1
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Rens EG, Merks RM. Cell Shape and Durotaxis Explained from Cell-Extracellular Matrix Forces and Focal Adhesion Dynamics. iScience 2020; 23:101488. [PMID: 32896767 PMCID: PMC7482025 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cells are small and rounded on soft extracellular matrices (ECM), elongated on stiffer ECMs, and flattened on hard ECMs. Cells also migrate up stiffness gradients (durotaxis). Using a hybrid cellular Potts and finite-element model extended with ODE-based models of focal adhesion (FA) turnover, we show that the full range of cell shape and durotaxis can be explained in unison from dynamics of FAs, in contrast to previous mathematical models. In our 2D cell-shape model, FAs grow due to cell traction forces. Forces develop faster on stiff ECMs, causing FAs to stabilize and, consequently, cells to spread on stiff ECMs. If ECM stress further stabilizes FAs, cells elongate on substrates of intermediate stiffness. We show that durotaxis follows from the same set of assumptions. Our model contributes to the understanding of the basic responses of cells to ECM stiffness, paving the way for future modeling of more complex cell-ECM interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth G. Rens
- Scientific Computing, CWI, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Mathematics Department, University of British Columbia, Mathematics Road 1984, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Roeland M.H. Merks
- Scientific Computing, CWI, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, the Netherlands
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2
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Li L, Kang W, Wang J. Mechanical Model for Catch-Bond-Mediated Cell Adhesion in Shear Flow. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020584. [PMID: 31963253 PMCID: PMC7013535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Catch bond, whose lifetime increases with applied tensile force, can often mediate rolling adhesion of cells in a hydrodynamic environment. However, the mechanical mechanism governing the kinetics of rolling adhesion of cells through catch-bond under shear flow is not yet clear. In this study, a mechanical model is proposed for catch-bond-mediated cell adhesion in shear flow. The stochastic reaction of bond formation and dissociation is described as a Markovian process, whereas the dynamic motion of cells follows classical analytical mechanics. The steady state of cells significantly depends on the shear rate of flow. The upper and lower critical shear rates required for cell detachment and attachment are extracted, respectively. When the shear rate increases from the lower threshold to the upper threshold, cell rolling became slower and more regular, implying the flow-enhanced adhesion phenomenon. Our results suggest that this flow-enhanced stability of rolling adhesion is attributed to the competition between stochastic reactions of bonds and dynamics of cell rolling, instead of force lengthening the lifetime of catch bonds, thereby challenging the current view in understanding the mechanism behind this flow-enhanced adhesion phenomenon. Moreover, the loading history of flow defining bistability of cell adhesion in shear flow is predicted. These theoretical predictions are verified by Monte Carlo simulations and are related to the experimental observations reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
- PULS Group, Institute for Theoretical Physics, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Wei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Jizeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.W.)
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3
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Xie K, Yang Y, Jiang H. Controlling Cellular Volume via Mechanical and Physical Properties of Substrate. Biophys J 2019; 114:675-687. [PMID: 29414713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.3785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical and physical properties of substrate play a crucial role in regulating many cell functions and behaviors. However, how these properties affect cell volume is still unclear. Here, we show that an increase in substrate stiffness, available spread area, or effective adhesion energy density results in a remarkable cell volume decrease (up to 50%), and the dynamic cell spreading process is also accompanied by dramatic cell volume decrease. Further, studies of ion channel inhibition and osmotic shock suggest that these volume decreases are due to the efflux of water and ions. We also show that disrupting cortex contractility leads to bigger cell volume. Collectively, these results reveal the "mechanism of adhesion-induced compression of cells," i.e., stronger interaction between cell and substrate leads to higher actomyosin contractility, expels water and ions, and thus decreases cell volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuehua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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4
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Moshaei MH, Tehrani M, Sarvestani A. On Stability of Specific Adhesion of Particles to Membranes in Simple Shear Flow. J Biomech Eng 2018; 141:2696679. [PMID: 30098158 DOI: 10.1115/1.4041046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion of carrier particles to the luminal surface of endothelium under hemodynamic flow conditions is critical for successful vascular drug delivery. Endothelial cells line the inner surface of blood vessels. The effect of mechanical behavior of this compliant surface on the adhesion of blood-borne particles is unknown. In this contribution, we use a phase-plane method, first developed by Hammer and Lauffenburger [Biophysical Journal, 52, 475 (1987)], to analyze the stability of specific adhesion of a spherical particle to a compliant interface layer. We construct a phase diagram that predicts the state of particle adhesion, subjected to an incident simple shear flow, in terms of interfacial elasticity, shear rate, binding affinity of cell adhesive molecules, and their surface density. The main conclusion is that the local deformation of the flexible interface inhibits the stable adhesion of the particle. In comparison with adhesion to a rigid substrate, a greater ligand density is required to establish a stable adhesion between a particle and a compliant interface. The results can be used for the rational design of particles in vascular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Tehrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens OH 45701, USA
| | - Alireza Sarvestani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens OH 45701, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mercer University, Macon GA 31207, USA
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5
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Johnson KC, Thomas WE. How Do We Know when Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy Really Tests Single Bonds? Biophys J 2018; 114:2032-2039. [PMID: 29742396 PMCID: PMC5961468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-molecule force spectroscopy makes it possible to measure the mechanical strength of single noncovalent receptor-ligand-type bonds. A major challenge in this technique is to ensure that measurements reflect bonds between single biomolecules because the molecules cannot be directly observed. This perspective evaluates different methodologies for identifying and reducing the contribution of multiple molecule interactions to single-molecule measurements to help the reader design experiments or assess publications in the single-molecule force spectroscopy field. We apply our analysis to the large body of literature that purports to measure the strength of single bonds between biotin and streptavidin as a demonstration that measurements are only reproducible when the most reliable methods for ensuring single molecules are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith C Johnson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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6
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Zhang T, Mbanga BL, Yashin VV, Balazs AC. Tailoring the mechanical properties of nanoparticle networks that encompass biomimetic catch bonds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Badel L. Mbanga
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Victor V. Yashin
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Anna C. Balazs
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261
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7
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Yu S, Wang H, Ni Y, He L, Huang M, Lin Y, Qian J, Jiang H. Tuning interfacial patterns of molecular bonds via surface morphology. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:5970-5976. [PMID: 28869265 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix can significantly influence the morphology, strength and lifetime of focal adhesions. However, how the morphology of the contact surface affects the pattern formation of the molecular bonds still remains largely unknown. Here, by simplifying the cell and extracellular matrix to two opposing elastic bodies and considering the lateral diffusion as well as the bonding/debonding of molecular bonds, we study the clustering behavior of receptor-ligand bonds between curved surfaces and the phase diagrams of cluster patterns. We reveal the important role of surface morphology and bond kinetics in regulating the patterns of bond clusters. We further investigate the segregation dynamics of the interfacial bonds under various loading speeds, and we show that the average interfacial stress is rate-dependent while the rupture stress is rate-independent. Finally, we demonstrate that programmable patterning of bond clusters can be achieved through the designed surface morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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8
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Tehrani M, Sarvestani AS. Force-driven growth of intercellular junctions. J Theor Biol 2017; 421:101-111. [PMID: 28377302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical force regulates the formation and growth of cell-cell junctions. Cadherin is a prominent homotypic cell adhesion molecule that plays a crucial role in establishment of intercellular adhesion. It is known that the transmitted force through the cadherin-mediated junctions directly correlates with the growth and enlargement of the junctions. In this paper, we propose a physical model for the structural evolution of cell-cell junctions subjected to pulling tractions, using the Bell-Dembo-Bongard thermodynamic model. Cadherins have multiple adhesive states and may establish slip or catch bonds depending on the Ca2+ concentration. We conducted a comparative study between the force-dependent behavior of clusters of slip and catch bonds. The results show that the clusters of catch bonds feature some hallmarks of cell mechanotransduction in response to the pulling traction. This is a passive thermodynamic response and is entirely controlled by the effect of mechanical work of the pulling force on the free energy landscape of the junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tehrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, United States
| | - Alireza S Sarvestani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, United States.
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9
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Li L, Zhang W, Wang J. A viscoelastic-stochastic model of the effects of cytoskeleton remodelling on cell adhesion. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:160539. [PMID: 27853571 PMCID: PMC5098996 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells can adapt their mechanical properties through cytoskeleton remodelling in response to external stimuli when the cells adhere to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Many studies have investigated the effects of cell and ECM elasticity on cell adhesion. However, experiments determined that cells are viscoelastic and exhibiting stress relaxation, and the mechanism behind the effect of cellular viscoelasticity on the cell adhesion behaviour remains unclear. Therefore, we propose a theoretical model of a cluster of ligand-receptor bonds between two dissimilar viscoelastic media subjected to an applied tensile load. In this model, the distribution of interfacial traction is assumed to follow classical continuum viscoelastic equations, whereas the rupture and rebinding of individual molecular bonds are governed by stochastic equations. On the basis of this model, we determined that viscosity can significantly increase the lifetime, stability and dynamic strength of the adhesion cluster of molecular bonds, because deformation relaxation attributed to the viscoelastic property can increase the rebinding probability of each open bond and reduce the stress concentration in the adhesion area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jizeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
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10
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Mbanga BL, Iyer BVS, Yashin VV, Balazs AC. Tuning the Mechanical Properties of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticle Networks through the Use of Biomimetic Catch Bonds. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Badel L. Mbanga
- Chemical
Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Balaji V. S. Iyer
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Victor V. Yashin
- Chemical
Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Anna C. Balazs
- Chemical
Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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11
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Dong C, Chen B. Catch-slip bonds can be dispensable for motor force regulation during skeletal muscle contraction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:012723. [PMID: 26274218 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.012723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It is intriguing how multiple molecular motors can perform coordinated and synchronous functions, which is essential in various cellular processes. Recent studies on skeletal muscle might have shed light on this issue, where rather precise motor force regulation was partly attributed to the specific stochastic features of a single attached myosin motor. Though attached motors can randomly detach from actin filaments either through an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis cycle or through "catch-slip bond" breaking, their respective contribution in motor force regulation has not been clarified. Here, through simulating a mechanical model of sarcomere with a coupled Monte Carlo method and finite element method, we find that the stochastic features of an ATP hydrolysis cycle can be sufficient while those of catch-slip bonds can be dispensable for motor force regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenling Dong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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12
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Jiang H, Qian J, Lin Y, Ni Y, He L. Aggregation dynamics of molecular bonds between compliant materials. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:2812-2820. [PMID: 25706682 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02903h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we develop a mechanochemical modeling framework in which the spatial-temporal evolution of receptor-ligand bonds takes place at the interface between two compliant media in the presence of an externally applied tensile load. Bond translocation, dissociation and association occur simultaneously, resulting in dynamic aggregation of molecular bonds that is regulated by mechanical factors such as material compliance and applied stress. The results show that bond aggregation is energetically favorable in the out-of-equilibrium process with convoluted time scales from bond diffusion and reaction. Material stiffness is predicted to contribute to adhesion growth and an optimal level of applied stress leads to the maximized size of bond clusters for integrin-based adhesion, consistent with related experimental observations on focal adhesions of cell-matrix interactions. The stress distribution within bond clusters is generally non-uniform and governed by the stress concentration index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Jiang
- Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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13
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Chen X, Mao Z, Chen B. Probing time-dependent mechanical behaviors of catch bonds based on two-state models. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7868. [PMID: 25598078 PMCID: PMC4297987 DOI: 10.1038/srep07868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With lifetime counter-intuitively being prolonged under forces, catch bonds can play critical roles in various sub-cellular processes. By adopting different “catching” strategies within the framework of two-state models, we construct two types of catch bonds that have a similar force-lifetime profile upon a constant force-clamp load. However, when a single catch bond of either type is subjected to varied forces, we find that they can behave very differently in both force history dependence and bond strength. We further find that a cluster of catch bonds of either type generally becomes unstable when subjected to a periodically oscillating force, which is consistent with experimental results. These results provide important insights into versatile time-dependent mechanical behaviors of catch bonds. We suggest that it is necessary to further differentiate those bonds that are all phenomenologically referred to as “Catch bonds”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiu Mao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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14
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Elosegui-Artola A, Bazellières E, Allen MD, Andreu I, Oria R, Sunyer R, Gomm JJ, Marshall JF, Jones JL, Trepat X, Roca-Cusachs P. Rigidity sensing and adaptation through regulation of integrin types. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:631-7. [PMID: 24793358 PMCID: PMC4031069 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tissue rigidity regulates processes in development, cancer and wound healing. However, how cells detect rigidity, and thereby modulate their behaviour, remains unknown. Here, we show that sensing and adaptation to matrix rigidity in breast myoepithelial cells is determined by the bond dynamics of different integrin types. Cell binding to fibronectin through either α5β1 integrins (constitutively expressed) or αvβ6 integrins (selectively expressed in cancer and development) adapts force generation, actin flow and integrin recruitment to rigidities associated with healthy or malignant tissue, respectively. In vitro experiments and theoretical modelling further demonstrate that this behaviour is explained by the different binding and unbinding rates of both integrin types to fibronectin. Moreover, rigidity sensing through differences in integrin bond dynamics applies both when integrins bind separately and when they compete for binding to fibronectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Elosegui-Artola
- Centre for Tumour Biology Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence. Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Michael D. Allen
- Centre for Tumour Biology Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence. Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ion Andreu
- CEIT and TECNUN (University of Navarra). Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Roger Oria
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raimon Sunyer
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer J. Gomm
- Centre for Tumour Biology Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence. Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - John F. Marshall
- Centre for Tumour Biology Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence. Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - J. Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology Barts Cancer Institute - a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence. Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Authors for correspondence: Pere Roca-Cusachs, PhD, Assistant professor, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia / University of Barcelona, C/ Baldiri i Reixac, 15-21, 08028, Barcelona Spain, Tel: (+34) 934 020 863, ; Xavier Trepat, PhD, ICREA Research Professor, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, C/ Baldiri i Reixac, 15-21, 08028, Barcelona Spain, Tel: (+34) 934 020 265,
| | - Pere Roca-Cusachs
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Authors for correspondence: Pere Roca-Cusachs, PhD, Assistant professor, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia / University of Barcelona, C/ Baldiri i Reixac, 15-21, 08028, Barcelona Spain, Tel: (+34) 934 020 863, ; Xavier Trepat, PhD, ICREA Research Professor, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, C/ Baldiri i Reixac, 15-21, 08028, Barcelona Spain, Tel: (+34) 934 020 265,
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15
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Schwarz US. Catch me because you can: a mathematical model for mechanosensing. Biophys J 2014; 105:1289-91. [PMID: 24047978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich S Schwarz
- BioQuant and Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Novikova EA, Storm C. Contractile fibers and catch-bond clusters: a biological force sensor? Biophys J 2014; 105:1336-45. [PMID: 24047984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Catch bonds are cellular receptor-ligand pairs whose lifetime, counterintuitively, increases with increasing load. Although their existence was initially pure theoretical speculation, recent years have seen several experimental demonstrations of catch-bond behavior in biologically relevant and functional protein-protein bonds. Particularly notable among these established catch-bond formers is the integrin α5β1, the primary receptor for fibronectin and, as such, a crucial determinant for the characteristics of the mechanical coupling between cell and matrix. In this work, we explore the implications of single catch-bond characteristics for the behavior of a load-sharing cluster of such bonds: These clusters are shown to possess a regime of strengthening with increasing applied force, similar to the manner in which focal adhesions become selectively reinforced. Our results may shed new light on the fundamental processes that allow cells to sense and respond to the mechanical properties of their environment and in particular show how single focal adhesions may act, autonomously, as local rigidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta A Novikova
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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