “Meniere's syndrome.” Results: Increasing numbers of studies on vestibular disorder genetics have been published in recent years. Next-generation sequencing and new genetic tools are being utilized to unearth the significance of the genomic findings in terms of understanding disease etiology and clinical utility, with growing research interest being shown for individualized gene therapy for some disorders. Conclusions: The genetic knowledge base for vestibular disorders is still in its infancy. Identifying the genetic causes of balance problems is imperative in our understanding of the biology of normal function of the vestibule and the disease etiology and process. There is an increasing effort to use new and efficient genetic sequencing tools to discover the genetic causes for these diseases, leading to the hope for precise and personalized treatment for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mei
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Hongsong Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Eric Nisenbaum
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Torin Thielhelm
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Aida Nourbakhsh
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Molly Smeal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Yesha Lundberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Michael E Hoffer
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Simon Angeli
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Fred Telischi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Guohui Nie
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susan H Blanton
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
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8
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Paz-Tamayo A, Perez-Carpena P, Lopez-Escamez JA. Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies and Familial Aggregation in Vestibular Migraine. Front Genet 2020; 11:954. [PMID: 33110417 PMCID: PMC7489493 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vestibular migraine (VM) is complex disorder consisting of episodes of migraine and vertigo with an estimated prevalence of 1–3%. As migraine, it is considered that VM has genetic predisposition; however, evidence to support a genetic contribution has not been critically appraised. Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to assess available evidence in scientific publications to determine the role of inheritance in VM. Methods: After performing the quality assessment of the retrieved records, 31 studies were included (24 epidemiological reports and 7 genetic association studies in families or case-control in candidate genes). We gathered data about prevalence of VM in different populations and in families, and also about the genetic findings reported. In addition, other variables were considered to assess the heritability of VM, such as the ancestry, the age of onset or the familial history of vertigo and migraine. Results: The estimated prevalence of VM was different between black (3.13%), white (2.64%) and Asian (1.07%) ethnicities. The reported prevalence of VM in migraine patients is higher in European countries (21%) than in Asian countries (10%). Moreover, the prevalence of the migraine-vertigo association in families is 4–10 times higher than the prevalence reported in the general population (sibling recurrence risk ratio λs = 4.31–10.42). We also found that the age of onset is lower in patients with simultaneous onset of symptoms and in those who have familial history for migraine and/or vertigo, suggesting anticipation. Although some genetic studies have reported few allelic variants associated to MV, replication studies are needed to validate these results. Conclusions: The available evidence to support heritability in VM is limited. Variability in prevalence depending on ethnicity and geographic location suggests a combined genetic and environmental contribution to VM. However, the familial aggregation observed in VM support genetic and shared familial environmental effects that remarks the necessity of twins and adoptees-based epidemiological studies to estimate its heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paz-Tamayo
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patricia Perez-Carpena
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.,Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO - Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research - Pfizer/University of Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose A Lopez-Escamez
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.,Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO - Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research - Pfizer/University of Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS, Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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9
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Oh EH, Shin JH, Kim HS, Cho JW, Choi SY, Choi KD, Rhee JK, Lee S, Lee C, Choi JH. Rare Variants of Putative Candidate Genes Associated With Sporadic Meniere's Disease in East Asian Population. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1424. [PMID: 32038468 PMCID: PMC6987317 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The cause of Meniere's disease (MD) is unclear but likely involves genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis underlying MD by screening putative candidate genes for MD. Methods: Sixty-eight patients who met the diagnostic criteria for MD of the Barany Society were included. We performed targeted gene sequencing using next generation sequencing (NGS) panel composed of 45 MD-associated genes. We identified the rare variants causing non-synonymous amino acid changes, stop codons, and insertions/deletions in the coding regions, and excluded the common variants with minor allele frequency >0.01 in public databases. The pathogenicity of the identified variants was analyzed by various predictive tools and protein structural modeling. Results: The average read depth for the targeted regions was 1446.3-fold, and 99.4% of the targeted regions were covered by 20 or more reads, achieving the high quality of the sequencing. After variant filtering, annotation, and interpretation, we identified a total of 15 rare heterozygous variants in 12 (17.6%) sporadic patients. Among them, four variants were detected in familial MD genes (DTNA, FAM136A, DPT), and the remaining 11 in MD-associated genes (PTPN22, NFKB1, CXCL10, TLR2, MTHFR, SLC44A2, NOS3, NOTCH2). Three patients had the variants in two or more genes. All variants were not detected in our healthy controls (n = 100). No significant differences were observed between patients with and without a genetic variant in terms of sex, mean age of onset, bilaterality, the type of MD, and hearing threshold at diagnosis. Conclusions: Our study identified rare variants of putative candidate genes in some of MD patients. The genes were related to the formation of inner ear structures, the immune-associated process, or systemic hemostasis derangement, suggesting the multiple genetic predispositions in the development of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Oh
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Shin
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Sook Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jae Wook Cho
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seo Young Choi
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Dong Choi
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, South Korea
| | - Je-Keun Rhee
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seowhang Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Sciences and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Changwook Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Sciences and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Choi
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
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10
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Wu X, Qiu F, Wang Z, Liu B, Qi X. Correlation of 5-HTR6 gene polymorphism with vestibular migraine. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23042. [PMID: 31587366 PMCID: PMC7031542 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the correlation of 5‐hydroxy tryptamine receptor 6 (5‐HTR6) gene polymorphism with vestibular migraine (VM). Methods A total of 92 VM patients were enrolled as the observation group, and 100 healthy people receiving physical examinations as the control group. Their general clinical information was collected, and the level of 5‐HT in plasma and the vestibular function test indexes were detected. Moreover, the polymorphism of 5‐HTR6 rs770963777 was detected with the TaqMan‐MGB probe. Results The observation group had a lower level of 5‐HT than the control group (P < .05), and the abnormality rates of the vestibular function tests, including the caloric test, head‐shaking test, and vestibular autorotation test, were obviously higher than those in the control group (P < .01). The comparisons showed that the distribution frequencies of the genotypes and alleles were different between the two groups (P < .05). According to the analysis of the genetic mode, there were differences in recessive and additive modes between the two groups (P < .05), but the dominant mode was not different between the two groups (P > .05). Conclusion The level of 5‐HT and the vestibular function test indexes can serve as the effective indicators for observing VM, and the polymorphism of 5‐HTR6 rs770963777 site is correlated with VM onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Imaging, Inner Mongolia Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaokun Qi
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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11
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Huang TC, Wang SJ, Kheradmand A. Vestibular migraine: An update on current understanding and future directions. Cephalalgia 2019; 40:107-121. [PMID: 31394919 DOI: 10.1177/0333102419869317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vestibular migraine is among the most common causes of recurrent vertigo in the general population. Despite its prevalence and high impact on healthcare cost and utilization, it has remained an under-recognized condition with largely unknown pathophysiology. In the present article, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of vestibular migraine. METHODS We undertook a narrative literature review on the epidemiology, presentations, clinical and laboratory findings, pathophysiology, and treatments of vestibular migraine. RESULTS Currently, the diagnosis of vestibular migraine relies solely on clinical symptoms since clinical tests of vestibular function are typically normal, or difficult to interpret based on inconsistent results reported in earlier studies. The challenges related to diagnosis of vestibular migraine lie in its relatively broad spectrum of manifestations, the absence of typical migraine headaches with vestibular symptoms, and its very recent definition as a distinct entity. Here, we highlight these challenges, discuss common vestibular symptoms and clinical presentations in vestibular migraine, and review the current aspects of its clinical diagnosis and evaluation. The concepts related to the pathophysiology and treatment of vestibular migraine are also discussed. CONCLUSION Vestibular migraine is still underdiagnosed clinically. Future studies are needed to address the pathophysiological mechanisms and investigate effective treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chou Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Living Water Neurological Clinic, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Neurological Institute, Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amir Kheradmand
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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Gallego-Martinez A, Requena T, Roman-Naranjo P, Lopez-Escamez JA. Excess of Rare Missense Variants in Hearing Loss Genes in Sporadic Meniere Disease. Front Genet 2019; 10:76. [PMID: 30828346 PMCID: PMC6385525 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Meniere's disease (MD) is a clinical spectrum of rare disorders characterized by vertigo attacks, associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and tinnitus involving low to medium frequencies. Although it shows familial aggregation with incomplete phenotypic forms and variable expressivity, most cases are considered sporadic. The aim of this study was to investigate the burden for rare variation in SNHL genes in patients with sporadic MD. We conducted a targeted-sequencing study including SNHL and familial MD genes in 890 MD patients to compare the frequency of rare variants in cases using three independent public datasets as controls. Patients with sporadic MD showed a significant enrichment of missense variants in SNHL genes that was not found in the controls. The list of genes includes GJB2, USH1G, SLC26A4, ESRRB, and CLDN14. A rare synonymous variant with unknown significance was found in the MARVELD2 gene in several unrelated patients with MD. There is a burden of rare variation in certain SNHL genes in sporadic MD. Furthermore, the interaction of common and rare variants in SNHL genes may have an additive effect on MD phenotype. This study will contribute to design a gene panel for the genetic diagnosis of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Gallego-Martinez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENyO), Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Requena
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENyO), Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Roman-Naranjo
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENyO), Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose A. Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS 495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENyO), Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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13
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Stereocilin gene variants associated with episodic vertigo: expansion of the DFNB16 phenotype. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1871-1874. [PMID: 30250054 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular disorders comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases with transient or permanent loss of vestibular function. Vestibulopathy is in most cases associated with migraine, Ménière disease, hereditary ataxias, or sensorineural hearing loss. We identified two brothers and their first cousin affected by hearing loss and episodic vertigo. The brothers were homozygous STRC nonsense variant [c.4027 C > T, p.(Q1343*)], whereas their first cousin was compound heterozygous for the STRC nonsense variant and a 97 kb deletion spanning the entire STRC gene. Clinical investigations confirmed pathological vestibular responses in addition to a characteristic DFNB16 hearing loss. The STRC gene encodes Stereocilin in the cochlea and in the vestibular organ where it ensheathes the kinocilium of the otolithic membranes. Stereocilin is associated with the gel overlaying the vestibular kinocilia, suggesting a role for the protein in sensing balance and spatial orientation. Our findings support such a function for Stereocilin in the vestibular organ and expand the phenotype associated with DFNB16.
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14
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Pawlak-Osiñska K, Linkowska K, Grzybowski T. Genes important for otoneurological diagnostic purposes - current status and future prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 38:242-250. [PMID: 29984802 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY This review focuses on the current knowledge of the genes responsible for non-syndromic hearing loss that can be useful for otoneurological diagnostic purposes. From among a large number of genes that have been associated with non-syndromic hearing impairment, we selected several best-known genes, including the COCH gene, GJB2, GJB6 and SLC26A4, and we describe their role and effects of mutations and prevalence of mutations in various populations. Next, we focus on genes associated with tinnitus. Important areas for further research include assessment of genes potentially involved in pathophysiology of tinnitus and vertigo, which have traditionally been considered as being of otological aetiology, while advances in neuroimaging techniques have increasingly shifted studies toward neurological correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pawlak-Osiñska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Oncology Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - K Linkowska
- Department of Forensic Medicine Division of Molecular and Forensic Genetics Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - T Grzybowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine Division of Molecular and Forensic Genetics Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University, Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The increased availability of next generation sequencing has enabled a rapid progress in the discovery of genetic variants associated with vestibular disorders. We have summarized molecular genetics finding in vestibular syndromes during the last 18 months. RECENT FINDINGS Genetic studies continue to shed light on the genetic background of vestibular disorders. Novel genes affecting brain development and otolith biogenesis have been associated with motion sickness. Exome sequencing has made possible to identify three rare single nucleotide variants in PRKCB, DPT and SEMA3D linked with familial Meniere disease. Moreover, superior canal dehiscence syndrome might be related with variants in CDH3 gene, by increasing risk of its development. On the other hand, the association between vestibular schwannoma and enlarged vestibular aqueduct with variants in NF2 and SLC26A4, respectively, seems increasingly clear. Finally, the use of mouse models is allowing further progress in the development gene therapy for hearing and vestibular monogenic disorders. SUMMARY Most of episodic or progressive syndromes show familial clustering. A detailed phenotyping with a complete familial history of vestibular symptoms is required to conduct a genetic study. Progress in these studies will allow us to understand diseases mechanisms and improve their current medical treatments.
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16
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Sheng B, Jiang Y, Wu D, Lai N, Ye Z, Zhang B, Fang X, Xu S. RNAi-mediated SYT14 knockdown inhibits the growth of human glioma cell line U87MG. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:60-64. [PMID: 29634997 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SYT14 (Synaptotagmin 14) participates in pathomechanical neurodegeneration and contributes to abnormal neurodevelopment. However, the functional mechanism of SYT14 in human glioma tumorigenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we measured the expression levels of SYT14 mRNA in human glioma cell lines, U373MG, U178, and U87MG and neural stem cells (NSC) cell line by RT-PCR, and used lentivirus-mediated small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to knock down SYT14 expression in U87MG cells. Changes in SYT14 expression were determined by real-time PCR. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays were used to analyze the role of SYT14 in U87MG cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. SYT14 mRNA expression was detected in the three glioma cell lines, and was highest in the U87MG cell line. The RNAi-mediated knockdown of SYT14 significantly decreased cell proliferation and colony formation in U87MG cells, and caused a moderate increase in apoptosis. Fewer S phase cells and more G2/M phase cells were observed. These data indicate that SYT14 is highly expressed in glioma cells, and may participate in glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and colony formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241000, China
| | - Degang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Niansheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Zhennan Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Xinggen Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241001, China.
| | - Shanshui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui, 241001, China.
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17
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Gallego-Martinez A, Espinosa-Sanchez JM, Lopez-Escamez JA. Genetic contribution to vestibular diseases. J Neurol 2018; 265:29-34. [PMID: 29582143 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-8842-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the contribution of allelic variation to vestibular disorders. Heritability attributed to rare allelic variants is found in familial vestibular syndromes such as enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome or familial Meniere disease. However, the involvement of common allelic variants as key regulators of physiological processes in common and rare vestibular diseases is starting to be deciphered, including motion sickness or sporadic Meniere disease. The genetic contribution to most of the vestibular disorders is still largely unknown. This review will outline the role of common and rare variants in human genome to episodic vestibular syndromes, progressive vestibular syndrome, and hereditary sensorineural hearing loss associated with vestibular phenotype. Future genomic studies and network analyses of omic data will clarify the pathway towards a personalized stratification of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Gallego-Martinez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research-Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government (GENYO), Avda de la Ilustración, 114, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Espinosa-Sanchez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research-Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government (GENYO), Avda de la Ilustración, 114, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research-Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government (GENYO), Avda de la Ilustración, 114, 18016, Granada, Spain.
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
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18
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Ciorba A, Hatzopoulos S, Bianchini C, Aimoni C, Skarzynski H, Skarzynski PH. Genetics of presbycusis and presbystasis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2017; 28:29-35. [PMID: 25816403 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015570819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Presbycusis and presbystasis represent relevant problems of aging, caused by the increase in life expectancy in developed countries. As such, it is advantageous to better understand the physiopathological mechanisms of these age-related inner ear diseases. The hypothesis that presbycusis and presbystasis have a genetic background was proposed some years ago. Several studies (in humans and animals) are available in the literature, and possible genes involved in the physiopathology of both diseases have been identified. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the information available in the current medical literature on presbycusis and presbystasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ciorba
- ENT and Audiology Department University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Hatzopoulos
- ENT and Audiology Department University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Bianchini
- ENT and Audiology Department University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Aimoni
- ENT and Audiology Department University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - H Skarzynski
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland World Hearing Center, Kajetany, Poland
| | - P H Skarzynski
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland Department of Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw
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19
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Frejo L, Martin-Sanz E, Teggi R, Trinidad G, Soto-Varela A, Santos-Perez S, Manrique R, Perez N, Aran I, Almeida-Branco MS, Batuecas-Caletrio A, Fraile J, Espinosa-Sanchez JM, Perez-Guillen V, Perez-Garrigues H, Oliva-Dominguez M, Aleman O, Benitez J, Perez P, Lopez-Escamez JA. Extended phenotype and clinical subgroups in unilateral Meniere disease: A cross-sectional study with cluster analysis. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 42:1172-1180. [PMID: 28166395 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To define clinical subgroups by cluster analysis in patients with unilateral Meniere disease (MD) and to compare them with the clinical subgroups found in bilateral MD. DESIGN A cross-sectional study with a two-step cluster analysis. SETTINGS A tertiary referral multicenter study. PARTICIPANTS Nine hundred and eighty-eight adult patients with unilateral MD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES best predictors to define clinical subgroups with potential different aetiologies. RESULTS We established five clusters in unilateral MD. Group 1 is the most frequently found, includes 53% of patients, and it is defined as the sporadic, classic MD without migraine and without autoimmune disorder (AD). Group 2 is found in 8% of patients, and it is defined by hearing loss, which antedates the vertigo episodes by months or years (delayed MD), without migraine or AD in most of cases. Group 3 involves 13% of patients, and it is considered familial MD, while group 4, which includes 15% of patients, is linked to the presence of migraine in all cases. Group 5 is found in 11% of patients and is defined by a comorbid AD. We found significant differences in the distribution of AD in clusters 3, 4 and 5 between patients with uni- and bilateral MD. CONCLUSIONS Cluster analysis defines clinical subgroups in MD, and it extends the phenotype beyond audiovestibular symptoms. This classification will help to improve the phenotyping in MD and facilitate the selection of patients for randomised clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frejo
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine- Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - E Martin-Sanz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - R Teggi
- Department of Otolaryngology, San Raffaelle Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - G Trinidad
- Division of Otoneurology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, Spain
| | - A Soto-Varela
- Division of Otoneurology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Santos-Perez
- Division of Otoneurology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Manrique
- Department of Otolaryngology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - N Perez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Aran
- Department of Otolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - M S Almeida-Branco
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, Almería, Spain
| | - A Batuecas-Caletrio
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - J Fraile
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J M Espinosa-Sanchez
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine- Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital San Agustin, Linares, Jaen, Spain
| | - V Perez-Guillen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - H Perez-Garrigues
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Oliva-Dominguez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Malaga, Spain
| | - O Aleman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Benitez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrin, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - P Perez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijon, Spain
| | - J A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine- Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universidad de Granada (CHUGRA), Granada, Spain
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20
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Frejo L, Soto-Varela A, Santos-Perez S, Aran I, Batuecas-Caletrio A, Perez-Guillen V, Perez-Garrigues H, Fraile J, Martin-Sanz E, Tapia MC, Trinidad G, García-Arumi AM, González-Aguado R, Espinosa-Sanchez JM, Marques P, Perez P, Benitez J, Lopez-Escamez JA. Clinical Subgroups in Bilateral Meniere Disease. Front Neurol 2016; 7:182. [PMID: 27822199 PMCID: PMC5075646 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Meniere disease (MD) is a heterogeneous clinical condition characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, episodic vestibular symptoms, and tinnitus associated with several comorbidities, such as migraine or autoimmune disorders (AD). The frequency of bilateral involvement may range from 5 to 50%, and it depends on the duration of the disease. We have performed a two-step cluster analysis in 398 patients with bilateral MD (BMD) to identify the best predictors to define clinical subgroups with a potential different etiology to improve the phenotyping of BMD and to develop new treatments. We have defined five clinical variants in BMD. Group 1 is the most frequently found, includes 46% of patients, and is defined by metachronic hearing loss without migraine and without AD. Group 2 is found in 17% of patients, and it is defined by synchronic hearing loss without migraine or AD. Group 3, with 13% of patients, is characterized by familial MD, while group 4, that includes 12% of patients, is associated by the presence of migraine in all cases. Group 5 is found in 11% of patients and is defined by AD. This approach can be helpful in selecting patients for genetic and clinical research. However, further studies will be required to improve the phenotyping in these clinical variants for a better understanding of the diverse etiological factors contributing to BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Frejo
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine - Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO) , Granada , Spain
| | - Andres Soto-Varela
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Otoneurology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Sofía Santos-Perez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Otoneurology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Ismael Aran
- Department of Otolaryngology, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra , Pontevedra , Spain
| | | | - Vanesa Perez-Guillen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario La Fe , Valencia , Spain
| | | | - Jesus Fraile
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Miguel Servet , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Eduardo Martin-Sanz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario de Getafe , Getafe , Spain
| | - Maria C Tapia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Instituto Antolí Candela , Madrid , Spain
| | - Gabriel Trinidad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Otoneurology, Complejo Hospitalario Badajoz , Badajoz , Spain
| | - Ana María García-Arumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Rocío González-Aguado
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla , Santander, Cantabria , Spain
| | - Juan M Espinosa-Sanchez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine - Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital San Agustin, Linares, Jaen, Spain
| | - Pedro Marques
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar de São João, EPE, University of Porto Medical School , Porto , Portugal
| | - Paz Perez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Cabueñes , Gijón , Spain
| | - Jesus Benitez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin , Las Palmas , Spain
| | - Jose A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine - Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica - Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENYO), Granada, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universidad de Granada (CHUGRA), Granada, Spain
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21
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Helbig KL, Hedrich UBS, Shinde DN, Krey I, Teichmann AC, Hentschel J, Schubert J, Chamberlin AC, Huether R, Lu HM, Alcaraz WA, Tang S, Jungbluth C, Dugan SL, Vainionpää L, Karle KN, Synofzik M, Schöls L, Schüle R, Lehesjoki AE, Helbig I, Lerche H, Lemke JR. A recurrent mutation in KCNA2 as a novel cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia and ataxia. Ann Neurol 2016; 80. [PMID: 27543892 PMCID: PMC5129488 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders with over 50 known causative genes. We identified a recurrent mutation in KCNA2 (c.881G>A, p.R294H), encoding the voltage-gated K(+) -channel, KV 1.2, in two unrelated families with HSP, intellectual disability (ID), and ataxia. Follow-up analysis of > 2,000 patients with various neurological phenotypes identified a de novo p.R294H mutation in a proband with ataxia and ID. Two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings of Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing mutant KV 1.2 channels showed loss of function with a dominant-negative effect. Our findings highlight the phenotypic spectrum of a recurrent KCNA2 mutation, implicating ion channel dysfunction as a novel HSP disease mechanism. Ann Neurol 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike B S Hedrich
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ilona Krey
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Julia Hentschel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julian Schubert
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Robert Huether
- Department of Bioinformatics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA
| | - Hsiao-Mei Lu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA
| | - Wendy A Alcaraz
- Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA
| | - Sha Tang
- Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA
| | - Chelsy Jungbluth
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Sarah L Dugan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Leena Vainionpää
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kathrin N Karle
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ludger Schöls
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Elina Lehesjoki
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig, Germany.
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22
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Genetics of vestibular disorders: pathophysiological insights. J Neurol 2016; 263 Suppl 1:S45-53. [PMID: 27083884 PMCID: PMC4833787 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The two most common vestibular disorders are motion sickness and vestibular migraine, affecting 30 and 1–2 % of the population respectively. Both are related to migraine and show a familial trend. Bilateral vestibular hypofunction is a rare condition, and some of patients also present cerebellar ataxia and neuropathy. We present recent advances in the genetics of vestibular disorders with familial aggregation. The clinical heterogeneity observed in different relatives of the same families suggests a variable penetrance and the interaction of several genes in each family. Some Mendelian sensorineural hearing loss also exhibits vestibular dysfunction, including DFNA9, DFNA11, DFNA15 and DFNA28. However, the most relevant finding during the past years is the familial clustering observed in Meniere’s disease. By using whole exome sequencing and combining bioinformatics tools, novel variants in DTNA and FAM136A genes have been identified in familial Meniere’s disease, and this genomic strategy will facilitate the discovery of the genetic basis of familial vestibular disorders.
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23
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Lucieer F, Vonk P, Guinand N, Stokroos R, Kingma H, van de Berg R. Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction: Insights in Etiologies, Clinical Subtypes, and Diagnostics. Front Neurol 2016; 7:26. [PMID: 26973594 PMCID: PMC4777732 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the different etiologies and clinical subtypes of bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH) and the value of diagnostic tools in the diagnostic process of BVH. Materials and methods A retrospective case review was performed on 154 patients diagnosed with BVH in a tertiary referral center, between 2013 and 2015. Inclusion criteria comprised (1) imbalance and/or oscillopsia during locomotion and (2) summated slow phase velocity of nystagmus of less than 20°/s during bithermal caloric tests. Results The definite etiology of BVH was determined in 47% of the cases and the probable etiology in 22%. In 31%, the etiology of BVH remained idiopathic. BVH resulted from more than 20 different etiologies. In the idiopathic group, the percentage of migraine was significantly higher compared to the non-idiopathic group (50 versus 11%, p < 0.001). Among all patients, 23.4% were known with autoimmune disorders in their medical history. All four clinical subtypes (recurrent vertigo with BVH, rapidly progressive BVH, slowly progressive BVH, and slowly progressive BVH with ataxia) were found in this population. Slowly progressive BVH with ataxia comprised only 4.5% of the cases. The head impulse test was abnormal in 94% of the cases. The torsion swing test was abnormal in 66%. Bilateral normal hearing to moderate hearing loss was found in 49%. Blood tests did not often contribute to the determination of the etiology of the disease. Abnormal cerebral imaging was found in 21 patients. Conclusion BVH is a heterogeneous condition with various etiologies and clinical characteristics. Migraine seems to play a significant role in idiopathic BVH and autoimmunity could be a modulating factor in the development of BVH. The distribution of etiologies of BVH probably depends on the clinical setting. In the diagnostic process of BVH, the routine use of some blood tests can be reconsidered and a low-threshold use of audiometry and cerebral imaging is advised. The torsion swing test is not the “gold standard” for diagnosing BVH due to its lack of sensitivity. Future diagnostic criteria of BVH should consist of standardized vestibular tests combined with a history that is congruent with the vestibular findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lucieer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Balance Disorders, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - P Vonk
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and life Sciences, University of Maastricht , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - N Guinand
- Service of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - R Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Balance Disorders, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - H Kingma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Balance Disorders, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, Netherlands; Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State Research University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Raymond van de Berg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Balance Disorders, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, Netherlands; Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State Research University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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24
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Ray J, Carr S, Popli G, Gibson W. An epidemiological study to investigate the relationship between Meniere's disease and migraine. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 41:707-710. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ray
- Deparment of Otolaryngology; Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield UK
| | - S.D. Carr
- Deparment of Otolaryngology; Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield UK
| | - G. Popli
- Deparment of Economics; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - W.P. Gibson
- Sydney Cochlear Implant Centre; Gladesville Sydney NSW Australia
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25
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van de Berg R, van Tilburg M, Kingma H. Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction: Challenges in Establishing the Diagnosis in Adults. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2015; 77:197-218. [DOI: 10.1159/000433549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Friese N, Braun K, Müller M, Tropitzsch A. [Personalized medicine in otology. The role of genetic diagnostics in patients with hearing impairment]. HNO 2015; 63:428-33. [PMID: 26059788 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-015-0013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classification of diseases on the molecular level is the basis for personalized medicine. Personalized medicine proposes to improve efficiency and quality of care, to reduce side effects and to increase long-term cost-effectiveness. OBJECTIVES This paper is concerned with the role of genetic diagnostics in patients with a cochlear implant. MATERIAL AND METHODS A selective literature search in PubMed was performed. RESULTS Genetic diagnosis allows ruling out syndromic hearing loss and thus prevents follow-up studies. It allows genetic counseling, prognosis and advice on family planning and targeted prevention. Due to its minimal invasiveness, it is suitable for evaluation of factors accounting for hearing loss in children. CONCLUSIONS Molecular medicine plays a major role in the treatment of sensorineural hearings loss with cochlear implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Friese
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland
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27
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Espinosa-Sanchez JM, Lopez-Escamez JA. New insights into pathophysiology of vestibular migraine. Front Neurol 2015; 6:12. [PMID: 25705201 PMCID: PMC4319397 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular migraine (VM) is a common disorder in which genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors probably contribute to its development. The pathophysiology of VM is unknown; nevertheless in the last few years, several studies are contributing to understand the neurophysiological pathways involved in VM. The current hypotheses are mostly based on the knowledge of migraine itself. The evidence of trigeminal innervation of the labyrinth vessels and the localization of vasoactive neuropeptides in the perivascular afferent terminals of these trigeminal fibers support the involvement of the trigemino-vascular system. The neurogenic inflammation triggered by activation of the trigeminal-vestibulocochlear reflex, with the subsequent inner ear plasma protein extravasation and the release of inflammatory mediators, can contribute to a sustained activation and sensitization of the trigeminal primary afferent neurons explaining VM symptoms. The reciprocal connections between brainstem vestibular nuclei and the structures that modulate trigeminal nociceptive inputs (rostral ventromedial medulla, ventrolateral periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus, and nucleus raphe magnus) are critical to understand the pathophysiology of VM. Although cortical spreading depression can affect cortical areas involved in processing vestibular information, functional neuroimaging techniques suggest a dysmodulation in the multimodal sensory integration and processing of vestibular and nociceptive information, resulting from a vestibulo-thalamo-cortical dysfunction, as the pathogenic mechanism underlying VM. The elevated prevalence of VM suggests that multiple functional variants may confer a genetic susceptibility leading to a dysregulation of excitatory–inhibitory balance in brain structures involved in the processing of sensory information, vestibular inputs, and pain. The interactions among several functional and structural neural networks could explain the pathogenic mechanisms of VM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Espinosa-Sanchez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Human DNA Variability Department, GENYO Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer - University of Granada - Junta de Andalucia , Granada , Spain ; Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital San Agustin , Linares , Spain
| | - Jose A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Human DNA Variability Department, GENYO Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer - University of Granada - Junta de Andalucia , Granada , Spain ; Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de Poniente , El Ejido , Spain
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28
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Lopez-Escamez JA, Dlugaiczyk J, Jacobs J, Lempert T, Teggi R, von Brevern M, Bisdorff A. Accompanying Symptoms Overlap during Attacks in Menière's Disease and Vestibular Migraine. Front Neurol 2014; 5:265. [PMID: 25566172 PMCID: PMC4265699 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Menière’s disease and vestibular migraine (VM) are the most common causes of spontaneous recurrent vertigo. The current diagnostic criteria for the two disorders are mainly based on patients’ symptoms, and no biological marker is available. When applying these criteria, an overlap of the two disorders is occasionally observed in clinical practice. Therefore, the present prospective multicenter study aimed to identify accompanying symptoms that may help to differentiate between MD, VM, and probable vestibular migraine (pVM). Two hundred and sixty-eight patients were included in the study (MD: n = 119, VM: n = 84, pVM: n = 65). Patients with MD suffered mainly from accompanying auditory symptoms (tinnitus, fullness of ear, and hearing loss), while accompanying migraine symptoms (migraine-type headache, photo-/phonophobia, visual aura), anxiety, and palpitations were more common during attacks of VM. However, it has to be noted that a subset of MD patients also experienced (migraine-type) headache during the attacks. On the other hand, some VM/pVM patients reported accompanying auditory symptoms. The female/male ratio was statistically higher in VM/pVM as compared to MD, while the age of onset was significantly lower in the former two. The frequency of migraine-type headache was significantly higher in VM as compared to both pVM and MD. Accompanying headache of any type was observed in declining order in VM, pVM, and MD. In conclusion, the present study confirms a considerable overlap of symptoms in MD, VM, and pVM. In particular, we could not identify any highly specific symptom for one of the three entities. It is rather the combination of symptoms that should guide diagnostic reasoning. The identification of common symptom patterns in VM and MD may help to refine future diagnostic criteria for the two disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Genomics and Oncology Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía (GENyO) , Granada , Spain ; Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido , Almeria , Spain
| | - Julia Dlugaiczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
| | - Julien Jacobs
- Public Research Centre for Health (CRP-Santé), Center for Health Studies , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Thomas Lempert
- Department of Neurology, Schlosspark-klinik , Berlin , Germany
| | - Roberto Teggi
- ENT Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Alexandre Bisdorff
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch , Esch-sur-Alzette , Luxembourg
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Altered Actions of Memantine and NMDA-Induced Currents in a New Grid2-Deleted Mouse Line. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5:1095-114. [PMID: 25513882 PMCID: PMC4276928 DOI: 10.3390/genes5041095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Memantine is a non-competitive antagonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and is an approved drug for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease. We identified a mouse strain with a naturally occurring mutation and an ataxic phenotype that presents with severe leg cramps. To investigate the phenotypes of these mutant mice, we screened several phenotype-modulating drugs and found that memantine (10 mg/kg) disrupted the sense of balance in the mutants. Moreover, the mutant mice showed an attenuated optokinetic response (OKR) and impaired OKR learning, which was also observed in wild-type mice treated with memantine. Microsatellite analyses indicated that the Grid2 gene-deletion is responsible for these phenotypes. Patch-clamp analysis showed a relatively small change in NMDA-dependent current in cultured granule cells from Grid2 gene-deleted mice, suggesting that GRID2 is important for correct NMDA receptor function. In general, NMDA receptors are activated after the activation of non-NMDA receptors, such as AMPA receptors, and AMPA receptor dysregulation also occurs in Grid2 mutant mice. Indeed, the AMPA treatment enhanced memantine susceptibility in wild-type mice, which was indicated by balance sense and OKR impairments. The present study explores a new role for GRID2 and highlights the adverse effects of memantine in different genetic backgrounds.
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30
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Gene delivery in mouse auditory brainstem and hindbrain using in utero electroporation. Mol Brain 2014; 7:51. [PMID: 25063346 PMCID: PMC4222606 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-014-0051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manipulation of gene expression via recombinant viral vectors and creation of transgenic knock-out/in animals has revolutionized our understanding of genes that play critical roles during neuronal development and pathophysiology of neurological disorders. Recently, target-specific genetic manipulations are made possible to perform in combination with specific Cre-lines, albeit costly, labor-intensive and time consuming. Thus, alternative methods of gene manipulations to address important biological questions are highly desirable. In this study, we utilized in utero electroporation technique which involves efficient delivery of hindbrain-specific enhancer/promoter construct, Krox20 into the third ventricle of live mouse embryo to investigate green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression pattern in mouse auditory brainstem and other hindbrain neurons. RESULTS We created a GFP/DNA construct containing a Krox20 B enhancer and β-globin promoter to drive GFP expression in the hindbrain via injection into the third ventricle of E12 to E13.5 mice. Electrical currents were applied directly to the embryonic hindbrain to allow DNA uptake into the cell. Confocal images were then acquired from fixed brain slices to analyze GFP expression in mouse whole brain at different postnatal stages (P6-P21). By using a cell-type specific enhancer as well as region specific injection and electroporation, robust GFP expression in the cerebellum and auditory brainstem but not in the forebrain was observed. GFP expression in calyx of Held terminals was more robust in <P15 compared to >P15 mice. In contrast, GFP expression in MNTB neurons was more prevalent in >P15 compared to <P15. In regards to the relative expression of GFP versus the synaptic marker Vglut1, percentage fluorescence GFP intensity in the calyx was higher in P11 to P15 than P6 to P10 and P16 to P21 groups. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this technique would potentially allow hindbrain-specific genetic manipulations such as knock-down, knock-in and rescue experiments to unravel critical molecular substrates underpinning functional and morphological remodeling of synapses as well as understanding the pathophysiology of certain neurological disorders targeting not only the auditory brainstem but also other parts of hindbrain, most notably the cerebellum.
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