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Hao B, Li J, Sun C, Huang J. Label-free proteomics analysis on the envelope of budded viruses of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus harboring differential localized GP64. Virus Genes 2023; 59:260-275. [PMID: 36512182 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) GP64 is the key membrane fusion protein that mediates budded virus (BV) infection. We recently reported that BmNPV GP64's n-region of signal peptide (SP) blocked the SP-cleavage and mediated GP64 localization on the plasma membrane (PM); n-region (SP∆nGP64) absence caused GP64 intracellular localization, however, SP∆nGP64 was still incorporated into virion to generate BVs with lower infectivity. To better understand the biogenesis of the envelope of BmNPV BV, we conducted a label-free ESI mass spectrometry analysis of the envelope of purified BVs harboring PM localized GP64 or intracellular localized SP∆nGP64. The results indicated that 31 viral proteins were identified on the envelope, among which 15 were reported in other viruses. The other 16 proteins were first reported in BmNPV BV, including the BmNPV-specific protein BRO-A and proteins associated with vesicle transportation. Six proteins with significant intensity differences were detected in virions with differential localized GP64, and five specific proteins were identified in virions with GP64. Meanwhile, we identified 81 host proteins on the envelope, and seven lipoproteins were first identified in baculovirus virion; other 74 proteins are involved in the cytoskeleton, DNA-binding, vesicle transport, etc. In the meantime, eight and five specific host proteins were, respectively, identified in GP64 and SP∆nGP64's virions. The two virions shared 68 common host proteins, and 8 proteins were identified on their envelopes with a significant difference. This study provides new insight into the protein composition of BmNPV BV and a clue for further investigation of the budding mechanism of BmNPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifang Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Sericulture in the Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Sericulture in the Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Liang Y, Xu W, Zhou Y, Gao Y, Tian H, Wu X, Xu Y, Wang H. Midgut membrane protein BmSUH facilitates Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus oral infection. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010938. [PMID: 36383572 PMCID: PMC9668127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are virulent pathogens that infect a wide range of insects. They initiate infections via specific interactions between the structural proteins on the envelopes of occlusion-derived virions (ODVs) and the midgut cell surface receptors in hosts. However, host factors that are hijacked by baculoviruses for efficient infection remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a membrane-associated protein sucrose hydrolase (BmSUH) as an ODV binding factor during Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) primary infection. BmSUH was specifically expressed in the midgut microvilli where the ODV-midgut fusion happened. Knockout of BmSUH by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in a significantly higher survival rate after BmNPV orally infection. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis and co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that PIF protein complex required for ODV binding could interact with BmSUH. Furthermore, fluorescence dequenching assay showed that the amount of ODV binding and fusion to the midgut decreased in BmSUH mutants compared to wild-type silkworm, suggesting the role of BmSUH as an ODV binding factor that mediates the ODV entry process. Based on a multilevel survey, the data showed that BmSUH acted as a host factor that facilitates BmNPV oral infection. More generally, this study indicated that disrupting essential protein-protein interactions required for baculovirus efficient entry may be broadly applicable to against viral infection. Baculoviridae is a large family of pathogens that infect insects and frequently cause fatal diseases. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a major threat to the sericulture industry. Although we have learned a lot about baculoviruses over the past several decades, the detailed interaction patterns between host proteins and viral proteins that lead to infection remain underexplored. Here, we determined that BmSUH, a midgut microvilli protein, was required for the efficient oral infection of BmNPV. Our research suggests that BmSUH mediates the entry of occlusion-derived virions into the midgut epithelia by interacting with per os infectivity factors. According to the findings, inhibition of viral binding to host cells is an attractive strategy to prevent infection. This study provides an approach for preventing BmNPV infection through developing genetic resistance to viruses by using CRISPR/Cas9 system to abolish the host factors that are essential for viral entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Liang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifan Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yusong Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huabing Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Nuclear Factor Kappa B Promotes Ferritin Heavy Chain Expression in Bombyx mori in Response to B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810380. [PMID: 36142290 PMCID: PMC9499628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin heavy chain (FerHCH) is a major component of ferritin and plays an important role in maintaining iron homeostasis and redox equilibrium. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the Bombyx mori ferritin heavy chain homolog (BmFerHCH) could respond to B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection. However, the mechanism by which BmNPV regulates the expression of BmFerHCH remains unclear. In this study, BmFerHCH increased after BmNPV infection and BmNPV infection enhanced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity in BmN cells. An NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC) reduced the expression of the virus-induced BmFerHCH in BmN cells, and overexpression of BmRelish (NF-κB) increased the expression of virus-induced BmFerHCH in BmN cells. Furthermore, BmNPV infection enhanced BmFerHCH promoter activity. The potential NF-κB cis-regulatory elements (CREs) in the BmFerHCH promoter were screened by using the JASPAR CORE database, and two effective NF-κB CREs were identified using a dual luciferase reporting system and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). BmRelish (NF-κB) bound to NF-κB CREs and promoted the transcription of BmFerHCH. Taken together, BmNPV promotes activation of BmRelish (NF-κB), and activated BmRelish (NF-κB) binds to NF-κB CREs of BmFerHCH promoter to enhance BmFerHCH expression. Our study provides a foundation for future research on the function of BmFerHCH in BmNPV infection.
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Zhang S, Shen M, Yin H, Huang H, Li T, Zhao W, Guo X, Wu P. Expression profile analysis of circular RNAs in BmN cells (Bombyx mori) upon BmNPV infection. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 105:e21735. [PMID: 32881053 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The disease caused by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) has always been difficult to control, resulting in tremendous economic losses in the sericulture industry. Although much has been learned about the impact of noncoding RNAs on pathogenesis, the role of circular RNA (circRNA) in insect immunity remains unclear. To explore circRNA regulation involved in BmNPV infection, we used transcriptome analysis of BmN cells with or without BmNPV infection to generate circRNA data set. A total of 444 novel circRNAs were identified in BmN cells, with 198 pervasively distributed both in the control group and BmNPV-infection group. The host genes were enriched inMAPK signaling pathway, dorso-ventral axis formation, and ECM-receptor interaction, which were required for the normal larval growth. A total of 75 circRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) on BmNPV infection. Six downregulated circRNAs were validated by Sanger sequencing and qRT-PCR. DEcircRNA-miRNA-DEmRNA network was constructed based on the six validated circRNAs. Pathway analysis indicated that the predicted target genes were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathway and immune-related signaling pathway. Our results may provide a basis for further studies on circRNA function in BmN cells challenged by BmNPV infection and offer an insight into the molecular mechanism on silkworm-virus interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manman Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haotong Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoling Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xijie Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Kong X, Xu W, Chen N, Li Y, Shen Y, Wu X. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus F-like protein Bm14 is a factor for viral-induced cytopathic effects via regulating oxidative phosphorylation and cellular ROS levels. Virology 2020; 552:83-93. [PMID: 33120224 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is highly pathogenic to Bombyx mori, silkworm, which causes serious cytopathic effects (CPEs) during infection. However, the role of viral protein in the virus-induced CPEs remains unclear. Here, we discovered that BmNPV infection induced severe CPEs including titer-dependent cell floating and changes in cellular surface morphology. Further explorations revealed the involvement of F-like protein (Bm14), a viral envelope protein, in inducing cytotoxicity and detachment of adherent BmN cells, and its disruption significantly impaired the virus infection-mediated CPEs. Intriguingly, transcriptomic analysis identified the tight association of Bm14 deletion with the activation of cellular oxidative phosphorylation pathway, consistent with the elevated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels and ATP concentrations as well as reduced ROS levels. Collectively, our results characterized for the first time the novel role of Bm14 in accelerating viral-induced cytopathogenicity via suppressing the cellular oxidative phosphorylation levels and upregulating the ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangshuo Kong
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifan Xu
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunwang Shen
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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