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KUSUMOTO M, NARITA H, MOTEGI T, HARADA K. Estimation of latamoxef (moxalactam) dosage regimens against β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in dogs: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:841-846. [PMID: 38897952 PMCID: PMC11300127 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.24-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the most significant research areas in veterinary medicine is the search for carbapenem substitutes for the treatment of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E). This study applied a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) strategy in validating optimal latamoxef (LMX) therapeutic regimens against canine ESBL-E infections. Five dogs were administered a bolus dose of 40 mg/kg LMX intravenously to measure serum drug concentrations and determine PK indices using the noncompartmental model. The highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with a probability of target attainment ≥90% was used to compute the PK/PD cutoff values for bacteriostatic (time for which the unbound drug concentration was above the MIC [fTAM] ≥ 40%) and bactericidal (fTAM ≥ 70%) effects when administered at 20, 30, 50, and 60 mg/kg, in addition to 40 mg/kg. The cumulative fraction of response (CFR) was determined using the MIC distribution of wild-type ESBL-E in companion animals. The PK/PD cutoff values can be increased by reducing the dosing interval rather than increasing the dose per time. Based on the calculated CFRs for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, all LMX regimens in this study and those administered at 30-60 mg/kg every 8 and 6 hr were found to be optimal (CFR ≥ 90%) for exerting bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, respectively. However, the regimens of 50 and 60 mg/kg every 6 hr may merely exert bacteriostatic effects on ESBL-producing Enterobacter cloacae. Further clinical trials are required to confirm the clinical efficacy of LMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki KUSUMOTO
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori
University, Tottori, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori
University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Haruka NARITA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori
University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Tomoki MOTEGI
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki HARADA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori
University, Tottori, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori
University, Tottori, Japan
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Matope G, Chaima K, Bande B, Bare W, Kadzviti F, Jinjika F, Tivapasi M. Isolation of multi-drug-resistant strains of Escherichia coli from faecal samples of dogs and cats from Harare, Zimbabwe. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1472. [PMID: 39031748 PMCID: PMC11190846 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in recent years has been of major public health concern globally. Escherichia coli are amongst the bacteria that have been targeted for AMR surveillance due to their ability to cause infection in both animals and humans. Their propensity to produce extended spectrum beta-lactamases further complicates the choices of treatment regimens. OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistance in E. coli strains isolated from faecal samples of dogs and cats from selected veterinary surgeries and animal shelters from Harare, Zimbabwe. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out to select animals by a systematic random procedure. Faecal samples were collected for culture and isolation of E. coli. Their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was assessed using the disc diffusion method. RESULTS A total of 95% (133/140) of the samples from cats (n = 40) and dogs (n = 93) yielded E. coli. Resistance was recorded for ampicillin (45.9%), trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (44.4%), nalidixic acid (29.3%), ceftazidime (15.8%) and azithromycin (12.8%), but not for gentamicin and imipenem. A total of 18% of the isolates were multi-drug-resistant where resistance to nalidixic acid, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole predominated. CONCLUSION We observed relatively high AMR of E. coli strains against ampicillin. The isolation of multi-drug-resistant strains of E. coli may signal the dissemination of resistance genes in the ecosystem of these bacteria which may have a public health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gift Matope
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
| | - Kudzai Chaima
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
| | - Beauty Bande
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
| | - Winnet Bare
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
| | - Faith Kadzviti
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
| | - Farai Jinjika
- Department of Veterinary ServicesUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
| | - Musavenga Tivapasi
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe
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Kusumoto M, Jitsuiki M, Motegi T, Harada K. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the Oxacephem Antibiotic Flomoxef against Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales from Dogs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1105. [PMID: 38256182 PMCID: PMC10816067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Flomoxef (FMX) may be a potential alternative to carbapenems for dogs infected with Enterobacterales-producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL-E). However, the appropriate dosage of FMX in dogs with ESBL-E infections has yet to be established. This study was carried out to establish appropriate treatment regimens for FMX against ESBL-E infections in dogs using a pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) approach. Five dogs were intravenously administered at a bolus dose of FMX (40 mg/kg body weight). Serum concentrations of FMX were calculated with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and then applied to determine PK indices based on a non-compartmental model. The cumulative fraction of response (CFR) was estimated based on the dissemination of minimum inhibitory concentrations among wild-type ESBL-E from companion animals. From the results, the dosage regimens of 40 mg/kg every 6 and 8 h were estimated to attain a CFR of >90% for wild-type isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis for dogs. By contrast, all regimens had a CFR of <80% for ESBL-producing Enterobacter cloacae. Our results indicated that dosage regimens of 40 mg/kg FMX every 6 and 8 h can be a non-carbapenem treatment for canine infections of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, but not for those of ESBL-producing Enterobacter cloacae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Kusumoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Makoto Jitsuiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoki Motegi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan;
| | - Kazuki Harada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
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Maroto-Tello A, Ayllón T, Aguinaga-Casañas MA, Ariza JJ, Penelo S, Baños A, Ortiz-Díez G. In Vitro Activity of Allium cepa Organosulfur Derivatives against Canine Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae. Vet Sci 2024; 11:26. [PMID: 38250932 PMCID: PMC10820550 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase of multi-resistant bacteria, especially Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae, constitutes a challenge in veterinary medicine. The rapid growth of resistance is outpacing antibiotic discovery. Innovative strategies are needed, including the use of natural products like Allium species (Allium sativum L. and Allium cepa L.), which have been used empirically for centuries to treat infectious diseases in humans and farm and aquaculture animals due to their antibacterial properties. METHODS This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of two Allium-derived compounds, propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) and propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), against multi-resistant Staphylococcus spp. (n = 30) and Enterobacteriaceae (n = 26) isolated from dogs referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Madrid. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results indicated the in vitro efficacy of PTSO/PTS against the tested bacterial strains, and 56.7% of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and 53.8% of Enterobacteriaceae showed sensitivity to PTS and PTSO compared with classic antibiotics. In addition, 50% of S. pseudintermedius strains resistant to erythromycin, ibofloxacin, difloxacin and orbifloxacin and 50% of Enterobacteriaceae strains resistant to tetracycline and doxycycline were sensitive to PTS and PTSO. Although studies are needed to verify their efficacy in vivo, the combined use of PTS and PTSO exhibits promise in enhancing bacterial sensitivity against S. pseudintermedius and Enterobacteriaceae infections, providing a first insight into the potential of both compounds in veterinary practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Maroto-Tello
- Departamento de Microbiología, DMC Research Center, 18620 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-T.); (M.A.A.-C.); (A.B.)
| | - Tania Ayllón
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan José Ariza
- Departamento de Microbiología, Campus Fuente Nueva, Universidad de Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain;
| | - Silvia Penelo
- Servicio de Urgencias, Hospitalización y UCI, Hospital Clínico Veterinario Complutense, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Baños
- Departamento de Microbiología, DMC Research Center, 18620 Granada, Spain; (A.M.-T.); (M.A.A.-C.); (A.B.)
- Departamento de Microbiología, Campus Fuente Nueva, Universidad de Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain;
| | - Gustavo Ortiz-Díez
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Kusumoto M, Motegi T, Uno H, Yokono M, Harada K. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of cefmetazole against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in dogs using Monte Carlo Simulation. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1270137. [PMID: 37841458 PMCID: PMC10569024 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1270137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is a serious concern in companion animal medicine owing to their ability to develop multidrug resistance. Cefmetazole (CMZ) is a candidate drug for treating ESBL-E infections; however, its regimen in dogs has not been established. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic (PK) indices of CMZ in dogs and performed PK-pharmacodynamic (PD) analyses using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). Methods In total, six healthy dogs received an intravenous bolus dose of CMZ (40 mg/kg body weight). Serum CMZ concentrations were evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and PK indices were determined based on non-compartmental analysis. The PK-PD cut-off (COPD) values were calculated as the highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that achieved ≥90% probability of target attainment for a target value of unbounded drug concentration exceeding 40% of the dosing interval. The cumulative fraction of response (CFR) was calculated based on the MIC distribution of wild-type ESBL-E from companion animals. Results The area under the concentration-time curve and elimination half-time were 103.36 ± 7.49 mg·h/L and 0.84 ± 0.07 h, respectively. MCS analysis revealed that COPD values for regimens of 40 mg/kg q12, q8h, and q6h were ≤ 0.5, ≤2, and ≤ 4 μg/mL, respectively. A regimen of 40 mg/kg q6h was estimated to achieve a CFR of 80-90% for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. By contrast, all regimens exhibited a CFR of ≤70% for Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter cloacae. Discussion We conclude that CMZ at 40 mg/kg q6h could be a viable treatment regimen for dogs infected with ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Kusumoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Tomoki Motegi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Haruna Uno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Mizuki Yokono
- Technical Department, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kazuki Harada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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Vercelli C, Amadori M, Gambino G, Re G. Does Nitrofurantoin Improve the Portfolio of Vets against Resistant Bacteria in Companion Animals? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050911. [PMID: 37237814 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice in dogs and cats, antimicrobials are frequently used, sometimes overused or misused, increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In order to limit the phenomenon, laws have been enacted and guidelines for prudent and rational use of antibiotics have been developed. Interestingly, old molecules such as nitrofurantoin could be used to achieve therapeutic success and overcome AMR. To better understand the suitability of this molecule in veterinary medicine, the authors performed a revision of the literature, searching on PubMed and entering the following keywords: nitrofurantoin, veterinary medicine, dog, and cat connected by the Boolean operator "and", without restrictions on the date of publication. Thirty papers were finally selected. It is possible to appreciate that papers dealing with nitrofurantoin have been written from the early 1960s to the middle of the 1970s, and then a long period passed without publications. Only at the beginning of the new century, nitrofurantoin was included or was sometimes the focus of papers dealing with its efficacy in veterinary medicine, mainly in the treatment of urinary tract infections. One recent paper dealt with pharmacokinetic features, and none was dedicated to pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration or modeling. Nitrofurantoin appears to be still effective against several pathogens that rarely develop resistance to this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vercelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences of Turin, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Michela Amadori
- Department of Veterinary Sciences of Turin, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Graziana Gambino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences of Turin, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Re
- Department of Veterinary Sciences of Turin, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
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Chetri S. The culmination of multidrug-resistant efflux pumps vs. meager antibiotic arsenal era: Urgent need for an improved new generation of EPIs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1149418. [PMID: 37138605 PMCID: PMC10149990 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1149418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Efflux pumps function as an advanced defense system against antimicrobials by reducing the concentration of drugs inside the bacteria and extruding the substances outside. Various extraneous substances, including antimicrobials, toxic heavy metals, dyes, and detergents, have been removed by this protective barrier composed of diverse transporter proteins found in between the cell membrane and the periplasm within the bacterial cell. In this review, multiple efflux pump families have been analytically and widely outlined, and their potential applications have been discussed in detail. Additionally, this review also discusses a variety of biological functions of efflux pumps, including their role in the formation of biofilms, quorum sensing, their survivability, and the virulence in bacteria, and the genes/proteins associated with efflux pumps have also been explored for their potential relevance to antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic residue detection. A final discussion centers around efflux pump inhibitors, particularly those derived from plants.
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Aurich S, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Ewers C. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial Uropathogens Isolated from Dogs and Cats. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121730. [PMID: 36551391 PMCID: PMC9774110 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common diagnosis in companion animal practice and is one of the leading reasons for antimicrobial prescriptions. We analysed 1862 samples from the urinary tract of dogs and cats, submitted to a veterinary microbiological diagnostic laboratory in 2019 and 2020 in Germany. Susceptibility of 962 uropathogenic isolates to 15 antimicrobials, suggested as first- and second-line treatment options for UTI, was determined according to CLSI recommendations. Bacterial growth of uropathogens was detected in 43.9% of dog and in 38.5% of cat samples. Escherichia (E.) coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen (48.4%), followed by Enterococcus spp. (11.9%) and coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS; 11.5%). Females were more likely to exhibit a positive microbiological culture. Regarding first-line antibiotics, 93.4% of the most commonly isolated uropathogenic species were susceptible to the first-line antibiotics amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) and 87.6% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT), while 76.1% showed decreased susceptibility to ampicillin (AMP). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 11.9% of E. coli, 50.4% of enterococci, and 42.7% of CoPS; 90.6% of these isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin (NIT). Our data indicate that empiric treatment of UTI with AMC or SXT could be recommended and is preferable to treatment with AMX. NIT should be considered for the treatment of MDR uropathogens.
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Shimizu T, Kido N, Miyashita N, Tanaka S, Omiya T, Morikaku K, Kawahara M, Harada K. Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from Japanese raccoon dogs ( Nyctereutes viverrinus) in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan: Emergence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant human-related clones. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 36748540 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Wild animals are one of the putative reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, but the significance of raccoon dogs remains to be investigated.Hypothesis. Raccoon dogs can be a reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.Aim. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, mainly extended-spectrum cephalosporins resistance, in Escherichia coli isolates from faeces of 80 Japanese raccoon dogs in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.Methodology. All of the 80 faecal samples were streaked onto deoxycholate-hydrogen sulfate-lactose (DHL) and cefotaxime (CTX)-supplemented DHL (DHL-CTX) agars. Susceptibilities to ten antimicrobials were determined using the agar dilution method. Additionally, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC-type β-lactamases (ABLs) were identified in addition to sequence types (STs), in ESC-resistant isolates by a polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.Results. Out of all the samples, 75 (93.8 %) and 20 (25.0 %) E. coli isolates were isolated by DHL and DHL-CTX agars, respectively. Significantly higher resistance rates to most of the drugs were found in DHL-CTX-derived isolates than DHL-derived isolates (P<0.01). Genetic analysis identified CTX-M-14 (n=6), CTX-M-2 (n=2), CTX-M-1 (n=1) and CTX-M-55 (n=1) as ESBLs, and CMY-2 (n=8) and DHA-1 (n=1) as ABLs in 20 DHL-CTX-derived isolates. Most of the detected STs were related to Japanese humans (i.e. ST10, ST58, ST69, ST131, ST357, ST648 and ST4038). Notably, this is the first report on ST69, ST131, ST155 and ST648, which are well-known international high-risk clones in Japanese raccoon dogs.Conclusion. Our findings underscore the need to understand the significance of raccoon dogs as an antimicrobial-resistant bacteria reservoir using one health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takae Shimizu
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Nobuhide Kido
- Kanazawa Zoological Gardens, Yokohama Greenery Foundation, 5-15-1, Kamariya, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyashita
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Sohei Tanaka
- Kanazawa Zoological Gardens, Yokohama Greenery Foundation, 5-15-1, Kamariya, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Omiya
- Kanazawa Zoological Gardens, Yokohama Greenery Foundation, 5-15-1, Kamariya, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kouki Morikaku
- Kanazawa Zoological Gardens, Yokohama Greenery Foundation, 5-15-1, Kamariya, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Minori Kawahara
- Kanazawa Zoological Gardens, Yokohama Greenery Foundation, 5-15-1, Kamariya, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuki Harada
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-cho, Tottori-shi, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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Salgado-Caxito M, Benavides JA, Adell AD, Paes AC, Moreno-Switt AI. Global prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing- Escherichia coli in dogs and cats - A scoping review and meta-analysis. One Health 2021; 12:100236. [PMID: 33889706 PMCID: PMC8050393 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major threat to human and animal health. Part of the AMR dimension is the circulation of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing-Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli), which is now commonly reported among companion animals. However, the global perspective of the prevalence and population structure of ESBL-E. coli circulating in dogs and cats has not been estimated limiting our understanding of their role in the dissemination of ESBL-E. coli. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of ESBL-E. coli between dogs and cats and across countries through meta-analysis. We also performed a scoping review to summarize the current knowledge on ESBL genes and E. coli clones circulating among companion animals. A total of 128 studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to April 2020 were selected and contained information on prevalence and/or molecular characterization of ESBL genes and ESBL-E. coli clones. Our review shows an increase in the number of publications between 2000 and 2019, concentrated mainly in Europe. Prevalence varied across continents, ranging from 0.63% (Oceania) to 16.56% (Africa) in dogs and from 0% (Oceania) to 16.82% (Asia) in cats. Although there were twice as many studies reporting prevalence on dogs (n = 61) than on cats (n = 32), and only 9 studies focused exclusively on cats, our meta-analysis showed no difference in the global prevalence of ESBL-E. coli between dogs (6.87% [95% CI: 4.46-10.45%]) and cats (5.04% [95% CI: 2.42-10.22%]). A considerable diversity of ESBL genes (n = 60) and sequence types (ST) (n = 171) were recovered from companion animals. ESBL-E. coli encoded by CTX-M-15 (67.5%, 77/114) and SHV-12 (21.9%, 25/114), along with resistant strains of ST38 (22.7%, 15/66) and ST131 (50%, 33/66) were widespread and detected in all continents. While presence of ESBL-E. coli is widespread, the drivers influencing the observed ESBL-E. coli prevalence and the clinical relevance in veterinary medicine and public health along with economic impact of ESBL-E. coli infections among companion animals need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Salgado-Caxito
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio A. Benavides
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aiko D. Adell
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Carlos Paes
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea I. Moreno-Switt
- Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research On Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Harada K, Shimizu T, Kawaguchi K, Furuhashi T, Ishihara G. Urinary Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Fosfomycin against Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli with Canine Ex Vivo Modeling: A Pilot Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E230. [PMID: 32380640 PMCID: PMC7277591 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fosfomycin is a candidate drug for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, but its efficacy is yet to be investigated in dogs. This study investigated the urinary pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profile of fosfomycin orally administered at 80 mg/kg to six healthy dogs to assess its efficacy for canine urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by ESBL-producing bacteria. Four strains of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) characterized by fosfomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.5, 1, 2, and 32 µg/mL were used. Urine samples for the measurement of urinary drug concentrations and urinary bactericidal titers (UBTs) were obtained after drug administration. The urinary concentrations (µg/mL, mean ± SE) were 1348.2 ± 163.5, 1191.6 ± 260.2, and 661.1 ± 190.4 at 0-4, 4-8, and 8-12 h, respectively, after drug administration. The mean urinary area under the curve during the test period (AUC0-12) of fosfomycin was estimated to be 12,803.8 µg·h/mL. The UBTs for all tested strains fluctuated closely with urine concentration during the test period (r = 0.944-1.000), and the area under the UBT-versus-time curve correlated with the urinary AUC/MIC of each strain (r = 0.991). According to the optimal urinary PK/PD target value, fosfomycin at 80 mg/kg twice daily may be suitable for the treatment of canine UTIs caused by ESBL-EC presenting MIC ≤ 128 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Harada
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (T.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Takae Shimizu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (T.S.); (K.K.)
- Anicom Specialty Medical Institute Inc., Kanagawa 231-0033, Japan; (T.F.); (G.I.)
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (T.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Takeshi Furuhashi
- Anicom Specialty Medical Institute Inc., Kanagawa 231-0033, Japan; (T.F.); (G.I.)
| | - Genki Ishihara
- Anicom Specialty Medical Institute Inc., Kanagawa 231-0033, Japan; (T.F.); (G.I.)
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12
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Wang S, Xu L, Chi X, Li Y, Kou Z, Hou P, Xie H, Bi Z, Zheng B. Emergence of NDM-1- and CTX-M-3-Producing Raoultella ornithinolytica in Human Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2678. [PMID: 31824461 PMCID: PMC6883284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Raoultella ornithinolytica is an opportunistic pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae family and has been implicated in nosocomial infections in recent years. The aim of this study was to characterize a carbapenemase-producing R. ornithinolytica isolate and three extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing R. ornithinolytica isolates from stool samples of adults in a rural area of Shandong Province, China. The species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that all four isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The whole genome sequence (WGS) of these isolates was determined using an Illumina HiSeq platform, which revealed MDR-related genes. The S1 nuclease-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE) was used to characterize the plasmids carried by the R. ornithinolytica isolates. The blaNDM-1 and blaCTX-M-3 genes were probed using Southern blotting, which confirmed the location of both genes on the same plasmid with molecular weight of 336.5–398.4 kb. The transferability of blaNDM-1 and blaCTX-M was also confirmed by conjugation assays. Finally, BLAST analysis of both genes showed that mobile genetic elements were associated with the spread of drug resistance genes. Taken together, we report the presence of conjugative blaNDM-1 and blaCTX-M plasmids in R. ornithinolytica isolates from healthy humans, which indicate the possibility of inter-species transfer of drug resistance genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to isolate and characterize carbapenemase-producing R. ornithinolytica and ESBL-producing R. ornithinolytica isolates from healthy human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Bacterial Infection Disease Control of Institute, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Liuchen Xu
- Bacterial Infection Disease Control of Institute, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Chi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Bacterial Infection Disease Control of Institute, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Bacterial Infection Disease Control of Institute, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Peibin Hou
- Bacterial Infection Disease Control of Institute, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Hengjie Xie
- Department of Supervise Sampling, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenwang Bi
- Bacterial Infection Disease Control of Institute, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Beiwen Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Kikuchi K, Lee K, Ueno H, Tomari K, Kobori S, Kaetsu A, Matsui M, Suzuki S, Sekizuka T, Kuroda M, Miyazaki M, Ohnishi M. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O121:H19 acquired an extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene during the development of an outbreak in two nurseries. Microb Genom 2019; 5. [PMID: 31215859 PMCID: PMC6700663 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important human pathogen worldwide. Although serotype O157 is currently the most dominant and important EHEC strain, serotypes O26, O111, O91, O103 and O121 are also recognized as serious pathogens that affect public health. EHEC outbreaks often occur in nurseries and elderly care facilities. In 2012, a nursery outbreak of EHEC O121 occurred during which the bacterium acquired a plasmid-borne extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene. ESBL-producing E. coli O86 was concurrently isolated from one of the EHEC patients. Therefore, we investigated the isolates by whole-genome sequence (WGS) analysis to elucidate the transmission dynamics of the EHEC strains and the ESBL plasmid. According to WGS-based phylogeny, all 17 EHEC O121 isolates were clonal, while E. coli O86 was genetically distant from the EHEC O121 isolates. The complete sequence of an ESBL plasmid encoding the CTX-M-55 β-lactamase was determined using S1-PFGE bands, and subsequent mapping of the WGS reads confirmed that the plasmid sequences from EHEC O121 and E. coli O86 were identical. Furthermore, conjugation experiments showed that the plasmid was capable of conjugative transfer. These results support the hypothesis that EHEC O121 acquired an ESBL-producing plasmid from E. coli O86 during the outbreak. This report demonstrates the importance of implementing preventive measures during EHEC outbreaks to control both secondary infection and the spread of antimicrobial resistance factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kikuchi
- Saitama City Institute of Health Science and Research, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Lee
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ueno
- Saitama City Institute of Health Science and Research, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tomari
- Saitama City Institute of Health Science and Research, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sumie Kobori
- Saitama City Institute of Health Science and Research, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Mari Matsui
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satowa Suzuki
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekizuka
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motonobu Miyazaki
- Saitama City Institute of Health Science and Research, Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Hartmann FA, Fox L, Fox B, Viviano K. Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for dogs with urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2019; 253:850-856. [PMID: 30211649 DOI: 10.2460/javma.253.7.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Harada K, Shimizu T, Miyashita N, Hikasa Y. Assessment of urinary pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of faropenem against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli with canine ex vivo modelling: a pilot study. Access Microbiol 2019; 1:e000004. [PMID: 32974491 PMCID: PMC7470355 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the urinary pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of faropenem administered orally at 5 mg kg-1 in six healthy dogs to assess the efficacy of the drug for canine urinary tract infections (UTIs) with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria. Six strains of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) with the following faropenem minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were used: 1 µg ml-1 (n=2), 2 µg ml-1 (n=2), 4 µg ml-1 (n=1) and 16 µg ml-1 (n=1). Urine samples were obtained every 4 h for the first 12 h after administration to measure urinary drug concentration and urinary bactericidal titres (UBTs). Both the urine concentration of faropenem and the UBTs for all tested strains peaked at 0-4 h after administration, and decreased markedly at 8-12 h. The mean urinary concentration of faropenem at 8-12 h (23±5.2 µg ml-1) exceeded the MIC of 1 µg ml-1 by fourfold, which is required to inhibit the growth of 90 % of ESBL-EC. These findings indicate that faropenem administered twice daily at a dose of 5 mg kg-1 is acceptable for the treatment of most dogs with ESBL-EC-related UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Harada
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Takae Shimizu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyashita
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hikasa
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tottori University, Minami 4-101, Koyama-Cho, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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16
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Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Serratia spp. and Citrobacter spp. Isolates from Companion Animals in Japan: Nosocomial Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Citrobacter freundii. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7030064. [PMID: 30823419 PMCID: PMC6462910 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In many countries including Japan, the status of emerging antimicrobial resistance among Serratia spp. and Citrobacter spp. in companion animals remains unknown because these genera are rarely isolated from animals. In this study, 30 Serratia spp. and 23 Citrobacter spp. isolates from companion animals underwent susceptibility testing for 10 antimicrobials. Phenotypic and genetic approaches were used to identify the mechanisms of extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC). Subsequently, ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains underwent multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A significantly higher rate (34.8%) of ESC resistance was observed in Citrobacter spp. isolates than in Serratia spp. isolates (0%). ESC resistance was detected in five C. freundii strains, two C. portucalensis strains, and one C. koseri strain. All of the ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. strains harbored CMY-type and/or DHA-type AmpC β-lactamases. Three C. freundii strains harbored the CTX-M-3-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Notably, the three blaCTX-3-producing and two blaCMY-117-bearing C. freundii strains (obtained from different patients in one hospital) had the same sequence type (ST156 and ST18, respectively) and similar PFGE profiles. We believe that ESC-resistant Citrobacter spp. are important nosocomial pathogens in veterinary medicine. Therefore, infection control in animal hospitals is essential to prevent dissemination of these resistant pathogens.
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