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Sethi J, Glowacki E, Reid MS, Larsson PA, Wågberg L. Ultra-thin parylene-aluminium hybrid coatings on nanocellulose films to resist water sensitivity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121365. [PMID: 37940265 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-sustainable single-use plastics used for food packaging needs to be phased out. Films made from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are suitable candidates for biodegradable and recyclable packaging materials as they exhibit good mechanical properties, excellent oxygen barrier properties and high transparency. Yet, their poor water vapour barrier properties have been a major hindrance in their commercialisation. Here, we describe the preparation of 25 μm thick CNF films with significantly improved water vapour barrier properties after deposition of ultrathin polymeric and metallic coatings, parylene C and aluminium, respectively. When first adding a 40 nm aluminium layer followed by an 80 nm parylene layer, i.e. with a combined thickness of less than one percent of the CNF film, a water vapour transmission rate of 2.8 g m-2 d-1 was achieved at 38 °C and 90 % RH, surpassing a 25 μm polypropylene film (4-12 g m-2 d-1). This is an improvement of more than 700 times compared to uncoated CNF films, under some of the harshest possible conditions a packaging material will need to endure in commercial use. The layers showed a good and even coverage, as assessed by atomic force microscopy, and the parylene-coated surfaces were hydrophobic with a contact angle of 110°, providing good water repellency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Sethi
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Glowacki
- Linköping University, Campus Norrköping, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, SE-602 21 Norrköping, Sweden; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, CZ-601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael S Reid
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Material and Surface Design, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per A Larsson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lars Wågberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Saha S, Costa RC, Silva MC, Fonseca-Santos JM, Chen L, Phakatkar AH, Bhatia H, Faverani LP, Barão VA, Shokuhfar T, Sukotjo C, Takoudis C. Collagen membrane functionalized with magnesium oxide via room-temperature atomic layer deposition promotes osteopromotive and antimicrobial properties. Bioact Mater 2023; 30:46-61. [PMID: 37521273 PMCID: PMC10382637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial bone grafting materials such as collagen are gaining interest due to the ease of production and implantation. However, collagen must be supplemented with additional coating materials for improved osteointegration. Here, we report room-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of MgO, a novel method to coat collagen membranes with MgO. Characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron beam dispersion mapping confirm the chemical nature of the film. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopies show the surface topography and morphology of the collagen fibers were not altered during the ALD of MgO. Slow release of magnesium ions promotes bone growth, and we show the deposited MgO film leaches trace amounts of Mg when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C. The coated collagen membrane had a superhydrophilic surface immediately after the deposition of MgO. The film was not toxic to human cells and demonstrated antibacterial properties against bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, in vivo studies performed on calvaria rats showed MgO-coated membranes (200 and 500 ALD) elicit a higher inflammatory response, leading to an increase in angiogenesis and a greater bone formation, mainly for Col-MgO500, compared to uncoated collagen. Based on the characterization of the MgO film and in vitro and in vivo data, the MgO-coated collagen membranes are excellent candidates for guided bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirela Caroline Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Matheus Fonseca-Santos
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Abhijit H. Phakatkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Harshdeep Bhatia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Leonardo P. Faverani
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A.R. Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tolou Shokuhfar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, USA
| | - Christos Takoudis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
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Liyanage S, Acharya S, Parajuli P, Shamshina JL, Abidi N. Production and Surface Modification of Cellulose Bioproducts. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3433. [PMID: 34641248 PMCID: PMC8512298 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum-based synthetic plastics play an important role in our life. As the detrimental health and environmental effects of synthetic plastics continue to increase, the renewable, degradable and recyclable properties of cellulose make subsequent products the "preferred environmentally friendly" alternatives, with a small carbon footprint. Despite the fact that the bioplastic industry is growing rapidly with many innovative discoveries, cellulose-based bioproducts in their natural state face challenges in replacing synthetic plastics. These challenges include scalability issues, high cost of production, and most importantly, limited functionality of cellulosic materials. However, in order for cellulosic materials to be able to compete with synthetic plastics, they must possess properties adequate for the end use and meet performance expectations. In this regard, surface modification of pre-made cellulosic materials preserves the chemical profile of cellulose, its mechanical properties, and biodegradability, while diversifying its possible applications. The review covers numerous techniques for surface functionalization of materials prepared from cellulose such as plasma treatment, surface grafting (including RDRP methods), and chemical vapor and atomic layer deposition techniques. The review also highlights purposeful development of new cellulosic architectures and their utilization, with a specific focus on cellulosic hydrogels, aerogels, beads, membranes, and nanomaterials. The judicious choice of material architecture combined with a specific surface functionalization method will allow us to take full advantage of the polymer's biocompatibility and biodegradability and improve existing and target novel applications of cellulose, such as proteins and antibodies immobilization, enantiomers separation, and composites preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Noureddine Abidi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-5019, USA; (S.L.); (S.A.); (P.P.); (J.L.S.)
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Knemeyer K, Baumgarten R, Ingale P, Naumann d'Alnoncourt R, Driess M, Rosowski F. Toolbox for atomic layer deposition process development on high surface area powders. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:025115. [PMID: 33648082 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an industrially applied technique for thin film deposition. The vast majority of processes target flat substrates rather than powders. For ALD on powders, new processes are needed, as different reaction conditions are required. Here, two setups are described in detail, which enhance the ALD process development for powders. The first setup described is capable of directly measuring the vapor pressure of a given precursor by a capacitance diaphragm gauge. Promising precursors can be pre-selected, and suitable precursor saturation temperatures can be determined. The second setup consists of four parallel reactors with individual temperature zones to screen the optimal ALD temperature window in a time efficient way. Identifying the precursor saturation temperature beforehand and subsequently performing the first ALD half cycle in the parallel setup at four different reactor temperatures simultaneously will drastically reduce process development times. Validation of both setups is shown for the well-known ALD precursors, trimethylaluminum to deposit aluminum oxide and diethyl zinc to deposit zinc oxide, both on amorphous silica powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Knemeyer
- BasCat-UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Baumgarten
- BasCat-UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - P Ingale
- BasCat-UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Naumann d'Alnoncourt
- BasCat-UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Driess
- BasCat-UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Rosowski
- BasCat-UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Eichhorn SJ, Rahatekar SS, Vignolini S, Windle AH. New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:20170200. [PMID: 29277748 PMCID: PMC5746563 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S J Eichhorn
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS), University of Bristol, Queen's Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK
| | - S S Rahatekar
- Enhanced Composites and Structures Centre, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - S Vignolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - A H Windle
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
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