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Agarwal A, Praveen AP, Singhai K, Ashitha SNM, Purushottam M, Jain S, Moirangthem S. A rare case of Niemann Pick Disease with a novel variant in the NPC2 gene presenting with neuropsychiatric manifestations in middle age. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 97:104089. [PMID: 38838476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore (NIMHANS), 560029, India
| | - A Parvathy Praveen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore (NIMHANS), 560029, India
| | - Kartik Singhai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore (NIMHANS), 560029, India
| | - S N M Ashitha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore (NIMHANS), 560029, India
| | - Sydney Moirangthem
- Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Gladstone, Queensland 4680, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, India.
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Puente-Ruiz N, Ellis I, Bregu M, Chen C, Church HJ, Tylee KL, Gladston S, Hackett R, Oldham A, Virk S, Hendriksz C, Morris AA, Jones SA, Stepien KM. Long-term outcomes in two adult siblings with Fucosidosis - Diagnostic odyssey and clinical manifestations. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 37:101009. [PMID: 38053939 PMCID: PMC10694746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosidosis (OMIN# 230000) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSDs) caused by mutations in the FUCA1 gene, leading to alpha-L-fucosidase deficiency; it is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Fucosidosis represents a disease spectrum with a wide variety of clinical features, but most affected patients have slow neurologic deterioration. Many patients die young and the long-term clinical outcomes in adult patients are poorly documented. Here, we report the long-term follow up of two Caucasian siblings, a 31-year-old man and 25-year-old woman. We describe the clinical, biochemical, radiological and genetic findings in two siblings affected by Fucosidosis and the differences between them after 19-years follow up. The dermatological features of the younger sibling have been reported previously by Bharati et al. (2007). Both patients have typical features of Fucosidosis, such as learning difficulties, ataxia, and angiokeratomas with differing severity. Case 1 presents severe ataxia with greater limitation of mobility, multiple dysostoses, angiokeratomas on his limbs, retinal vein enlargement and increased tortuosity in the eye and gastrointestinal symptoms. Biochemical analysis demonstrated a deficiency of alpha-fucosidase in leucocytes. Case 2 has a greater number of angiokeratomas and has suffered three psychotic episodes. The diagnosis of Fucosidosis was confirmed in cultured skin fibroblast at the age of 12 years. Molecular analysis of the FUCA1 gene showed a heterozygous mutation c.998G > A p.(Gly333Asp), with a pathogenic exon 4 deletion in the other allele in both patients. Conclusion. Fucosidosis presents a wide clinical heterogeneity and intrafamilial variability of symptoms. Psychosis and gastrointestinal symptoms have not been reported previously in Fucosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Puente-Ruiz
- Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, López-Albo Post Residency Program, Santander, Spain
| | - Ian Ellis
- Clinical Genetics, Royal Liverpool Children Hospital, Alder Hey, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marsel Bregu
- Ophthalmology Department, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, UK
| | - Cliff Chen
- Clinical Neuropsychology Department, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Heather J. Church
- Willink Metabolic Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen L. Tylee
- Willink Metabolic Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Richard Hackett
- Neurology Department, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Andrew Oldham
- Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Surinder Virk
- Cardiology Department, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, UK
| | - Christian Hendriksz
- University of Pretoria, Steve Biko Academic Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Andrew A.M. Morris
- Willink Metabolic Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon A. Jones
- Willink Metabolic Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Karolina M. Stepien
- Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Brown JS. Treatment of cancer with antipsychotic medications: Pushing the boundaries of schizophrenia and cancer. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104809. [PMID: 35970416 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Over a century ago, the phenothiazine dye, methylene blue, was discovered to have both antipsychotic and anti-cancer effects. In the 20th-century, the first phenothiazine antipsychotic, chlorpromazine, was found to inhibit cancer. During the years of elucidating the pharmacology of the phenothiazines, reserpine, an antipsychotic with a long historical background, was likewise discovered to have anti-cancer properties. Research on the effects of antipsychotics on cancer continued slowly until the 21st century when efforts to repurpose antipsychotics for cancer treatment accelerated. This review examines the history of these developments, and identifies which antipsychotics might treat cancer, and which cancers might be treated by antipsychotics. The review also describes the molecular mechanisms through which antipsychotics may inhibit cancer. Although the overlap of molecular pathways between schizophrenia and cancer have been known or suspected for many years, no comprehensive review of the subject has appeared in the psychiatric literature to assess the significance of these similarities. This review fills that gap and discusses what, if any, significance the similarities have regarding the etiology of schizophrenia.
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