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Inhibition of the Human Hsc70 System by Small Ligands as a Potential Anticancer Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122936. [PMID: 34208232 PMCID: PMC8230956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High levels of Heat shock proteins (Hsps) in specific cancers are usually linked to a poor prognosis, tumor progression, invasiveness, and resistance to treatment. Chaperone inhibition could therefore be toxic for cancer cells due to their high dependence on chaperone activity to survive. This study shows the potential to repurpose the small chemical compound pinaverium bromide, currently used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorders, as a possible antitumor drug since it displays a marked toxicity against two melanoma cell lines without affecting the viability of fibroblast and primary melanocytes. This compound interacts with structural regions shared by representatives of the Hsp70 and Hsp110 families, inhibiting the substrate remodeling ability of the Hsp70 system in vitro and in a cellular context. Abstract Heat shock protein (Hsp) synthesis is upregulated in a wide range of cancers to provide the appropriate environment for tumor progression. The Hsp110 and Hsp70 families have been associated to cancer cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we explore the strategy of drug repurposing to find new Hsp70 and Hsp110 inhibitors that display toxicity against melanoma cancer cells. We found that the hits discovered using Apg2, a human representative of the Hsp110 family, as the initial target bind also to structural regions present in members of the Hsp70 family, and therefore inhibit the remodeling activity of the Hsp70 system. One of these compounds, the spasmolytic agent pinaverium bromide used for functional gastrointestinal disorders, inhibits the intracellular chaperone activity of the Hsp70 system and elicits its cytotoxic activity specifically in two melanoma cell lines by activating apoptosis. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that this compound interacts with regions located in the nucleotide-binding domain and the linker of the chaperones, modulating their ATPase activity. Thus, repurposing of pinaverium bromide for cancer treatment appears as a promising novel therapeutic approach.
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Brasil S, Briso-Montiano A, Gámez A, Underhaug J, Flydal M, Desviat L, Merinero B, Ugarte M, Martinez A, Pérez B. New perspectives for pharmacological chaperoning treatment in methylmalonic aciduria cblB type. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:640-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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3
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Koskela MM, Dahlström KM, Goñi G, Lehtimäki N, Nurmi M, Velazquez-Campoy A, Hanke G, Bölter B, Salminen TA, Medina M, Mulo P. Arabidopsis FNRL protein is an NADPH-dependent chloroplast oxidoreductase resembling bacterial ferredoxin-NADP + reductases. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 162:177-190. [PMID: 28833218 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plastidic ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductases (FNRs; EC:1.18.1.2) together with bacterial type FNRs (FPRs) form the plant-type FNR family. Members of this group contain a two-domain scaffold that forms the basis of an extended superfamily of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) dependent oxidoreductases. In this study, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana At1g15140 [Ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase-like (FNRL)] is an FAD-containing NADPH dependent oxidoreductase present in the chloroplast stroma. Determination of the kinetic parameters using the DCPIP NADPH-dependent diaphorase assay revealed that the reaction catalysed by a recombinant FNRL protein followed a saturation Michaelis-Menten profile on the NADPH concentration with kcat = 3.2 ± 0.2 s-1 , KmNADPH = 1.6 ± 0.3 μM and kcat /KmNADPH = 2.0 ± 0.4 μM-1 s-1 . Biochemical assays suggested that FNRL is not likely to interact with Arabidopsis ferredoxin 1, which is supported by the sequence analysis implying that the known Fd-binding residues in plastidic FNRs differ from those of FNRL. In addition, based on structural modelling FNRL has an FAD-binding N-terminal domain built from a six-stranded β-sheet and one α-helix, and a C-terminal NADP+ -binding α/β domain with a five-stranded β-sheet with a pair of α-helices on each side. The FAD-binding site is highly hydrophobic and predicted to bind FAD in a bent conformation typically seen in bacterial FPRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna M Koskela
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Käthe M Dahlström
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Guillermina Goñi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI-IQFR and GBsC-CSIC Joint Units), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nina Lehtimäki
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Nurmi
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Adrian Velazquez-Campoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI-IQFR and GBsC-CSIC Joint Units), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación ARAID, Diputación General de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guy Hanke
- School of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bettina Bölter
- Department of Biology I, Botany, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tiina A Salminen
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Milagros Medina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI-IQFR and GBsC-CSIC Joint Units), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paula Mulo
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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The Thermodynamics of Trichocyte Keratins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1054:185-203. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8195-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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5
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Aubi O, Flydal MI, Zheng H, Skjærven L, Rekand I, Leiros HKS, Haug BE, Cianciotto NP, Martinez A, Underhaug J. Discovery of a Specific Inhibitor of Pyomelanin Synthesis in Legionella pneumophila. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8402-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Aubi
- Department
of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marte I. Flydal
- Department
of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Huaixin Zheng
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Lars Skjærven
- Department
of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Illimar Rekand
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hanna-Kirsti S. Leiros
- The
Norwegian Structural Biology Centre (NorStruct), Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bengt Erik Haug
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nicholas P. Cianciotto
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department
of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jarl Underhaug
- Department
of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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6
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Kono H, Onishi K, Nakamura T. Characterization and bisphenol A adsorption capacity of β-cyclodextrin–carboxymethylcellulose-based hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:784-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Jorge-Finnigan A, Brasil S, Underhaug J, Ruíz-Sala P, Merinero B, Banerjee R, Desviat LR, Ugarte M, Martinez A, Pérez B. Pharmacological chaperones as a potential therapeutic option in methylmalonic aciduria cblB type. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:3680-9. [PMID: 23674520 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylmalonic aciduria (MMA) cblB type is caused by mutations in the MMAB gene. This encodes the enzyme ATP:cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase (ATR), which converts reduced cob(I)alamin to an active adenosylcobalamin cofactor. We recently reported the presence of destabilizing pathogenic mutations that retain some residual ATR activity. The aim of the present study was to seek pharmacological chaperones as a tailored therapy for stabilizing the ATR protein. High-throughput ligand screening of over 2000 compounds was performed; six were found to enhance the thermal stability of purified recombinant ATR. Further studies using a well-established bacterial system in which the recombinant ATR protein was expressed in the presence of these six compounds, showed them all to increase the stability of the wild-type ATR and the p.Ile96Thr mutant proteins. Compound V (N-{[(4-chlorophenyl)carbamothioyl]amino}-2-phenylacetamide) significantly increased this stability and did not act as an inhibitor of the purified protein. Importantly, compound V increased the activity of ATR in patient-derived fibroblasts harboring the destabilizing p.Ile96Thr mutation in a hemizygous state to within control range. When cobalamin was coadministrated with compound V, mutant ATR activity further improved. Oral administration of low doses of compound V to C57BL/6J mice for 12 days, led to increase in steady-state levels of ATR protein in liver and brain (disease-relevant organs). These results hold promise for the clinical use of pharmacological chaperones in MMA cblB type patients harboring chaperone-responsive mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jorge-Finnigan
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO, UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Bustad HJ, Skjaerven L, Ying M, Halskau Ø, Baumann A, Rodriguez-Larrea D, Costas M, Underhaug J, Sanchez-Ruiz JM, Martinez A. The peripheral binding of 14-3-3γ to membranes involves isoform-specific histidine residues. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23189152 PMCID: PMC3506662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian 14-3-3 protein scaffolds include seven conserved isoforms that bind numerous phosphorylated protein partners and regulate many cellular processes. Some 14-3-3-isoforms, notably γ, have elevated affinity for membranes, which might contribute to modulate the subcellular localization of the partners and substantiate the importance of investigating molecular mechanisms of membrane interaction. By applying surface plasmon resonance we here show that the binding to phospholipid bilayers is stimulated when 14-3-3γ is complexed with its partner, a peptide corresponding to the Ser19-phosphorylated N-terminal region of tyrosine hydroxylase. Moreover, membrane interaction is dependent on salts of kosmotropic ions, which also stabilize 14-3-3γ. Electrostatic analysis of available crystal structures of γ and of the non-membrane-binding ζ-isoform, complemented with molecular dynamics simulations, indicate that the electrostatic potential distribution of phosphopeptide-bound 14-3-3γ is optimal for interaction with the membrane through amphipathic helices at the N-terminal dimerization region. In addition, His158, and especially His195, both specific to 14-3-3γ and located at the convex lateral side, appeared to be pivotal for the ligand induced membrane interaction, as corroborated by site-directed mutagenesis. The participation of these histidine residues might be associated to their increased protonation upon membrane binding. Overall, these results reveal membrane-targeting motifs and give insights on mechanisms that furnish the 14-3-3γ scaffold with the capacity for tuned shuffling from soluble to membrane-bound states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Skjaerven
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ming Ying
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Baumann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - David Rodriguez-Larrea
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Costas
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF, México
| | - Jarl Underhaug
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jose M. Sanchez-Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
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9
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Interactions of cyclodextrins with aromatic amino acids: a basis for protein interactions. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-011-0071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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10
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Jia Z, O'Mara M, Zuegg J, Cooper M, Mark A. The effect of environment on the recognition and binding of vancomycin to native and resistant forms of lipid II. Biophys J 2011; 101:2684-92. [PMID: 22261057 PMCID: PMC3297793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations have been used to examine in detail the mechanism by which a receptor molecule (the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin) recognizes and binds to a target molecule (lipid II) embedded within a membrane environment. The simulations show that the direct interaction of vancomycin with lipid II, as opposed to initial binding to the membrane, leads most readily to the formation of a stable complex. The recognition of lipid II by vancomycin occurred via the N-terminal amine group of vancomycin and the C-terminal carboxyl group of lipid II. Despite lying at the membrane-water interface, the interaction of vancomycin with lipid II was found to be essentially identical to that of soluble tripeptide analogs of lipid II (Ac-d-Ala-d-Ala; root mean-square deviation 0.11 nm). Free energy calculations also suggest that the relative binding affinity of vancomycin for native, resistant, and synthetic forms of membrane-bound lipid II was unaffected by the membrane environment. The effect of the dimerization of vancomycin on the binding of lipid II, the position of lipid II within a biological membrane, and the effect of the isoamylene tail of lipid II on membrane fluidity have also been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiGuang Jia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan L. O'Mara
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Johannes Zuegg
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alan E. Mark
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Valerio-Lepiniec M, Aumont-Nicaise M, Roux C, Raynal B, England P, Badet B, Badet-Denisot MA, Desmadril M. Analysis of the Escherichia coli glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase activity by isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 498:95-104. [PMID: 20416269 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS) is responsible for the first and rate-limiting step in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. It catalyzes the conversion of D-fructose-6P (F6P) into D-glucosamine-6P (GlcN6P) using L-glutamine (Gln) as nitrogen donor (synthase activity) according to an ordered bi-bi process where F6P binds first. In the absence of F6P, the enzyme exhibits a weak hydrolyzing activity of Gln into Glu and ammonia (glutaminase activity), whereas the presence of F6P strongly stimulates it (hemi-synthase activity). Until now, these different activities were indirectly measured using either coupled enzyme or colorimetric methods. In this work, we have developed a direct assay monitoring the heat released by the reaction. Isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry were used to determine kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of GlmS. The direct determination at 37 degrees C of kinetic parameters and affinity constants for both F6P and Gln demonstrated that part of the ammonia produced by Gln hydrolysis in the presence of both substrates is not used for the formation of the GlcN6P. The full characterization of this phenomenon allowed to identify experimental conditions where this leak of ammonia is negligible. Enthalpy measurements at 25 degrees C in buffers of various heats of protonation demonstrated that no proton exchange with the medium occurred during the enzyme-catalyzed glutaminase or synthase reaction suggesting for the first time that both products are released as a globally neutral pair composed by the Glu carboxylic side chain and the GlcN6P amine function. Finally we showed that the oligomerization state of GlmS is concentration-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Valerio-Lepiniec
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 8619, Université de Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, France.
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12
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Li L, Dantzer JJ, Nowacki J, O’Callaghan BJ, Meroueh SO. PDBcal: A Comprehensive Dataset for Receptor–Ligand Interactions with Three-dimensional Structures and Binding Thermodynamics from Isothermal Titration Calorimetry. Chem Biol Drug Des 2008; 71:529-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00661.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Hasan EA, Cosgrove T, Round AN. Nanoscale Thin Film Ordering Produced by Channel Formation in the Inclusion Complex of α-Cyclodextrin with a Polyurethane Composed of Polyethylene Oxide and Hexamethylene. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071484n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erol A. Hasan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK, and H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Terence Cosgrove
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK, and H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Andrew N. Round
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK, and H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
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14
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Frazier RA, Papadopoulou A, Green RJ. Isothermal titration calorimetry study of epicatechin binding to serum albumin. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:1602-5. [PMID: 16522360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Revised: 01/31/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of epicatechin with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry. The binding constant (K) and associated thermodynamic binding parameters (n, DeltaH) were determined for the interaction at three solution concentrations of BSA using a binding model assuming independent binding sites. These data show weak non-covalent binding of epicatechin to BSA. The interaction energetics varied with BSA concentration in the calorimeter cell, suggesting that the binding of epicatechin induced BSA aggregation. The free energy (DeltaG) remained constant within a range of 2 kJ mol(-1) and negative entropy was observed, indicating an enthalpy driven exothermic interaction. It is concluded that the non-covalent epicatechin-BSA complex is formed by hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Frazier
- School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom.
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15
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Cooper A, Nutley M, MacLean EJ, Cameron K, Fielding L, Mestres J, Palin R. Mutual induced fit in cyclodextrin-rocuronium complexes. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:1863-71. [PMID: 15889169 DOI: 10.1039/b415903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The binding of rocuronium bromide to 6-perdeoxy-6-per(4-carboxyphenyl)thio-gamma-cyclodextrin sodium salt, displays biphasic behaviour characteristic of the formation of a binary and 2 : 1 ternary guest-host complex in aqueous solution. Thermodynamic and structural data on this sequential complexation process can be rationalised within a single model involving switching of the conformational equilibria of both the rocuronium bromide and cyclodextrin molecules. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), NMR and fluorescence experiments in solution, together with X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling, suggest that in order to induce encapsulation both rocuronium bromide and the modified cyclodextrin undergo conformational changes. Ring A of rocuronium bromide 'switches' from the more sterically encumbered chair to the sterically less demanding twist-boat, whilst the modified cyclodextrin "opens" its cavity to allow the steroid to enter. The recognition and mutual induced fit between cyclodextrin and steroid represents a classic example of dynamic host-guest chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Scotland, UK
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16
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Cudic P, Behenna DC, Kranz JK, Kruger RG, Wand AJ, Veklich YI, Weisel JW, McCafferty DG. Functional analysis of the lipoglycodepsipeptide antibiotic ramoplanin. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2002; 9:897-906. [PMID: 12204689 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(02)00191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The peptide antibiotic ramoplanin is highly effective against several drug-resistant gram-positive bacteria, including vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), two important opportunistic human pathogens. Ramoplanin inhibits bacterial peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis by binding to Lipid intermediates I and II at a location different than the N-acyl-D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide site targeted by vancomycin. Lipid I/II capture physically occludes these substrates from proper utilization by the late-stage PG biosynthesis enzymes MurG and the transglycosylases. Key structural features of ramoplanin responsible for antibiotic activity and PG molecular recognition have been discovered by antibiotic semisynthetic modification in conjunction with NMR analyses. These results help define a minimalist ramoplanin pharmacophore and introduce the possibility of generating ramoplanin-derived peptide or peptidomimetic antibiotics for use against VRE, MRSA, and related pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Cudic
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Cooper A, Johnson CM, Lakey JH, Nöllmann M. Heat does not come in different colours: entropy-enthalpy compensation, free energy windows, quantum confinement, pressure perturbation calorimetry, solvation and the multiple causes of heat capacity effects in biomolecular interactions. Biophys Chem 2001; 93:215-30. [PMID: 11804727 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(01)00222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Modern techniques in microcalorimetry allow us to measure directly the heat changes and associated thermodynamics for biomolecular processes in aqueous solution at reasonable concentrations. All these processes involve changes in solvation/hydration, and it is natural to assume that the heats for these processes should reflect, in some way, such changes in solvation. However, the interpretation of data is still somewhat ambiguous, since different non-covalent interactions may have similar thermodynamic signatures, and analysis is frustrated by large entropy-enthalpy compensation effects. Changes in heat capacity (Delta C(p)) have been related to changes in hydrophobic hydration and non-polar accessible surface areas, but more recent empirical and theoretical work has shown how this need not always be the case. Entropy-enthalpy compensation is a natural consequence of finite Delta C(p) values and, more generally, can arise as a result of quantum confinement effects, multiple weak interactions, and limited free energy windows, giving rise to thermodynamic homeostasis that may be of evolutionary and functional advantage. The new technique of pressure perturbation calorimetry (PPC) has enormous potential here as a means of probing solvation-related volumetric changes in biomolecules at modest pressures, as illustrated with preliminary data for a simple protein-inhibitor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
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18
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Rao J, Lahiri J, Weis RM, Whitesides GM. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of a High-Affinity Trivalent System Derived from Vancomycin and l-Lys-d-Ala-d-Ala. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja992648l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Rao
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Joydeep Lahiri
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Robert M. Weis
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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Branchu S, Forbes RT, York P, Petrén S, Nyqvist H, Camber O. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inhibits spray-drying-induced inactivation of beta-galactosidase. J Pharm Sci 1999; 88:905-11. [PMID: 10479352 DOI: 10.1021/js9804819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The single-step, fast spray-drying process may represent a valuable alternative to the multistep, time-consuming freeze-drying process in the area of formulation and processing of biopharmaceuticals. In this study, we tested the use of sucrose and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) as stabilizing excipients in the spray-drying of a model protein, beta-galactosidase. The solutions were processed using a Büchi 190 cocurrent Mini Spray Dryer at an outlet temperature of 61 +/- 2 degrees C. The powders were redissolved and analyzed for catalytic activity, aggregation, chemical decomposition, and thermal susceptibility as observed by high-resolution calorimetry. Spray-drying significantly inactivated beta-galactosidase. Spray-drying beta-galactosidase in the presence of sucrose did not prevent inactivation. However, after spray-drying beta-galactosidase in the presence of HP-beta-CD, or HP-beta-CD and sucrose, full catalytic activity was exhibited on reconstitution. Furthermore, the reconstituted product was unchanged in terms of molecular weight, charge, and thermal stability. These findings are consistent with a hypothesis that the change responsible for inactivation of beta-galactosidase was mainly a monomolecular, noncovalent change, i. e., the formation of incorrect structures, that arose from surface denaturation. This study clearly demonstrates that cyclodextrins can be useful stabilizing excipients in the preparation of spray-dried protein pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Branchu
- Drug Delivery Group, The School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
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Rao J, Yan L, Lahiri J, Whitesides GM, Weis RM, Warren HS. Binding of a dimeric derivative of vancomycin to L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate in solution and at a surface. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 1999; 6:353-9. [PMID: 10375541 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(99)80047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of bacteria that are resistant to vancomycin (V), a glycopeptide antibiotic, results from the replacement of the carboxy-terminal D-Ala-D-Ala of bacterial cell wall precursors by D-Ala-D-lactate. Recently, it has been demonstrated that covalent dimeric variants of V are active against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). To study the contribution of divalency to the activities of these variants, we modeled the interactions of V and a dimeric V with L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate, an analog of the cell-wall precursors of the vancomycin-resistant bacteria. RESULTS A dimeric derivative of V (V-Rd-V) was found to be much more effective than V in inhibiting the growth of VRE. The interactions of V and V-Rd-V with a monomeric lactate ligand - diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate (Ac2KDADLac) - and a dimeric derivative of L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate (Lac-R'd-Lac) in solution have been examined using isothermal titration calorimetry and UV spectroscopy titrations; the results reveal that V-Rd-V binds Lac-R'd-Lac approximately 40 times more tightly than V binds Ac2KDADLac. Binding of V and of V-Rd-V to Nalpha-Ac-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate presented on the surface of mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates on gold indicates that the apparent off-rate for dissociation of V-Rd-V from the surface is much slower than that of V from the same surface. CONCLUSIONS The results are compatible with the hypothesis that divalency is responsible for tight binding, which correlates with small values of minimum inhibitory concentrations of V and V-Rd-V.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Rao J, Lahiri J, Isaacs L, Weis RM, Whitesides GM. A trivalent system from vancomycin.D-ala-D-Ala with higher affinity than avidin.biotin. Science 1998; 280:708-11. [PMID: 9563940 DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5364.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Tris(vancomycin carboxamide) binds a trivalent ligand derived from D-Ala-D-Ala with very high affinity: dissociation constant (Kd) approximately 4 x 10(-17) +/- 1 x 10(-17) M. High-affinity trivalent binding and monovalent binding are fundamentally different. In trivalent (and more generally, polyvalent) binding, dissociation occurs in stages, and its rate can be accelerated by monovalent ligand at sufficiently high concentrations. In monovalent binding, dissociation is determined solely by the rate constant for dissociation and cannot be accelerated by added monomer. Calorimetric measurements for the trivalent system indicate an approximately additive gain in enthalpy relative to the corresponding monomers. This system is one of the most stable organic receptor-ligand pairs involving small molecules that is known. It illustrates the practicality of designing very high-affinity systems based on polyvalency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Lovatt M, Cooper A, Camiller P. Energetics of cyclodextrin-induced dissociation of insulin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01041562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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