1
|
Contreras J, Gomà J, Velalcázar D, Montori A. Thermal Tolerance and Preferred Temperature in the Critical Endangered Montseny Brook Newt ( Calotriton arnoldi). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1963. [PMID: 38998074 PMCID: PMC11240504 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change, driven by increased human greenhouse gas emissions since the beginning of the industrial revolution up to the present day, is considered one of the major threats to biodiversity in the twenty-first century. One of the most affected groups is the ectotherms due to their direct dependence on environmental temperatures. In recent years, several studies have analysed the effects of temperature and thermal tolerance on several species of ectotherms. However, there are species whose thermal tolerances are still unknown. Such is the case of the critically endangered species, the Montseny Brook Newt (Calotriton arnoldi), endemic to the Montseny massif in Spain and whose thermal biology is unknown. Its critical situation makes it essential to know its tolerance to cooling, warming and thermopreferendum in water environments where the newt lives. Three experimental procedures were conducted from the western and eastern subspecies of C. arnoldi, considering four classes separately (males, females, juveniles and larvae). The results obtained showed that the CTmax of the species exceeded 31 °C, with a significant difference between the two subspecies. We found that the species tolerates low temperatures (<1 °C) well because the genera Calotriton is adapted to live in cold waters with temperatures below 15 °C. Although the thermopreference of the species was expected to trend to cold temperatures, some individuals chose relatively high temperatures, obtaining a range of 11.7 °C to 21.6 °C. The results presented in this study are an advance in the knowledge of the thermal physiology of this species and support the importance of the temperature of the torrent on its survival. Knowing their thermal limits and their preferred temperature range will help to propose management measures that promote the conservation of streams and riparian forest cover to mitigate temperature increases due to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Contreras
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076, Quito 170143, Ecuador;
| | - Joan Gomà
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology, and Management Laboratory (FEHM-Lab), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Velalcázar
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. Manuelita Sáenz, Ambato 180207, Ecuador;
| | - Albert Montori
- CREAC, Centre de Recerca i Educació Ambiental de Calafell, Secció Herpetologia, Aj, Calafell, 43882 Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bernatchez L, Ferchaud AL, Berger CS, Venney CJ, Xuereb A. Genomics for monitoring and understanding species responses to global climate change. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:165-183. [PMID: 37863940 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
All life forms across the globe are experiencing drastic changes in environmental conditions as a result of global climate change. These environmental changes are happening rapidly, incur substantial socioeconomic costs, pose threats to biodiversity and diminish a species' potential to adapt to future environments. Understanding and monitoring how organisms respond to human-driven climate change is therefore a major priority for the conservation of biodiversity in a rapidly changing environment. Recent developments in genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic technologies are enabling unprecedented insights into the evolutionary processes and molecular bases of adaptation. This Review summarizes methods that apply and integrate omics tools to experimentally investigate, monitor and predict how species and communities in the wild cope with global climate change, which is by genetically adapting to new environmental conditions, through range shifts or through phenotypic plasticity. We identify advantages and limitations of each method and discuss future research avenues that would improve our understanding of species' evolutionary responses to global climate change, highlighting the need for holistic, multi-omics approaches to ecosystem monitoring during global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Bernatchez
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Ferchaud
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
- Parks Canada, Office of the Chief Ecosystem Scientist, Protected Areas Establishment, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Chloé Suzanne Berger
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clare J Venney
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amanda Xuereb
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
von Schmalensee L, Caillault P, Gunnarsdóttir KH, Gotthard K, Lehmann P. Seasonal specialization drives divergent population dynamics in two closely related butterflies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3663. [PMID: 37339960 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasons impose different selection pressures on organisms through contrasting environmental conditions. How such seasonal evolutionary conflict is resolved in organisms whose lives span across seasons remains underexplored. Through field experiments, laboratory work, and citizen science data analyses, we investigate this question using two closely related butterflies (Pieris rapae and P. napi). Superficially, the two butterflies appear highly ecologically similar. Yet, the citizen science data reveal that their fitness is partitioned differently across seasons. Pieris rapae have higher population growth during the summer season but lower overwintering success than do P. napi. We show that these differences correspond to the physiology and behavior of the butterflies. Pieris rapae outperform P. napi at high temperatures in several growth season traits, reflected in microclimate choice by ovipositing wild females. Instead, P. rapae have higher winter mortality than do P. napi. We conclude that the difference in population dynamics between the two butterflies is driven by seasonal specialization, manifested as strategies that maximize gains during growth seasons and minimize harm during adverse seasons, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loke von Schmalensee
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pauline Caillault
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Karl Gotthard
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philipp Lehmann
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Animal Physiology, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, 1D-17489, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ecological marginalization is widespread and increases extinction risk in mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2205315120. [PMID: 36623195 PMCID: PMC9934025 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205315120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human land-use results in widespread range change across taxa. Anthropogenic pressures can result in species' realized niches expanding, shifting, or contracting. Marginalization occurs when contraction constrains species to the geographic or ecological extremes of their historic niche. Using 4,785 terrestrial mammal species, we show that range contraction results in niche space and habitat diversity loss. Additionally, ecological marginalization is a common consequence of range contraction caused by human land use change. Remnant populations become located in the climatic and topographic extremes of their historic niche that are more likely to be at the periphery of their historic niche at greater distances from historic niche centroids. This ecological marginalization is associated with poor performance and increased extinction risk independent of geographic range loss. Range loss and marginalization may create a "double whammy" in vulnerable groups, such as large-bodied species and species with small geographical range size. Our results reveal a hitherto unrecognized conservation threat that is vital to incorporate into conservation assessment and management.
Collapse
|
5
|
Areche FO, Gondal AH, Rodriguez AR, Flores DDC, Sulca JYM, Bustamante MAC, Pérez PL, Yapias RJM, Victorio JPE, Huayhua LLA. Fragile Effects of Climatic Variation on Goat Protein and its Products: A Review. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.10.3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Goats are useful to smaller communities because of their low production costs, limited feed requirements, rapid generation rates, and ability to consistently provide modest volumes of milk that are suitable for immediate use in home. The flavour of dairy dishes is greatly influenced by the proteins found in goat milk and contributing in texture, viscosity, and structure to dairy dishes, all of which enhance the dining experience. Amino acids like glycine, alanine, and peptides can act as precursors to other volatile aroma-active molecules and so set off basic flavours. Increasing temperatures have major consequences for goat milk by-products, including as altering their flavour through denaturation of proteins, the emission of sulfuric chemicals, and an eggy fragrance in the case of scaled milk. Although there has been increasing evidence that environmental changes have an impact on food availability and quality in recent decades, the impacts of these changes on food composition are still largely understood. The potential impact of climate change on food quality must be disclosed. This study suggests a fundamental, but as of yet unexplored, method by which climate change can impact global food and nutrition security: changes in food nutritional content beyond those caused by agricultural production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Ore Areche
- 1Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica-Peru
| | - Aqarab Husnain Gondal
- 2Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Alfonso Ruiz Rodriguez
- 1Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica-Peru
| | - Denis Dante Corilla Flores
- 1Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica-Peru
| | - Jeny Yanet Marquez Sulca
- 1Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica-Peru
| | | | - Peter Llimpe Pérez
- 1Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica-Peru
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gompert Z, Flaxman SM, Feder JL, Chevin LM, Nosil P. Laplace's demon in biology: Models of evolutionary prediction. Evolution 2022; 76:2794-2810. [PMID: 36193839 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to predict natural phenomena can be limited by incomplete information. This issue is exemplified by "Laplace's demon," an imaginary creature proposed in the 18th century, who knew everything about everything, and thus could predict the full nature of the universe forward or backward in time. Quantum mechanics, among other things, has cast doubt on the possibility of Laplace's demon in the full sense, but the idea still serves as a useful metaphor for thinking about the extent to which prediction is limited by incomplete information on deterministic processes versus random factors. Here, we use simple analytical models and computer simulations to illustrate how data limits can be captured in a Bayesian framework, and how they influence our ability to predict evolution. We show how uncertainty in measurements of natural selection, or low predictability of external environmental factors affecting selection, can greatly reduce predictive power, often swamping the influence of intrinsic randomness caused by genetic drift. Thus, more accurate knowledge concerning the causes and action of natural selection is key to improving prediction. Fortunately, our analyses and simulations show quantitatively that reasonable improvements in data quantity and quality can meaningfully increase predictability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeffrey L Feder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Luis-Miguel Chevin
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrik Nosil
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mayekar HV, Ramkumar DK, Garg D, Nair A, Khandelwal A, Joshi K, Rajpurohit S. Clinal variation as a tool to understand climate change. Front Physiol 2022; 13:880728. [PMID: 36304576 PMCID: PMC9593049 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.880728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clines are observable gradients that reflect continuous change in biological traits of species across geographical ranges. Clinal gradients could vary at geographic scales (latitude and altitude). Since clinal variations represent active genomic responses at the population level they (clines) provide an immense power to address questions related to climatic change. With the fast pace of climate change i.e. warming, populations are also likely to exhibit rapid responses; at both the phenotypic and genotypic levels. We seek to understand how clinal variation could be used to anticipate climatic responses using Drosophila, a pervasively used inter-disciplinary model system owing to its molecular repertoire. The genomic information coupled with the phenotypic variation greatly facilitates our understanding of the Drosophilidae response to climate change. We discuss traits associated with clinal variation at the phenotypic level as well as their underlying genetic regulators. Given prevailing climatic conditions and future projections for climate change, clines could emerge as monitoring tools to track the cross-talk between climatic variables and organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Subhash Rajpurohit
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, GJ, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wellenreuther M, Dudaniec RY, Neu A, Lessard JP, Bridle J, Carbonell JA, Diamond SE, Marshall KE, Parmesan C, Singer MC, Swaegers J, Thomas CD, Lancaster LT. The importance of eco-evolutionary dynamics for predicting and managing insect range shifts. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 52:100939. [PMID: 35644339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2022.100939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary change impacts the rate at which insect pests, pollinators, or disease vectors expand or contract their geographic ranges. Although evolutionary changes, and their ecological feedbacks, strongly affect these risks and associated ecological and economic consequences, they are often underappreciated in management efforts. Greater rigor and scope in study design, coupled with innovative technologies and approaches, facilitates our understanding of the causes and consequences of eco-evolutionary dynamics in insect range shifts. Future efforts need to ensure that forecasts allow for demographic and evolutionary change and that management strategies will maximize (or minimize) the adaptive potential of range-shifting insects, with benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Wellenreuther
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd, Nelson, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rachael Y Dudaniec
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Anika Neu
- Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Jon Bridle
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, UK
| | - José A Carbonell
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Sarah E Diamond
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Katie E Marshall
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Camille Parmesan
- Station d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France; Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK; Dept of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Michael C Singer
- Station d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France; Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Janne Swaegers
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Chris D Thomas
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Lesley T Lancaster
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen UK AB24 2TZ.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tunstrom K, Wheat CW, Parmesan C, Singer MC, Mikheyev AS. A genome for Edith's checkerspot butterfly: an insect with complex host-adaptive suites and rapid evolutionary responses to environmental changes. Genome Biol Evol 2022; 14:6649524. [PMID: 35876165 PMCID: PMC9348621 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects have been key players in the assessments of biodiversity impacts of anthropogenically driven environmental change, including the evolutionary and ecological impacts of climate change. Populations of Edith’s Checkerspot Butterfly (Euphydryas editha) adapt rapidly to diverse environmental conditions, with numerous high-impact studies documenting these dynamics over several decades. However, studies of the underlying genetic bases of these responses have been hampered by missing genomic resources, limiting the ability to connect genomic responses to environmental change. Using a combination of Oxford Nanopore long reads, haplotype merging, HiC scaffolding followed by Illumina polishing, we generated a highly contiguous and complete assembly (contigs n = 142, N50 = 21.2 Mb, total length = 607.8 Mb; BUSCOs n = 5,286, single copy complete = 97.8%, duplicated = 0.9%, fragmented = 0.3%, missing = 1.0%). A total of 98% of the assembled genome was placed into 31 chromosomes, which displayed large-scale synteny with other well-characterized lepidopteran genomes. The E. editha genome, annotation, and functional descriptions now fill a missing gap for one of the leading field-based ecological model systems in North America.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalle Tunstrom
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Camille Parmesan
- Station d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France.,Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K.,Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, U.S.A
| | - Michael C Singer
- Station d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France.,Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K
| | - Alexander S Mikheyev
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rafajlović M, Alexander JM, Butlin RK, Johannesson K. Introduction to the theme issue 'Species' ranges in the face of changing environments'. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210002. [PMID: 35184596 PMCID: PMC8859519 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding where, when and how species' ranges will be modified is both a fundamental problem and essential to predicting how spatio-temporal environmental changes in abiotic and biotic factors impact biodiversity. Notably, different species may respond disparately to similar environmental changes: some species may overcome an environmental change only with difficulty or not at all, while other species may readily overcome the same change. Ranges may contract, expand or move. The drivers and consequences of this variability in species' responses remain puzzling. Importantly, changes in a species' range creates feedbacks to the environmental conditions, populations and communities in its previous and current range, rendering population genetic, population dynamic and community processes inextricably linked. Understanding these links is critical in guiding biodiversity management and conservation efforts. This theme issue presents current thinking about the factors and mechanisms that limit and/or modify species' ranges. It also outlines different approaches to detect changes in species' distributions, and illustrates cases of range modifications in several taxa. Overall, this theme issue highlights the urgency of understanding species' ranges but shows that we are only just beginning to disentangle the processes involved. One way forward is to unite ecology with evolutionary biology and empirical with modelling approaches. This article is part of the theme issue 'Species' ranges in the face of changing environments (Part II)'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rafajlović
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jake M. Alexander
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roger K. Butlin
- Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, 452 96 Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Johannesson
- Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, 452 96 Strömstad, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|