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Rojas-González FE, Castillo-Quevedo C, Rodríguez-Kessler PL, Jimenez-Halla JOC, Vásquez-Espinal A, Eithiraj RD, Cortez-Valadez M, Cabellos JL. Exploration of Free Energy Surface of the Au 10 Nanocluster at Finite Temperature. Molecules 2024; 29:3374. [PMID: 39064952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The first step in comprehending the properties of Au10 clusters is understanding the lowest energy structure at low and high temperatures. Functional materials operate at finite temperatures; however, energy computations employing density functional theory (DFT) methodology are typically carried out at zero temperature, leaving many properties unexplored. This study explored the potential and free energy surface of the neutral Au10 nanocluster at a finite temperature, employing a genetic algorithm coupled with DFT and nanothermodynamics. Furthermore, we computed the thermal population and infrared Boltzmann spectrum at a finite temperature and compared it with the validated experimental data. Moreover, we performed the chemical bonding analysis using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) approach and the adaptive natural density partitioning method (AdNDP) to shed light on the bonding of Au atoms in the low-energy structures. In the calculations, we take into consideration the relativistic effects through the zero-order regular approximation (ZORA), the dispersion through Grimme's dispersion with Becke-Johnson damping (D3BJ), and we employed nanothermodynamics to consider temperature contributions. Small Au clusters prefer the planar shape, and the transition from 2D to 3D could take place at atomic clusters consisting of ten atoms, which could be affected by temperature, relativistic effects, and dispersion. We analyzed the energetic ordering of structures calculated using DFT with ZORA and single-point energy calculation employing the DLPNO-CCSD(T) methodology. Our findings indicate that the planar lowest energy structure computed with DFT is not the lowest energy structure computed at the DLPN0-CCSD(T) level of theory. The computed thermal population indicates that the 2D elongated hexagon configuration strongly dominates at a temperature range of 50-800 K. Based on the thermal population, at a temperature of 100 K, the computed IR Boltzmann spectrum agrees with the experimental IR spectrum. The chemical bonding analysis on the lowest energy structure indicates that the cluster bond is due only to the electrons of the 6 s orbital, and the Au d orbitals do not participate in the bonding of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - César Castillo-Quevedo
- Departamento de Fundamentos del Conocimiento, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Federal No. 23, km. 191, Colotlán 46200, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - José Oscar Carlos Jimenez-Halla
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, Guanajuato 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Vásquez-Espinal
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat. Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | | | - Manuel Cortez-Valadez
- CONAHCYT-Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-88, Hermosillo 83190, Sonora, Mexico
| | - José Luis Cabellos
- Coordinación de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Politécnica de Tapachula, Carretera Tapachula a Puerto Madero km. 24, Tapachula 30830, Chiapas, Mexico
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Balan JL, Morato-Márquez JA, Torres-Torres JG, Cabellos JL, Ortiz-Chi F. Structural and optical properties of the Ag n-tyrosine complexes ( n = 3-12): a density functional theory study. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230908. [PMID: 38094276 PMCID: PMC10716649 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
We study the optical properties of Agn (n = 3-12) neutral clusters and their coordination with a tyrosine (Tyr) molecule. A global search strategy coupled with density functional theory (DFT) computations explored the potential energy surface. Adsorption energy calculations predicted that Tyr coordination stabilizes the metal clusters, favouring the Agn-Tyr complexes with an even number of silver atoms. For the Agn low-lying isomers, the general shape and the major transitions of the calculated time dependent-DFT (TD-DFT) absorption spectra align with those of previous reports measured in an argon environment. We use the analysis of non-covalent interactions to identify the specific interactions between each silver cluster and functional groups of Tyr. The TD-DFT absorption spectra for the Agn-Tyr complexes showed that Tyr significantly modifies the optical properties of the coordinated silver clusters and affects the smaller systems to a greater extent. The optical absorption results of the bare Agn clusters and the Agn-Tyr complexes are compared and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Balan
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, México
| | - José Aminadat Morato-Márquez
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, México
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Villahermosa, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Villahermosa, 86010, Tabasco, México
| | - José Gilberto Torres-Torres
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, México
| | - José Luis Cabellos
- Universidad Politécnica de Tapachula, Coordinación de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Tapachula 30830, Chiapas, México
| | - Filiberto Ortiz-Chi
- CONAHCYT-División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, México
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