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Jearanaiwitayakul T, Sunintaboon P, Kittiayuwat A, Limthongkul J, Wathanaphol J, Janhirun Y, Lerdsamran H, Wiriyarat W, Ubol S. Intranasal immunization with the bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectively protects mice from nasal infection and completely inhibits disease development. Vaccine 2024; 42:3664-3673. [PMID: 38714446 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) waves, the scientific community has developed a vaccine that offers broad-spectrum protection at virus-targeted organs for inhibiting the transmission and protection of disease development. In the present study, a bivalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine containing receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of spike from Wuhan-1 and omicron BA.1 loaded in nanoparticles, bivalent RBD NPs, was developed. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of this vaccine candidate were evaluated using an in vivo model. Results showed that mice that received intranasal cGAMP-adjuvanted bivalent RBD-NPs vaccine elicited robust and durable antibody responses. The stimulated antibody broadly neutralized the ancestral strain and variants of concerns (delta and omicron BA.1) in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Furthermore, the immunized mice developed T-cell response in their lung tissue. Importantly, intranasal immunization with this vaccine candidate efficiently protected mice from nasal infection caused by both Wuhan-1 and BA.1 viruses. Immunized mice that remained susceptible to nasal infection did not develop any symptoms. This is because activated responses in the nasal cavity significantly suppressed virus production. Another word is this nasal vaccine completely protected the mice from disease development and mortality. Therefore, the bivalent RBD vaccine platform has potential to be developed into an anti-SARS-CoV-2 universal vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Anuwat Kittiayuwat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jidapar Wathanaphol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Yada Janhirun
- Department of Clinical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Hatairat Lerdsamran
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Witthawat Wiriyarat
- Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Zou J, Li L, Zheng P, Liang W, Hu S, Zhou S, Wang Y, Zhao J, Yuan D, Liu L, Wu D, Xu M, Zhang F, Zhu M, Wu Z, Cao X, Ni M, Ling X, Wu Y, Kuang Z, Hu M, Li J, Li X, Guo X, Xu T, Jiang H, Gao C, Yu M, Liu J, Zhong N, Zhou J, Huang JA, Jin T, He J. Ultrapotent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with a high degree of mutation resistance. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:154987. [PMID: 35108220 PMCID: PMC8843702 DOI: 10.1172/jci154987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) lose potency against variants of concern. In this study, we developed 2 strategies to produce mutation-resistant antibodies. First, a yeast library expressing mutant receptor binding domains (RBDs) of the spike protein was utilized to screen for potent nAbs that are least susceptible to viral escape. Among the candidate antibodies, P5-22 displayed ultrahigh potency for virus neutralization as well as an outstanding mutation resistance profile. Additionally, P14-44 and P15-16 were recognized as mutation-resistant antibodies with broad betacoronavirus neutralization properties. P15-16 has only 1 binding hotspot, which is K378 in the RBD of SARS-CoV-2. The crystal structure of the P5-22, P14-44, and RBD ternary complex clarified the unique mechanisms that underlie the excellent mutation resistance profiles of these antibodies. Secondly, polymeric IgG enhanced antibody avidity by eliminating P5-22’s only hotspot, residue F486 in the RBD, thereby potently blocking cell entry by mutant viruses. Structural and functional analyses of antibodies screened using both potency assays and the yeast RBD library revealed rare, ultrapotent, mutation-resistant nAbs against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zou
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China.,Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Li
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peiyi Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Hu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuaixiang Zhou
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincun Zhao
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daopeng Yuan
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqiu Xu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengzhu Zhu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaochao Cao
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Ni
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Ling
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihui Kuang
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Moyan Hu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Li
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiling Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianmin Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Changshou Gao
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Michael Yu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjian Liu
- Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Crook JM, Murphy I, Carter DP, Pullan ST, Carroll M, Vipond R, Cunningham AA, Bell D. Metagenomic identification of a new sarbecovirus from horseshoe bats in Europe. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14723. [PMID: 34282196 PMCID: PMC8289822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The source of the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown, but the natural host of the progenitor sarbecovirus is thought to be Asian horseshoe (rhinolophid) bats. We identified and sequenced a novel sarbecovirus (RhGB01) from a British horseshoe bat, at the western extreme of the rhinolophid range. Our results extend both the geographic and species ranges of sarbecoviruses and suggest their presence throughout the horseshoe bat distribution. Within the spike protein receptor binding domain, but excluding the receptor binding motif, RhGB01 has a 77% (SARS-CoV-2) and 81% (SARS-CoV) amino acid homology. While apparently lacking hACE2 binding ability, and hence unlikely to be zoonotic without mutation, RhGB01 presents opportunity for SARS-CoV-2 and other sarbecovirus homologous recombination. Our findings highlight that the natural distribution of sarbecoviruses and opportunities for recombination through intermediate host co-infection are underestimated. Preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to bats is critical with the current global mass vaccination campaign against this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M Crook
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7TX, UK
| | - Ivana Murphy
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Daniel P Carter
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Steven T Pullan
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Miles Carroll
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Vipond
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | | | - Diana Bell
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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