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Liu P, Yang X, Zhao H, Liang L, Chen M, Yin A. High burden of human papillomavirus infection among men in Guangzhou, South China: Implications for HPV vaccination strategies. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2337161. [PMID: 38566539 PMCID: PMC10993917 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2337161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological and clinical aspects of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women have been extensively studied. However, there is a lack of information regarding HPV characteristics in males. In this study, we conducted a retrospective and observational study of 3737 consecutive male individuals attending outpatient clinics of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from 2012 to 2023 in Guangzhou, South China, to determine the age- and genotype-specific prevalence of HPV in men. The results showed the overall prevalence of HPV among men was 42.15% (1575/3737), with variations ranging from 29.55% to 81.31% across distinct diagnostic populations. Low-risk HPV6 (15.47%), HPV11 (8.94%), and high-risk HPV52 (5.51%) were the most common types. The annual HPV prevalence decreased significantly (Z = -3.882, p < .001), ranging from 31.44% to 52.90%. 28.77% (1075/3737) of men manifested infection with a singular HPV type, predominantly identified as a low-risk type. The age-specific distribution of HPV infections revealed distinctive peaks in the < 25 y age group (47.60%, 208/437) and the 40-44 y age group (44.51%, 154/346). Notably, the positive rate of Chlamydia trachomatis was significantly higher among HPV-positive individuals in comparison to HPV-negatives (16.14% vs. 11.25%, p < .05). Our findings reveal a substantial prevalence of HPV infection among outpatient men in Guangzhou, South China. It is recommended to consider the inclusion of HPV vaccination for adolescent males in national immunization schedules, once an adequate supply of vaccines is accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Liang
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minchai Chen
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Yin
- Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Ghasemian E, Harding-Esch E, Mabey D, Holland MJ. When Bacteria and Viruses Collide: A Tale of Chlamydia trachomatis and Sexually Transmitted Viruses. Viruses 2023; 15:1954. [PMID: 37766360 PMCID: PMC10536055 DOI: 10.3390/v15091954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains high, with the World Health Organization (WHO) estimating that over 1 million people acquire STIs daily. STIs can lead to infertility, pregnancy complications, and cancers. Co-infections with multiple pathogens are prevalent among individuals with an STI and can lead to heightened infectivity and more severe clinical manifestations. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most reported bacterial STI worldwide in both men and women, and several studies have demonstrated co-infection of CT with viral and other bacterial STIs. CT is a gram-negative bacterium with a unique biphasic developmental cycle including infectious extracellular elementary bodies (EBs) and metabolically active intracellular reticulate bodies (RBs). The intracellular form of this organism, RBs, has evolved mechanisms to persist for long periods within host epithelial cells in a viable but non-cultivable state. The co-infections of CT with the most frequently reported sexually transmitted viruses: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been investigated through in vitro and in vivo studies. These research studies have made significant strides in unraveling the intricate interactions between CT, these viral STIs, and their eukaryotic host. In this review, we present an overview of the epidemiology of these co-infections, while specifically delineating the underlying mechanisms by which CT influences the transmission and infection dynamics of HIV and HSV. Furthermore, we explore the intricate relationship between CT and HPV infection, with a particular emphasis on the heightened risk of cervical cancer. By consolidating the current body of knowledge, we provide valuable insights into the complex dynamics and implications of co-infection involving CT and sexually transmitted viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Ghasemian
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK; (E.H.-E.); (D.M.); (M.J.H.)
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Peng P, Peng X, Jiao X, Chen N. A unique Levey-Jennings control chart used for internal quality control in human papillomavirus detection. Virol J 2022; 19:125. [PMID: 35902957 PMCID: PMC9331565 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to provide an updated estimate of the prevalences of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in females in Chaoshan District and to establish an internal quality control (IQC) method for excluding false-positive results in HPV detection by using the Levey-Jennings control chart. METHOD HPV types were detected in 23,762 cervical samples by using PCR membrane hybridization. The means and standard deviations (SDs) of the positive rates were calculated, the Levey-Jennings chart was plotted, and the rules for "out of control" and "warning" were established. A set of standardized IQC for HPV DNA tests was developed based on the values and Levey-Jennings charts. RESULT In 466 batches, the positive rate exceeded the 1 + 2SD rule 24 times, but there was no consecutive exceedance, which was considered "in control". When the positive rate exceeded the 1 + 3SD rule 8 times with consecutive exceedance, it was considered "out of control". Further examination revealed that detections showing "out of control" had an undesirable random error, indicating that contamination may occur due to improper operation. CONCLUSION This unique Levey-Jennings control chart is a practical method for eliminating false-positive results in HPV DNA detection and should be widely applicable in molecular diagnostic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Peng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuehong Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Kim MB, Hwangbo S, Jang S, Jo YK. Bioengineered Co-culture of organoids to recapitulate host-microbe interactions. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100345. [PMID: 35847376 PMCID: PMC9283667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent spike in the instances of complex physiological host-microbe interactions has raised the demand for developing in vitro models that recapitulate the microbial microenvironment in the human body. Organoids are steadily emerging as an in vitro culture system that closely mimics the structural, functional, and genetic features of complex human organs, particularly for better understanding host-microbe interactions. Recent advances in organoid culture technology have become new avenues for assessing the pathogenesis of symbiotic interactions, pathogen-induced infectious diseases, and various other diseases. The co-cultures of organoids with microbes have shown great promise in simulating host-microbe interactions with a high level of complexity for further advancement in related fields. In this review, we provide an overview of bioengineering approaches for microbe-co-cultured organoids. Latest developments in the applications of microbe-co-cultured organoids to study human physiology and pathophysiology are also highlighted. Further, an outlook on future research on bioengineered organoid co-cultures for various applications is presented.
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A literature review on correlation between HPV coinfection with C. trachomatis in cervical neoplasia - coinfection mediated cellular transformation. Microb Pathog 2022; 168:105587. [PMID: 35588965 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cause of mortality worldwide. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPV) is a known significant risk factor in cervical neoplasia development (CN). Though HPV contributes to carcinogenesis, other factors fabricate an ideal niche for HPV persistent especially, coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) which has been linked to CN development. CT infection is associated with inflammation, cell proliferation, EMT transition and anti-apoptotic processes. To better understand the correlation between HPV-CT coinfection in CN development, a literature review was conducted on the prevalence of HPV-CT coinfection focusing on the role of infection-induced inflammation as HPV-CT coinfection creates an environment for cellular transformation, activates an innate immune response and triggers EMT transition. Moreover, inflammation plays a crucial role in developing neoplasia as there is a decrease in effector cells and a change in the expression of players like ROS and miRs. The CT infection induces chronic inflammation followed by cervical epithelial cell damage and increases susceptibility to HPV infection which may lead to cellular transformation. The literature search was performed based on a comprehensive investigation of publications in the PubMed journal database and Scopus development of CN. We have reviewed the prevalence of HPV-CT infection and the factors increasing the risk of developing CN.
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Modelling Chlamydia and HPV co-infection in patient-derived ectocervix organoids reveals distinct cellular reprogramming. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1030. [PMID: 35210413 PMCID: PMC8873204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Coinfections with pathogenic microbes continually confront cervical mucosa, yet their implications in pathogenesis remain unclear. Lack of in-vitro models recapitulating cervical epithelium has been a bottleneck to study coinfections. Using patient-derived ectocervical organoids, we systematically modeled individual and coinfection dynamics of Human papillomavirus (HPV)16 E6E7 and Chlamydia, associated with carcinogenesis. The ectocervical stem cells were genetically manipulated to introduce E6E7 oncogenes to mimic HPV16 integration. Organoids from these stem cells develop the characteristics of precancerous lesions while retaining the self-renewal capacity and organize into mature stratified epithelium similar to healthy organoids. HPV16 E6E7 interferes with Chlamydia development and induces persistence. Unique transcriptional and post-translational responses induced by Chlamydia and HPV lead to distinct reprogramming of host cell processes. Strikingly, Chlamydia impedes HPV-induced mechanisms that maintain cellular and genome integrity, including mismatch repair in the stem cells. Together, our study employing organoids demonstrates the hazard of multiple infections and the unique cellular microenvironment they create, potentially contributing to neoplastic progression. Here, Koster et al., model human papillomavirus and Chlamydia coinfection dynamics in patient-derived ectocervical organoids, and characterize the effects of multiple infections in the cellular microenvironment, potentially contributing to neoplasia.
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Zhu Y, Qian F, Zou W, Wu X, Liu C, Shen G, Lai S, Yang S. Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection in Huzhou City, eastern China, 2018-2019. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021; 115:30-37. [PMID: 32838408 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is involved in cervical cancer development, and hence understanding its prevalence and genotype distribution is important. However, there are few reports on the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV in the city of Huzhou in China. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 11,506 women who visited Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital between January 2018 and October 2019 were enrolled. The results of HPV genotyping and cytology tests were analyzed. RESULTS The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 15.5%. The rate of high-risk (HR) HPV infection (13.5%) was higher than that of single low-risk (LR) HPV infection (2.0%) (p<0.05). The five most common HPV genotypes were HPV52 (3.3%), 16 (1.9%), 58 (1.7%), 53 (1.5%), and 81 (1.2%). The infection rate of HPV peaked in women aged 16-24 and women aged ≥55. The infection rate of HPV58 or HPV81 appeared as a single peak in women aged ≥55. The rates of HR-HPV and LR-HPV infection were higher in subjects with abnormal cytology (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HPV infection is high in Huzhou, and HPV53 and HPV81 are the prevalent genotypes. HPV infection rate is associated with age and cytology. Regional HPV surveillance is essential to optimize current HPV prevention and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, 2 East Street, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fuchu Qian
- Department of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China.,Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Weihua Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, 2 East Street, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, 2 East Street, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guosong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Shiping Lai
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, 2 East Street, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Caselli E, D'Accolti M, Santi E, Soffritti I, Conzadori S, Mazzacane S, Greco P, Contini C, Bonaccorsi G. Vaginal Microbiota and Cytokine Microenvironment in HPV Clearance/Persistence in Women Surgically Treated for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: An Observational Prospective Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:540900. [PMID: 33251154 PMCID: PMC7676899 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.540900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPVs) are causally related to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and subsequent cervical cancer (CC). The vaginal microbiome has been suggested to play a role in the development of CC, but the effect of conservative surgical treatment on the microbiome and hrHPV elimination has not been elucidated. In this study, we aimed to characterize the vaginal microbiome and inflammatory chemokine profile in 85 women treated for CIN2-CIN3 lesions, before and after surgical CIN removal. The results showed, as expected, a high prevalence of dysbiotic microbiomes and vaginal pro-inflammatory cytokines in the CIN cohort, correlated with disease severity, at the basal level. By contrast, surgical CIN removal induced significant vaginal microbiome variations, and specific microbiome/cytokine profiles were associated with hrHPV clearance/persistence at 6-month follow-up. hrHPV-cleared patients, in fact, showed a specific increase of L. crispatus and decrease of dysbiosis and inflammatory cytokines compared to hrHPV-persistent patients. These data highlight the crosstalk between HPV and the local microbiome, and suggest that vaginal microbiome modulation might represent a novel approach to modifying the natural history of hrHPV-related CC. Study registration n. ISRCTN34437150 (https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN34437150).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria D'Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Santi
- Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sara Conzadori
- Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Pantaleo Greco
- Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Contini
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria Bonaccorsi
- Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Chen H, Luo L, Wen Y, He B, Ling H, Shui J, He P, Hou X, Tang S, Li Z. Chlamydia trachomatis and Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women From Southern Hunan Province in China: A Large Observational Study. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:827. [PMID: 32431682 PMCID: PMC7214719 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis and human papillomavirus (HPV) are the most common pathogens of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can increase the risk of cervical cancer and infertility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, genotype and risk factors of C. trachomatis and/or HPV infection in women attending the annual physical examination, assistant reproductive treatment and visiting the gynecology clinics from Southern Hunan province in China. Cervical-swab samples were collected from 5006 participants. We found that the overall prevalence of C. trachomatis, HPV infection and C. trachomatis/HPV coinfection was 4.7% (236/5006), 15.5% (778/5006) and 1.2% (59/5006), while the prevalence of asymptomatic infection of that was 3.8% (38/1006), 10.8% (109/1006) and 0.6% (6/1006), respectively. Furthermore, 25.0% (59/236) of C. trachomatis infection and 7.6% (59/778) of HPV infection were attributable to C. trachomatis and HPV coinfection. C. trachomatis and HPV infection were more often observed in young women of less than 25 years (10.4% and 21.3%, respectively) and in the outpatients from gynecology clinics (5.2% and 18.0%, respectively). Of note, a higher prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was observed in HPV-positive women (7.6%) than HPV- negative ones (4.2%), and vice versa. The top three C. trachomatis genotypes were E (1.4%), F (1.1%) and J (0.8%), and the counterparts of HPV genotypes were HPV52 (4.2%), HPV16 (2.3%) and HPV58 (2.2%), respectively. Among the 151 outpatients with colposcopy data, HPV infection was associated with severe cervical lesions with OR of 15.86 (95% CI 3.14–80.0, P < 0.001) while C. trachomatis infection was more likely associated with a low grade colposcopy impression (OR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.22–8.65, P = 0.018). Our data highlight the high prevalence of asymptomatic C. trachomatis and HPV infection, particularly among women of <25 years. The two pathogens may serve as mutual risk factors to increase the risk of infections and cervical lesions. Widespread implementation of HPV and C. trachomatis screening programs, especially for young women, would be an effective strategy to relieve the burden of sexually transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Lipei Luo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China.,Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Wen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bei He
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hua Ling
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China.,Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Shui
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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The Prevalence of HSV, HHV-6, HPV and Mycoplasma genitalium in Chlamydia trachomatis positive and Chlamydia trachomatis Negative Urogenital Samples among Young Women in Finland. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8040276. [PMID: 31805637 PMCID: PMC6963806 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) cause sexually transmitted infections. In addition, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) may be a genital co-pathogen. The prevalence rates of HSV, HHV-6, HPV, M. genitalium, and the C. trachomatis ompA genotypes were investigated by PCR in urogenital samples of the C. trachomatis nucleic acid amplification test positive (n = 157) and age-, community- and time-matched negative (n = 157) women. The prevalence of HPV DNA was significantly higher among the C. trachomatis positives than the C. trachomatis negatives (66% vs. 25%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of HSV (1.9% vs. 0%), HHV-6 (11% vs. 14%), and M. genitalium DNA (4.5% vs. 1.9%) was not significantly different between the C. trachomatis-positive and -negative women. Thirteen per cent of test-of-cure specimens tested positive for C. trachomatis. The prevalence of HSV, HHV-6, HPV, M. genitalium, and the C. trachomatis ompA genotypes did not significantly differ between those who cleared the C. trachomatis infection (n = 105) and those who did not (n = 16). The higher prevalence of HPV DNA among the C. trachomatis positives suggests greater sexual activity and increased risk for sexually transmitted pathogens.
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Gulve N, Rudel T. Chlamydia trachomatis and human herpesvirus 6 infections in ovarian cancer-Casual or causal? PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008055. [PMID: 31697787 PMCID: PMC6837282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Gulve
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Rowley J, Vander Hoorn S, Korenromp E, Low N, Unemo M, Abu-Raddad LJ, Chico RM, Smolak A, Newman L, Gottlieb S, Thwin SS, Broutet N, Taylor MM. Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis: global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016. Bull World Health Organ 2019; 97:548-562P. [PMID: 31384073 PMCID: PMC6653813 DOI: 10.2471/blt.18.228486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 172.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate estimates of the global prevalence and incidence of urogenital infection with chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis in women and men, aged 15-49 years, in 2016. METHODS For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis, we systematically searched for studies conducted between 2009 and 2016 reporting prevalence. We also consulted regional experts. To generate estimates, we used Bayesian meta-analysis. For syphilis, we aggregated the national estimates generated by using Spectrum-STI. FINDINGS For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or trichomoniasis, 130 studies were eligible. For syphilis, the Spectrum-STI database contained 978 data points for the same period. The 2016 global prevalence estimates in women were: chlamydia 3.8% (95% uncertainty interval, UI: 3.3-4.5); gonorrhoea 0.9% (95% UI: 0.7-1.1); trichomoniasis 5.3% (95% UI:4.0-7.2); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4-0.6). In men prevalence estimates were: chlamydia 2.7% (95% UI: 1.9-3.7); gonorrhoea 0.7% (95% UI: 0.5-1.1); trichomoniasis 0.6% (95% UI: 0.4-0.9); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4-0.6). Total estimated incident cases were 376.4 million: 127.2 million (95% UI: 95.1-165.9 million) chlamydia cases; 86.9 million (95% UI: 58.6-123.4 million) gonorrhoea cases; 156.0 million (95% UI: 103.4-231.2 million) trichomoniasis cases; and 6.3 million (95% UI: 5.5-7.1 million) syphilis cases. CONCLUSION Global estimates of prevalence and incidence of these four curable sexually transmitted infections remain high. The study highlights the need to expand data collection efforts at country level and provides an initial baseline for monitoring progress of the World Health Organization global health sector strategy on sexually transmitted infections 2016-2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Rowley
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Vander Hoorn
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Nicola Low
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Magnus Unemo
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Laith J Abu-Raddad
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - R Matthew Chico
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Alex Smolak
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lori Newman
- Enteric and Sexually Transmitted Infections Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Sami Gottlieb
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
| | - Soe Soe Thwin
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Broutet
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
| | - Melanie M Taylor
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
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Wang J, Tang D, Wang K, Wang J, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ma C. HPV genotype prevalence and distribution during 2009-2018 in Xinjiang, China: baseline surveys prior to mass HPV vaccination. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2019; 19:90. [PMID: 31286939 PMCID: PMC6615222 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-019-0785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this paper was to conduct a baseline survey of HPV infection in unvaccinated women in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region before the mass use of HPV vaccine. Methods Between 2008 and 2018, the HPV genotype detected by a PCR-based hybridization gene chip assay of 37,722 women who were from Gynecology Department and Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were tested HPV genotype by a PCR-based hybridization gene chip assay. All statistical analysis methods were performed with this statistical software including Python version 3.6.1, R Software 3.5.1 and Excel 2011. Results The total positive rate for HPV was 14.02%, the most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16 (3.79%), HPV 52 (2.47%), HPV 58 (1.76%), HPV 53 (1.35%) and HPV 31 (0.72%). The single infection (11.34%) and high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection (9.72%) was the main prevalence of HPV. Age-specific HPV distribution was presented as a bimodal curve, while the youngest age group (≤25 years) presented the highest HPV infection rate (20.78%), which was followed by a second peak for the 36–40 age group. According to the ethnic stratification, the HPV infection prevalence ranging from the high to low was: Mongol (16.36%), Hui (15.15%), Kazak (14.47%), Han (14.43%), Other (14.37%), Uygher (10.96%). From 2009 to 2013, the HPV infection rate fluctuated but did not changed much. It peaked in 2014 and then fell significantly, reached the bottom point in 2017 and rose slightly in 2018. In 2015, the infection rate of HPVl6 and 52 in the population was almost the same (both 3.40%) the infection rate of HPV52 type (3.31%) was higher than that of HPVl6 type (2.18%) and became the dominant type in 2016. Conclusions We present data regarding the prevalence and type distribution of HPV infection, which could serve as the valuable reference to guide nationwide cervical cancer screening. These baseline data enable the estimates of maximum HPV vaccine impact across time and provide critical reference measurements which are important to the assess of clinical benefits and potential harms in HPV vaccination and the increase in non-vaccine HPV types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of PPTHIDCA(Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia) / Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dandan Tang
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department for College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- Department of Medical laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Medical laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of PPTHIDCA(Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia) / Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Department for College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cailing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of PPTHIDCA(Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia) / Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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Malogajski J, Branković I, Land JA, Thomas PPM, Morré SA, Ambrosino E. The Potential Role for Host Genetic Profiling in Screening for Chlamydia-Associated Tubal Factor Infertility (TFI)-New Perspectives. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10060410. [PMID: 31142036 PMCID: PMC6627277 DOI: 10.3390/genes10060410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Host immunogenetic factors can affect late complications of urogenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis. These findings are creating new avenues for updating existing risk prediction models for C. trachomatis-associated tubal factor infertility (TFI). Research into host factors and its utilization may therefore have future implications for diagnosing C. trachomatis-induced infertility. We outline the epidemiological situation regarding C. trachomatis and TFI in high-income countries. Thereupon, we review the main characteristics of the population undergoing fertility work-up and identify screening and diagnostic strategies for TFI currently in place. The Netherlands is an exemplary model for the state of the art in high-income countries. Within the framework of existing clinical approaches, we propose a scenario for the translation of relevant genome-based information into triage of infertile women, with the objective of implementing genetic profiling in the routine investigation of TFI. Furthermore, we describe the state of the art in relevant gene- and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based clinical prediction models and place our perspectives in the context of these applications. We conclude that the introduction of a genetic test of proven validity into the assessment of TFI should help reduce patient burden from invasive and costly examinations by achieving a more precise risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Malogajski
- Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Professions, Long Island University-Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Ivan Branković
- Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jolande A Land
- Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Pierre P M Thomas
- Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Servaas A Morré
- Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elena Ambrosino
- Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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15
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Human Papilloma Virus and Chlamydia trachomatis: Casual Acquaintances or Partners in Crime? CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-019-00117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Zanotta N, Campisciano G, Morassut S, Castro-Silva E, Luksa V, Zito G, Luppi S, Martinelli M, Colli C, De Seta F, Ricci G, Suligoi B, Comar M. Emerging role for Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3: Active infection in women with silent high-risk human papillomavirus and in women with idiopathic infertility. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17905-17911. [PMID: 30883747 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there are controversial opinions on the presence of Mycoplasmas/Ureaplasmas as colonizers or pathogens, and on the use of a targeted therapy. This study aimed to characterize Mycoplasmas/Ureaplasmas infections in reproductive age women, including the acquisition of sexually transmitted (ST) pathogens and poor birth outcomes. A total of 646 healthy Italian women fulfilled the inclusion criteria including 521 infertile women, 65 pregnant women, and 60 fertile women with identified risk factors and symptomatic for vaginitis/cervicitis. Multiplex and quantitative molecular techniques and direct automatic DNA sequencing were performed to assess the genome structure of Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma species and ST infected pathogens. Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3 represented the predominant colonizer of the urogenital tract of this series and the unique species significantly associated with ST pathogens coinfection (p < 0.01). U. parvum load >104 bacteria/ml, suggestive of active infection, has been measured only in asymptomatic high-risk human papillomavirus infected women (24.3%) and in 40% of women with idiopathic infertility. To note, 16% of the follicular fluid from these idiopathic women resulted infected with U. parvum. In conclusion, the present study focused the attention on U. parvum serovar 3 as emerging microorganism in sexually active women that may have the benefit of targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Zanotta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Sara Morassut
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Luksa
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriella Zito
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Luppi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Monica Martinelli
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Francesco De Seta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Zanotta N, Delbue S, Signorini L, Villani S, D'Alessandro S, Campisciano G, Colli C, De Seta F, Ferrante P, Comar M. Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Is Associated with Anal Infections in Men Who Have Sex with Men. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020054. [PMID: 30791443 PMCID: PMC6406607 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Viral infections of the anal/rectal tract of men who have sex with men (MSM) have been poorly studied. Methods: In total, 158 swab samples (81 anal/rectal, 65 throat/oral and 12 urethral) were collected from 126 MSM. DNA was isolated and subjected to real-time PCR assays for the detection of the sexually transmitted (ST) pathogens Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasmas ssp, human papillomavirus (HPV) and six human polyomaviruses (HPyVs; JCPyV, BKPyV, Merkel cell PyV–MCPyV-, HPyV-6, HPyV-7 and HPyV-9). Results: C. trachomatis (31/126, 24.6%) and M. genitalium (30/126, 23.8%) were the most frequently detected ST pathogens. Thirty-one/126 (24.6%) patients were positive for at least one HPyV. The significantly (p < 0.05) prevalent HPyV in the anal tract was MCPyV, which was amplified in 27/81 (33.3%) samples, followed by HPyV-6, which was amplified in 6/81 (7.4%) swabs. Coinfections with MCPyV and C. trachomatis or Mycoplasmas were found in 4/21 (19.0%) and 5/21 (23.8%) anal/rectal swabs, respectively. Three/4 MCPyV-C. trachomatis coinfected patients were symptomatic. Conclusions: Based on the high prevalence of MCPyV in the anal/rectal swabs from MSM patients and on the well-known oncogenic properties of MCPyV, sexual transmission and possible involvement of HPyVs in the pathogenesis of diseases of the anal canal should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Zanotta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Serena Delbue
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Lucia Signorini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Sonia Villani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Sarah D'Alessandro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | - Francesco De Seta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Ferrante
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical Science, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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18
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Zanotta N, Campisciano G, Scrimin F, Ura B, Marcuzzi A, Vincenti E, Crovella S, Comar M. Cytokine profiles of women with vulvodynia: Identification of a panel of pro-inflammatory molecular targets. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 226:66-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Huang J, Wu Z, Mei X, Shi W. Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus among females in the suburb of Shanghai, China. J Med Virol 2017; 90:157-164. [PMID: 28700089 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To describe the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its genotype distribution among females in the suburb of Shanghai. A total of 33 562 participants were enrolled in this study from January to December 2016. HPV GenoArray test kit was used to perform HPV genotyping and was also used in DNA amplification and HybriBio's proprietary flow-through hybridization technique. The overall prevalence of HPV was 18.98% and the top ten genotypes of HPV infection were HPV 16 (3.36%), HPV 58 (2.65%), HPV 52 (2.48%), HPV 51 (1.58%), HPV 54 (1.40%), HPV 68 (1.32%), HPV 18 (1.23%), HPV 6 (1.15%), HPV 56 (1.10%), and HPV 33 (1.07%). Single infection (4749, 14.15%) was the most common types among all the infected cases. Significant differences were found among age groups and month groups in terms of simple and multiple infection (P < 0.05), pure HR, LR and mixed HPV infection (P < 0.05). The prevalence of HR and LR HPV infection among females in the suburb of Shanghai is high, prevalence of single and multiple infection, pure HR, LR and mixed infection is correlated with the age and month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Songjiang Jiuting Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Mei
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Comar M, Monasta L, Seraceni S, Colli C, Luska V, Morassut S, Clemente L, Drabeni M, Moise G, Fontana F, Suligoi B. Chlamydia trachomatis and HPV co-infections in HIV negative men from a multi-ethnic area of Northern Italy at high prevalence of cervical malignancies. J Med Virol 2017; 89:1654-1661. [PMID: 28316071 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis and HPV coinfections in the male population are often a disregarded issue. We performed a study to evaluate the prevalence of such infections in heterosexual HIV negative men from a Northern Italy multi-ethnic area at high prevalence for cervical malignancies. Urethral swabs (US) or first-voided urine were evaluated retrospectively from 1317 patients attending Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) clinic and from 3388 outpatients attending private clinics. Informations about participants' demographic characteristics and attributes of C. trachomatis, including chronic infection, and HPV genotypes testing, were collected. Exact Fisher test, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regressions were carried out. The prevalence of C. trachomatis was 1.7% in the outpatients and 16.9% in the STI group (P < 0.0001) in which the highest frequency was observed in men of age ≤25 years. Among patients with C. trachomatis, asymptomatic HPV co-infection was detected in 33% of men from the STI clinic and in 2% of the outpatients. Out of all coinfections, 56% were due to single HPV, with a prevalence of 73% in young STI men. The distribution of HPV genotypes confirmed the increased circulation of LR-HPV42, HR-HPV51, HR-HPV52 and prHR-HPV82, and the decreasing of HR-HPV16. African nationalities and leucorrhea were significantly associated risk factors, while the regular condom use offered an effective protection. This study highlights the high prevalence of C. trachomatis and HPV asymptomatic co-infection in young HIV negative men attending the STI clinic, representing a reservoir of new HPV genotypes with potential oncogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.,University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Silva Seraceni
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Luska
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Morassut
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Libera Clemente
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiological Analysis AAS2 "Bassa Friulana-Sontina"-S. Polo General Hospital, Monfalcone (GO), Italy
| | - Marina Drabeni
- Dermatology Center, MST/AIDS, AAS2, "Bassa Friulana-Isontina", Gorizia, Italy
| | - Gianmichele Moise
- Dermatology Center, MST/AIDS, AAS2, "Bassa Friulana-Isontina", Gorizia, Italy
| | - Francesco Fontana
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiological Analysis AAS2 "Bassa Friulana-Sontina"-S. Polo General Hospital, Monfalcone (GO), Italy
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21
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Javanmard D, Behravan M, Ghannadkafi M, Salehabadi A, Ziaee M, Namaei MH. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in Pap Smear Samples from South Khorasan Province of Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2017; 12:31-36. [PMID: 29334204 PMCID: PMC5767929 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI), leads to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and chronic pelvic pain in women as well as an increased risk of vertical transmission, conjunctivitis and pneumonitis in infants. It may also be a co-factor along with human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer progression. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CT genotypes in genital specimens of women from South Khorasan, Iran and to test the association between CT and cytology statistics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study on 248 Pap smear samples from women who visited a gynecologist for routine Pap smear testing in South Khorasan province. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test the residual fluids of Pap smears for CT-DNA after cytological examination. Direct sequencing, alignment and phylogenic analyses were performed on eight samples to identify their genotypes. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 37.54 ± 5.21 years. Most samples had a normal cytology (214 cases, 86.29%). Overall, 31 samples were positive for CT infection (12.5%) of which 20 (9.34%) were normal and 11 (32.35%) were abnormal, with the frequency difference being significant (P=0.022). The co-infection of CT/HPV in total was identified in 14 cases (5.6%). The results of sequencing eight samples out of the 31 CT positive samples revealed the detection of genotypes D and E, each with four cases. CONCLUSION We show that a high prevalence of genital CT infection is present in women with both normal and abnormal cytology; however, the higher prevalence among women in the abnormal group may indicate its involvement in cervical neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davod Javanmard
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahmoodreza Behravan
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Malaknaz Ghannadkafi
- Faulty of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Alireza Salehabadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Masood Ziaee
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Namaei
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Smelov V, Gheit T, Sundström K, Ploner A, McKay-Chopin S, Eklund C, Tommasino M, Dillner J. Lack of Significant Effects of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection on Cervical Adenocarcinoma Risk: Nested Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156215. [PMID: 27227411 PMCID: PMC4881944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A role of Chlamydia trachomatis in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis has been reported for cervical cancer but studies on cervical adenocarcinoma are limited. Methods A total of 1,553 cervical smears taken up to 26 years before diagnosis in a large population-based nested case-control study of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC, 132 cases with matched controls), and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS, 159 cases with matched controls) were tested for C. trachomatis and HPV DNA by a type-specific PCR bead-based multiplex genotyping (TS-MPG) assay. Results Only 1.7% of samples were positive for C. trachomatis, with no significant differences between AC/AIS cases and controls. HPV-positivity was detected in 49.3% of C. trachomatis-negative and 65.4% C. trachomatis-positive samples, respectively. Conclusions A large prospective study did not find any risk for cervical adenocarcinoma and/or AIS conferred by C. trachomatis infection. Impact C. trachomatis appears not to be involved in cervical adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Smelov
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Screening Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Karin Sundström
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Ploner
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Carina Eklund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Joakim Dillner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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