1
|
Schaduangrat N, Phanich J, Rungrotmongkol T, Lerdsamran H, Puthavathana P, Ubol S. The significance of naturally occurring neuraminidase quasispecies of H5N1 avian influenza virus on resistance to oseltamivir: a point of concern. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:1311-1323. [PMID: 26935590 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral adaptability and survival arise due to the presence of quasispecies populations that are able to escape the immune response or produce drug-resistant variants. However, the presence of H5N1 virus with natural mutations acquired without any drug selection pressure poses a great threat. Cloacal samples collected from the 2004-2005 epidemics in Thailand from Asian open-billed storks revealed one major and several minor quasispecies populations with mutations on the oseltamivir (OTV)-binding site of the neuraminidase gene (NA) without prior exposure to a drug. Therefore, this study investigated the binding between the NA-containing novel mutations and OTV drug using molecular dynamic simulations and plaque inhibition assay. The results revealed that the mutant populations, S236F mutant, S236F/C278Y mutant, A250V/V266A/P271H/G285S mutant and C278Y mutant, had a lower binding affinity with OTV as compared with the WT virus due to rearrangement of amino acid residues and increased flexibility in the 150-loop. This result was further emphasized through the IC50 values obtained for the major population and WT virus, 104.74 nM and 18.30 nM, respectively. Taken together, these data suggest that H5N1 viruses isolated from wild birds have already acquired OTV-resistant point mutations without any exposure to a drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Schaduangrat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Ratchatewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jiraphorn Phanich
- Computational Chemistry Unit Cell, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hatairat Lerdsamran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pilaipan Puthavathana
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Ratchatewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sitaras I, Kalthoff D, Beer M, Peeters B, de Jong MCM. Immune escape mutants of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 selected using polyclonal sera: identification of key amino acids in the HA protein. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84628. [PMID: 24586231 PMCID: PMC3934824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution of Avian Influenza (AI) viruses--especially of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 subtype--is a major issue for the poultry industry. HPAI H5N1 epidemics are associated with huge economic losses and are sometimes connected to human morbidity and mortality. Vaccination (either as a preventive measure or as a means to control outbreaks) is an approach that splits the scientific community, due to the risk of it being a potential driving force in HPAI evolution through the selection of mutants able to escape vaccination-induced immunity. It is therefore essential to study how mutations are selected due to immune pressure. To this effect, we performed an in vitro selection of mutants from HPAI A/turkey/Turkey/1/05 (H5N1), using immune pressure from homologous polyclonal sera. After 42 rounds of selection, we identified 5 amino acid substitutions in the Haemagglutinin (HA) protein, most of which were located in areas of antigenic importance and suspected to be prone to selection pressure. We report that most of the mutations took place early in the selection process. Finally, our antigenic cartography studies showed that the antigenic distance between the selected isolates and their parent strain increased with passage number.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Sitaras
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Virology, Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen University and Research Centre, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Donata Kalthoff
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Ben Peeters
- Department of Virology, Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen University and Research Centre, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Mart C. M. de Jong
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Noisumdaeng P, Pooruk P, Kongchanagul A, Assanasen S, Kitphati R, Auewarakul P, Puthavathana P. Biological properties of H5 hemagglutinin expressed by vaccinia virus vector and its immunological reactivity with human sera. Viral Immunol 2013; 26:49-59. [PMID: 23374152 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2012.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A recombinant vaccinia virus harboring the full length hemagglutinin (HA) gene derived from a highly pathogenic avian influenza A/Thailand/1(KAN-1)/2004 (H5N1) virus (rVac-H5 HA virus) was constructed. The immunogenicity of the expressed HA protein was characterized using goat antiserum, mouse monoclonal antibody, and human sera. The expressed HA protein localized both in the cytoplasm and on the cytoplasmic membrane of the thymidine kinase negative cells infected with the rVac-H5 HA virus, as determined by immunofluorescence assay. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the rVac-H5 HA protein was post-translationally processed by proteolytic cleavage of the HA0 precursor into HA1 and HA2 domains; and all of these HA forms were immunogenic in BALB/c mice. The molecular weight (MW) of each HA domain was the same as the wild-type H5 HA produced in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells infected with the H5N1 virus, but was higher than that expressed by a baculovirus-insect cell system. Sera from all H5N1 survivors reacted to HA0, HA1, and HA2 domains; whereas sera from H5N1-uninfected subjects reacted to the HA2 domain only, but not to HA0 or HA1, indicating that some cross-subtypic immunity exists in the general population. There was a lot-to-lot variation of the recombinant HA produced in the baculovirus-insect cell system that might affect the detection rate of antibody directed against certain HA domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pirom Noisumdaeng
- Department of Microbiology, Mahidol University, Bangkok-noi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|