1
|
Guo Y, Jiang Y, Wu M, Tu A, Yin J, Yang J. TaWRKY50-TaSARK7 module-mediated cysteine-rich protein phosphorylation suppresses the programmed cell death response to Chinese wheat mosaic virus infection. Virology 2024; 595:110071. [PMID: 38593594 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are widely involved in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there is currently a limited understanding of the regulation of viral infection by WRKY transcription factors in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The WRKY transcription factor TaWRKY50 in group IIb wheat exhibited a significant response to Chinese wheat mosaic virus infection. TaWRKY50 is localized in the nucleus and is an activating transcription factor. Interestingly, we found that silencing TaWRKY50 induces cell death following inoculation with CWMV. The protein kinase TaSAPK7 is specific to plants, whereas NbSRK is a closely related kinase with high homology to TaSAPK7. The transcriptional activities of both TaSAPK7 and NbSRK can be enhanced by TaWRKY50 binding to their promoters. CRP is an RNA silencing suppressor. Furthermore, TaWRKY50 may regulate CWMV infection by regulating the expression of TaSAPK7 and NbSRK to increase CRP phosphorylation and reduce the amount of programmed cell death (PCD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yaoyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Mila Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Aizhu Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jingliang Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang J, Chen L, Zhang J, Liu P, Chen M, Chen Z, Zhong K, Liu J, Chen J, Yang J. TaTHI2 interacts with Ca 2+-dependent protein kinase TaCPK5 to suppress virus infection by regulating ROS accumulation. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1335-1351. [PMID: 38100262 PMCID: PMC11022809 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis involves key enzymes known as thiazole moieties (THI1/THI2), which have been shown to participate in plant responses to abiotic stress. However, the role of THI1/THI2 in plant immunity remains unclear. In this study, we cloned TaTHI2 from wheat and investigated its function in Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. Overexpression of TaTHI2 (TaTHI2-OE) inhibited CWMV infection, while TaTHI2 silencing enhanced viral infection in wheat. Interestingly, the membrane-localized TaTHI2 protein was increased during CWMV infection. TaTHI2 also interacted with the Ca2+-dependent protein kinase 5 (TaCPK5), which is localized in the plasma membrane, and promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by repressing TaCPK5-mediated activity of the catalase protein TaCAT1. CWMV CP disrupted the interaction between TaTHI2 and TaCAT1, reducing ROS accumulation and facilitating viral infection. Additionally, transgenic plants overexpressing TaTHI2 showed increased seed number per ear and 1000-kernel weight compared to control plants. Our findings reveal a novel function of TaTHI2 in plant immunity and suggest its potential as a valuable gene for balancing disease resistance and wheat yield. Furthermore, the disruption of the TaTHI2-mediated plant immune pathway by CWMV CP provides further evidence for the evolutionary arms race between plants and viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
- Institute of Crop Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhihui Chen
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐products, Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhong K, Jiang Y, Hu H, Yuan B, Wu M, Tu A, Xu G, Cai L, Liu T, Gao S, Li L, Liao Q, Guo L, Xia Y, Liu P, Cheng Y, Lin L, Zhang C, Chen J, Yang J. TaSRT2 recognizes a viral protein to activate host immunity by increasing histone acetylation. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00313-X. [PMID: 38735788 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yaoyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Haichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Bowen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mila Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Aizhu Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gecheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Linna Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Linzhi Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Qiansheng Liao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lidan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ye Xia
- Plant Pathology Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ye Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chuanxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang X, Yang J, Hu H, Yuan T, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Li W, Liu J. Genome-Wide Analysis and Identification of UDP Glycosyltransferases Responsive to Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2024; 16:489. [PMID: 38675832 PMCID: PMC11054786 DOI: 10.3390/v16040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, a dynamic modification prevalent in viruses and higher eukaryotes, is principally regulated by uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in plants. Although UGTs are involved in plant defense responses, their responses to most pathogens, especially plant viruses, remain unclear. Here, we aimed to identify UGTs in the whole genome of Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) and to analyze their function in Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. A total of 147 NbUGTs were identified in N. benthamiana. To conduct a phylogenetic analysis, the UGT protein sequences of N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana were aligned. The gene structure and conserved motifs of the UGTs were also analyzed. Additionally, the physicochemical properties and predictable subcellular localization were examined in detail. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the putative promoter revealed that NbUGTs were involved in temperature, defense, and hormone responses. The expression levels of 20 NbUGTs containing defense-related cis-acting elements were assessed in CWMV-infected N. benthamiana, revealing a significant upregulation of 8 NbUGTs. Subcellular localization analysis of three NbUGTs (NbUGT12, NbUGT16 and NbUGT17) revealed their predominant localization in the cytoplasm of N. benthamiana leaves, and NbUGT12 was also distributed in the chloroplasts. CWMV infection did not alter the subcellular localization of NbUGT12, NbUGT16, and NbUGT17. Transient overexpression of NbUGT12, NbUGT16, and NbUGT17 enhanced CWMV infection, whereas the knockdown of NbUGT12, NbUGT16 and NbUGT17 inhibited CWMV infection in N. benthamiana. These NbUGTs could serve as potential susceptibility genes to facilitate CWMV infection. Overall, the findings throw light on the evolution and function of NbUGTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haichao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tangyu Yuan
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 26 Gangcheng West Street, Fushan District, Yantai City 265500, China;
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tu A, Wu M, Jiang Y, Guo L, Guo Y, Wang J, Xu G, Shi J, Chen J, Yang J, Zhong K. Regulation of Disease-Resistance Genes against CWMV Infection by NbHAG1-Mediated H3K36ac. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2800. [PMID: 38474046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins plays a critical role in plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we demonstrate in Nicotiana benthamiana that knockout of NbHAG1 promotes Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection, whereas NbHAG1 overexpression inhibits infection. Transcriptome sequencing indicated that a series of disease resistance-related genes were up-regulated after overexpression of NbHAG1. In addition, cleavage under targets and tagmentation (Cut&Tag)-qPCR results demonstrated that NbHAG1 may activate the transcription of its downstream disease-resistance genes by facilitating the acetylation level of H3K36ac. Therefore, we suggest that NbHAG1 is an important positive regulator of resistance to CWMV infestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aizhu Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mila Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yaoyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lidan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yunfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jinnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gecheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu M, Tu A, Feng H, Guo Y, Xu G, Shi J, Chen J, Yang J, Zhong K. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the ABCF Gene Family in Triticum aestivum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16478. [PMID: 38003668 PMCID: PMC10671407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of proteins is a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins. The ABCF subfamily is involved in ribosomal synthesis, antibiotic resistance, and transcriptional regulation. However, few studies have investigated the role of ABCF in wheat (Triticum aestivum) immunity. Here, we identified 18 TaABCFs and classified them into four categories based on their domain characteristics. Functional similarity between Arabidopsis and wheat ABCF genes was predicted using phylogenetic analysis. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of gene structure, protein motifs, chromosomal location, and cis-acting elements was also performed. Tissue-specific analysis and expression profiling under temperature, hormonal, and viral stresses were performed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction after randomly selecting one gene from each group. The results revealed that all TaABCF genes had the highest expression at 25 °C and responded to methyl jasmonate induction. Notably, TaABCF2 was highly expressed in all tissues except the roots, and silencing it significantly increased the accumulation of Chinese wheat mosaic virus or wheat yellow mosaic virus in wheat leaves. These results indicated that TaABCF may function in response to viral infection, laying the foundation for further studies on the mechanisms of this protein family in plant defence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu S, Lei J, Zhang J, Liu H, Ye Z, Yang J, Lu Q, Liu P, Chen J, Yang J. Genome-wide identification and analysis of wheat LRR-RLK family genes following Chinese wheat mosaic virus infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1109845. [PMID: 36733595 PMCID: PMC9887201 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1109845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the largest plant receptor-like protein kinase (RLK) superfamily, the 21 leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) family are involved in plant 22 growth, development, and stress responses. However, the functions of LRR-RLKs in 23 wheat immunity remain unknown. RESULTS In the current study, 929 LRR-RLKs were identified in Triticum aestivum 25 genome database using the BLAST and hidden Markov models (HMM) approach and 26 divided into 14 clades. Chromosomal localization and synteny analysis revealed that 27 TaLRR-RLKs were randomly distributed on all chromosomes with 921 collinear 28 events. Through the cis-acting elements analysis, we observed that TaLRR-RLKs 29 participated in hormone response, light response, development, metabolism, and 30 response to environmental stress. The transcript level of 14 random selected 31 TaLRR-RLKs from each subfamily was regulated by plant hormone treatment and 32 Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. The function of TaLRR-RLKs in 33 wheat resistance to CWMV infection was further investigated by virus-induced gene 34 silencing assay. Additionally, the accumulation of MeJA response genes, as well as 35 CWMV RNA were not changed in the TaLRR-RLK silencing plants under MeJA 36 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that TaLRR-RLKs play an important role in 38 wheat resistance to viral infection via hormone signals and lay the groundwork for the 39 functional study of TaLRR-RLKs in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiajia Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanhong Liu
- Junan County Bureau of Agriculture and Country, Linyi, China
| | - Zhuangxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiseng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rapid, Sensitive and Simultaneous Detection of Two Wheat RNA Viruses Using Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RT-RPA). LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121952. [PMID: 36556317 PMCID: PMC9788578 DOI: 10.3390/life12121952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In China, wheat yellow mosaic disease is mostly caused by wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) and Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV). If wheat is co-infected with these two viruses, it can cause severe yellow mosaic symptoms and yield losses. Early detection of viruses is crucial for preventing disease in the field. In this study, we optimized a sensitive, specific reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) detection method for two viruses, WYMV and CWMV. Two sets of primers were designed based on the capsid protein (CP)-encoding genes of the two viruses, and the reaction conditions were determined. The RT-RPA method, which amplified the target amplicon by a handheld reaction mixture for 20 min, was more sensitive than PCR-CP in the detection of WYMV. Finally, the RT-RPA method was performed on 110 randomly selected field samples, demonstrating its applicability to samples from different regions and specificity for co-infected samples. This study not only describes an improved method for detecting WYMV and CWMV using RT-RPA but also demonstrates the potential of this method, which could be applied under field conditions.
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu H, Cai L, Zhang T, Liu T, Jiang Y, Liu H, Lu Q, Yang J, Chen J. Central Role of Ubiquitination in Wheat Response to CWMV Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081789. [PMID: 36016412 PMCID: PMC9412516 DOI: 10.3390/v14081789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a major post-translational modification (PTM) involved in almost all eukaryotic biological processes and plays an essential role in plant response to pathogen infection. However, to date, large-scale profiling of the changes in the ubiquitome in response to pathogens, especially viruses, in wheat has not been reported. This study aimed to identify the ubiquitinated proteins involved in Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection in wheat using a combination of affinity enrichment and high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. The potential biological functions of these ubiquitinated proteins were further analyzed using bioinformatics. A total of 2297 lysine ubiquitination sites in 1255 proteins were identified in wheat infected with CWMV, of which 350 lysine ubiquitination sites in 192 proteins were differentially expressed. These ubiquitinated proteins were related to metabolic processes, responses to stress and hormones, plant–pathogen interactions, and ribosome pathways, as assessed via Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. Furthermore, we found that the ubiquitination of Ta14-3-3 and TaHSP90, which are essential components of the innate immune system, was significantly enhanced during CWMV infection, which suggested that ubiquitination modification plays a vital role in the regulatory network of the host response to CWMV infection. In summary, our study puts forward a novel strategy for further probing the molecular mechanisms of CWMV infection. Our findings will inform future research to find better, innovative, and effective solutions to deal with CWMV infection in wheat, which is the most crucial and widely used cereal grain crop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Linna Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yaoyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hanhong Liu
- Junan County Bureau of Agriculture and Country, Linyi 276600, China
| | - Qisen Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Niu E, Ye C, Zhao W, Kondo H, Wu Y, Chen J, Andika IB, Sun L. Coat protein of Chinese wheat mosaic virus upregulates and interacts with cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, a negative regulator of plant autophagy, to promote virus infection. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1631-1645. [PMID: 35713231 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation mechanism involved in antiviral defense, but the strategies employed by plant viruses to counteract autophagy-related defense remain unknown for the majority of the viruses. Herein, we describe how the Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV, genus Furovirus) interferes with autophagy and enhances its infection in Nicotiana benthamiana. Yeast two-hybrid screening and in vivo/in vitro assays revealed that the 19 kDa coat protein (CP19K) of CWMV interacts with cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPCs), negative regulators of autophagy, which bind autophagy-related protein 3 (ATG3), a key factor in autophagy. CP19K also directly interacts with ATG3, possibly leading to the formation of a CP19K-GAPC-ATG3 complex. CP19K-GAPC interaction appeared to intensify CP19K-ATG3 binding. Moreover, CP19K expression upregulated GAPC gene transcripts and reduced autophagic activities. Accordingly, the silencing of GAPC genes in transgenic N. benthamiana reduced CWMV accumulation, whereas CP19K overexpression enhanced it. Overall, our results suggest that CWMV CP19K interferes with autophagy through the promotion and utilization of the GAPC role as a negative regulator of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erbo Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Chaozheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Wanying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Hideki Kondo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Yunfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ida Bagus Andika
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Liying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 712100, China
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li J, Feng H, Liu S, Liu P, Chen X, Yang J, He L, Yang J, Chen J. Phosphorylated viral protein evades plant immunity through interfering the function of RNA-binding protein. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010412. [PMID: 35294497 PMCID: PMC8959173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful pathogen infection in plant depends on a proper interaction between the invading pathogen and its host. Post-translational modification (PTM) plays critical role(s) in plant-pathogen interaction. However, how PTM of viral protein regulates plant immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we found that S162 and S165 of Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) cysteine-rich protein (CRP) are phosphorylated by SAPK7 and play key roles in CWMV infection. Furthermore, the phosphorylation-mimic mutant of CRP (CRPS162/165D) but not the non-phosphorylatable mutant of CRP (CRPS162/165A) interacts with RNA-binding protein UBP1-associated protein 2C (TaUBA2C). Silencing of TaUBA2C expression in wheat plants enhanced CWMV infection. In contrast, overexpression of TaUBA2C in wheat plants inhibited CWMV infection. TaUBA2C inhibits CWMV infection through recruiting the pre-mRNA of TaNPR1, TaPR1 and TaRBOHD to induce cell death and H2O2 production. This effect can be supressed by CRPS162/165D through changing TaUBA2C chromatin-bound status and attenuating it’s the RNA- or DNA-binding activities. Taken together, our findings provide new knowledge on how CRP phosphorylation affects CWMV infection as well as the arms race between virus and wheat plants. Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) causes a damaging disease in cereal plants. However, CWMV interacts with host factors to facilitate virus infection is not clear yet. Here, we found that S162 and S165 of CWMV cysteine-rich protein (CRP) are phosphorylated by SAPK7 in vivo and in vitro. Mutational analyses have indicated that these two phosphorylation sites of CRP (CRPS162/165D) promoting CWMV infection in plants, due to the supressed cell death and H2O2 production. Further investigations found the CRPS162/165D can interact with TaUBA2C, while the non-phosphorylatable mutant of CRP (CRPS162/165A) does not. Futhermore, we have determined that CRPS162/165D and TaUBA2C interaction inhibited the formation of TaUBA2C speckles in nucleus to attenuate its RNA- and DNA-binding activity. We also showed that TaUBA2C recruit the pre-mRNA of TaNPR1, TaPR1 and TaRBOHD to up-regulated these genes expressions and then induce cell death and H2O2 production in plant. This effect can be supressed by the expression of CRPS162/165D, in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, our discovery may provide a new sight for the arms race between virus and its host plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huimin Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- * E-mail: (JY); (JC)
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- * E-mail: (JY); (JC)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen X, He L, Xu M, Yang J, Li J, Zhang T, Liao Q, Zhang H, Yang J, Chen J. Binding between elongation factor 1A and the 3'-UTR of Chinese wheat mosaic virus is crucial for virus infection. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1383-1398. [PMID: 34405507 PMCID: PMC8518580 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) genome consists of two positive-strand RNAs that are required for CWMV replication and translation. The eukaryotic translation elongation factor (eEF1A) is crucial for the elongation of protein translation in eukaryotes. Here, we show that silencing eEF1A expression in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by performing virus-induced gene silencing can greatly reduce the accumulation of CWMV genomic RNAs, whereas overexpression of eEF1A in plants increases the accumulation of CWMV genomic RNAs. In vivo and in vitro assays showed that eEF1A does not interact with CWMV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that eEF1A can specifically bind to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of CWMV genomic RNAs. By performing mutational analyses, we determined that the conserved region in the 3'-UTR of CWMV genomic RNAs is necessary for CWMV replication and translation, and that the sixth stem-loop (SL-6) in the 3'-UTR of CWMV genomic RNAs plays a key role in CWMV infection. We conclude that eEF1A is an essential host factor for CWMV infection. This finding should help us to develop new strategies for managing CWMV infections in host plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Miaoze Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jin Yang
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Qiansheng Liao
- College of Life ScienceZhejiang SCI‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hengmu Zhang
- Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant Virology of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Cystatin Gene Family in Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910264. [PMID: 34638605 PMCID: PMC8508539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystatins, as reversible inhibitors of papain-like and legumain proteases, have been identified in several plant species. Although the cystatin family plays crucial roles in plant development and defense responses to various stresses, this family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is still poorly understood. In this study, 55 wheat cystatins (TaCystatins) were identified. All TaCystatins were divided into three groups and both the conserved gene structures and peptide motifs were relatively conserved within each group. Homoeolog analysis suggested that both homoeolog retention percentage and gene duplications contributed to the abundance of the TaCystatin family. Analysis of duplication events confirmed that segmental duplications played an important role in the duplication patterns. The results of codon usage pattern analysis showed that TaCystatins had evident codon usage bias, which was mainly affected by mutation pressure. TaCystatins may be regulated by cis-acting elements, especially abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate responsive elements. In addition, the expression of all selected TaCystatins was significantly changed following viral infection and cold stress, suggesting potential roles in response to biotic and abiotic challenges. Overall, our work provides new insights into TaCystatins during wheat evolution and will help further research to decipher the roles of TaCystatins under diverse stress conditions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu M, Jin P, Liu T, Gao S, Zhang T, Zhang F, Han X, He L, Chen J, Yang J. Genome-wide identification and characterization of UBP gene family in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11594. [PMID: 34178465 PMCID: PMC8212830 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is essential for plant growth and development. Deubiquitination cooperates with ubiquitination to regulate the ubiquitination levels of target proteins. The ubiquitin-specific protease (UBP) family is the largest group of deubiquitinases (DUBs), which perform extensive and significant roles in eukaryotic organisms. However, the UBP genes in wheat (TaUBPs) are not identified, and the functions of TaUBPs are unknown. The present study identified 97 UBP genes in the whole genome of T. aestivum. These genes were divided into 15 groups and non-randomly distributed on chromosomes of T. aestivum. Analyses of evolutionary patterns revealed that TaUBPs mainly underwent purification selection. The studies of cis-acting regulatory elements indicated that they might be involved in response to hormones. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that TaUBPs were differentially expressed in different tissues. Besides, several TaUBPs were significantly up-regulated when plants were treated with salicylic acid (SA), implying that these DUBs may play a role in abiotic stress responses in plants and few TaUBPs displayed differential expression after viral infection. Furthermore, TaUBP1A.1 (TraesCS1A02G432600.1) silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) facilitates Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection in wheat, indicating that TaUBP1A.1 may be involved in a defense mechanism against viruses. This study comprehensively analyzed the UBP gene family in wheat and provided a basis for further research of TaUBPs functions in wheat plant response to viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaoze Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaolei Han
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yuan B, Liu T, Cheng Y, Gao S, Li L, Cai L, Yang J, Chen J, Zhong K. Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Lysine Acetylation in Nicotiana benthamiana After Sensing CWMV Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672559. [PMID: 34084157 PMCID: PMC8166574 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein lysine acetylation (Kac) is an important post-translational modification mechanism in eukaryotes that is involved in cellular regulation. To investigate the role of Kac in virus-infected plants, we characterized the lysine acetylome of Nicotiana benthamiana plants with or without a Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. We identified 4,803 acetylated lysine sites on 1,964 proteins. A comparison of the acetylation levels of the CWMV-infected group with those of the uninfected group revealed that 747 sites were upregulated on 422 proteins, including chloroplast localization proteins and histone H3, and 150 sites were downregulated on 102 proteins. Nineteen conserved motifs were extracted and 51 percent of the acetylated proteins located on chloroplast. Nineteen Kac sites were located on histone proteins, including 10 Kac sites on histone 3. Bioinformatics analysis results indicated that lysine acetylation occurs on a large number of proteins involved in biological processes, especially photosynthesis. Furthermore, we found that the acetylation level of chloroplast proteins, histone 3 and some metabolic pathway-related proteins were significantly higher in CWMV-infected plants than in uninfected plants. In summary, our results reveal the regulatory roles of Kac in response to CWMV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, China
| | - Linzhi Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, China
| | - Linna Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng W, Hu H, Lu Q, Jin P, Cai L, Hu C, Yang J, Dai L, Chen J. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Long Noncoding RNAs Involved in Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030232. [PMID: 33802832 PMCID: PMC8002735 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent studies have shown that a large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate various biological processes in animals and plants. However, the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the interaction between plants and viruses is unclear, particularly for the Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) interaction. In this study, we used a deep RNA sequencing strategy to profile lncRNAs involved in the response to CWMV infection in Nicotiana benthamiana and analyzed differentially expressed lncRNAs that responded to CWMV infection, using a bioinformatics method. We identified 1175 new lncRNAs in N. benthamiana infected with CWMV, with 65 lncRNAs showing differential expression. These lncRNAs were mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and other pathways according to GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. In addition, differential expression of XLOC_006393 after CWMV infection may be the precursor of NbmiR168c, which can respond to CWMV infection by modulating the expression of its target gene NbAGO1. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because these results provide a valuable resource for studying lncRNAs involved in CWMV infection and improving the understanding of the molecular mechanism of CWMV infection. Abstract Recent studies have shown that a large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate various biological processes in animals and plants. Although lncRNAs have been identified in many plants, they have not been reported in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Particularly, the role of lncRNAs in plant virus infection remains unknown. In this study, we identified lncRNAs in N. benthamiana response to Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection by RNA sequencing. A total of 1175 lncRNAs, including 65 differentially expressed lncRNAs, were identified during CWMV infection. We then analyzed the functions of some of these differentially expressed lncRNAs. Interestingly, one differentially expressed lncRNA, XLOC_006393, was found to participate in CWMV infection as a precursor to microRNAs in N. benthamiana. These results suggest that lncRNAs play an important role in the regulatory network of N. benthamiana in response to CWMV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
| | - Haichao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Qisen Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Peng Jin
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Linna Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Cailin Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Liangying Dai
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.Z.); (H.H.); (Q.L.); (P.J.); (L.C.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Correspondence: (L.D.); (J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Construction and biological characterization of an infectious full-length cDNA clone of a Chinese isolate of Wheat yellow mosaic virus. Virology 2021; 556:101-109. [PMID: 33561697 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wheat yellow mosaic virus (family Potyviridae; genus Bymovirus), is an important soil-borne virus that causes serious economic losses in wheat. In this study, we constructed infectious cDNA clones of WYMV genomic RNAs under the control of 35S or SP6 promoter for versatile usage (agroinfiltration or in vitro RNA transcription). Our results showed that an Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation system enabled WYMV to infect the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana without causing WYMV systemic infection. However, in vitro transcripts from infectious cDNA clones using the SP6 promoter promoted WYMV systemic infection of wheat plants, which was then developed for further assays. The optimal temperature for virus multiplication and systemic infection of wheat was 8 °C. Additionally, a synergistic effect between WYMV and Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) was also detected. This is the first report of the construction of a Chinese isolate of WYMV and should facilitate the investigation of viral pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
18
|
He L, Jin P, Chen X, Zhang TY, Zhong KL, Liu P, Chen JP, Yang J. Comparative proteomic analysis of Nicotiana benthamiana plants under Chinese wheat mosaic virus infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:51. [PMID: 33468046 PMCID: PMC7816467 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02826-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) is a severe threat to winter wheat and is transmitted by Polymyxa graminis. The mechanisms of interactions between CWMV and plants are poorly understood. In this study, a comparative proteomics analysis based on nanoliquid chromatography mass spectrometry (MS)/MS was conducted to characterize proteomic changes in plants responding to CWMV infection. RESULTS In total, 2751 host proteins were identified, 1496 of which were quantified and 146 up-regulated and 244 down-regulated proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that DEPs were most strongly associated with photosynthesis antenna proteins, MAPK signaling plant and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism pathways. Subcellular localization analysis predicted that more than half of the DEPs were localized in the chloroplast, an organelle indispensable for abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis. Our results suggest that CWMV infection interrupts normal chloroplast functions and decreases ABA concentrations in Nicotiana benthamiana. Further analysis showed that the ABA pathway was suppressed during CWMV infection and that ABA treatment induced plant hosts defenses against CWMV. CONCLUSIONS We identified several candidate proteins expressed during CWMV infection, and the ABA pathway was strongly associated with responses to CWMV infection in N. benthamiana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long He
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tian-Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Kai-Li Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao S, Li L, Han X, Liu T, Jin P, Cai L, Xu M, Zhang T, Zhang F, Chen J, Yang J, Zhong K. Genome-wide identification of the histone acetyltransferase gene family in Triticum aestivum. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:49. [PMID: 33430760 PMCID: PMC7802222 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histone acetylation is a ubiquitous and reversible post-translational modification in eukaryotes and prokaryotes that is co-regulated by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC). HAT activity is important for the modification of chromatin structure in eukaryotic cells, affecting gene transcription and thereby playing a crucial regulatory role in plant development. Comprehensive analyses of HAT genes have been performed in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, barley, grapes, tomato, litchi and Zea mays, but comparable identification and analyses have not been conducted in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Results In this study, 31 TaHATs were identified and divided into six groups with conserved gene structures and motif compositions. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to predict functional similarities between Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum HAT genes. The TaHATs appeared to be regulated by cis-acting elements such as LTR and TC-rich repeats. The qRT–PCR analysis showed that the TaHATs were differentially expressed in multiple tissues. The TaHATs in expression also responded to temperature changes, and were all significantly upregulated after being infected by barley streak mosaic virus (BSMV), Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV). Conclusions These results suggest that TaHATs may have specific roles in the response to viral infection and provide a basis for further study of TaHAT functions in T. aestivum plant immunity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07348-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, 265500, China.,School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Linzhi Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, 265500, China
| | - Xiaolei Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, 265500, China.,School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Linna Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Miaoze Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang J, Zhang T, Li J, Wu N, Wu G, Yang J, Chen X, He L, Chen J. Chinese wheat mosaic virus-derived vsiRNA-20 can regulate virus infection in wheat through inhibition of vacuolar- (H + )-PPase induced cell death. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:205-220. [PMID: 31815302 PMCID: PMC7065157 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar (H+ )-PPases (VPs), are key regulators of active proton (H+ ) transport across membranes using the energy generated from PPi hydrolysis. The VPs also play vital roles in plant responses to various abiotic stresses. Their functions in plant responses to pathogen infections are unknown. Here, we show that TaVP, a VP of wheat (Triticum aestivum) is important for wheat resistance to Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. Furthermore, overexpression of TaVP in plants induces the activity of PPi hydrolysis, leading to plants cell death. A virus-derived small interfering RNA (vsiRNA-20) generated from CWMV RNA1 can regulate the mRNA accumulation of TaVP in wheat. The accumulation of vsiRNA-20 can suppress cell death induced by TaVP in a dosage-dependent manner. Moreover, we show that the accumulation of vsiRNA-20 can affect PPi hydrolysis and the concentration of H+ in CWMV-infected wheat cells to create a more favorable cellular environment for CWMV replication. We propose that vsiRNA-20 regulates TaVP expression to prevent cell death and to maintain a weak alkaline environment in cytoplasm to enhance CWMV infection in wheat. This finding may be used as a novel strategy to minimize virus pathogenicity and to develop new antiviral stratagems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease ControlZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- School of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHangzhou310021China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Ne Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease ControlZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
- School of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHangzhou310021China
| | - Guanwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of AgroproductsKey Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease ControlZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
He L, Chen X, Yang J, Zhang T, Li J, Zhang S, Zhong K, Zhang H, Chen J, Yang J. Rice black-streaked dwarf virus-encoded P5-1 regulates the ubiquitination activity of SCF E3 ligases and inhibits jasmonate signaling to benefit its infection in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:896-912. [PMID: 31318448 PMCID: PMC6972624 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
SCF (Skp1/Cullin1/F-box) complexes are key regulators of many cellular processes. Viruses encode specific factors to interfere with or hijack these complexes and ensure their infection in plants. The molecular mechanisms controlling this interference/hijack are currently largely unknown. Here, we present evidence of a novel strategy used by Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) to regulate ubiquitination in rice (Oryza sativa) by interfering in the activity of OsCSN5A. We also show that RBSDV P5-1 specifically affects CSN-mediated deRUBylation of OsCUL1, compromising the integrity of the SCFCOI1 complex. We demonstrate that the expressions of jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis-associated genes are not inhibited, whereas the expressions of JA-responsive genes are down-regulated in transgenic P5-1 plants. More importantly, application of JA to P5-1 transgenic plants did not reduce their susceptibility to RBSDV infection. Our results suggest that P5-1 inhibits the ubiquitination activity of SCF E3 ligases through an interaction with OsCSN5A, and hinders the RUBylation/deRUBylation of CUL1, leading to an inhibition of the JA response pathway and an enhancement of RBSDV infection in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing21000China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- College of Plant ProtectionHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410000China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- College of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A&F UniversityLinan311300China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Institute of Plant ProtectionHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410000China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| | - Hengmu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jiang Y, Zheng W, Li J, Liu P, Zhong K, Jin P, Xu M, Yang J, Chen J. NbWRKY40 Positively Regulates the Response of Nicotiana benthamiana to Tomato Mosaic Virus via Salicylic Acid Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:603518. [PMID: 33552099 PMCID: PMC7857026 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.603518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plants, including responses to stress; however, our understanding of the function of WRKY genes in plant responses to viral infection remains limited. In this study, we investigate the role of NbWRKY40 in Nicotiana benthamiana resistance to tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). NbWRKY40 is significantly downregulated by ToMV infection, and subcellular localization analysis indicates that NbWRKY40 is targeted to the nucleus. In addition, NbWRKY40 activates W-box-dependent transcription in plants and shows transcriptional activation in yeast cells. Overexpressing NbWRKY40 (OEWRKY40) inhibits ToMV infection, whereas NbWRKY40 silencing confers susceptibility. The level of salicylic acid (SA) is significantly higher in OEWRKY40 plants compared with that of wild-type plants. In addition, transcript levels of the SA-biosynthesis gene (ICS1) and SA-signaling genes (PR1b and PR2) are dramatically higher in OEWRKY40 plants than in the control but lower in NbWRKY40-silenced plants than in the control. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that NbWRKY40 can bind the W-box element of ICS1. Callose staining reveals that the plasmodesmata is decreased in OEWRKY40 plants but increased in NbWRKY40-silenced plants. Exogenous application of SA also reduces viral accumulation in NbWRKY40-silenced plants infected with ToMV. RT-qPCR indicates that NbWRKY40 does not affect the replication of ToMV in protoplasts. Collectively, our findings suggest that NbWRKY40 likely regulates anti-ToMV resistance by regulating the expression of SA, resulting in the deposition of callose at the neck of plasmodesmata, which inhibits viral movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiran Zheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Jin
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Miaoze Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kant R, Dasgupta I. Gene silencing approaches through virus-based vectors: speeding up functional genomics in monocots. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:3-18. [PMID: 30850930 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The design and use of existing VIGS vectors for revealing monocot gene functions are described and potential new vectors are discussed, which may expand their repertoire. Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a method of transient gene silencing in plants, triggered by the use of modified viral vectors. VIGS has found widespread use in deciphering the functions of plant genes, mainly for dicots. In the last decade, however, its use in monocots has increased noticeably, involving not only previously described viruses for monocots, but also those described for dicots. Additional viruses have been modified for VIGS to bring a larger collection of monocots under the ambit of this method. For monocots, new methods of inoculation have been tried to obtain increased silencing efficiency. The issue of insert stability and duration of silencing have also been addressed by various research groups. VIGS has been used to unravel the functions of a fairly large collection of monocot genes. This review summarizes the above developments, bringing out some of the gaps in our understanding and identifies directions to develop this technology further in the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Indranil Dasgupta
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang J, Zhang TY, Liao QS, He L, Li J, Zhang HM, Chen X, Li J, Yang J, Li JB, Chen JP. Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Monocots and Dicots at Low Temperature. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1627. [PMID: 30487803 PMCID: PMC6247046 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an important tool for functional genomics studies in plants. With this method, it is possible to target most endogenous genes and downregulate the messenger RNA (mRNA) in a sequence-specific manner. Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) has a bipartite, single-strand positive RNA genome, and can infect both wheat and Nicotiana benthamiana, and the optimal temperature for systemic infection in plants is 17°C. To assess the potential of the virus as a vector for gene silencing at low temperature, a fragment of the N. benthamiana or wheat phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene was expressed from a modified CWMV RNA2 clone and the resulting photo bleaching in infected plants was used as a reporter for silencing. Downregulation of PDS mRNA was also measured by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In experiments using fragments of PDS ranging from 500 to 1500 nucleotides, insert length influenced the stability and the efficiency of VIGS. The CWMV induced silencing system was also used to suppress miR165/166 and miR3134a through expression of miRNA target mimics. The relative expression levels of mature miR165/166 and miR3134a decreased whereas the transcript levels of their target genes increased. Interestingly, we also found the CWMV-induced silencing system was more efficient compare with the vector based on Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) or Foxtail mosaic virus (FoMV) in wheat or the vector based on TRV in N. benthamiana at 17°C. In summary, the CWMV vector is effective in silencing endogenous genes and miRNAs at 17°C, thereby providing a powerful tool for gene function analysis in both N. benthamiana and wheat at low temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tian-Ye Zhang
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qian-Sheng Liao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang SCI-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long He
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Juang Li
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Heng-Mu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Heng-Mu Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen,
| | - Xuan Chen
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Bang Li
- Nanyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanyang, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Heng-Mu Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adams MJ, Adkins S, Bragard C, Gilmer D, Li D, MacFarlane SA, Wong SM, Melcher U, Ratti C, Ryu KH, Ictv Report Consortium. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Virgaviridae. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1999-2000. [PMID: 28786782 PMCID: PMC5656781 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Virgaviridae is a family of plant viruses with
rod-shaped virions, a ssRNA genome with a 3′-terminal tRNA-like structure
and a replication protein typical of alpha-like viruses. Differences in the
number of genome components, genome organization and the mode of transmission
provide the basis for genus demarcation. Tobacco mosaic virus (genus
Tobamovirus) was the first virus to be discovered (in
1886); it is present in high concentrations in infected plants, is extremely
stable and has been extensively studied. This is a summary of the International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the
Virgaviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/virgaviridae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claude Bragard
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - David Gilmer
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, 67084 Strasbourg cedex, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | | | - Sek-Man Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ulrich Melcher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Claudio Ratti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agroambientali, Università di Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Ki Hyun Ryu
- Department of Horticultural Science, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yang J, Zhang F, Cai NJ, Wu N, Chen X, Li J, Meng XF, Zhu TQ, Chen JP, Zhang HM. A furoviral replicase recruits host HSP70 to membranes for viral RNA replication. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45590. [PMID: 28367995 PMCID: PMC5377427 DOI: 10.1038/srep45590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many host factors have been identified to be involved in viral infection. However, although furoviruses cause important diseases of cereals worldwide, no host factors have yet been identified that interact with furoviral genes or participate in the viral infection cycle. In this study, both TaHSP70 and NbHSP70 were up-regulated in Chinese wheat mosaic furovirus (CWMV)-infected plants. Their overexpression and inhibition were correlated with the accumulation of viral genomic RNAs, suggesting that the HSP70 genes could be necessary for CWMV infection. The subcellular distributions of TaHSP70 and NbHSP70 were significantly affected by CWMV infection or by infiltration of RNA1 alone. Further assays showed that the viral replicase encoded by CWMV RNA1 interacts with both TaHSP70 and NbHSP70 in vivo and vitro and that its region aa167-333 was responsible for the interaction. Subcellular assays showed that the viral replicase could recruit both TaHSP70 and NbHSP70 from the cytoplasm or nucleus to the granular aggregations or inclusion-like structures on the intracellular membrane system, suggesting that both HSP70s may be recruited into the viral replication complex (VRC) to promote furoviral replication. This is the first host factor identified to be involved in furoviral infection, which extends the list and functional scope of HSP70 chaperones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Nian-Jun Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ne Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Linan 311300, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Linan 311300, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Meng
- Zhumadian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Tong-Quan Zhu
- Zhumadian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Heng-Mu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustain Pest and Disease Control; MOA and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| |
Collapse
|