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Suarez-Duarte ME, Santos RL, Pereira CER, Resende TP, Araujo MD, Correia PA, Barbosa JCR, Laub RP, Rodrigues DLN, Aburjaile FF, Guedes RMC. In Silico Evaluation of Lawsonia intracellularis Genes Orthologous to Genes Associated with Pathogenesis in Other Intracellular Bacteria. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1596. [PMID: 39203437 PMCID: PMC11355991 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Proliferative enteropathy is an enteric disease caused by the bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis, which affects several species of domestic and wild animals. The mechanisms underlying the mechanisms employed by L. intracellularis to cause host cell proliferation are poorly understood, mostly because this bacterium is extremely difficult to isolate and propagate in vitro. Comparative genomics methods for searching for genes orthologous to genes known to be associated with pathogenesis allow identification of genes potentially involved in pathogenesis by the pathogen of interest. The goal of this study was to carry out in silico research on L. intracellularis genes orthologous to genes required for intracellular invasion and survival present in other pathogenic bacteria, particularly Brucella abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, Salmonella enterica, Yersinia pestis, Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis. A total of 127 genes associated with invasion and intracellular survival from five known intracellular bacteria were mapped against the predicted proteomes of all L. intracellularis strains publicly available on GenBank, using the OrthoFinder program. A total of 45 L. intracellularis genes were orthologous to genes associated with pathogenesis of other intracellular bacteria. Genes putatively associated with signal the transduction of chemotaxis and cell motility were identified. Genes related to DNA binding and repair were also identified, with some of them supporting a possible association of bacteria with macrophages or inducing pro-inflammatory responses. The homology-based identification of these genes suggests their potential involvement in the virulence and pathogenicity of L. intracellularis, opening avenues for future research and insights into the molecular mechanisms of Lawsonia-elicited proliferative enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirtha E. Suarez-Duarte
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Renato L. Santos
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Carlos E. R. Pereira
- Department of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Talita P. Resende
- Department of Animal Science, College of Food, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Matheus D. Araujo
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Paula A. Correia
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Jessica C. R. Barbosa
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Ricardo P. Laub
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Diego L. N. Rodrigues
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (D.L.N.R.); (F.F.A.)
| | - Flavia F. Aburjaile
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (D.L.N.R.); (F.F.A.)
| | - Roberto M. C. Guedes
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (M.E.S.-D.); (R.L.S.); (M.D.A.); (P.A.C.); (J.C.R.B.); (R.P.L.)
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Wang L, Wu W, Zhao L, Zhu Z, Yao X, Fan J, Chen H, Song W, Huang X, Hua L, Qian P, Chen H, Peng Z, Wu B. Fecal PCR survey and genome analysis of Lawsonia intracellularis in China. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1324768. [PMID: 38384951 PMCID: PMC10879436 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1324768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis is an important economic associated disease to pig industry, but the knowledge about the prevalence of L. intracellularis in pig farms in China is limited. In addition, there is no complete genome sequence available for L. intracellularis isolates from China. In this study, we developed a TaqMan qPCR for the screening of L. intracellularis by targeting the bacterial 16S rDNA gene. Laboratory evaluations revealed a good sensitivity and specificity on detecting L. intracellularis nucleic acid. Using this method, we investigated 891 fecal samples from apparently healthy pigs in 47 farms. The results demonstrated a screening positive rate of 37.3% (95% CI, 34.1-40.5%) for the samples, and a farm screening positive rate of 93.6% (95% CI, 65.3-94.4%). The screening positive rate at herd level ranged from 6.67% (95% CI, 0.2-31.9%) to 40% (95% CI, 38-79.6%), while at animal level, the highest screening positive rate was found in 12-week-old pigs [85.7% (95% CI, 67.3-96.0%)]. Investigation of 705 diarrheal or bloody feces from symptomatic pigs revealed that the highest positive rate was found in replacement gilts which was 37.18% (95% CI, 45.1-89.5%). Secondly, we conducted the complete genome sequence of a L. intracellularis PPE-GX01-2022 from China through PacBio sequencing. The genome of PPE-GX01-2022 consisted of a chromosome of 1,439,110 bp in length and three plasmids of 193,063, 39,799, and 27,067 bp, respectively. This genome encoded 1,428 predicted proteins, 44 tRNAs, and 6 rRNAs. Sequence comparisons demonstrated that the genome sequence of PPE-GX01-2022 was highly homologous to those of two isolates from US, and these three isolates shared 1,378 core genes. The screening results suggest a high prevalence rate of L. intracellularis in Chinese pig farms. In addition, the genome sequence of the Chinese isolate was highly homologous to those of the field isolates from the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guangxi YangXiang Co., Ltd., Guigang, China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lifeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinzhi Yao
- College of Informatics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Wencel P, Smith SH, Couck L, Hellebuyck T, Scott PC, McOrist S. Infection of juvenile falcons (Falco spp.) with intestinal Lawsonia intracellularis. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:744-747. [PMID: 36639945 PMCID: PMC10029905 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal infection of many host species with Lawsonia intracellularis are widely reported. Analyses of infections among carnivorous falcons have not previously been reported. Fifty juvenile captive falcons (Falco spp.) with or without Lawsonia infection were investigated in the United Arab Emirates, including clinical laboratory methods. Fresh intestinal biopsy samples were analysed by microbiological techniques for Lawsonia and other bacteria and by standard parasitological and pathological methods. Lawsonia intracellularis infection was diagnosed by microbiological examination and qPCR in 10 of 50 juvenile falcons at case examination. Seven of these 10 falcons were of normal clinical appearance, and the other three had other contributing factors to ill-thrift. A range of other conditions were noted in 40 case control falcons. This first report of Lawsonia infection in falcons suggests that the agent may have a limited contribution to clinical disease in these birds, including ill-thrift syndromes. This lack of clinical disease association mimics that noted among Lawsonia infections recorded in other avian families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wencel
- Al Aseefa Falcon Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sionagh H Smith
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liesbeth Couck
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tom Hellebuyck
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Peter C Scott
- Scolexia Avian and Animal Consultancy Co., Moonee Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven McOrist
- Scolexia Avian and Animal Consultancy Co., Moonee Ponds, Victoria, Australia
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