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Lin K, Zhang S, Hu J, Lv X, Li H. Quantitative comparison of 2D and 3D monitoring dimensions in fish behavior analysis. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:929-938. [PMID: 38029381 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
To improve the accuracy and efficiency of fish behavior assessment, this paper focuses on quantitatively exploring the variations and relationships between different monitoring dimensions. A systematic comparison was conducted between 3D and 2D behavioral factors using an infrared tracing system, during both day and night. Significant differences in swimming distance were observed among the different monitoring methods, as determined by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. A correction was applied to account for the disparities observed in 2D swimming distance, ensuring accurate measurements. These findings present a cost-effective and efficient approach for obtaining precise 3D distance data. Additionally, a kinematic factor called the "number of U-turns" was proposed to provide a more intuitive characterization of directional changes in fish swimming. Significant differences were observed between 2D and 3D data, with higher percentages of false U-turn counts and missing U-turn counts compared to correct counts in the 2D view. These findings suggest that reducing the monitoring dimension may impact the accurate estimation of swimming motion, potentially resulting in inaccurate outcomes. Finally, the statistical analyses of the non-linear properties of fractal dimension revealed significant differences among the various monitoring methods. This conclusion has practical implications for biologists and physicists, enabling them to improve the accuracy of behavioral phenotyping for organisms exhibiting 3D motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lin
- Fisheries Science Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences & Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Fisheries Science Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences & Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing, China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingdong Lv
- Fisheries Science Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences & Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing, China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsong Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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Singh RK, Burov S. Universal to nonuniversal transition of the statistics of rare events during the spread of random walks. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:L052102. [PMID: 38115504 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.l052102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Through numerous experiments that analyzed rare event statistics in heterogeneous media, it was discovered that in many cases the probability density function for particle position, P(X,t), exhibits a slower decay rate than the Gaussian function. Typically, the decay behavior is exponential, referred to as Laplace tails. However, many systems exhibit an even slower decay rate, such as power-law, log-normal, or stretched exponential. In this study, we utilize the continuous-time random walk method to investigate the rare events in particle hopping dynamics and find that the properties of the hop size distribution induce a critical transition between the Laplace universality of rare events and a more specific, slower decay of P(X,t). Specifically, when the hop size distribution decays slower than exponential, such as e^{-|x|^{β}} (β>1), the Laplace universality no longer applies, and the decay is specific, influenced by a few large events, rather than by the accumulation of many smaller events that give rise to Laplace tails.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Stanislav Burov
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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Di Cicco M, Di Lorenzo T, Fiasca B, Ruggieri F, Cimini A, Panella G, Benedetti E, Galassi DMP. Effects of diclofenac on the swimming behavior and antioxidant enzyme activities of the freshwater interstitial crustacean Bryocamptus pygmaeus (Crustacea, Harpacticoida). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149461. [PMID: 34426329 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most widespread pharmaceutical compounds found in freshwaters as a pseudo-persistent pollutant due to its continuous release from point and diffuse sources, being its removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants incomplete. Moreover, DCF is particularly persistent in interstitial habitats and potentially toxic for the species that spend their whole life cycle among the same sediment grains. This study is aimed at offering a first contribution to the assessment of DCF effects on freshwater invertebrate species living in the interstitial habitats of springs, rivers, lakes and groundwaters. The Crustacea Copepoda are one of the main components of the freshwater interstitial communities, with the primacy taken by the worm-like and small-sized harpacticoids. A sub-lethal concentration of 50 μg L-1 DCF significantly affected six out of the eight behavior parameters of the burrower/interstitial crustacean harpacticoid Bryocamptus pygmaeus recorded by video tracking analysis. DCF exposure reduced swimming speed, swimming activity, exploration ability and thigmotaxis, and increased swimming path tortuosity. The biochemical approach revealed a reduced level of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 in individuals exposed to DCF. It could be explained by a decline in mitochondrial performance or by a reduced number of functional mitochondria. Since mitochondrial dysfunction may determine ATP reduction, it comes that less energy is produced for maintaining the cell functions of the DCF-exposed individuals. In addition, the increasing energy demand for the detoxification process further contributes to decrease the total energetic budget allocated for other physiological activities. These observations can explain the changes we have observed in the swimming behavior of the copepod B. pygmaeus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Di Cicco
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Lorenzo
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems of the National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; "Emil Racovita" Institute of Speleology, Romanian Academy, Clinicilor 5, Cluj Napoca 400006, Romania
| | - Barbara Fiasca
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ruggieri
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gloria Panella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Diana M P Galassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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