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Zhang K, He C, Wang L, Suo L, Guo M, Guo J, Zhang T, Xu Y, Lei Y, Liu G, Qian Q, Mao Y, Kalds P, Wu Y, Cuoji A, Yang Y, Brugger D, Gan S, Wang M, Wang X, Zhao F, Chen Y. Compendium of 5810 genomes of sheep and goat gut microbiomes provides new insights into the glycan and mucin utilization. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:104. [PMID: 38845047 PMCID: PMC11155115 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruminant gut microbiota are critical in ecological adaptation, evolution, and nutrition utilization because it regulates energy metabolism, promotes nutrient absorption, and improves immune function. To study the functional roles of key gut microbiota in sheep and goats, it is essential to construct reference microbial gene catalogs and high-quality microbial genomes database. RESULTS A total of 320 fecal samples were collected from 21 different sheep and goat breeds, originating from 32 distinct farms. Metagenomic deep sequencing and binning assembly were utilized to construct a comprehensive microbial genome information database for the gut microbiota. We successfully generated the largest reference gene catalogs for gut microbiota in sheep and goats, containing over 162 million and 82 million nonredundant predicted genes, respectively, with 49 million shared nonredundant predicted genes and 1138 shared species. We found that the rearing environment has a greater impact on microbial composition and function than the host's species effect. Through subsequent assembly, we obtained 5810 medium- and high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), out of which 2661 were yet unidentified species. Among these MAGs, we identified 91 bacterial taxa that specifically colonize the sheep gut, which encode polysaccharide utilization loci for glycan and mucin degradation. CONCLUSIONS By shedding light on the co-symbiotic microbial communities in the gut of small ruminants, our study significantly enhances the understanding of their nutrient degradation and disease susceptibility. Our findings emphasize the vast potential of untapped resources in functional bacterial species within ruminants, further expanding our knowledge of how the ruminant gut microbiota recognizes and processes glycan and mucins. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chong He
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding On Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Langda Suo
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850009, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding On Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, 850009, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- College of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611100, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yangbin Xu
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yu Lei
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Gongwei Liu
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Quan Qian
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yunrui Mao
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Peter Kalds
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yujiang Wu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850009, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding On Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, 850009, China
| | - Awang Cuoji
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850009, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding On Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, 850009, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Daniel Brugger
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shangquan Gan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Meili Wang
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- School of Future Technology On Bio-Breeding, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Computational Genomics Lab, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Yulin Chen
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- School of Future Technology On Bio-Breeding, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Rosenberger K, Simmler M, Langbein J, Keil N, Nawroth C. Performance of goats in a detour and a problem-solving test following long-term cognitive test exposure. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210656. [PMID: 34703619 PMCID: PMC8527204 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive research in long-lived species commonly involves using the same animals in different experiments. It is unclear whether the participation in cognitive tests can notably alter the performance of individuals in subsequent conceptually different tests. We therefore investigated whether exposure to cognitive tests affects future test performance of goats. We used three treatment groups: goats with long-term exposure to human-presented object-choice tests (for visual discrimination and reversal learning tests + cognitive test battery), goats that were isolated as for the test exposure but received a reward from the experimenter without being administered the object-choice tests, and goats that were isolated but neither received a reward nor were administered the tests. All treatment groups were subsequently tested in two conceptually different cognitive tests, namely a spatial A-not-B detour test and an instrumental problem-solving test. We tested dairy goats, selected for high productivity, and dwarf goats, not selected for production traits, each at the same two research sites. We did not find notable differences between treatments with respect to the goats' detour or problem-solving performance. However, high variation was observed between the research sites, the selection lines, and among individuals, highlighting potential pitfalls of making accurate comparisons of cognitive test performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Rosenberger
- Swiss Federal Veterinary Office, Centre for Proper Housing of Ruminants and Pigs, Agroscope, 8355 Ettenhausen, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Simmler
- Digital Production Group, Agroscope, 8355 Ettenhausen, Switzerland
| | - J. Langbein
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - N. Keil
- Swiss Federal Veterinary Office, Centre for Proper Housing of Ruminants and Pigs, Agroscope, 8355 Ettenhausen, Switzerland
| | - C. Nawroth
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
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