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Li H, Li R, Kang J, Hii KS, Mohamed HF, Xu X, Luo Z. Okeanomitos corallinicola gen. and sp. nov. (Nostocales, Cyanobacteria), a new toxic marine heterocyte-forming Cyanobacterium from a coral reef. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38943258 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial mats supplanting coral and spreading coral diseases in tropical reefs, intensified by environmental shifts caused by human-induced pressures, nutrient enrichment, and global climate change, pose grave risks to the survival of coral ecosystems. In this study, we characterized Okeanomitos corallinicola gen. and sp. nov., a newly discovered toxic marine heterocyte-forming cyanobacterium isolated from a coral reef ecosystem of the South China Sea. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene and the secondary structure of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic region, placed this species in a clade distinct from closely related genera, that is, Sphaerospermopsis stricto sensu, Raphidiopsis, and Amphiheterocytum. The O. corallinicola is a marine benthic species lacking gas vesicles, distinguishing it from other members of the Aphanizomenonaceae family. The genome of O. corallinicola is large and exhibits diverse functional capabilities, potentially contributing to the resilience and adaptability of coral reef ecosystems. In vitro assays revealed that O. corallinicola demonstrates notable cytotoxic activity against various cancer cell lines, suggesting its potential as a source of novel anticancer compounds. Furthermore, the identification of residual saxitoxin biosynthesis function in the genome of O. corallinicola, a marine cyanobacteria, supports the theory that saxitoxin genes in cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates may have been horizontally transferred between them or may have originated from a shared ancestor. Overall, the identification and characterization of O. corallinicola provides valuable contributions to cyanobacterial taxonomy, offering novel perspectives on complex interactions within coral reef ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Marine Drugs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Renhui Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Kang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Kieng Soon Hii
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hala F Mohamed
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Xinya Xu
- Institute of Marine Drugs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zhaohe Luo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
- Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, China
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Delgado JMV, Pólit PA, Panta-Vélez RP, Rodríguez-Díaz JM, Dapena JD, Lozano AL, Maddela NR. Identification and Composition of Cyanobacteria in Ecuadorian Shrimp Farming Ponds-Possible Risk to Human Health. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:237. [PMID: 38907801 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms in various water bodies have been given much attention nowadays as they release hazardous substances in the surrounding areas. These toxic planktonic cyanobacteria in shrimp ponds greatly affect the survival of shrimps. Ecuador is the second highest shrimp producing country in the Americas after Brazil; and the shrimp-based economy is under threat due to toxic cyanobacterial blooms in Ecuador shrimp ponds. This study investigated the abundance of different cyanobacteria in the shrimp ponds at the Chone and Jama rivers (in Manabi province) at Ecuadorian pacific coast, focusing on different environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, salinity, and light. Temperature and pH were identified as key factors in influencing the abundance of cyanobacteria, with a significant positive correlation between Raphidiopsis raciborskii and pH. The highest and lowest abundance of cyanobacteria found during the dry season in the shrimp ponds near the Chone and Jama rivers were > 3 × 106 and 1 × 106 Cell.m-3, respectively. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index fluctuated between 0.41-1.15 and 0.31-1.15 for shrimp ponds of Chone and Jama rivers, respectively. This variation was linked to changes in salinity and the presence of harmful algal blooms, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring. Additionally, the study areas showed eutrophic conditions with low diversity, underlining the need for additional spatiotemporal studies and expanded research in both rivers, to better understand these complex phenomena. The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and expanded research in cyanobacteria ecology, with implications for public health and aquatic resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Vera Delgado
- Departmento de Procesos Químicos, Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Patricio Alcívar Pólit
- Departamento de Acuicultura, Pesca y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Acuicultura y Ciencias del Mar, Extensión Sucre, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Chone, Manabí, Ecuador
| | - Rodolfo Patricio Panta-Vélez
- Departamento de Acuicultura, Pesca y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Acuicultura y Ciencias del Mar, Extensión Sucre, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Chone, Manabí, Ecuador
| | - Joan Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz
- Departmento de Procesos Químicos, Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador
| | - Jesús Díez Dapena
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio López Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, 130105, Manabí, Ecuador.
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Exploring the Relationship between Biosynthetic Gene Clusters and Constitutive Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids in Brazilian Cyanobacteria. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031420. [PMID: 36771087 PMCID: PMC9918943 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are oxygenic phototrophic prokaryotes that have evolved to produce ultraviolet-screening mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) to lessen harmful effects from obligatory exposure to solar UV radiation. The cyanobacterial MAA biosynthetic cluster is formed by a gene encoding 2-epi-5-epi-valiolone synthase (EVS) located immediately upstream from an O-methyltransferase (OMT) encoding gene, which together biosynthesize the expected MAA precursor 4-deoxygadusol. Accordingly, these genes are typically absent in non-producers. In this study, the relationship between gene cluster architecture and constitutive production of MAAs was evaluated in cyanobacteria isolated from various Brazilian biomes. Constitutive production of MAAs was only detected in strains where genes formed a co-linear cluster. Expectedly, this production was enhanced upon exposure of the strains to UV irradiance and by using distinct culture media. Constitutive production of MAAs was not detected in all other strains and, unexpectedly, production could not be induced by exposure to UV irradiation or changing growth media. Other photoprotection strategies which might be employed by these MAA non-producing strains are discussed. The evolutionary and ecological significance of gene order conservation warrants closer experimentation, which may provide a first insight into regulatory interactions of genes encoding enzymes for MAA biosynthesis.
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Viana JLM, Souza AFD, Hernández AH, Elias LP, Eismann CE, Rezende-Filho AT, Barbiero L, Menegario AA, Fostier AH. In situ arsenic speciation at the soil/water interface of saline-alkaline lakes of the Pantanal, Brazil: A DGT-based approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150113. [PMID: 34520925 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring element in the Earth's crust, exhibiting toxicity towards a wide range of living organisms. Its properties and environmental dynamics are strongly regulated by its speciation, and the species As(III) and As(V) are the most commonly found in environmental systems. Recently, high concentrations of As were found in saline-alkaline lakes of the Pantanal (Brazil), which is the largest wetland area in the world. Therefore, we evaluated As contamination and its redox speciation (As(III) and As(V)) at the soil/water interface of biogeochemically distinct saline-alkaline lakes of Pantanal wetlands (Brazil). Both conventional sampling and in situ diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique were employed. Zirconium oxide and 3-mercaptopropyl were used as ligand phases in DGT to selectively bind As species. High concentrations of total dissolved As in a shallow water table were found (<2337.5 μg L-1), whereas levels in soils were up to 2.4 μg g-1. Distinct scenarios were observed when comparing speciation analysis through spot sampling and DGT. Considering spot sampling, As(V) was the main species detected, whereas As(III) was only detected in only a few samples (<4.2 μg L-1). Conversely, results obtained by DGT showed that labile As(III) dominated arsenic speciation at the soil/water interface with levels up to 203.0 μg L-1. Coupling DGT data and DGT induced fluxes in sediments and soils model allowed obtaining kinetic data, showing that the soil barely participated in the arsenic dynamics on the shore of the lakes, and that this participation depends on the evapoconcentration process occurring in the region. Therefore, soil acts like a nonreactive matrix depending on the natural concentration process. In addition, our results reinforced the different geochemical characteristics of the studied saline-alkaline lakes and highlights the importance of robust passive sampling techniques in the context of metal/metalloid speciation in environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Felix de Souza
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Pellegrini Elias
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Environmental Studies Center, Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Eismann
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Environmental Studies Center, Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Laurent Barbiero
- Université P. Sabatier, IRD, CNRS, OMP, Géoscience Environnement Toulouse (GET), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, F31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Amauri Antonio Menegario
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Environmental Studies Center, Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Anne Hélène Fostier
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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