1
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Ishiwari F, Takata T. Rotaxanes with dynamic mechanical chirality: Systematic studies on synthesis, enantiomer separation, racemization, and chiral-prochiral interconversion. Front Chem 2022; 10:1025977. [PMID: 36386001 PMCID: PMC9650364 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1025977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic mechanical chirality of [2]rotaxane consisting of a C s symmetric wheel and a C 2v symmetric axle is discussed via the synthesis, enantiomer separation, racemization, and chiral-prochiral interconversion. This [2]rotaxane is achiral and/or prochiral when its wheel locates at the center of the axle, but becomes chiral when the wheel moves from the center of the axle. These were proved by the experiments on the enantiomer separation and racemization. The racemization energy of the isolated single enantiomers was controlled by the bulkiness of the central substituents on the axle. Furthermore, the chiral-prochiral interconversion was achieved by relative positional control of the components. The present systematic studies will provide new insight into mechanically chiral interlocked compounds as well as the utility as dynamic chiral sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Ishiwari
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Japan
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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2
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Heidecker AA, Bohn M, Pöthig A. Crystal structure of a hexacationic Ag(I)-pillarplex-dodecyl-diammonium pseudo-rotaxane as terephthalate salt. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2021-2076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A new pseudo-rotaxane, consisting of a tubular, organometallic Ag-pillarplex ring and dodecyldiammonium axle component, is introduced and investigated towards potential non-covalent interactions by Full Interaction Maps (FIMs). FIMs predict regions of probable supramolecular interactions solely at the organic ligands, namely the rim and the aromatic rings of the pillarplex. The results were compared to structural parameters experimentally obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The pseudo-rotaxane was crystallized as a hydrated terephthalate salt, and the molecular and the crystal structure are discussed. The experimentally observed interactions are quantified using Hirshfeld surface analysis. In contrast to the FIMs prediction, four different interaction modes can be experimentally observed in the solid-state: encapsulation of a guest molecule, hydrogen bonding, π- and metal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A. Heidecker
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Moritz Bohn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching , Germany
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3
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0D+1D = 1D Zn-Orotate-Bimb Polyrotaxane Coordination Polymer: Synthesis, Structure, Thermogravimetric and Variable Temperature Luminescence Analysis. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Ross DW, Findlay JA, Vasdev RAS, Crowley JD. Can 2-Pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole "Click" Ligands be Used to Develop Cu(I)/Cu(II) Molecular Switches? ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30115-30129. [PMID: 34778683 PMCID: PMC8582268 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular switching processes are important in a range of areas including the development of molecular machines. While there are numerous organic switching systems available, there are far less examples that exploit inorganic materials. The most common inorganic switching system remains the copper(I)/copper(II) switch developed by Sauvage and co-workers over 20 years ago. Herein, we examine if bidentate 2-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (pytri) and tridentate 2,6-bis[(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl]pyridine (tripy) moieties can be used to replace the more commonly exploited polypyridyl ligands 2,2'-bypyridine (bpy)/1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,2';6',2″-terpyridine (terpy) in a copper(I)/(II) switching system. Two new ditopic ligands that feature bidentate (pytri, L1 or bpytri, L2) and tridentate tripy metal binding pockets were synthesized and used to generate a family of heteroleptic copper(I) and copper(II) 6,6'-dimesityl-2,2'-bipyridine (diMesbpy) complexes. Additionally, we synthesized a series of model copper(I) and copper(II) diMesbpy complexes. A combination of techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and UV-vis spectroscopies, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography was used to examine the behavior of the compounds. It was found that L1 and L2 formed [(diMesbpy)Cu(L1 or L2)]2+ complexes where the copper(II) diMesbpy unit was coordinated exclusively in the tridenate tripy binding site. However, when the ligands (L1 and L2) were complexed with copper(I) diMesbpy units, a complex mixture was obtained. NMR and MS data indicated that a 1:1 stoichiometry of [Cu(diMesbpy)]+ and either L1 or L2 generated three complexes in solution, the dimetallic [(diMesbpy)2Cu2(L1 or L2)]2+ and the monometallic [(diMesbpy)Cu(L1 or L2)]+ isomers where the [Cu(diMesbpy)]+ unit is coordinated to either the bidentate or tridentate tripy binding sites of the ditopic ligands. The dimetallic [(diMesbpy)2Cu2(L1 or L2)](PF6)2 complexes were structurally characterized using X-ray crystallography. Both complexes feature a [Cu(diMesbpy)]+ coordinated to the bidentate (pytri or bpytri) pocket of the ditopic ligands (L1 or L2), as expected. They also feature a second [Cu(diMesbpy)]+ coordinated to the nominally tridentate tripy binding site in a four-coordinate hypodentate κ2-fashion. Competition experiments with model complexes showed that the binding strength of the bidentate pytri is similar to that of the κ2-tripy ligand, leading to the lack of selectivity. The results suggest that the pytri/tripy and bpytri/tripy ligand pairs cannot be used as replacements for the more common bpy/phen-terpy partners due to the lack of selectivity in the copper(I) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
A. W. Ross
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - James A. Findlay
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Roan A. S. Vasdev
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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5
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Virovets AV, Peresypkina E, Scheer M. Structural Chemistry of Giant Metal Based Supramolecules. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14485-14554. [PMID: 34705437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The review presents a bird-eye view on the state of research in the field of giant nonbiological discrete metal complexes and ions of nanometer size, which are structurally characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, using the crystal structure as a common key feature. The discussion is focused on the main structural features of the metal clusters, the clusters containing compact metal oxide/hydroxide/chalcogenide core, ligand-based metal-organic cages, and supramolecules as well as on the aspects related to the packing of the molecules or ions in the crystal and the methodological aspects of the single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Virovets
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eugenia Peresypkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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6
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Feng Y, Ovalle M, Seale JSW, Lee CK, Kim DJ, Astumian RD, Stoddart JF. Molecular Pumps and Motors. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5569-5591. [PMID: 33830744 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pumps and motors are essential components of the world as we know it. From the complex proteins that sustain our cells, to the mechanical marvels that power industries, much we take for granted is only possible because of pumps and motors. Although molecular pumps and motors have supported life for eons, it is only recently that chemists have made progress toward designing and building artificial forms of the microscopic machinery present in nature. The advent of artificial molecular machines has granted scientists an unprecedented level of control over the relative motion of components of molecules through the development of kinetically controlled, away-from-thermodynamic equilibrium chemistry. We outline the history of pumps and motors, focusing specifically on the innovations that enable the design and synthesis of the artificial molecular machines central to this Perspective. A key insight connecting biomolecular and artificial molecular machines is that the physical motions by which these machines carry out their function are unambiguously in mechanical equilibrium at every instant. The operation of molecular motors and pumps can be described by trajectory thermodynamics, a theory based on the work of Onsager, which is grounded on the firm foundation of the principle of microscopic reversibility. Free energy derived from thermodynamically non-equilibrium reactions kinetically favors some reaction pathways over others. By designing molecules with kinetic asymmetry, one can engineer potential landscapes to harness external energy to drive the formation and maintenance of geometries of component parts of molecules away-from-equilibrium, that would be impossible to achieve by standard synthetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Ovalle
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - James S W Seale
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher K Lee
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - R Dean Astumian
- Department of Physics, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
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7
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Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have gained attention in the field of catalysis due to their unique molecular properties. Central to MIMs, rotaxanes are highly promising and attractive supramolecular catalysts due to their unique three-dimensional structures and the flexibility of their subcomponents. This Minireview discusses the use of rotaxanes in organocatalysis and transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carel Kwamen
- Faculty of ChemistryOrganic Chemistry and Center for NanointegrationDuisburg- Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 745141EssenGermany
| | - Jochen Niemeyer
- Faculty of ChemistryOrganic Chemistry and Center for NanointegrationDuisburg- Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 745141EssenGermany
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8
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Axial ligand mediated switchable rotary motions in a ferrocene-bridged diiron(III) porphyrin dimer. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Kilde MD, Kristensen R, Olsen G, Jeppesen JO, Nielsen MB. Redox‐Active Monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene‐Based Rotaxane Incorporating the Dihydroazulene/Vinylheptafulvene Photo/Thermoswitch. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Drøhse Kilde
- Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Rikke Kristensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
| | - Gunnar Olsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
| | - Jan O. Jeppesen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 5230 Odense M Denmark
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10
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Li KA, Wang Z, Xie CD, Chen T, Qiang H, Liu YA, Jia XS, Hu WB, Wen K. Unidirectional complexation of pillar[4]arene[1]benzoquinoneoxime with alkyl alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4975-4978. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00665f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Unidirectional binding between a pillar[4]arene[1]benzoquinoneoxime host and n-alkyl alcoholic guests was realized with the hydroxy heads of the guests in direct contact with the oxime group of the macrocyclic host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ang Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 20044
- P.R. China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
| | - Zhuo Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai 201210
- China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
| | - Chang-Dong Xie
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Shanghai 201210
- China
| | - Tao Chen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Shanghai 201210
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hui Qiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 20044
- P.R. China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry
- ChemBridge Research Laboratories
- San Diego
- USA
| | - Xue-Shun Jia
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 20044
- P.R. China
| | - Wei-Bo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Shanghai 201210
- China
| | - Ke Wen
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai 201210
- China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
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11
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Findlay JA, Crowley JD. Functional nanomachines: Recent advances in synthetic molecular machinery. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Modular construction of pyrido[24]crown-8-based templates in the self-assembly of cross-linked [n]catenanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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QnAs with Fraser Stoddart. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:190-191. [DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619654114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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14
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Neal EA, Goldup SM. A Kinetic Self-Sorting Approach to Heterocircuit [3]Rotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12488-93. [PMID: 27600208 PMCID: PMC5113769 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this proof-of-concept study, an active-template coupling is used to demonstrate a novel kinetic self-sorting process. This process iteratively increases the yield of the target heterocircuit [3]rotaxane product at the expense of other threaded species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Neal
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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15
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Neal EA, Goldup SM. A Kinetic Self-Sorting Approach to Heterocircuit [3]Rotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201606640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward A. Neal
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; UK
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- School of Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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16
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Fernando IR, Frasconi M, Wu Y, Liu WG, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Sliding-Ring Catenanes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10214-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isurika R. Fernando
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury
KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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17
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Frank M, Johnstone MD, Clever GH. Interpenetrated Cage Structures. Chemistry 2016; 22:14104-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frank
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Georg-August University Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Mark D. Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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18
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Sevick EM, Williams DRM. A Two-Stroke, Two-Cylinder Piston Rotaxane Motor. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1927-33. [PMID: 26945475 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a model for a rotaxane motor. This uses two major themes of rotaxane physics, that is, the ability to change the potential of different regions of the axle (switching) and the entropy associated with free rings. The motor is based on free rings being trapped and released by potential stripes or stations. We calculate the power produced by such a motor, which is in the femtoWatt range. The power is proportional to the square of the number of rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith M Sevick
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - David R M Williams
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Acton ACT, 2601, Australia
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19
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He H, Sevick EM, Williams DRM. Isotropic and nematic liquid crystalline phases of adaptive rotaxanes. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:124901. [PMID: 27036473 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the thermodynamics of a solution of rotaxanes which can change their length from a short state of length L to a long state of length qL in response to their surrounding environment. We call these rotaxanes "adaptive." We show that such a system can exhibit both isotropic and nematic liquid crystalline phases. The system shows several interesting kinds of behaviour. First we predict that the fraction of short-length rotaxanes increases linearly with concentration and is a maximum at the critical concentration that marks the isotropic to nematic transition. Second, the critical concentration shows a minimum at a certain value of q. Our model suggests that the effect of adaptive length changes is most dramatic at small q and where the long state is slightly favoured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Edith M Sevick
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - David R M Williams
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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20
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Ariga K, Li J, Fei J, Ji Q, Hill JP. Nanoarchitectonics for Dynamic Functional Materials from Atomic-/Molecular-Level Manipulation to Macroscopic Action. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:1251-86. [PMID: 26436552 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Objects in all dimensions are subject to translational dynamism and dynamic mutual interactions, and the ability to exert control over these events is one of the keys to the synthesis of functional materials. For the development of materials with truly dynamic functionalities, a paradigm shift from "nanotechnology" to "nanoarchitectonics" is proposed, with the aim of design and preparation of functional materials through dynamic harmonization of atomic-/molecular-level manipulation and control, chemical nanofabrication, self-organization, and field-controlled organization. Here, various examples of dynamic functional materials are presented from the atom/molecular-level to macroscopic dimensions. These systems, including atomic switches, molecular machines, molecular shuttles, motional crystals, metal-organic frameworks, layered assemblies, gels, supramolecular assemblies of biomaterials, DNA origami, hollow silica capsules, and mesoporous materials, are described according to their various dynamic functions, which include short-term plasticity, long-term potentiation, molecular manipulation, switchable catalysis, self-healing properties, supramolecular chirality, morphological control, drug storage and release, light-harvesting, mechanochemical transduction, molecular tuning molecular recognition, hand-operated nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qingmin Ji
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
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21
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Sevick EM, Williams DRM. Threading a Ring or Tube onto a Rod: An Entropically Rare Event. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:671-674. [PMID: 26699399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We calculate the entropy lost when a circular ring or a circular cylinder or tube is threaded onto a long rod in terms of the geometrical parameters, namely rod length and radius, the threaded ring radius, or the radius and length of a threaded tube. These formulas, constructed from a partition function, allow calculation of the fraction of rings/tubes threaded spontaneously onto rods. In all cases of practical interest, this fraction is very small and can be well represented by simple power laws depending strongly upon the geometrical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith M Sevick
- Research School of Chemistry and ‡Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University , Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - David R M Williams
- Research School of Chemistry and ‡Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University , Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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22
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Scottwell SØ, Crowley JD. Ferrocene-containing non-interlocked molecular machines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2451-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09569g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene is chemically robust and readily functionalized which enables its facile incorporation into more complex molecular systems. This coupled with ferrocene's reversible redox properties and ability to function as a “molecular ball bearing” has led to the use of ferrocene as a component in wide range of non-interlocked synthetic molecular machine systems.
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23
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Pavlović RZ, Bjelaković MS, Milić DR. Diamide-based fullerosteroidal and disteroidal [2]rotaxanes: solvent-induced macrocycle translocation and/or unthreading. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03872g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two hydrogen bonded rotaxanes: a template directed synthesis, detailed characterization and shuttling/unthreading processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mira S. Bjelaković
- University of Belgrade – Institute of Chemistry
- Technology and Metallurgy
- Center for Chemistry
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Dragana R. Milić
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry
- 11158 Belgrade
- Serbia
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24
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He H, Sevick EM, Williams DRM. Fast switching from isotropic liquids to nematic liquid crystals: rotaxanes as smart fluids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16541-4. [PMID: 26419821 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07048a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We examine a solution of rod-like piston-rotaxanes, which can switch their length by external excitation (for example optically) from a short state of length L to a long state of length qL. We show that this solution can exhibit a number of different behaviours. In particular it can rapidly switch from an isotropic to a nematic liquid crystalline state. There is a minimum ratio q* = 1.13 for which transitions from a pure isotropic state to a pure nematic state are possible. We present a phase-switching diagram, which gives the six possible behaviours for this system. It turns out that a large fraction of the phase switching diagram is occupied by the transition from a pure isotropic to a pure nematic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Edith M Sevick
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - David R M Williams
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences & Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
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25
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Payne NA, Delmas LC, McDowell SA, Williams AR. Computationally forecasting the effect of dibenzylammonium substituents on pseudorotaxane formation with dibenzo[24]crown-8. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Varghese S, Elemans JAAW, Rowan AE, Nolte RJM. Molecular computing: paths to chemical Turing machines. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6050-6058. [PMID: 28717447 PMCID: PMC5504628 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02317c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this perspective, we highlight some of the recent advances in the development of molecular and biomolecular systems for performing logic operations and computing. We also present a blueprint of a chemical Turing machine using a processive catalytic approach.
To comply with the rapidly increasing demand of information storage and processing, new strategies for computing are needed. The idea of molecular computing, where basic computations occur through molecular, supramolecular, or biomolecular approaches, rather than electronically, has long captivated researchers. The prospects of using molecules and (bio)macromolecules for computing is not without precedent. Nature is replete with examples where the handling and storing of data occurs with high efficiencies, low energy costs, and high-density information encoding. The design and assembly of computers that function according to the universal approaches of computing, such as those in a Turing machine, might be realized in a chemical way in the future; this is both fascinating and extremely challenging. In this perspective, we highlight molecular and (bio)macromolecular systems that have been designed and synthesized so far with the objective of using them for computing purposes. We also present a blueprint of a molecular Turing machine, which is based on a catalytic device that glides along a polymer tape and, while moving, prints binary information on this tape in the form of oxygen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaji Varghese
- Radboud University , Institute for Molecules and Materials , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands . ;
| | - Johannes A A W Elemans
- Radboud University , Institute for Molecules and Materials , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands . ;
| | - Alan E Rowan
- Radboud University , Institute for Molecules and Materials , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands . ;
| | - Roeland J M Nolte
- Radboud University , Institute for Molecules and Materials , Heyendaalseweg 135 , 6525 AJ Nijmegen , The Netherlands . ;
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27
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Głogocka D, Przybyło M, Langner M. Molecular machines - a new dimension of biological sciences. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2015. [PMID: 26204406 DOI: 10.1515/cmble-2015-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological systems are characterized by directional and precisely controlled flow of matter and information along with the maintenance of their structural patterns. This is possible thanks to sequential transformations of information, energy and structure carried out by molecular machines. The new perception of biological systems, including their mechanical aspects, requires the implementation of tools and approaches previously developed for engineering sciences. In this review paper, a biological system is presented in a new perspective as an ensemble of coordinated molecular devices functioning in the limited space confined by the biological membrane. The working of a molecular machine is presented using the example of F0F1 ATPase, and the general conditions necessary for the coordination of a large number of functional units are described.
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28
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Li SH, Zhang HY, Xu X, Liu Y. Mechanically selflocked chiral gemini-catenanes. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7590. [PMID: 26126502 PMCID: PMC4506498 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked and entangled molecular architectures represent one of the elaborate topological superstructures engineered at a molecular resolution. Here we report a methodology for fabricating mechanically selflocked molecules (MSMs) through highly efficient one-step amidation of a pseudorotaxane derived from dual functionalized pillar[5]arene (P[5]A) threaded by α,ω-diaminoalkane (DA-n; n=3-12). The monomeric and dimeric pseudo[1]catenanes thus obtained, which are inherently chiral due to the topology of P[5]A used, were isolated and fully characterized by NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations. Of particular interest, the dimeric pseudo[1]catenane, named 'gemini-catenane', contained stereoisomeric meso-erythro and dl-threo isomers, in which two P[5]A moieties are threaded by two DA-n chains in topologically different patterns. This access to chiral pseudo[1]catenanes and gemini-catenanes will greatly promote the practical use of such sophisticated chiral architectures in supramolecular and materials science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Heng-Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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29
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Neal EA, Goldup SM. Competitive formation of homocircuit [3]rotaxanes in synthetically useful yields in the bipyridine-mediated active template CuAAC reaction. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2398-2404. [PMID: 29308153 PMCID: PMC5645920 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03999h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently identified competitive formation of doubly interlocked [3]rotaxanes as the origin of the non-linear variation in yield of [2]rotaxane with macrocycle size in the bipyridine-mediated AT-CuAAC reaction. Selection of reaction conditions gave [2]rotaxanes in essentially quantitative yield in all cases and hard to access doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes in up to 50% yield in a single, four component coupling. Based on the effect of macrocycle structure on the reaction outcome we propose a detailed mechanism of [3]rotaxane formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Neal
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , UK
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , Hampshire SO17 1BJ , UK .
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30
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Scottwell SØ, Elliott ABS, Shaffer KJ, Nafady A, McAdam CJ, Gordon KC, Crowley JD. Chemically and electrochemically induced expansion and contraction of a ferrocene rotor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8161-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A 2,2′-bipyridine-appended ferrocene rotor can be switched, upon treatment with [Cu(CH3CN)4](PF6) and 6,6′-dimesityl-2,2′-bipyridine, from the stacked (syn) conformation to the unstacked (anti) conformation. The switching was completely reversible and could be triggered either chemically, or electrochemically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasia B. S. Elliott
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Karl J. Shaffer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin
- New Zealand
| | - Ayman Nafady
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - C. John McAdam
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin
- New Zealand
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
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31
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Abstract
We examine a simple model of rotaxane structure, with 3 asymmetric rings interacting via repulsive power-law forces. This interlocked molecule exhibits conformational isomerisation which is different from that of molecules whose connectedness is through covalent bonds. The rings are free to translate along and rotate around the axle, and hence weak interaction forces between the rings can lead to distinct rotamer states. We use energy minimisation to determine these states exactly, and show that there can be transitions from asymmetric to symmetric states by varying the bond lengths. We also use classical statistical mechanics to show the effect of thermal noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith M Sevick
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - David R M Williams
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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32
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Barnes JC, Frasconi M, Young RM, Khdary NH, Liu WG, Dyar SM, McGonigal PR, Gibbs-Hall IC, Diercks CS, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Goddard WA, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Solid-State Characterization and Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Nanoconfined Octacationic Homo[2]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10569-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ja505093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nezar H. Khdary
- National
Center for Nano Technology Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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33
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Fernando IR, Mo Y, Mezei G. Metal-binding studies of linear rigid-axle [2]pseudorotaxanes with in situ generated anionic metal halide complexes. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00789a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Polymeric molecular shuttles: Polypseudorotaxanes & polyrotaxanes based on viologen (paraquat) urethane backbones & bis(p-phenylene)-34-crown-10. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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35
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Noor A, Lo WKC, Moratti SC, Crowley JD. CuAAC "click" active-template synthesis of functionalised [2]rotaxanes using small exo-substituted macrocycles: how small is too small? Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7044-7. [PMID: 24850165 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two "small" 22- and 24-membered exo-alcohol functionalised pyridyl macrocycles are exploited in the CuAAC active-template synthesis of [2]rotaxanes. The 24-membered macrocycle forms [2]rotaxanes in good yields while the smaller 22-membered macrocycle does not lead to interlocked products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Noor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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36
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Zhang G, Presly O, White F, Oppel IM, Mastalerz M. A Shape-Persistent Quadruply Interlocked Giant Cage Catenane with Two Distinct Pores in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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37
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Zhang G, Presly O, White F, Oppel IM, Mastalerz M. A Shape‐Persistent Quadruply Interlocked Giant Cage Catenane with Two Distinct Pores in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5126-30. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
| | | | | | - Iris M. Oppel
- Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)
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38
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Juríček M, Barnes JC, Strutt NL, Vermeulen NA, Ghooray KC, Dale EJ, McGonigal PR, Blackburn AK, Avestro AJ, Stoddart JF. An ExBox [2]catenane. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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39
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Noor A, Moratti SC, Crowley JD. Active-template synthesis of “click” [2]rotaxane ligands: self-assembly of mechanically interlocked metallo-supramolecular dimers, macrocycles and oligomers. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01438c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A "click" active-metal-template strategy has been exploited to develop mono- and bi-2,2′,6′,2″-terpyridine functionalised [2]rotaxanes. When reacted with Fe(ii) ions these rotaxanes formed metallo-bis-([2]rotaxanes), macrocycles and oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Noor
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
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40
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Chen Q, Jiang F, Yuan D, Lyu G, Chen L, Hong M. A controllable and dynamic assembly system based on discrete metallocages. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52442f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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41
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Olson MA, Thompson JR, Dawson TJ, Hernandez CM, Messina MS, O'Neal T. Template-directed self-assembly by way of molecular recognition at the micellar–solvent interface: modulation of the critical micelle concentration. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6483-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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42
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Forgan RS, Gassensmith JJ, Cordes DB, Boyle MM, Hartlieb KJ, Friedman DC, Slawin AMZ, Stoddart JF. Self-Assembly of a [2]Pseudorota[3]catenane in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:17007-10. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3085115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross S. Forgan
- Center for the Chemistry of
Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3133,
United States
| | - Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
- Center for the Chemistry of
Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3133,
United States
| | - David B. Cordes
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Purdie Building, North Haugh,
St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Megan M. Boyle
- Center for the Chemistry of
Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3133,
United States
| | - Karel J. Hartlieb
- Center for the Chemistry of
Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3133,
United States
| | - Douglas C. Friedman
- Center for the Chemistry of
Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3133,
United States
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Purdie Building, North Haugh,
St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Center for the Chemistry of
Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3133,
United States
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