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Mendes R, Nunes VL, Marabuto E, Costa GJ, Silva SE, Paulo OS, Simões PC. Testing drivers of acoustic divergence in cicadas (Cicadidae: Tettigettalna). J Evol Biol 2023; 36:461-479. [PMID: 36514855 PMCID: PMC10107868 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Divergence in acoustic signals may have a crucial role in the speciation process of animals that rely on sound for intra-specific recognition and mate attraction. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) postulates that signals should diverge according to the physical properties of the signalling environment. To be efficient, signals should maximize transmission and decrease degradation. To test which drivers of divergence exert the most influence in a speciose group of insects, we used a phylogenetic approach to the evolution of acoustic signals in the cicada genus Tettigettalna, investigating the relationship between acoustic traits (and their mode of evolution) and body size, climate and micro-/macro-habitat usage. Different traits showed different evolutionary paths. While acoustic divergence was generally independent of phylogenetic history, some temporal variables' divergence was associated with genetic drift. We found support for ecological adaptation at the temporal but not the spectral level. Temporal patterns are correlated with micro- and macro-habitat usage and temperature stochasticity in ways that run against the AAH predictions, degrading signals more easily. These traits are likely to have evolved as an anti-predator strategy in conspicuous environments and low-density populations. Our results support a role of ecological selection, not excluding a likely role of sexual selection in the evolution of Tettigettalna calling songs, which should be further investigated in an integrative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Mendes
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vera L Nunes
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Marabuto
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo J Costa
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara E Silva
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Octávio S Paulo
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula C Simões
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
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Talavera JB, Collosi E, Clark MI, Robertson JM, Gray DA. Minimal prezygotic isolation between ecologically divergent sibling species. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021; 132:32-43. [PMID: 33390615 PMCID: PMC7761596 DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Divergence in mating signals typically accompanies speciation. We examine two ecologically divergent sibling species of crickets to assess the degree and timing of the evolution of prezygotic reproductive isolation. Gryllus saxatilis occurs in rocky habitats throughout western North America with long-winged individuals capable of long-distance dispersal; Gryllus navajo is endemic to red-rock sandstone areas of south-eastern Utah and north-eastern Arizona and has short-winged individuals only capable of limited dispersal. Previous genetic work suggested some degree of introgression and/or incomplete lineage sorting is likely. Here we: (1) use restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) genetic data to describe the degree of genetic divergence among species and populations; (2) examine the strength of prezygotic isolation by (i) quantifying differences among male mating songs, and (ii) testing whether females prefer G. saxatilis or G. navajo calling songs. Our results show that genetically distinct "pure" species populations and genetically intermediate populations exist. Male mating songs are statistically distinguishable, but the absolute differences are small. In playback experiments, females from pure populations had no preference based on song; however, females from a genetically intermediate population preferred G. navajo song. Together these results suggest that prezygotic isolation is minimal, and mediated by female behaviour in admixed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle B Talavera
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Emma Collosi
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Meaghan I Clark
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Jeanne M Robertson
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - David A Gray
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
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3
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House C, Tunstall P, Rapkin J, Bale MJ, Gage M, Del Castillo E, Hunt J. Multivariate stabilizing sexual selection and the evolution of male and female genital morphology in the red flour beetle. Evolution 2020; 74:883-896. [PMID: 31889313 PMCID: PMC7317928 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Male genitals are highly divergent in animals with internal fertilization. Most studies attempting to explain this diversity have focused on testing the major hypotheses of genital evolution (the lock‐and‐key, pleiotropy, and sexual selection hypotheses), and quantifying the form of selection targeting male genitals has played an important role in this endeavor. However, we currently know far less about selection targeting female genitals or how male and female genitals interact during mating. Here, we use formal selection analysis to show that genital size and shape is subject to strong multivariate stabilizing sexual selection in both sexes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Moreover, we show significant sexual selection on the covariance between the sexes for specific aspects of genital shape suggesting that male and female genitalia also interact to determine the successful transfer of a spermatophore during mating. Our work therefore highlights the important role that both male and female genital morphologies play in determining mating success and that these effects can occur independently, as well as through their interaction. Moreover, it cautions against the overly simplistic view that the sexual selection targeting genital morphology will always be directional in form and restricted primarily to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa House
- School of Science and Health and Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Philip Tunstall
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, United Kingdom
| | - James Rapkin
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mathilda J Bale
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Gage
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique Del Castillo
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Department of Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, 16802
| | - John Hunt
- School of Science and Health and Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, United Kingdom
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4
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Geographic distributions, phenotypes, and phylogenetic relationships of Phalloceros (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae): Insights about diversification among sympatric species pools. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 132:265-274. [PMID: 30528083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With 22 described species, Phalloceros is the most species-rich genus of Poeciliidae in South America. Phalloceros diversity is characterized by high degrees of endemism and sympatry in coastal and inland drainages in southeastern South America. The taxa are also characterized by pronounced differentiation in sexual characters (i.e., female urogenital papilla and male gonopodium), which might have contributed to their diversification. Here we estimate phylogenetic relationships based on more than 18,000 loci in 93 individuals representing 19 described species and two putative undescribed species. Morphologically defined species correspond to monophyletic species lineages, with individuals within a species clustering together in phylogenetic estimates, with the main exception being P. harpagos, supporting undiscovered diversity in this morphospecies. Shifts in the female and male sexual traits (i.e., urogenital papilla and gonopodium) occurred in concert multiple times along the phylogeny highlighting the role of sexual selection in driving divergence in this genus. Out of 22 valid species, 14 species are found in sympatry with at least one other species of this genus. However, most co-occurrences are observed among non-sister species suggesting that diversification among closely related species involved mostly allopatric speciation, with only two instances of sympatric sister-species observed. A strong mismatch in sexual traits among sympatric taxa suggests that co-existence may be linked to divergent sexual traits that maintain species genetic distinctiveness through mechanical disruptions of interbreeding.
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Brown AP, Greenway R, Morgan S, Quackenbush CR, Giordani L, Arias-Rodriguez L, Tobler M, Kelley JL. Genome-scale data reveal that endemic Poecilia populations from small sulphidic springs display no evidence of inbreeding. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:4920-4934. [PMID: 28731545 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Populations with limited ranges can be highly vulnerable to changes in their environment and are, thus, of high conservation concern. Populations that experience human-induced range reductions are often highly inbred and lack genetic diversity, but it is unknown whether this is also the case for populations with naturally small ranges. The fishes Poecilia sulphuraria (listed as critically endangered) and Poecilia thermalis, which are endemic to small hydrogen sulphide-rich springs in southern Mexico, are examples of such populations with inherently small habitats. We used geometric morphometrics and population genetics to quantify phenotypic and genetic variation within and among two populations of P. sulphuraria and one population of P. thermalis. Principal component analyses revealed phenotypic and genetic differences among the populations. Evidence for inbreeding was low compared to populations that have undergone habitat reduction. The genetic data were also used to infer the demographic history of these populations to obtain estimates for effective population sizes and migration rates. Effective population sizes were large given the small habitats of these populations. Our results imply that these three endemic extremophile populations should each be considered separately for conservation purposes. Additionally, this study suggests that populations in naturally small habitats may have lower rates of inbreeding and higher genetic diversity than expected, and therefore may be better equipped to handle environmental perturbations than anticipated. We caution, however, that the inferred lack of inbreeding and the large effective population sizes could potentially be a result of colonization by genetically diverse ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Ryan Greenway
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Samuel Morgan
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Corey R Quackenbush
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Lenin Arias-Rodriguez
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Michael Tobler
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Joanna L Kelley
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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6
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Janzen T, Alzate A, Muschick M, Maan ME, van der Plas F, Etienne RS. Community assembly in Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish: quantifying the contributions of both niche-based and neutral processes. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:1057-1067. [PMID: 28303177 PMCID: PMC5306054 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The cichlid family features some of the most spectacular examples of adaptive radiation. Evolutionary studies have highlighted the importance of both trophic adaptation and sexual selection in cichlid speciation. However, it is poorly understood what processes drive the composition and diversity of local cichlid species assemblages on relatively short, ecological timescales. Here, we investigate the relative importance of niche-based and neutral processes in determining the composition and diversity of cichlid communities inhabiting various environmental conditions in the littoral zone of Lake Tanganyika, Zambia. We collected data on cichlid abundance, morphometrics, and local environments. We analyzed relationships between mean trait values, community composition, and environmental variation, and used a recently developed modeling technique (STEPCAM) to estimate the contributions of niche-based and neutral processes to community assembly. Contrary to our expectations, our results show that stochastic processes, and not niche-based processes, were responsible for the majority of cichlid community assembly. We also found that the relative importance of niche-based and neutral processes was constant across environments. However, we found significant relationships between environmental variation, community trait means, and community composition. These relationships were caused by niche-based processes, as they disappeared in simulated, purely neutrally assembled communities. Importantly, these results can potentially reconcile seemingly contrasting findings in the literature about the importance of either niche-based or neutral-based processes in community assembly, as we show that significant trait relationships can already be found in nearly (but not completely) neutrally assembled communities; that is, even a small deviation from neutrality can have major effects on community patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Janzen
- Department of Evolutionary TheoryMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary BiologyPlönGermany
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Adriana Alzate
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Terrestrial Ecology UnitUniversity of GhentGhentBelgium
- Fundacion EcomaresCaliColombia
| | - Moritz Muschick
- Zoological InstituteUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of Fish Ecology & EvolutionEAWAG Centre for EcologyKastanienbaumSwitzerland
| | - Martine E. Maan
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Fons van der Plas
- Institute of Plant SciencesUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Biodiversity and Climate Research CentreSenckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurtGermany
| | - Rampal S. Etienne
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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7
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Paris TM, Allan SA, Hall DG, Hentz MG, Croxton SD, Ainpudi N, Stansly PA. Effects of Temperature, Photoperiod, and Rainfall on Morphometric Variation of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 46:143-158. [PMID: 28031429 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity provides a mechanism by which an organism can adapt to new or changing environments. Earlier studies have demonstrated the variability of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Asian citrus psyllid) population dynamics, but no analysis of morphological changes induced by seasonal or artificial laboratory-induced conditions has yet been documented. Such morphometric variation has been found to correspond in dispersal capabilities in several insect taxa. In this study, the effects of temperature and photoperiod on morphometric variation of D. citri were examined through laboratory rearing of psyllids under controlled temperatures (20 °C, 28 °C, and 30 °C) and under a short photoperiod of 10.5:13.5 (L:D) h and a long photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. Diaphorina citri were field-collected monthly from three citrus groves in Fort Pierce, Gainesville, and Immokalee, FL, to evaluate potential field-associated environmental effects. Both traditional and geometric morphometric data were used to analyze the correlation between environmental and morphometric variation. A strong correlation was found between temperature and shape change, with larger and broader wings at colder temperatures in the laboratory. Short day length resulted in shorter and narrower wings as well. From the field, temperature, rainfall, and photoperiod were moderately associated with shape parameters. Adult D. citri with blue/green abdomens collected in the laboratory and field studies were larger in size and shape than those with brown/gray abdomens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomson M Paris
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32608 (; ; )
- University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL 34142 (; )
| | - Sandra A Allan
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32608 (; ; )
| | - David G Hall
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL 34945 (; )
| | - Matthew G Hentz
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL 34945 (; )
| | - Scott D Croxton
- University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL 34142 (; )
| | - Niharika Ainpudi
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32608 (; ; )
| | - Philip A Stansly
- University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL 34142 (; )
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8
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Flanagan SP, Rose E, Jones AG. Population genomics reveals multiple drivers of population differentiation in a sex‐role‐reversed pipefish. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:5043-5072. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P. Flanagan
- Biology Department Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Emily Rose
- Biology Department Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Adam G. Jones
- Biology Department Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
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9
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Langerhans RB, Anderson CM, Heinen-Kay JL. Causes and Consequences of Genital Evolution. Integr Comp Biol 2016; 56:741-51. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icw101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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10
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Bacquet PMB, de Jong MA, Brattström O, Wang H, Molleman F, Heuskin S, Lognay G, Löfstedt C, Brakefield PM, Vanderpoorten A, Nieberding CM. Differentiation in putative male sex pheromone components across and within populations of the African butterfly Bicyclus anynana as a potential driver of reproductive isolation. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:6064-84. [PMID: 27648226 PMCID: PMC5016632 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual traits are often the most divergent characters among closely related species, suggesting an important role of sexual traits in speciation. However, to prove this, we need to show that sexual trait differences accumulate before or during the speciation process, rather than being a consequence of it. Here, we contrast patterns of divergence among putative male sex pheromone (pMSP) composition and the genetic structure inferred from variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 and nuclear CAD loci in the African butterfly Bicyclus anynana (Butler, 1879) to determine whether the evolution of "pheromonal dialects" occurs before or after the differentiation process. We observed differences in abundance of some shared pMSP components as well as differences in the composition of the pMSP among B. anynana populations. In addition, B. anynana individuals from Kenya displayed differences in the pMSP composition within a single population that appeared not associated with genetic differences. These differences in pMSP composition both between and within B. anynana populations were as large as those found between different Bicyclus species. Our results suggest that "pheromonal dialects" evolved within and among populations of B. anynana and may therefore act as precursors of an ongoing speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. B. Bacquet
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics GroupBiodiversity Research CentreEarth and Life InstituteUniversité catholique de LouvainCroix du Sud 4‐51348Louvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Maaike A. de Jong
- Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolWoodland RoadBristolBS8 1UGUK
| | - Oskar Brattström
- Department of ZoologyUniversity Museum of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB2 3EJUK
| | - Hong‐Lei Wang
- Department of BiologyPheromone GroupLund UniversitySE‐223 62LundSweden
| | - Freerk Molleman
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research ThiruvananthapuramVanasiri Evolutionary Ecology LabCollege of Engineering Trivandrum CampusTrivandrum695016KeralaIndia
| | - Stéphanie Heuskin
- Laboratory of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of AgroBioChemGembloux Agro‐Bio TechUniversity of LiegePassage des Déportés 2B‐5030GemblouxBelgium
| | - George Lognay
- Laboratory of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of AgroBioChemGembloux Agro‐Bio TechUniversity of LiegePassage des Déportés 2B‐5030GemblouxBelgium
| | - Christer Löfstedt
- Department of BiologyPheromone GroupLund UniversitySE‐223 62LundSweden
| | - Paul M. Brakefield
- Department of ZoologyUniversity Museum of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB2 3EJUK
| | - Alain Vanderpoorten
- Biologie de l’évolution et de la conservationUniversity of LiègeB22 Sart TilmanB‐4000LiègeBelgium
| | - Caroline M. Nieberding
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics GroupBiodiversity Research CentreEarth and Life InstituteUniversité catholique de LouvainCroix du Sud 4‐51348Louvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
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Dai B, Guo H, Huang C, Zhang X, Lin Z. Genomic heterozygosity and hybrid breakdown in cotton (Gossypium): different traits, different effects. BMC Genet 2016; 17:58. [PMID: 27072350 PMCID: PMC4830075 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hybrid breakdown has been well documented in various species. Relationships between genomic heterozygosity and traits-fitness have been extensively explored especially in the natural populations. But correlations between genomic heterozygosity and vegetative and reproductive traits in cotton interspecific populations have not been studied. In the current study, two reciprocal F2 populations were developed using Gossypium hirsutum cv. Emian 22 and G. barbadense acc. 3–79 as parents to study hybrid breakdown in cotton. A total of 125 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to genotype the two F2 interspecific populations. Results To guarantee mutual independence among the genotyped markers, the 125 SSR markers were checked by the linkage disequilibrium analysis. To our knowledge, this is a novel approach to evaluate the individual genomic heterozygosity. After marker checking, 83 common loci were used to assess the extent of genomic heterozygosity. Hybrid breakdown was found extensively in the two interspecific F2 populations particularly on the reproductive traits because of the infertility and the bare seeds. And then, the relationships between the genomic heterozygosity and the vegetative reproductive traits were investigated. The only relationships between hybrid breakdown and heterozygosity were observed in the (Emian22 × 3–79) F2 population for seed index (SI) and boll number per plant (BN). The maternal cytoplasmic environment may have a significant effect on genomic heterozygosity and on correlations between heterozygosity and reproductive traits. Conclusions A novel approach was used to evaluate genomic heterozygosity in cotton; and hybrid breakdown was observed in reproductive traits in cotton. These findings may offer new insight into hybrid breakdown in allotetraploid cotton interspecific hybrids, and may be useful for the development of interspecific hybrids for cotton genetic improvement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-016-0366-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Huanle Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongxu Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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12
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Ortego J, García-Navas V, Noguerales V, Cordero PJ. Discordant patterns of genetic and phenotypic differentiation in five grasshopper species codistributed across a microreserve network. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:5796-812. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Ortego
- Department of Integrative Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana; EBD-CSIC; Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n E-41092 Seville Spain
| | - Vicente García-Navas
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Víctor Noguerales
- Grupo de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos - IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM); Ronda de Toledo s/n E-13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Pedro J. Cordero
- Grupo de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural; Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos - IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM); Ronda de Toledo s/n E-13005 Ciudad Real Spain
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13
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Burns M, Shultz JW. Biomechanical Diversity of Mating Structures among Harvestmen Species Is Consistent with a Spectrum of Precopulatory Strategies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137181. [PMID: 26352413 PMCID: PMC4564142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity in reproductive structures is frequently explained by selection acting at individual to generational timescales, but interspecific differences predicted by such models (e.g., female choice or sexual conflict) are often untestable in a phylogenetic framework. An alternative approach focuses on clade- or function-specific hypotheses that predict evolutionary patterns in terms neutral to specific modes of sexual selection. Here we test a hypothesis that diversity of reproductive structures in leiobunine harvestmen (daddy longlegs) of eastern North America reflects two sexually coevolved but non-overlapping precopulatory strategies, a primitive solicitous strategy (females enticed by penis-associated nuptial gifts), and a multiply derived antagonistic strategy (penis exerts mechanical force against armature of the female pregenital opening). Predictions of sexual coevolution and fidelity to precopulatory categories were tested using 10 continuously varying functional traits from 28 species. Multivariate analyses corroborated sexual coevolution but failed to partition species by precopulatory strategy, with multiple methods placing species along a spectrum of mechanical antagonistic potential. These findings suggest that precopulatory features within species reflect different co-occurring levels of solicitation and antagonism, and that gradualistic evolutionary pathways exist between extreme strategies. The ability to quantify antagonistic potential of precopulatory structures invites comparison with ecological variables that may promote evolutionary shifts in precopulatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Burns
- BEES Program and Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeffrey W. Shultz
- BEES Program and Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
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15
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Anderson CM, Langerhans RB. Origins of female genital diversity: Predation risk and lock-and-key explain rapid divergence during an adaptive radiation. Evolution 2015; 69:2452-67. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina 27695
| | - R. Brian Langerhans
- Department of Biological Sciences and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina 27695
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Papadopoulou A, Knowles LL. Genomic tests of the species-pump hypothesis: Recent island connectivity cycles drive population divergence but not speciation in Caribbean crickets across the Virgin Islands. Evolution 2015; 69:1501-1517. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papadopoulou
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Museum of Zoology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - L. Lacey Knowles
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Museum of Zoology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
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Heinen-Kay JL, Noel HG, Layman CA, Langerhans RB. Human-caused habitat fragmentation can drive rapid divergence of male genitalia. Evol Appl 2014; 7:1252-67. [PMID: 25558285 PMCID: PMC4275096 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study rests on three premises: (i) humans are altering ecosystems worldwide, (ii) environmental variation often influences the strength and nature of sexual selection, and (iii) sexual selection is largely responsible for rapid and divergent evolution of male genitalia. While each of these assertions has strong empirical support, no study has yet investigated their logical conclusion that human impacts on the environment might commonly drive rapid diversification of male genital morphology. We tested whether anthropogenic habitat fragmentation has resulted in rapid changes in the size, allometry, shape, and meristics of male genitalia in three native species of livebearing fishes (genus: Gambusia) inhabiting tidal creeks across six Bahamian islands. We found that genital shape and allometry consistently and repeatedly diverged in fragmented systems across all species and islands. Using a model selection framework, we identified three ecological consequences of fragmentation that apparently underlie observed morphological patterns: decreased predatory fish density, increased conspecific density, and reduced salinity. Our results demonstrate that human modifications to the environment can drive rapid and predictable divergence in male genitalia. Given the ubiquity of anthropogenic impacts on the environment, future research should evaluate the generality of our findings and potential consequences for reproductive isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justa L Heinen-Kay
- Department of Biological Sciences and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Holly G Noel
- Department of Biological Sciences and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Craig A Layman
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - R Brian Langerhans
- Department of Biological Sciences and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
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