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Yang X, Liang Z, Luo Y, Yuan X, Cai Y, Yu D, Xing X. Single-cell impedance cytometry of anticancer drug-treated tumor cells exhibiting mitotic arrest state to apoptosis using low-cost silver-PDMS microelectrodes. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4848-4859. [PMID: 37860975 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00459g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel and vinblastine interact with microtubules and thus induce complex cell states of mitosis arrest at the G2/M phase followed by apoptosis dependent on drug exposure time and concentration. Microfluidic impedance cytometry (MIC), as a label-free and high-throughput technology for single-cell analysis, has been applied for viability assay of cancer cells post drug exposure at fixed time and dosage, yet verification of this technique for varied tumor cell states after anticancer drug treatment remains a challenge. Here we present a novel MIC device and for the first time perform impedance cytometry on carcinoma cells exhibiting progressive states of G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis related to drug concentration and exposure time, after treatments with paclitaxel and vinblastine, respectively. Our results from impedance cytometry reveal increased amplitude and negative phase shift at low frequency as well as higher opacity for HeLa cells under G2/M mitotic arrest compared to untreated cells. The cells under apoptosis, on the other hand, exhibit opposite changes in these electrical parameters. Therefore, the impedance features differentiate the HeLa cells under progressive states post anticancer drug treatment. We also demonstrate that vinblastine poses a more potent drug effect than paclitaxel especially at low concentrations. Our device is fabricated using a unique sacrificial layer-free soft lithography process as compared to the existing MIC device, which gives rise to readily aligned parallel microelectrodes made of silver-PDMS embedded in PDMS channel sidewalls with one molding step. Our results uncover the potential of the MIC device, with a fairly simple and low-cost fabrication process, for cellular state screening in anticancer drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Yang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North 3rd Ring Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ziheng Liang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North 3rd Ring Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xueyuan Yuan
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North 3rd Ring Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yao Cai
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North 3rd Ring Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Duli Yu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North 3rd Ring Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Xing
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North 3rd Ring Rd., Beijing, 100029, China.
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2
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Zhu W, Wang J, Luo H, Luo B, Li X, Liu S, Li C. Electrical Characterization and Analysis of Single Cells and Related Applications. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:907. [PMID: 37887100 PMCID: PMC10605054 DOI: 10.3390/bios13100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Biological parameters extracted from electrical signals from various body parts have been used for many years to analyze the human body and its behavior. In addition, electrical signals from cancer cell lines, normal cells, and viruses, among others, have been widely used for the detection of various diseases. Single-cell parameters such as cell and cytoplasmic conductivity, relaxation frequency, and membrane capacitance are important. There are many techniques available to characterize biomaterials, such as nanotechnology, microstrip cavity resonance measurement, etc. This article reviews single-cell isolation and sorting techniques, such as the micropipette separation method, separation and sorting system (dual electrophoretic array system), DEPArray sorting system (dielectrophoretic array system), cell selector sorting system, and microfluidic and valve devices, and discusses their respective advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, it summarizes common single-cell electrical manipulations, such as single-cell amperometry (SCA), electrical impedance sensing (EIS), impedance flow cytometry (IFC), cell-based electrical impedance (CEI), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and integrated microelectrode array (IMA). The article also enumerates the application and significance of single-cell electrochemical analysis from the perspectives of CTC liquid biopsy, recombinant adenovirus, tumor cells like lung cancer DTCs (LC-DTCs), and single-cell metabolomics analysis. The paper concludes with a discussion of the current limitations faced by single-cell analysis techniques along with future directions and potential application scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Zhu
- Clinical Medicine (Eight-Year Program), West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China; (W.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiaao Wang
- Clinical Medicine (Eight-Year Program), West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China; (W.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Hongzhi Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi 563002, China;
| | - Binwen Luo
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China;
| | - Xue Li
- Sichuan Hanyuan County People’s Hospital, Hanyuan 625300, China;
| | - Shan Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Chenzhong Li
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
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3
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Petchakup C, Yang H, Gong L, He L, Tay HM, Dalan R, Chung AJ, Li KHH, Hou HW. Microfluidic Impedance-Deformability Cytometry for Label-Free Single Neutrophil Mechanophenotyping. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104822. [PMID: 35253966 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic biophysical states of neutrophils are associated with immune dysfunctions in diseases. While advanced image-based biophysical flow cytometers can probe cell deformability at high throughput, it is nontrivial to couple different sensing modalities (e.g., electrical) to measure other critical cell attributes including cell viability and membrane integrity. Herein, an "optics-free" impedance-deformability cytometer for multiparametric single cell mechanophenotyping is reported. The microfluidic platform integrates hydrodynamic cell pinching, and multifrequency impedance quantification of cell size, deformability, and membrane impedance (indicative of cell viability and activation). A newly-defined "electrical deformability index" is validated by numerical simulations, and shows strong correlations with the optical cell deformability index of HL-60 experimentally. Human neutrophils treated with various biochemical stimul are further profiled, and distinct differences in multimodal impedance signatures and UMAP analysis are observed. Overall, the integrated cytometer enables label-free cell profiling at throughput of >1000 cells min-1 without any antibodies labeling to facilitate clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayakorn Petchakup
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Haoning Yang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lingyan Gong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Linwei He
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hui Min Tay
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Rinkoo Dalan
- Endocrinology Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jln Tan Tock Seng Road, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Aram J Chung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - King Ho Holden Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building Level 11, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
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4
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Wang M, Zhang J, Tan H, Chen D, Lei Y, Li Y, Wang J, Chen J. Inherent Single-Cell Bioelectrical Parameters of Thousands of Neutrophils, Eosinophils and Basophils Derived from Impedance Flow Cytometry. Cytometry A 2022; 101:639-647. [PMID: 35419939 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell bioelectrical properties are commonly used for blood cell phenotyping in a label-free manner. However, previously reported inherent single-cell bioelectrical parameters (e.g., diameter Dc , specific membrane capacitance Csm and cytoplasmic conductivity σcy ) of neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils were obtained from only tens of individual cells with limited statistical significance. In this study, granulocytes were separated into neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils based on fluorescent flow cytometry, which were further aspirated through a constriction-microchannel impedance flow cytometry for electrical property characterization. Based on this microfluidic impedance flow cytometry, single-cell values of Dc , Csm and σcy were measured as 10.25 ± 0.66 μm, 2.17 ± 0.30 μF/cm2 , and 0.37 ± 0.05 S/m for neutrophils (ncell = 9 442); 9.73 ± 0.51 μm, 2.07 ± 0.19 μF/cm2 , and 0.30 ± 0.04 S/m for eosinophils (ncell = 2 982); 9.75 ± 0.49 μm, 2.06 ± 0.17 μF/cm2 , and 0.31 ± 0.04 S/m for basophils (ncell = 5 377). Based on these inherent single-cell bioelectrical parameters, neural pattern recognition was conducted, producing classification rates of 80.8% (neutrophil vs. eosinophil), 77.7% (neutrophil vs. basophil) and 59.3% (neutrophil vs. basophil). These results indicate that as inherent single-cell bioelectrical parameters, Dc , Csm and σcy can be used to classify neutrophils from eosinophils or basophils to some extent while they cannot be used to effectively distinguish eosinophils from basophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minruihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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5
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de Sousa BM, Correia CR, Ferreira JAF, Mano JF, Furlani EP, Soares Dos Santos MP, Vieira SI. Capacitive interdigitated system of high osteoinductive/conductive performance for personalized acting-sensing implants. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:80. [PMID: 34815414 PMCID: PMC8611088 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement orthopedic surgeries are among the most common surgeries worldwide, but clinically used passive implants cannot prevent failure rates and inherent revision arthroplasties. Optimized non-instrumented implants, resorting to preclinically tested bioactive coatings, improve initial osseointegration but lack long-term personalized actuation on the bone-implant interface. Novel bioelectronic devices comprising biophysical stimulators and sensing systems are thus emerging, aiming for long-term control of peri-implant bone growth through biointerface monitoring. These acting-sensing dual systems require high frequency (HF) operations able to stimulate osteoinduction/osteoconduction, including matrix maturation and mineralization. A sensing-compatible capacitive stimulator of thin interdigitated electrodes and delivering an electrical 60 kHz HF stimulation, 30 min/day, is here shown to promote osteoconduction in pre-osteoblasts and osteoinduction in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). HF stimulation through this capacitive interdigitated system had significant effects on osteoblasts' collagen-I synthesis, matrix, and mineral deposition. A proteomic analysis of microvesicles released from electrically-stimulated osteoblasts revealed regulation of osteodifferentiation and mineralization-related proteins (e.g. Tgfb3, Ttyh3, Itih1, Aldh1a1). Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD028551. Further, under HF stimulation, hASCs exhibited higher osteogenic commitment and enhanced hydroxyapatite deposition. These promising osteoinductive/conductive capacitive stimulators will integrate novel bioelectronic implants able to monitor the bone-implant interface and deliver personalized stimulation to peri-implant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara M de Sousa
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Clara R Correia
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A F Ferreira
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Edward P Furlani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Marco P Soares Dos Santos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Faculty of Engineering, Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (LAETA), University of Porto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sandra I Vieira
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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6
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Zhang Z, Huang X, Liu K, Lan T, Wang Z, Zhu Z. Recent Advances in Electrical Impedance Sensing Technology for Single-Cell Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:470. [PMID: 34821686 PMCID: PMC8615761 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity is of significance in cell-based assays for life science, biomedicine and clinical diagnostics. Electrical impedance sensing technology has become a powerful tool, allowing for rapid, non-invasive, and label-free acquisition of electrical parameters of single cells. These electrical parameters, i.e., equivalent cell resistance, membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity, are closely related to cellular biophysical properties and dynamic activities, such as size, morphology, membrane intactness, growth state, and proliferation. This review summarizes basic principles, analytical models and design concepts of single-cell impedance sensing devices, including impedance flow cytometry (IFC) to detect flow-through single cells and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to monitor immobilized single cells. Then, recent advances of both electrical impedance sensing systems applied in cell recognition, cell counting, viability detection, phenotypic assay, cell screening, and other cell detection are presented. Finally, prospects of impedance sensing technology in single-cell analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210018, China; (Z.Z.); (K.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210018, China; (Z.Z.); (K.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Tiancong Lan
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210018, China; (Z.Z.); (K.L.); (T.L.)
| | - Zixin Wang
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210018, China; (Z.Z.); (K.L.); (T.L.)
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7
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Xavier M, Kyriazi ME, Lanham S, Alexaki K, Matthews E, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T, Kanaras AG, Oreffo ROC. Enrichment of Skeletal Stem Cells from Human Bone Marrow Using Spherical Nucleic Acids. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6909-6916. [PMID: 33751885 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human bone marrow (BM)-derived stromal cells contain a population of skeletal stem cells (SSCs), with the capacity to differentiate along the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages, enabling their application to clinical therapies. However, current methods to isolate and enrich SSCs from human tissues remain, at best, challenging in the absence of a specific SSC marker. Unfortunately, none of the current proposed markers alone can isolate a homogeneous cell population with the ability to form bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue in humans. Here, we have designed DNA-gold nanoparticles able to identify and sort SSCs displaying specific mRNA signatures. The current approach demonstrates the significant enrichment attained in the isolation of SSCs, with potential therein to enhance our understanding of bone cell biology and translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Xavier
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Eleni Kyriazi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Lanham
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantina Alexaki
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Elloise Matthews
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios G Kanaras
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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8
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Zhong J, Yang D, Zhou Y, Liang M, Ai Y. Multi-frequency single cell electrical impedance measurement for label-free cell viability analysis. Analyst 2021; 146:1848-1858. [PMID: 33619511 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02476g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell viability is a physiological status connected to cell membrane integrity and cytoplasmic topography, which is profoundly important for fundamental biological research and practical biomedical applications. A conventional method for assessing cell viability is through cell staining analysis. However, cell staining involves laborious and complicated processing procedures and is normally cytotoxic. Intrinsic cellular phenotypes thus provide new avenues for measuring cell viability in a stain-free and non-toxic manner. In this work, we present a label-free non-destructive impedance-based approach for cell viability assessment by simultaneously characterizing multiple electrical cellular phenotypes in a high-throughput manner (>1000 cells per min). A novel concept called the complex opacity spectrum is introduced for improving the discrimination of live and dead cells. The analysis of the complex opacity spectrum leads to the discovery of two frequency ranges that are optimized for characterizing membranous and cytoplasmic electrical phenotypes. The present impedance-based approach has successfully discriminated between living and dead cells in two different experimental scenarios, including mixed living and dead cells in both homogenous and heterogeneous cell samples. This impedance-based single cell phenotyping technique provides highly accurate and consistent cell viability analysis, which has been validated by commercial fluorescence-based flow cytometry (∼1% difference) using heterogeneous cell samples. This label-free high-throughput cell viability analysis strategy will have broad applications in the field of biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhong
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
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9
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Honrado C, Michel N, Moore JH, Salahi A, Porterfield V, McConnell MJ, Swami NS. Label-Free Quantification of Cell Cycle Synchronicity of Human Neural Progenitor Cells Based on Electrophysiology Phenotypes. ACS Sens 2021; 6:156-165. [PMID: 33325234 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to coax human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) can lead to novel drug discovery and transplant therapy platforms for neurological diseases. Since hNPCs can form organoids that mimic brain development, there is emerging interest in their label-free characterization for controlling cell composition to optimize organoid formation in three-dimensional (3D) cultures. However, this requires the ability to quantify hNPCs in heterogeneous samples with subpopulations of similar phenotype. Using high-throughput (>6000 cells per condition), single-cell impedance cytometry, we present the utilization of electrophysiology for quantification of hNPC subpopulations that are altered in cell cycle synchronicity by camptothecin (CPT) exposure. Electrophysiology phenotypes are determined from impedance magnitude and phase metrics for distinguishing each cell cycle phase, as validated by flow cytometry, for a wide range of subpopulation proportions. Using multishell dielectric models for each cell cycle phase, electrophysiology alterations with CPT dose could be predicted. This label-free detection strategy can prevent loss of cell viability to speed the optimization of cellular compositions for organoid development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Honrado
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Nadine Michel
- Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - John H. Moore
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Armita Salahi
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Veronica Porterfield
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Michael J. McConnell
- Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Nathan S. Swami
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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10
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Honrado C, Bisegna P, Swami NS, Caselli F. Single-cell microfluidic impedance cytometry: from raw signals to cell phenotypes using data analytics. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:22-54. [PMID: 33331376 PMCID: PMC7909465 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00840k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The biophysical analysis of single-cells by microfluidic impedance cytometry is emerging as a label-free and high-throughput means to stratify the heterogeneity of cellular systems based on their electrophysiology. Emerging applications range from fundamental life-science and drug assessment research to point-of-care diagnostics and precision medicine. Recently, novel chip designs and data analytic strategies are laying the foundation for multiparametric cell characterization and subpopulation distinction, which are essential to understand biological function, follow disease progression and monitor cell behaviour in microsystems. In this tutorial review, we present a comparative survey of the approaches to elucidate cellular and subcellular features from impedance cytometry data, covering the related subjects of device design, data analytics (i.e., signal processing, dielectric modelling, population clustering), and phenotyping applications. We give special emphasis to the exciting recent developments of the technique (timeframe 2017-2020) and provide our perspective on future challenges and directions. Its synergistic application with microfluidic separation, sensor science and machine learning can form an essential toolkit for label-free quantification and isolation of subpopulations to stratify heterogeneous biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Honrado
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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11
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Kawai S, Suzuki M, Arimoto S, Korenaga T, Yasukawa T. Determination of membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity by simultaneous electrorotation. Analyst 2020; 145:4188-4195. [PMID: 32462157 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Membrane capacitances and cytoplasm conductivities of hematopoietic cells were investigated by simultaneous electrorotation (ROT) systems of multiple cells. Simultaneous ROT was achieved by the rotation of electric fields in grid arrays formed with three-dimensional interdigitated array (3D-IDA) electrodes that can be easily fabricated using two substrates with IDA electrodes. When AC signals were applied to four microband electrodes with a 90° phase difference to each electrode, cells dispersed randomly in the 3D-IDA device started to rotate and moved to the center of each grid. Multiple cells were simultaneously rotated at the center of grids without friction from contact with other cells and substrates. The averages and variance of ROT rates of cells at each frequency can be measured during a single operation of the device within 5 min, resulting in the acquisition of ROT spectra. Membrane capacitances and cytoplasm conductivities of hematopoietic cells (K562 cells, Jurkat cells, and THP-1 cells) were determined by fitting ROT spectra obtained experimentally to the curves calculated theoretically. The values determined by using the simultaneous ROT systems well coincided with the values reported previously. The membrane capacitances and cytoplasm conductivities of WEHI-231 cells were firstly determined to be 8.89 ± 0.25 mF m-2 and 0.28 ± 0.03 S m-1, respectively. Furthermore, the difference of the ROT rates based on the difference of the electric properties of cells was applied to discriminate the types of cells. The acquisition of rotation rates of multiple cells within a single operation makes the statistical analysis extremely profitable for determining the electrical properties of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikiho Kawai
- Department of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan.
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12
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Hedayatipour A, Aslanzadeh S, McFarlane N. CMOS based whole cell impedance sensing: Challenges and future outlook. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 143:111600. [PMID: 31479988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing need for multi-analyte point-of-care diagnosis devices, cell impedance measurement is a promising technique for integration with other sensing modalities. In this comprehensive review, the theory underlying cell impedance sensing, including the history, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) based implementations, and applications are critically assessed. Whole cell impedance sensing, also known as electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) or electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is an approach for studying and diagnosing living cells in in-vitro and in-vivo environments. The technique is popular since it is label-free, non-invasive, and low cost when compared to standard biochemical assays. CMOS cell impedance measurement systems have been focused on expanding their applications to numerous aspects of biological, environmental, and food safety applications. This paper presents and evaluates circuit topologies for whole cell impedance measurement. The presented review compares several existing CMOS designs, including the classification, measurement speed, and sensitivity of varying topologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Hedayatipour
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Shaghayegh Aslanzadeh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Nicole McFarlane
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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13
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang K, Wei Y, Xu Y, Huang C, Wang J, Chen J. Crossing constriction channel-based microfluidic cytometry capable of electrically phenotyping large populations of single cells. Analyst 2019; 144:1008-1015. [PMID: 30648705 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a crossing constriction channel-based microfluidic system for high-throughput characterization of specific membrane capacitance (Csm) and cytoplasm conductivity (σcy) of single cells. In operations, cells in suspension were forced through the major constriction channel and instead of invading the side constriction channel, they effectively sealed the side constriction channel, which led to variations in impedance data. Based on an equivalent circuit model, these raw impedance data were translated into Csm and σcy. As a demonstration, the developed microfluidic system quantified Csm (3.01 ± 0.92 μF cm-2) and σcy (0.36 ± 0.08 S m-1) of 100 000 A549 cells, which could generate reliable results by properly controlling cell positions during their traveling in the crossing constriction channels. Furthermore, the developed microfluidic impedance cytometry was used to distinguish paired low- and high-metastatic carcinoma cell types of SACC-83 (ncell = ∼100 000) and SACC-LM cells (ncell = ∼100 000), distinguishing significant differences in both Csm (3.16 ± 0.90 vs. 2.79 ± 0.67 μF cm-2) and σcy (0.36 ± 0.06 vs.0.41 ± 0.08 S m-1). As high-throughput microfluidic impedance cytometry, this technique may add a new marker-free dimension to flow cytometry in single-cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
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14
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Solsona M, Westerbeek EY, Bomer JG, Olthuis W, van den Berg A. Gradient in the electric field for particle position detection in microfluidic channels. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1054-1059. [PMID: 30768116 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new method to track particles in microfluidic channels is presented. Particle position tracking in microfluidic systems is crucial to characterize sorting systems or to improve the analysis of cells in impedance flow cytometry studies. By developing an electric field gradient in a two parallel electrode array the position of the particles can be tracked in one axis by impedance analysis. This method can track the particle's position at lower frequencies and measure the conductivity of the system at higher frequencies. A 3-D simulation was performed showing particle position detection and conductivity analysis. To experimentally validate the technique, a microfluidic chip that develops a gradient in the electric field was fabricated and used to detect the position of polystyrene particles in one axis and measure their conductivity at low and high frequencies, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Solsona
- BIOS Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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15
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Xavier M, Holm SH, Beech JP, Spencer D, Tegenfeldt JO, Oreffo ROC, Morgan H. Label-free enrichment of primary human skeletal progenitor cells using deterministic lateral displacement. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:513-523. [PMID: 30632599 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01154k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) are present in bone marrow (BM) and offer great potential for bone regenerative therapies. However, in the absence of a unique marker, current sorting approaches remain challenging in the quest for simple strategies to deliver SSCs with consistent regeneration and differentiation capacities. Microfluidics offers the possibility to sort cells marker-free, based on intrinsic biophysical properties. Recent studies indicate that SSCs are stiffer than leukocytes and are contained within the larger cell fraction in BM. This paper describes the use of deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) to sort SSCs based on cell size and stiffness. DLD is a technology that uses arrays of micropillars to sort cells based on their diameter. Cell deformation within the device can change the cell size and affect sorting - here evidenced using human cell lines and by fractionation of expanded SSCs. Following sorting, SSCs remained viable and retained their capacity to form clonogenic cultures (CFU-F), indicative of stem cell potential. Additionally, larger BM cells showed enhanced capacity to form CFU-F. These findings support the theory that SSCs are more abundant within the larger BM cell fraction and that DLD, or other size-based approaches, could be used to provide enriched SSC populations with significant implications for stem cell research and translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Xavier
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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16
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Honrado C, Ciuffreda L, Spencer D, Ranford-Cartwright L, Morgan H. Dielectric characterization of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells using microfluidic impedance cytometry. J R Soc Interface 2018; 15:rsif.2018.0416. [PMID: 30333248 PMCID: PMC6228484 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although malaria is the world's most life-threatening parasitic disease, there is no clear understanding of how certain biophysical properties of infected cells change during the malaria infection cycle. In this article, we use microfluidic impedance cytometry to measure the dielectric properties of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (i-RBCs) at specific time points during the infection cycle. Individual parasites were identified within i-RBCs using green fluorescent protein (GFP) emission. The dielectric properties of cell sub-populations were determined using the multi-shell model. Analysis showed that the membrane capacitance and cytoplasmic conductivity of i-RBCs increased along the infection time course, due to membrane alterations caused by parasite infection. The volume ratio occupied by the parasite was estimated to vary from less than 10% at earlier stages, to approximately 90% at later stages. This knowledge could be used to develop new label-free cell sorting techniques for sample pre-enrichment, improving diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Honrado
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L Ciuffreda
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Spencer
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L Ranford-Cartwright
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - H Morgan
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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17
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Elwan AM, Salama AA, Sayed AM, Ghoneim AM, Elsaied AA, Ibrahim FA, Elnasharty MMM. Biophysical and biochemical roles of Moringa oleifera leaves as radioprotector. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 140:142-149. [PMID: 29885346 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been found that medicinal plants have chemical and/or therapeutic effects on different diseases related to oxidative damage. This work investigates the use of ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract; as a protective and/or therapeutic agent against damage induced by high acute dose of ionizing radiation. Also, this study aims to explore the associations of electrical properties (relaxation time and DC conductivity of bone marrow) with biochemical markers (SOD, CAT and GSH) to detect and prognosticate radiation effects. Biophysical and biochemical data revealed that Moringa extract can improve the electrical properties of bone marrow and the antioxidants levels in the blood. They also showed that the feeding of Moringa leaves extract post irradiation is preferred to recover rapidly and continuously from radiation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar M Elwan
- Biochemistry Dept, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Aida A Salama
- Physics Dept, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelbaset M Sayed
- Biochemistry Dept, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ghoneim
- Microwave Physics& Dielectrics Dept, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aziza A Elsaied
- Physics Dept, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Dept, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Elnasharty
- Microwave Physics& Dielectrics Dept, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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18
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Elwan AM, Salama AA, Sayed AM, Ghoneim AM, Assaied AA, Ibrahim FA, Shousha HA, Elnasharty MMM. Response of rats to dose rates of ionizing radiation evaluated by dielectric properties of bone marrow. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 140:124-132. [PMID: 29776659 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The response of adult Wistar albino female rats toward two dose rates of gamma radiation delivered as acute dose of 7 Gy is investigated using classical methodologies as chemical, hematological and histological parameters in comparison with newly introduced dielectric parameters. Two groups of rats were exposed to γ ray with dose rates 533.35 mGy/min and 325.89 mGy/min. Then the irradiated groups were followed up for two weeks after irradiation. In case of higher dose rate, high percentage of animals was lost and there were substantial alterations in the dielectric parameters in addition to massive damage in liver and bone marrow cells. On the other hand, a reduction of death rate of rats, different behavior in the dielectric parameters of bone marrow and lesser injury of liver tissue were well noticeable in case of lower dose rate. Moreover, the sensitivity of dielectric parameters toward the two different dose rates was well pronounced during the 1st and 2nd weeks after irradiation more than other parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar M Elwan
- Dept., of Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt.
| | - Aida A Salama
- Dept., of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, P.O.11651, Egypt
| | - Abdelbaset M Sayed
- Dept., of Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmad M Ghoneim
- Dept., of Microwave Physics& Dielectrics, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Aziza A Assaied
- Dept., of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, P.O.11651, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Ibrahim
- Dept., of Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Hany A Shousha
- Dept., of Radiation Dosimetry, National Institute of Standards, Tersa Street, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Elnasharty
- Dept., of Microwave Physics& Dielectrics, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth st., Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
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19
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Xavier M, de Andrés MC, Spencer D, Oreffo ROC, Morgan H. Size and dielectric properties of skeletal stem cells change critically after enrichment and expansion from human bone marrow: consequences for microfluidic cell sorting. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0233. [PMID: 28835540 PMCID: PMC5582119 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of bone and cartilage to regenerate can be attributed to skeletal stem cells (SSCs) that reside within the bone marrow (BM). Given SSCs are rare and lack specific surface markers, antibody-based sorting has failed to deliver the cell purity required for clinical translation. Microfluidics offers new methods of isolating cells based on biophysical features including, but not limited to, size, electrical properties and stiffness. Here we report the characterization of the dielectric properties of unexpanded SSCs using single-cell microfluidic impedance cytometry (MIC). Unexpanded SSCs had a mean size of 9.0 µm; larger than the majority of BM cells. During expansion, often used to purify and increase the number of SSCs, cell size and membrane capacitance increased significantly, highlighting the importance of characterizing unaltered SSCs. In addition, MIC was used to track the osteogenic differentiation of SSCs and showed an increased membrane capacitance with differentiation. The electrical properties of primary SSCs were indistinct from other BM cells precluding its use as an isolation method. However, the current studies indicate that cell size in combination with another biophysical parameter, such as stiffness, could be used to design label-free devices for sorting SSCs with significant clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Xavier
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.,Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - María C de Andrés
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Daniel Spencer
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Hywel Morgan
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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21
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Zhao Y, Wang K, Chen D, Fan B, Xu Y, Ye Y, Wang J, Chen J, Huang C. Development of microfluidic impedance cytometry enabling the quantification of specific membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity from 100,000 single cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 111:138-143. [PMID: 29665553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a new microfluidic impedance cytometry with crossing constriction microchannels, enabling the characterization of cellular electrical markers (e.g., specific membrane capacitance (Csm) and cytoplasm conductivity (σcy)) in large cell populations (~ 100,000 cells) at a rate greater than 100 cells/s. Single cells were aspirated continuously through the major constriction channel with a proper sealing of the side constriction channel. An equivalent circuit model was developed and the measured impedance values were translated to Csm and σcy. Neural network was used to classify different cell populations where classification success rates were calculated. To evaluate the developed technique, different tumour cell lines, and the effects of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions on tumour cells were examined. Significant differences in both Csm and σcy were found for H1299 and HeLa cell lines with a classification success rate of 90.9% in combination of the two parameters. Meanwhile, tumour cells A549 showed significant decreases in both Csm and σcy after epithelial-mesenchymal transitions with a classification success rate of 76.5%. As a high-throughput microfluidic impedance cytometry, this technique can add a new marker-free dimension to flow cytometry in single-cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- R&D Center of Healthcare Electronics, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Beiyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yifei Ye
- R&D Center of Healthcare Electronics, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Chengjun Huang
- R&D Center of Healthcare Electronics, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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