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Yuan S, Li Y, Bao F, Xu H, Yang Y, Yan Q, Zhong S, Yin H, Xu J, Huang Z, Lin J. Marine environmental monitoring with unmanned vehicle platforms: Present applications and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159741. [PMID: 36349622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Basic monitoring of the marine environment is crucial for the early warning and assessment of marine hydrometeorological conditions, climate change, and ecosystem disasters. In recent years, many marine environmental monitoring platforms have been established, such as offshore platforms, ships, or sensors placed on specially designed buoys or submerged marine structures. These platforms typically use a variety of sensors to provide high-quality observations, while they are limited by low spatial resolution and high cost during data acquisition. Satellite remote sensing allows monitoring over a larger ocean area; however, it is susceptible to cloud contamination and atmospheric effects that subject the results to large uncertainties. Unmanned vehicles have become more widely used as platforms in marine science and ocean engineering in recent years due to their ease of deployment, mobility, and the low cost involved in data acquisition. Researchers can acquire data according to their schedules and convenience, offering significant improvements over those obtained by traditional platforms. This study presents the state-of-the-art research on available unmanned vehicle observation platforms, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), underwater gliders (UGs), unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), and unmanned ships (USs), for marine environmental monitoring, and compares them with satellite remote sensing. The recent applications in marine environments have focused on marine biochemical and ecosystem features, marine physical features, marine pollution, and marine aerosols monitoring, and their integration with other products are also analysed. Additionally, the prospects of future ocean observation systems combining unmanned vehicle platforms (UVPs), global and regional autonomous platform networks, and remote sensing data are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Yuan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150059, China; Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fangwen Bao
- Center for Oceanic and Atmospheric Science at SUSTech (COAST), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiushi Yan
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqiao Zhong
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoyang Yin
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiajun Xu
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Ospina-Rozo L, Roberts A, Stuart-Fox D. A generalized approach to characterize optical properties of natural objects. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To understand the diversity of ways in which natural materials interact with light, it is important to consider how their reflectance changes with the angle of illumination or viewing and to consider wavelengths beyond the visible. Efforts to characterize these optical properties, however, have been hampered by heterogeneity in measurement techniques, parameters and terminology. Here, we propose a standardized set of measurements, parameters and terminology to describe the optical properties of natural objects based on spectrometry, including angle-dependent effects, such as iridescence and specularity. We select a set of existing measurements and parameters that are generalizable to any wavelength range and spectral shape, and we highlight which subsets of measures are relevant to different biological questions. As a case study, we have applied these measures to 30 species of Christmas beetles, in which we observed previously unrealized diversity in visible and near-infrared reflectance. As expected, reflection of short wavelengths was associated with high spectral purity and angle dependence. In contrast to simple, artificial structures, iridescence and specularity were not strongly correlated, highlighting the complexity and modularity of natural materials. Species did not cluster according to spectral parameters or genus, suggesting high lability of optical properties. The proposed standardization of measures and parameters will improve our understanding of biological adaptations for manipulating light by facilitating the systematic comparison of complex optical properties, such as glossy or metallic appearances and visible or near-infrared iridescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ospina-Rozo
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne , VIC 3010 , Australia
| | - Ann Roberts
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, School of Physics, University of Melbourne , VIC 3010 , Australia
| | - Devi Stuart-Fox
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne , VIC 3010 , Australia
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Franklin AM, Rankin KJ, Ospina Rozo L, Medina I, Garcia JE, Ng L, Dong C, Wang L, Aulsebrook AE, Stuart‐Fox D. Cracks in the mirror hypothesis: High specularity does not reduce detection or predation risk. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Franklin
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Katrina J. Rankin
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Laura Ospina Rozo
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Iliana Medina
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Jair E. Garcia
- Bio‐Inspired Digital Sensing Lab RMIT University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Leslie Ng
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Caroline Dong
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Lu‐Yi Wang
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Anne E. Aulsebrook
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
| | - Devi Stuart‐Fox
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Parkville Vic. Australia
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Echeverri SA, Miller AE, Chen J, McQueen EW, Plakke M, Spicer M, Hoke KL, Stoddard MC, Morehouse NI. How signaling geometry shapes the efficacy and evolution of animal communication systems. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:787-813. [PMID: 34021338 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal communication is inherently spatial. Both signal transmission and signal reception have spatial biases-involving direction, distance and position-that interact to determine signaling efficacy. Signals, be they visual, acoustic, or chemical, are often highly directional. Likewise, receivers may only be able to detect signals if they arrive from certain directions. Alignment between these directional biases is therefore critical for effective communication, with even slight misalignments disrupting perception of signaled information. In addition, signals often degrade as they travel from signaler to receiver, and environmental conditions that impact transmission can vary over even small spatiotemporal scales. Thus, how animals position themselves during communication is likely to be under strong selection. Despite this, our knowledge regarding the spatial arrangements of signalers and receivers during communication remains surprisingly coarse for most systems. We know even less about how signaler and receiver behaviors contribute to effective signaling alignment over time, or how signals themselves may have evolved to influence and/or respond to these aspects of animal communication. Here, we first describe why researchers should adopt a more explicitly geometric view of animal signaling, including issues of location, direction, and distance. We then describe how environmental and social influences introduce further complexities to the geometry of signaling. We discuss how multimodality offers new challenges and opportunities for signalers and receivers. We conclude with recommendations and future directions made visible by attention to the geometry of signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Audrey E Miller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - Jason Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Eden W McQueen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Melissa Plakke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Michelle Spicer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Biology Department, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA
| | - Kim L Hoke
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | | | - Nathan I Morehouse
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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6
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White TE, Latty T. Flies improve the salience of iridescent sexual signals by orienting toward the sun. Behav Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Sunlight is the ultimate source of most visual signals. Theory predicts strong selection for its effective use during communication, with functional links between signal designs and display behaviors a likely result. This is particularly true for iridescent structural colors, whose moment-to-moment appearance bears a heightened sensitivity to the position of signalers, receivers, and the sun. Here, we experimentally tested this prediction using Lispe cana, a muscid fly in which males present their structurally colored faces and wings to females during ground-based sexual displays. In field-based assays, we found that males actively bias the orientation of their displays toward the solar azimuth under conditions of full sunlight and do so across the entire day. This bias breaks down, however, when the sun is naturally concealed by heavy cloud or experimentally obscured. Our modeling of the appearance of male signals revealed clear benefits for the salience of male ornaments, with a roughly 4-fold increase in subjective luminance achievable through accurate display orientation. These findings offer fine-scale, causal evidence for the active control of sexual displays to enhance the appearance of iridescent signals. More broadly, they speak to predicted coevolution between dynamic signal designs and presentation behaviors, and support arguments for a richer appreciation of the fluidity of visual communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E White
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tanya Latty
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Garcia JE, Shrestha M, Ospina-Rozo L, Dekiwadia C, Field MR, Ma JS, Tran N, Dyer AG, Fox K, Greentree AD. Iridescence and hydrophobicity have no clear delineation that explains flower petal micro-surface. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10685. [PMID: 32606366 PMCID: PMC7326983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant organs including flowers and leaves typically have a variety of different micro-structures present on the epidermal surface. These structures can produce measurable optical effects with viewing angle including shifts in peak reflectance and intensity; however, these different structures can also modulate hydrophobic properties of the surfaces. For some species optical effects have been proposed to act as signals to enhance pollination interactions, whilst the ability to efficiently shed water provides physiological advantages to plants in terms of gas exchange and reducing infections. Currently, little is known about epidermal surface structure of flowering plants in the Southern Hemisphere, and how micro-surface may be related with either hydrophobicity or visual signalling. We measured four Australian native species and two naturalised species using a combination of techniques including SEM imaging, spectral sampling with a goniometer and contact angle measurements. Spectral data were evaluated in relation to published psychophysics results for important pollinators and reveal that potential visual changes, where present, were unlikely to be perceived by relevant pollinators. Nevertheless, hydrophobicity also did not simply explain petal surfaces as similar structures could in some cases result in very different levels of water repellency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jair E Garcia
- Bio-Inspired Digital Sensing Solutions (BIDS) Lab, School of Media and Communication, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia.
| | - Mani Shrestha
- Bio-Inspired Digital Sensing Solutions (BIDS) Lab, School of Media and Communication, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia.,Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia
| | - Laura Ospina-Rozo
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3053, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
| | - Matthew R Field
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
| | - Ji Sheng Ma
- Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy (MCEM), Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
| | - Adrian G Dyer
- Bio-Inspired Digital Sensing Solutions (BIDS) Lab, School of Media and Communication, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia
| | - Kate Fox
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
| | - Andrew D Greentree
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
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Simpson RK, McGraw KJ. Interspecific Covariation in Courtship Displays, Iridescent Plumage, Solar Orientation, and Their Interactions in Hummingbirds. Am Nat 2019; 194:441-454. [DOI: 10.1086/704774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Wilts BD, Vignolini S. Living light: optics, ecology and design principles of natural photonic structures. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20180071. [PMCID: PMC6304005 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bodo D. Wilts
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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