1
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Gong M, Myster F, Azouz A, Sanchez Sanchez G, Li S, Charloteaux B, Yang B, Nichols J, Lefevre L, Javaux J, Leemans S, Nivelles O, van Campe W, Roels S, Mostin L, van den Berg T, Davison AJ, Gillet L, Connelley T, Vermijlen D, Goriely S, Vanderplasschen A, Dewals BG. Unraveling clonal CD8 T cell expansion and identification of essential factors in γ-herpesvirus-induced lymphomagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404536121. [PMID: 39088396 PMCID: PMC11317613 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404536121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) asymptomatically persists in its natural host, the wildebeest. However, cross-species transmission to cattle results in the induction of an acute and lethal peripheral T cell lymphoma-like disease (PTCL), named malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). Our previous findings demonstrated an essential role for viral genome maintenance in infected CD8+ T lymphocytes but the exact mechanism(s) leading to lymphoproliferation and MCF remained unknown. To decipher how AlHV-1 dysregulates T lymphocytes, we first examined the global phenotypic changes in circulating CD8+ T cells after experimental infection of calves. T cell receptor repertoire together with transcriptomics and epigenomics analyses demonstrated an oligoclonal expansion of infected CD8+ T cells displaying effector and exhaustion gene signatures, including GZMA, GNLY, PD-1, and TOX2 expression. Then, among viral genes expressed in infected CD8+ T cells, we uncovered A10 that encodes a transmembrane signaling protein displaying multiple tyrosine residues, with predicted ITAM and SH3 motifs. Impaired A10 expression did not affect AlHV-1 replication in vitro but rendered AlHV-1 unable to induce MCF. Furthermore, A10 was phosphorylated in T lymphocytes in vitro and affected T cell signaling. Finally, while AlHV-1 mutants expressing mutated forms of A10 devoid of ITAM or SH3 motifs (or both) were able to induce MCF, a recombinant virus expressing a mutated form of A10 unable to phosphorylate its tyrosine residues resulted in the lack of MCF and protected against a wild-type virus challenge. Thus, we could characterize the nature of this γ-herpesvirus-induced PTCL-like disease and identify an essential mechanism explaining its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijiao Gong
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Françoise Myster
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Abdulkader Azouz
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
- Center for Research in Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
| | - Guillem Sanchez Sanchez
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
- Center for Research in Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels1050, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), WEL Research Institute, Wavre1300, Belgium
| | - Shifang Li
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Benoit Charloteaux
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), GIGA-Genomics core facility, University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Jenna Nichols
- Medical Research Council (MRC)-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, GlasgowG61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Lucas Lefevre
- The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, MidlothianEH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Justine Javaux
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Leemans
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Olivier Nivelles
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Willem van Campe
- Sciensano, Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Animals, Experimental Center Machelen, Machelen 1830, Belgium
| | - Stefan Roels
- Sciensano, Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Animals, Experimental Center Machelen, Machelen 1830, Belgium
| | - Laurent Mostin
- Sciensano, Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Animals, Experimental Center Machelen, Machelen 1830, Belgium
| | - Thierry van den Berg
- Sciensano, Scientific Directorate Infectious Diseases in Animals, Experimental Center Machelen, Machelen 1830, Belgium
| | - Andrew J. Davison
- Medical Research Council (MRC)-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, GlasgowG61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Gillet
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Timothy Connelley
- The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, MidlothianEH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - David Vermijlen
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
- Center for Research in Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels1050, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), WEL Research Institute, Wavre1300, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
- Center for Research in Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies6041, Belgium
| | - Alain Vanderplasschen
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), WEL Research Institute, Wavre1300, Belgium
| | - Benjamin G. Dewals
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine—Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), WEL Research Institute, Wavre1300, Belgium
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2
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Lamont MM, Slone D, Reid JP, Butler SM, Alday J. Deep vs shallow: GPS tags reveal a dichotomy in movement patterns of loggerhead turtles foraging in a coastal bay. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2024; 12:40. [PMID: 38816732 PMCID: PMC11140867 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-024-00480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual variation in movement strategies of foraging loggerhead turtles have been documented on the scale of tens to hundreds of kilometers within single ocean basins. Use of different strategies among individuals may reflect variations in resources, predation pressure or competition. It is less common for individual turtles to use different foraging strategies on the scale of kilometers within a single coastal bay. We used GPS tags capable of back-filling fine-scale locations to document movement patterns of loggerhead turtles in a coastal bay in Northwest Florida, U.S.A. METHODS Iridium-linked GPS tags were deployed on loggerhead turtles at a neritic foraging site in Northwest Florida. After filtering telemetry data, point locations were transformed to movement lines and then merged with the original point file to define travel paths and assess travel speed. Home ranges were determined using kernel density function. Diurnal behavioral shifts were examined by examining turtle movements compared to solar time. RESULTS Of the 11 turtles tagged, three tracked turtles remained in deep (~ 6 m) water for almost the entire tracking period, while all other turtles undertook movements from deep water locations, located along edges and channels, to shallow (~ 1-2 m) shoals at regular intervals and primarily at night. Three individuals made short-term movements into the Gulf of Mexico when water temperatures dropped, and movement speeds in the Gulf were greater than those in the bay. Turtles exhibited a novel behavior we termed drifting. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the value provided to fine-scale movement studies for species such as sea turtles that surface infrequently by the ability of these GPS tags to store and re-upload data. Future use of these tags at other loggerhead foraging sites, and concurrent with diving and foraging data, would provide a powerful tool to better understand fine-scale movement patterns of sea turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Lamont
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA.
| | - Daniel Slone
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
| | - James P Reid
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
| | - Susan M Butler
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
| | - Joseph Alday
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA
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3
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Shaw S, Kilpatrick ZP. Representing stimulus motion with waves in adaptive neural fields. J Comput Neurosci 2024; 52:145-164. [PMID: 38607466 DOI: 10.1007/s10827-024-00869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Traveling waves of neural activity emerge in cortical networks both spontaneously and in response to stimuli. The spatiotemporal structure of waves can indicate the information they encode and the physiological processes that sustain them. Here, we investigate the stimulus-response relationships of traveling waves emerging in adaptive neural fields as a model of visual motion processing. Neural field equations model the activity of cortical tissue as a continuum excitable medium, and adaptive processes provide negative feedback, generating localized activity patterns. Synaptic connectivity in our model is described by an integral kernel that weakens dynamically due to activity-dependent synaptic depression, leading to marginally stable traveling fronts (with attenuated backs) or pulses of a fixed speed. Our analysis quantifies how weak stimuli shift the relative position of these waves over time, characterized by a wave response function we obtain perturbatively. Persistent and continuously visible stimuli model moving visual objects. Intermittent flashes that hop across visual space can produce the experience of smooth apparent visual motion. Entrainment of waves to both kinds of moving stimuli are well characterized by our theory and numerical simulations, providing a mechanistic description of the perception of visual motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sage Shaw
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Zachary P Kilpatrick
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Institute for Cognitive Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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4
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Brigatti E, Ríos-Uzeda B, Vieira MV. Exploring the interplay between small and large scales movements in a neotropical small mammal. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2024; 12:23. [PMID: 38528635 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-024-00465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
We record and analyze the movement patterns of the marsupial Didelphis aurita at different temporal scales. Animals trajectories are collected at a daily scale by using spool-and-line techniques and, with the help of radio-tracking devices, animals traveled distances are estimated at intervals of weeks. Small-scale movements are well described by truncated Lévy flight, while large-scale movements produce a distribution of distances which is compatible with a Brownian motion. A model of the movement behavior of these animals, based on a truncated Lévy flight calibrated on the small scale data, converges towards a Brownian behavior after a short time interval of the order of 1 week. These results show that whether Lévy flight or Brownian motion behaviors apply, will depend on the scale of aggregation of the animals paths. In this specific case, as the effect of the rude truncation present in the daily data generates a fast convergence towards Brownian behaviors, Lévy flights become of scarce interest for describing the local dispersion properties of these animals, which result well approximated by a normal diffusion process and not a fast, anomalous one. Interestingly, we are able to describe two movement phases as the consequence of a statistical effect generated by aggregation, without the necessity of introducing ecological constraints or mechanisms operating at different spatio-temporal scales. This result is of general interest, as it can be a key element for describing movement phenomenology at distinct spatio-temporal scales across different taxa and in a variety of systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Brigatti
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil.
| | - B Ríos-Uzeda
- Laboratório de Vertebrados, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - M V Vieira
- Laboratório de Vertebrados, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
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5
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Weinburd J, Landsberg J, Kravtsova A, Lam S, Sharma T, Simpson SJ, Sword GA, Buhl C. Anisotropic interaction and motion states of locusts in a hopper band. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232121. [PMID: 38228175 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Swarming locusts present a quintessential example of animal collective motion. Juvenile locusts march and hop across the ground in coordinated groups called hopper bands. Composed of up to millions of insects, hopper bands exhibit aligned motion and various collective structures. These groups are well-documented in the field, but the individual insects themselves are typically studied in much smaller groups in laboratory experiments. We present, to our knowledge, the first trajectory data that detail the movement of individual locusts within a hopper band in a natural setting. Using automated video tracking, we derive our data from footage of four distinct hopper bands of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera. We reconstruct nearly 200 000 individual trajectories composed of over 3.3 million locust positions. We classify these data into three motion states: stationary, walking and hopping. Distributions of relative neighbour positions reveal anisotropies that depend on motion state. Stationary locusts have high-density areas distributed around them apparently at random. Walking locusts have a low-density area in front of them. Hopping locusts have low-density areas in front and behind them. Our results suggest novel insect interactions, namely that locusts change their motion to avoid colliding with neighbours in front of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Weinburd
- Mathematics Department, Hamline University, Saint Paul, MN 55104, USA
| | - Jacob Landsberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041, USA
| | - Anna Kravtsova
- Department of Mathematics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Shanni Lam
- Department of Mathematics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Tarush Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gregory A Sword
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Camille Buhl
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Southern Australia 5005, Australia
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6
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Shaw S, Kilpatrick ZP. Representing stimulus motion with waves in adaptive neural fields. ARXIV 2023:arXiv:2312.06100v1. [PMID: 38168459 PMCID: PMC10760209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Traveling waves of neural activity emerge in cortical networks both spontaneously and in response to stimuli. The spatiotemporal structure of waves can indicate the information they encode and the physiological processes that sustain them. Here, we investigate the stimulus-response relationships of traveling waves emerging in adaptive neural fields as a model of visual motion processing. Neural field equations model the activity of cortical tissue as a continuum excitable medium, and adaptive processes provide negative feedback, generating localized activity patterns. Synaptic connectivity in our model is described by an integral kernel that weakens dynamically due to activity-dependent synaptic depression, leading to marginally stable traveling fronts (with attenuated backs) or pulses of a fixed speed. Our analysis quantifies how weak stimuli shift the relative position of these waves over time, characterized by a wave response function we obtain perturbatively. Persistent and continuously visible stimuli model moving visual objects. Intermittent flashes that hop across visual space can produce the experience of smooth apparent visual motion. Entrainment of waves to both kinds of moving stimuli are well characterized by our theory and numerical simulations, providing a mechanistic description of the perception of visual motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sage Shaw
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Zachary P Kilpatrick
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Institute for Cognitive Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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7
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Zhang Y, Imirzian N, Kurze C, Zheng H, Hughes DP, Chen DZ. Learning from algorithm-generated pseudo-annotations for detecting ants in videos. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11566. [PMID: 37464003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep learning (DL) based detection models are powerful tools for large-scale analysis of dynamic biological behaviors in video data. Supervised training of a DL detection model often requires a large amount of manually-labeled training data which are time-consuming and labor-intensive to acquire. In this paper, we propose LFAGPA (Learn From Algorithm-Generated Pseudo-Annotations) that utilizes (noisy) annotations which are automatically generated by algorithms to train DL models for ant detection in videos. Our method consists of two main steps: (1) generate foreground objects using a (set of) state-of-the-art foreground extraction algorithm(s); (2) treat the results from step (1) as pseudo-annotations and use them to train deep neural networks for ant detection. We tackle several challenges on how to make use of automatically generated noisy annotations, how to learn from multiple annotation resources, and how to combine algorithm-generated annotations with human-labeled annotations (when available) for this learning framework. In experiments, we evaluate our method using 82 videos (totally 20,348 image frames) captured under natural conditions in a tropical rain-forest for dynamic ant behavior study. Without any manual annotation cost but only algorithm-generated annotations, our method can achieve a decent detection performance (77% in [Formula: see text] score). Moreover, when using only 10% manual annotations, our method can train a DL model to perform as well as using the full human annotations (81% in [Formula: see text] score).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Natalie Imirzian
- Department of Entomology and Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christoph Kurze
- Department of Entomology and Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Institute for Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, DE, Germany
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - David P Hughes
- Department of Entomology and Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Danny Z Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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8
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Saltz JB, Palmer MS, Beaudrot L. Identifying the social context of single- and mixed-species group formation in large African herbivores. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220105. [PMID: 37066657 PMCID: PMC10107273 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite continued interest in mixed-species groups, we still lack a unified understanding of how ecological and social processes work across scales to influence group formation. Recent work has revealed ecological correlates of mixed-species group formation, but the mechanisms by which concomitant social dynamics produce these patterns, if at all, is unknown. Here, we use camera trap data for six mammalian grazer species in Serengeti National Park. Building on previous work, we found that ecological variables, and especially forage quality, influenced the chances of species overlap over small spatio-temporal scales (i.e. on the scales of several metres and hours). Migratory species (gazelle, wildebeest and zebra) were more likely to have heterospecific partners available in sites with higher forage quality, but the opposite was true for resident species (buffalo, hartebeest and topi). These findings illuminate the circumstances under which mixed-species group formation is even possible. Next, we found that greater heterospecific availability was associated with an increased probability of mixed-species group formation in gazelle, hartebeest, wildebeest and zebra, but ecological variables did not further shape these patterns. Overall, our results are consistent with a model whereby ecological and social drivers of group formation are species-specific and operate on different spatio-temporal scales. This article is part of the theme issue 'Mixed-species groups and aggregations: shaping ecological and behavioural patterns and processes'.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. B. Saltz
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - M. S. Palmer
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - L. Beaudrot
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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9
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Papadopoulou M, Fürtbauer I, O'Bryan LR, Garnier S, Georgopoulou DG, Bracken AM, Christensen C, King AJ. Dynamics of collective motion across time and species. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220068. [PMID: 36802781 PMCID: PMC9939269 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Most studies of collective animal behaviour rely on short-term observations, and comparisons of collective behaviour across different species and contexts are rare. We therefore have a limited understanding of intra- and interspecific variation in collective behaviour over time, which is crucial if we are to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes that shape collective behaviour. Here, we study the collective motion of four species: shoals of stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus), flocks of homing pigeons (Columba livia), a herd of goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) and a troop of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus). First, we describe how local patterns (inter-neighbour distances and positions), and group patterns (group shape, speed and polarization) during collective motion differ across each system. Based on these, we place data from each species within a 'swarm space', affording comparisons and generating predictions about the collective motion across species and contexts. We encourage researchers to add their own data to update the 'swarm space' for future comparative work. Second, we investigate intraspecific variation in collective motion over time and provide guidance for researchers on when observations made over different time scales can result in confident inferences regarding species collective motion. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Collective behaviour through time'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Papadopoulou
- Biosciences, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
| | - Ines Fürtbauer
- Biosciences, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
| | - Lisa R. O'Bryan
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Simon Garnier
- Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Dimitra G. Georgopoulou
- Biosciences, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology & Aquaculture, HCMR, 71500 Hersonissos, Crete, Greece
| | - Anna M. Bracken
- Biosciences, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Charlotte Christensen
- Biosciences, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J. King
- Biosciences, School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK
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10
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Paun I, Husmeier D, Hopcraft JGC, Masolele MM, Torney CJ. Inferring spatially varying animal movement characteristics using a hierarchical continuous-time velocity model. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2726-2738. [PMID: 36256526 PMCID: PMC9828272 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the spatial dynamics of animal movement is an essential component of maintaining ecological connectivity, conserving key habitats, and mitigating the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance. Altered movement and migratory patterns are often an early warning sign of the effects of environmental disturbance, and a precursor to population declines. Here, we present a hierarchical Bayesian framework based on Gaussian processes for analysing the spatial characteristics of animal movement. At the heart of our approach is a novel covariance kernel that links the spatially varying parameters of a continuous-time velocity model with GPS locations from multiple individuals. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework by first applying it to a synthetic data set and then by analysing telemetry data from the Serengeti wildebeest migration. Through application of our approach, we are able to identify the key pathways of the wildebeest migration as well as revealing the impacts of environmental features on movement behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Paun
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Dirk Husmeier
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - J. Grant C. Hopcraft
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGraham Kerr BuildingGlasgowUK
| | | | - Colin J. Torney
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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11
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He P, Klarevas‐Irby JA, Papageorgiou D, Christensen C, Strauss ED, Farine DR. A guide to sampling design for
GPS
‐based studies of animal societies. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Department of Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Department of Biology University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - James A. Klarevas‐Irby
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Department of Biology University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Migration Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Radolfzell Germany
- Mpala Research Centre Nanyuki Kenya
| | - Danai Papageorgiou
- Department of Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Christensen
- Department of Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Mpala Research Centre Nanyuki Kenya
| | - Eli D. Strauss
- Department of Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Damien R. Farine
- Department of Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Department of Ornithology National Museums of Kenya Nairobi Kenya
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12
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Evans SR, Bearhop S. Variation in movement strategies: Capital versus income migration. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1961-1974. [PMID: 35962601 PMCID: PMC9825870 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Animal migrations represent the regular movements of trillions of individuals. The scale of these movements has inspired human intrigue for millennia and has been intensively studied by biologists. This research has highlighted the diversity of migratory strategies seen across and within migratory taxa: while some migrants temporarily express phenotypes dedicated to travel, others show little or no phenotypic flexibility in association with migration. However, a vocabulary for describing these contrasting solutions to the performance trade-offs inherent to the highly dynamic lifestyle of migrants (and strategies intermediate between these two extremes) is currently missing. We propose a taxon-independent organising framework based on energetics, distinguishing between migrants that forage as they travel (income migrants) and those that fuel migration using energy acquired before departure (capital migrants). Not only does our capital:income continuum of migratory energetics account for the variable extent of phenotypic flexibility within and across migrant populations, but it also aligns with theoreticians' treatment of migration and clarifies how migration impacts other phases of the life cycle. As such, it provides a unifying scale and common vacabulary for comparing the migratory strategies of divergent taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R. Evans
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
| | - Stuart Bearhop
- Centre for Ecology and ConservationUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
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13
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Torney CJ, Laxton M, Lloyd‐Jones DJ, Kohi EM, Frederick HL, Moyer DC, Mrisha C, Mwita M, Hopcraft JGC. Estimating the abundance of a group‐living species using multi‐latent spatial models. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin J. Torney
- School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - Megan Laxton
- School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - David J. Lloyd‐Jones
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Edward M. Kohi
- Conservation Information Monitoring Unit Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute Arusha Tanzania
| | | | - David C. Moyer
- Integrated Research Center The Field Museum of Natural History Chicago IL USA
| | - Chediel Mrisha
- Ministry of the Natural Resources and Tourism Dodoma Tanzania
| | - Machoke Mwita
- Conservation Information Monitoring Unit Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute Arusha Tanzania
| | - J. Grant C. Hopcraft
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health & Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
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14
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Gabrieli R, Malkinson D. Social organization and fitness response in grazing beef cows – understanding through interactions and activity measuring. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Spatial patterns in ecological systems: from microbial colonies to landscapes. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:245-258. [PMID: 35678374 DOI: 10.1042/etls20210282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-organized spatial patterns are ubiquitous in ecological systems and allow populations to adopt non-trivial spatial distributions starting from disordered configurations. These patterns form due to diverse nonlinear interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, and lead to the emergence of new (eco)system-level properties unique to self-organized systems. Such pattern consequences include higher resilience and resistance to environmental changes, abrupt ecosystem collapse, hysteresis loops, and reversal of competitive exclusion. Here, we review ecological systems exhibiting self-organized patterns. We establish two broad pattern categories depending on whether the self-organizing process is primarily driven by nonlinear density-dependent demographic rates or by nonlinear density-dependent movement. Using this organization, we examine a wide range of observational scales, from microbial colonies to whole ecosystems, and discuss the mechanisms hypothesized to underlie observed patterns and their system-level consequences. For each example, we review both the empirical evidence and the existing theoretical frameworks developed to identify the causes and consequences of patterning. Finally, we trace qualitative similarities across systems and propose possible ways of developing a more quantitative understanding of how self-organization operates across systems and observational scales in ecology.
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16
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17
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Cheong JH, Qiu X, Liu Y, Al-Omari A, Griffith J, Schüttler HB, Mao L, Arnold J. The macroscopic limit to synchronization of cellular clocks in single cells of Neurospora crassa. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6750. [PMID: 35468928 PMCID: PMC9039089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWe determined the macroscopic limit for phase synchronization of cellular clocks in an artificial tissue created by a “big chamber” microfluidic device to be about 150,000 cells or less. The dimensions of the microfluidic chamber allowed us to calculate an upper limit on the radius of a hypothesized quorum sensing signal molecule of 13.05 nm using a diffusion approximation for signal travel within the device. The use of a second microwell microfluidic device allowed the refinement of the macroscopic limit to a cell density of 2166 cells per fixed area of the device for phase synchronization. The measurement of averages over single cell trajectories in the microwell device supported a deterministic quorum sensing model identified by ensemble methods for clock phase synchronization. A strong inference framework was used to test the communication mechanism in phase synchronization of quorum sensing versus cell-to-cell contact, suggesting support for quorum sensing. Further evidence came from showing phase synchronization was density-dependent.
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18
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Nathan R, Monk CT, Arlinghaus R, Adam T, Alós J, Assaf M, Baktoft H, Beardsworth CE, Bertram MG, Bijleveld AI, Brodin T, Brooks JL, Campos-Candela A, Cooke SJ, Gjelland KØ, Gupte PR, Harel R, Hellström G, Jeltsch F, Killen SS, Klefoth T, Langrock R, Lennox RJ, Lourie E, Madden JR, Orchan Y, Pauwels IS, Říha M, Roeleke M, Schlägel UE, Shohami D, Signer J, Toledo S, Vilk O, Westrelin S, Whiteside MA, Jarić I. Big-data approaches lead to an increased understanding of the ecology of animal movement. Science 2022; 375:eabg1780. [PMID: 35175823 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg1780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding animal movement is essential to elucidate how animals interact, survive, and thrive in a changing world. Recent technological advances in data collection and management have transformed our understanding of animal "movement ecology" (the integrated study of organismal movement), creating a big-data discipline that benefits from rapid, cost-effective generation of large amounts of data on movements of animals in the wild. These high-throughput wildlife tracking systems now allow more thorough investigation of variation among individuals and species across space and time, the nature of biological interactions, and behavioral responses to the environment. Movement ecology is rapidly expanding scientific frontiers through large interdisciplinary and collaborative frameworks, providing improved opportunities for conservation and insights into the movements of wild animals, and their causes and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Lab, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Christopher T Monk
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway.,Centre for Coastal Research (CCR), Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Fish Biology, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Arlinghaus
- Department of Fish Biology, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Life Sciences and Integrative Research Institute on Transformations of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Adam
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Josep Alós
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Michael Assaf
- Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Henrik Baktoft
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, Technical University of Denmark, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Christine E Beardsworth
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, Den Burg, The Netherlands.,Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael G Bertram
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Allert I Bijleveld
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jill L Brooks
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Campos-Candela
- Department of Fish Biology, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.,Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Pratik R Gupte
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, Den Burg, The Netherlands.,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roi Harel
- Movement Ecology Lab, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gustav Hellström
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Shaun S Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Thomas Klefoth
- Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Nature and Engineering, Hochschule Bremen, City University of Applied Sciences, Bremen, Germany
| | - Roland Langrock
- Department of Business Administration and Economics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Robert J Lennox
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Bergen, Norway
| | - Emmanuel Lourie
- Movement Ecology Lab, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joah R Madden
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Yotam Orchan
- Movement Ecology Lab, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ine S Pauwels
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Milan Říha
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Roeleke
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ulrike E Schlägel
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - David Shohami
- Movement Ecology Lab, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Johannes Signer
- Wildlife Sciences, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sivan Toledo
- Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ohad Vilk
- Movement Ecology Lab, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Minerva Center for Movement Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Samuel Westrelin
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, Pôle R&D ECLA, RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Mark A Whiteside
- Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, UK
| | - Ivan Jarić
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecosystem Biology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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19
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African forest elephant movements depend on time scale and individual behavior. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12634. [PMID: 34135350 PMCID: PMC8208977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The critically endangered African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) plays a vital role in maintaining the structure and composition of Afrotropical forests, but basic information is lacking regarding the drivers of elephant movement and behavior at landscape scales. We use GPS location data from 96 individuals throughout Gabon to determine how five movement behaviors vary at different scales, how they are influenced by anthropogenic and environmental covariates, and to assess evidence for behavioral syndromes-elephants which share suites of similar movement traits. Elephants show some evidence of behavioral syndromes along an 'idler' to 'explorer' axis-individuals that move more have larger home ranges and engage in more 'exploratory' movements. However, within these groups, forest elephants express remarkable inter-individual variation in movement behaviours. This variation highlights that no two elephants are the same and creates challenges for practitioners aiming to design conservation initiatives.
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20
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Torney CJ, Morales JM, Husmeier D. A hierarchical machine learning framework for the analysis of large scale animal movement data. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:6. [PMID: 33602302 PMCID: PMC7893961 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years the field of movement ecology has been revolutionized by our ability to collect high-accuracy, fine scale telemetry data from individual animals and groups. This growth in our data collection capacity has led to the development of statistical techniques that integrate telemetry data with random walk models to infer key parameters of the movement dynamics. While much progress has been made in the use of these models, several challenges remain. Notably robust and scalable methods are required for quantifying parameter uncertainty, coping with intermittent location fixes, and analysing the very large volumes of data being generated. METHODS In this work we implement a novel approach to movement modelling through the use of multilevel Gaussian processes. The hierarchical structure of the method enables the inference of continuous latent behavioural states underlying movement processes. For efficient inference on large data sets, we approximate the full likelihood using trajectory segmentation and sample from posterior distributions using gradient-based Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. RESULTS While formally equivalent to many continuous-time movement models, our Gaussian process approach provides flexible, powerful models that can detect multiscale patterns and trends in movement trajectory data. We illustrate a further advantage to our approach in that inference can be performed using highly efficient, GPU-accelerated machine learning libraries. CONCLUSIONS Multilevel Gaussian process models offer efficient inference for large-volume movement data sets, along with the fitting of complex flexible models. Applications of this approach include inferring the mean location of a migration route and quantifying significant changes, detecting diurnal activity patterns, or identifying the onset of directed persistent movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Torney
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8SQ, UK.
| | - Juan M Morales
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8SQ, UK
- Grupo de Ecología Cuantitativa, INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Bariloche, S4140, Argentina
| | - Dirk Husmeier
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8SQ, UK
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21
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Oestreich WK, Fahlbusch JA, Cade DE, Calambokidis J, Margolina T, Joseph J, Friedlaender AS, McKenna MF, Stimpert AK, Southall BL, Goldbogen JA, Ryan JP. Animal-Borne Metrics Enable Acoustic Detection of Blue Whale Migration. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4773-4779.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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King TW, Vynne C, Miller D, Fisher S, Fitkin S, Rohrer J, Ransom JI, Thornton DH. The influence of spatial and temporal scale on the relative importance of biotic vs. abiotic factors for species distributions. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Travis W. King
- School of the Environment Washington State University Pullman WA USA
| | | | - David Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Sciences and Management Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
| | - Scott Fisher
- Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Northeast Region Colville WA USA
| | - Scott Fitkin
- Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, Okanogan District Winthrop WA USA
| | - John Rohrer
- U.S. Forest Service Okanogan‐Wenatchee National Forest Winthrop WA USA
| | - Jason I. Ransom
- National Park Service North Cascades National Park Service Complex Sedro‐Woolley WA USA
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23
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Fandos G, Rotics S, Sapir N, Fiedler W, Kaatz M, Wikelski M, Nathan R, Zurell D. Seasonal niche tracking of climate emerges at the population level in a migratory bird. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201799. [PMID: 32962549 PMCID: PMC7542805 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal animal migration is a widespread phenomenon. At the species level, it has been shown that many migratory animal species track similar climatic conditions throughout the year. However, it remains unclear whether such a niche tracking pattern is a direct consequence of individual behaviour or emerges at the population or species level through behavioural variability. Here, we estimated seasonal niche overlap and seasonal niche tracking at the individual and population level of central European white storks (Ciconia ciconia). We quantified niche tracking for both weather and climate conditions to control for the different spatio-temporal scales over which ecological processes may operate. Our results indicate that niche tracking is a bottom-up process. Individuals mainly track weather conditions while climatic niche tracking mainly emerges at the population level. This result may be partially explained by a high degree of intra- and inter-individual variation in niche overlap between seasons. Understanding how migratory individuals, populations and species respond to seasonal environments is key for anticipating the impacts of global environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Fandos
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shay Rotics
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behaviour, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nir Sapir
- Department Evolutionary and Environmental Biology and Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 3498838 Haifa, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Kaatz
- Vogelschutzwarte Storchenhof Loburg e.V., Loburg, Germany
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Lab, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behaviour, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany
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24
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Fagan WF, Gurarie E. Spatial Ecology: Herbivores and Green Waves — To Surf or Hang Loose? Curr Biol 2020; 30:R991-R993. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Simon RN, Fortin D. Crop raiders in an ecological trap: optimal foraging individual-based modeling quantifies the effect of alternate crops. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02111. [PMID: 32112455 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Crop raiding is an increasing source of human-wildlife conflict that antagonizes humans and can lead to heightened killing of wildlife. Attraction to crops can trigger ecological traps, where animals prefer areas of their range that confer relatively low fitness. Food can be used to draw animals away from problematic areas, but an alternative considered less often is to replace high-quality food with poorer alternatives. In any case, managers often have no means of anticipating by how much such interventions should impact animal use of space. Optimal foraging theory predicts that foragers optimizing their diet should choose food items according to their relative profitability (i.e., digestible energy/ handling time), a theoretical prediction that can orient management actions. Accordingly, we developed an individual-based model (IBM) simulating movement through empirical rules under an optimal foraging framework. Our objective was to quantify the effect size of cultivating alternate crops to reduce crop raiding and the associated human-induced mortality driving an ecological trap for an energy maximizer, plains bison (Bison bison bison). Results showed that almost tripling the area of cultivation of crops of lower profitability (from 24.3% of the bison range outside the protected area in one management scenario to 70.3% in another) only led to a 25% additional decrease in the intensity of crop raiding (from a decrease of 40% in the first scenario to a decrease of 65% in the second). This suggests that localized interventions in the landscape are likely to have a stronger impact in mitigating crop raiding than broad actions ignoring spatial patterns in food distribution. However, we obtained no significant reduction in the number of simulated bison being harvested in the first scenario, and only a small reduction in the second, when the intervention was spatially broad. Our individual-based approach to animal movement informed by optimal foraging demonstrates that linking landscape configuration to mortality rates can help managers anticipate the effectiveness of manipulating food to keep animals away from problematic zones. Yet disarming ecological traps driven by human hunting appears to be a much more challenging undertaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Nouailhetas Simon
- Département de Biologie and Centre d'Étude de la Forêt, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, 1045, avenue de la Médecine, bureau 2050, Québec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de Biologie and Centre d'Étude de la Forêt, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, 1045, avenue de la Médecine, bureau 2050, Québec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
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26
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27
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Owen‐Smith N, Hopcraft G, Morrison T, Chamaillé‐Jammes S, Hetem R, Bennitt E, Van Langevelde F. Movement ecology of large herbivores in African savannas: current knowledge and gaps. Mamm Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norman Owen‐Smith
- Centre for African Ecology School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Wits 2050 South Africa
| | - Grant Hopcraft
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Thomas Morrison
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | | | - Robyn Hetem
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Wits 2050 South Africa
| | - Emily Bennitt
- Okavango Research Institute University of Botswana Maun Botswana
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28
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Longest terrestrial migrations and movements around the world. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15333. [PMID: 31654045 PMCID: PMC6814704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-distance terrestrial migrations are imperiled globally. We determined both round-trip migration distances (straight-line measurements between migratory end points) and total annual movement (sum of the distances between successive relocations over a year) for a suite of large mammals that had potential for long-distance movements to test which species displayed the longest of both. We found that caribou likely do exhibit the longest terrestrial migrations on the planet, but, over the course of a year, gray wolves move the most. Our results were consistent with the trophic-level based hypothesis that predators would move more than their prey. Herbivores in low productivity environments moved more than herbivores in more productive habitats. We also found that larger members of the same guild moved less than smaller members, supporting the ‘gastro-centric’ hypothesis. A better understanding of migration and movements of large mammals should aid in their conservation by helping delineate conservation area boundaries and determine priority corridors for protection to preserve connectivity. The magnitude of the migrations and movements we documented should also provide guidance on the scale of conservation efforts required and assist conservation planning across agency and even national boundaries.
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29
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Williams HJ, Taylor LA, Benhamou S, Bijleveld AI, Clay TA, de Grissac S, Demšar U, English HM, Franconi N, Gómez-Laich A, Griffiths RC, Kay WP, Morales JM, Potts JR, Rogerson KF, Rutz C, Spelt A, Trevail AM, Wilson RP, Börger L. Optimizing the use of biologgers for movement ecology research. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:186-206. [PMID: 31424571 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The paradigm-changing opportunities of biologging sensors for ecological research, especially movement ecology, are vast, but the crucial questions of how best to match the most appropriate sensors and sensor combinations to specific biological questions and how to analyse complex biologging data, are mostly ignored. Here, we fill this gap by reviewing how to optimize the use of biologging techniques to answer questions in movement ecology and synthesize this into an Integrated Biologging Framework (IBF). We highlight that multisensor approaches are a new frontier in biologging, while identifying current limitations and avenues for future development in sensor technology. We focus on the importance of efficient data exploration, and more advanced multidimensional visualization methods, combined with appropriate archiving and sharing approaches, to tackle the big data issues presented by biologging. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in matching the peculiarities of specific sensor data to the statistical models used, highlighting at the same time the large advances which will be required in the latter to properly analyse biologging data. Taking advantage of the biologging revolution will require a large improvement in the theoretical and mathematical foundations of movement ecology, to include the rich set of high-frequency multivariate data, which greatly expand the fundamentally limited and coarse data that could be collected using location-only technology such as GPS. Equally important will be the establishment of multidisciplinary collaborations to catalyse the opportunities offered by current and future biologging technology. If this is achieved, clear potential exists for developing a vastly improved mechanistic understanding of animal movements and their roles in ecological processes and for building realistic predictive models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Williams
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Lucy A Taylor
- Save the Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Benhamou
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Allert I Bijleveld
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, Utrecht University, Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas A Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sophie de Grissac
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Urška Demšar
- School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Holly M English
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Novella Franconi
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Agustina Gómez-Laich
- Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR), CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Rachael C Griffiths
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - William P Kay
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Juan Manuel Morales
- Grupo de Ecología Cuantitativa, INIBIOMA-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Jonathan R Potts
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Christian Rutz
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Anouk Spelt
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Bristol, University Walk, UK
| | - Alice M Trevail
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rory P Wilson
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Luca Börger
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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30
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Teitelbaum CS, Mueller T. Beyond Migration: Causes and Consequences of Nomadic Animal Movements. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 34:569-581. [PMID: 30885413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in animal tracking reveal that many species display irregular movements that do not fall into classical categories of movement patterns such as range residency or migration. Here, we develop a unifying framework that distinguishes these nomadic movements based on their patterns, drivers, and mechanisms. Though they occur in diverse taxa and geographic regions, nomadic movements are united by both their underlying environmental drivers, mainly environmental stochasticity, and the resulting irregular, far-ranging movement patterns. The framework further classifies types of nomadic movements, including full, seasonal, phase, irruptive, and partial nomadism. Nomadic movements can have unique effects on populations, communities, and ecosystems, most notably providing intermittent disturbances and novel introductions of propagules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S Teitelbaum
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, 140 E Green St., Athens, GA 30602, USA. https://twitter.com/@cs_teitelbaum
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt and Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany. https://twitter.com/@secnkenberg
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31
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Torney CJ, Lamont M, Debell L, Angohiatok RJ, Leclerc LM, Berdahl AM. Inferring the rules of social interaction in migrating caribou. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0385. [PMID: 29581404 PMCID: PMC5882989 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interactions are a significant factor that influence the decision-making of species ranging from humans to bacteria. In the context of animal migration, social interactions may lead to improved decision-making, greater ability to respond to environmental cues, and the cultural transmission of optimal routes. Despite their significance, the precise nature of social interactions in migrating species remains largely unknown. Here we deploy unmanned aerial systems to collect aerial footage of caribou as they undertake their migration from Victoria Island to mainland Canada. Through a Bayesian analysis of trajectories we reveal the fine-scale interaction rules of migrating caribou and show they are attracted to one another and copy directional choices of neighbours, but do not interact through clearly defined metric or topological interaction ranges. By explicitly considering the role of social information on movement decisions we construct a map of near neighbour influence that quantifies the nature of information flow in these herds. These results will inform more realistic, mechanism-based models of migration in caribou and other social ungulates, leading to better predictions of spatial use patterns and responses to changing environmental conditions. Moreover, we anticipate that the protocol we developed here will be broadly applicable to study social behaviour in a wide range of migratory and non-migratory taxa. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Collective movement ecology’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Torney
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QW, UK .,Centre for Mathematics & the Environment, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Myles Lamont
- TerraFauna Wildlife Consulting, 19313 Zero Avenue, Surrey, BC, Canada, V3Z 9R9.,Government of Nunavut, Department of Environment, Kugluktuk, NU, Canada, X0B 0E0
| | - Leon Debell
- Centre for Mathematics & the Environment, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK
| | | | - Lisa-Marie Leclerc
- Government of Nunavut, Department of Environment, Kugluktuk, NU, Canada, X0B 0E0
| | - Andrew M Berdahl
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA .,School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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32
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Berdahl AM, Kao AB, Flack A, Westley PAH, Codling EA, Couzin ID, Dell AI, Biro D. Collective animal navigation and migratory culture: from theoretical models to empirical evidence. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0009. [PMID: 29581394 PMCID: PMC5882979 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals often travel in groups, and their navigational decisions can be influenced by social interactions. Both theory and empirical observations suggest that such collective navigation can result in individuals improving their ability to find their way and could be one of the key benefits of sociality for these species. Here, we provide an overview of the potential mechanisms underlying collective navigation, review the known, and supposed, empirical evidence for such behaviour and highlight interesting directions for future research. We further explore how both social and collective learning during group navigation could lead to the accumulation of knowledge at the population level, resulting in the emergence of migratory culture. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Collective movement ecology’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Berdahl
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA .,School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Albert B Kao
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Andrea Flack
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter A H Westley
- Department of Fisheries, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Edward A Codling
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Iain D Couzin
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Konstanz, Germany.,Chair of Biodiversity and Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anthony I Dell
- National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, Alton, IL 62024, USA.,Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Dora Biro
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
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33
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Fryxell JM, Berdahl AM. Fitness trade-offs of group formation and movement by Thomson's gazelles in the Serengeti ecosystem. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0013. [PMID: 29581398 PMCID: PMC5882983 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviours contributing to patterns of group formation and coordinated movement are common across many ecosystems and taxa. Their ubiquity is presumably due to altering interactions between individuals and their predators, resources and physical environment in ways that enhance individual fitness. On the other hand, fitness costs are also often associated with group formation. Modifications to these interactions have the potential to dramatically impact population-level processes, such as trophic interactions or patterns of space use in relation to abiotic environmental variation. In a wide variety of empirical systems and models, collective behaviour has been shown to enhance access to ephemeral patches of resources, reduce the risk of predation and reduce vulnerability to environmental fluctuation. Evolution of collective behaviour should accordingly depend on the advantages of collective behaviour weighed against the costs experienced at the individual level. As an illustrative case study, we consider the potential trade-offs on Malthusian fitness associated with patterns of group formation and movement by migratory Thomson's gazelles in the Serengeti ecosystem. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Collective movement ecology’.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Fryxell
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Andrew M Berdahl
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA.,School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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34
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Hughey LF, Hein AM, Strandburg-Peshkin A, Jensen FH. Challenges and solutions for studying collective animal behaviour in the wild. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:20170005. [PMID: 29581390 PMCID: PMC5882975 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobile animal groups provide some of the most compelling examples of self-organization in the natural world. While field observations of songbird flocks wheeling in the sky or anchovy schools fleeing from predators have inspired considerable interest in the mechanics of collective motion, the challenge of simultaneously monitoring multiple animals in the field has historically limited our capacity to study collective behaviour of wild animal groups with precision. However, recent technological advancements now present exciting opportunities to overcome many of these limitations. Here we review existing methods used to collect data on the movements and interactions of multiple animals in a natural setting. We then survey emerging technologies that are poised to revolutionize the study of collective animal behaviour by extending the spatial and temporal scales of inquiry, increasing data volume and quality, and expediting the post-processing of raw data.This article is part of the theme issue 'Collective movement ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacey F Hughey
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Andrew M Hein
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Ariana Strandburg-Peshkin
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Am Obstberg 1, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frants H Jensen
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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35
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Westley PAH, Berdahl AM, Torney CJ, Biro D. Collective movement in ecology: from emerging technologies to conservation and management. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:20170004. [PMID: 29581389 PMCID: PMC5882974 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in technology and quantitative methods have led to the emergence of a new field of study that stands to link insights of researchers from two closely related, but often disconnected disciplines: movement ecology and collective animal behaviour. To date, the field of movement ecology has focused on elucidating the internal and external drivers of animal movement and the influence of movement on broader ecological processes. Typically, tracking and/or remote sensing technology is employed to study individual animals in natural conditions. By contrast, the field of collective behaviour has quantified the significant role social interactions play in the decision-making of animals within groups and, to date, has predominantly relied on controlled laboratory-based studies and theoretical models owing to the constraints of studying interacting animals in the field. This themed issue is intended to formalize the burgeoning field of collective movement ecology which integrates research from both movement ecology and collective behaviour. In this introductory paper, we set the stage for the issue by briefly examining the approaches and current status of research in these areas. Next, we outline the structure of the theme issue and describe the obstacles collective movement researchers face, from data acquisition in the field to analysis and problems of scale, and highlight the key contributions of the assembled papers. We finish by presenting research that links individual and broad-scale ecological and evolutionary processes to collective movement, and finally relate these concepts to emerging challenges for the management and conservation of animals on the move in a world that is increasingly impacted by human activity.This article is part of the theme issue 'Collective movement ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A H Westley
- Department of Fisheries, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Andrew M Berdahl
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Colin J Torney
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8SQ, UK
| | - Dora Biro
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
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