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Sueangoen N, Thuwajit P, Yenchitsomanus PT, Thuwajit C. Public neoantigens in breast cancer immunotherapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:65. [PMID: 38904202 PMCID: PMC11188978 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Among women globally, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and the leading cause of cancer‑related death. Interestingly, though genetic mutations contribute to the disease, <15% of women diagnosed with breast cancer have a family history of the disease, suggesting a prevalence of sporadic genetic mutations in breast cancer development. In the rapidly rising field of cancer genomics, neoantigen‑based immunotherapy has come to the fore. The investigation of novel proteins arising from unique somatic mutations or neoantigens have opened a new pathway for both individualized and public cancer treatments. Because they are shared among individuals with similar genetic changes, public neoantigens provide an opportunity for 'off‑the‑shelf' anticancer therapies, potentially extending the benefits to a wider patient group. The present review aimed to highlight the role of shared or public neoantigens as therapeutic targets for patients with breast cancer, emphasizing common hotspot mutations of certain genes identified in breast cancer. The clinical utilization of public neoantigen‑based therapies for breast cancer treatment were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthaporn Sueangoen
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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2
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Chauhan S, Jaiswal S, Jakhmola V, Singh B, Bhattacharya S, Garg M, Sengupta S. Potential role of p53 deregulation in modulating immune responses in human malignancies: A paradigm to develop immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216766. [PMID: 38408603 PMCID: PMC7615729 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The crucial role played by the oncogenic expression of TP53, stemming from mutation or amyloid formation, in various human malignancies has been extensively studied over the past two decades. Interestingly, the potential role of TP53 as a crucial player in modulating immune responses has provided new insight into the field of cancer biology. The loss of p53's transcriptional functions and/or the acquisition of tumorigenic properties can efficiently modulate the recruitment and functions of myeloid and lymphoid cells, ultimately leading to the evasion of immune responses in human tumors. Consequently, the oncogenic nature of the tumor suppressor p53 can dynamically alter the function of immune cells, providing support for tumor progression and metastasis. This review comprehensively explores the dual role of p53 as both the guardian of the genome and an oncogenic driver, especially in the context of regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, the tumor microenvironment, immune cells, innate immunity, and adaptive immune responses. Additionally, the focus of this review centers on how p53 status in the immune response can be harnessed for the development of tailored therapeutic strategies and their potential application in immunotherapy against human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivi Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India
| | - Shivani Jaiswal
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India
| | - Vibhuti Jakhmola
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India
| | - Bhavana Singh
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India
| | - Sujata Bhattacharya
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India.
| | - Shinjinee Sengupta
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noda, 201313, India.
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3
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Wu T, Chen Y, You Q, Jiang Z, Chen X. Targeting bromodomian-containing protein 8 (BRD8): An advanced tool to interrogate BRD8. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116271. [PMID: 38401187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications play crucial roles in physiological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and death. Bromodomain/Brd-containing proteins (BCPs) regulate abnormal gene expression in various diseases by recognizing the lysine-ε-N-acetylated residues (KAc) or by acting as transcriptional co-activators. Small molecule inhibitors targeting BCPs offer an attractive strategy for modulating aberrant gene expression. Besides the extensive research on the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) domain family proteins, the non-BET proteins have gained increasing attention. Bromodomain containing protein 8 (BRD8), a reader of KAc and co-activator of nuclear receptors (NRs), plays a key role in various cancers. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the structure, disease-related functions, and inhibitor development of BRD8. Opportunities and challenges for future studies targeting BRD8 in disease treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xuetao Chen
- Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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4
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Zhong X, Deng Y, Yang H, Du X, Liu P, Du Y. Role of autophagy in skin photoaging: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37178. [PMID: 38394552 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As the largest organ of the human body, the skin serves as the primary barrier against external damage. The continuous increase in human activities and environmental pollution has resulted in the ongoing depletion of the ozone layer. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation enhances the impact of external factors on the skin, leading to photoaging. Photoaging causes physical and psychological damage to the human body. The prevention and management of photoaging have attracted increased attention in recent years. Despite significant progress in understanding and mitigating UV-induced photoaging, the precise mechanisms through which autophagy contributes to the prevention of photoaging remain unclear. Given the important role of autophagy in repairing UV-induced DNA damage and scavenging oxidized lipids, autophagy is considered a novel strategy for preventing the occurrence of photoaging and other UV light-induced skin diseases. This review aims to elucidate the biochemical and clinical features of photoaging, the relationship of skin photoaging and chronological aging, the mechanisms underlying skin photoaging and autophagy, and the role of autophagy in skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Zhong
- Medical Cosmetic Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang C, Liu X, Zhou J, Zhang Q. The Role of Sensory Nerves in Dental Pulp Homeostasis: Histological Changes and Cellular Consequences after Sensory Denervation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1126. [PMID: 38256202 PMCID: PMC10815945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic maintenance is essential for pulp function. Disrupting pulp homeostasis may lead to pulp degeneration, such as fibrosis and calcifications. Sensory nerves constitute a crucial component of the dental pulp. However, the precise involvement of sensory nerves in pulp homeostasis remains uncertain. In this study, we observed the short-term and long-term histological changes in the dental pulp after inferior alveolar nerve transection. Additionally, we cultured primary dental pulp cells (DPCs) from the innervated and denervated groups and compared indicators of cellular senescence and cellular function. The results revealed that pulp fibrosis occurred at 2 w after the operation. Furthermore, the pulp area, as well as the height and width of the pulp cavity, showed accelerated reductions after sensory denervation. Notably, the pulp area at 16 w after the operation was comparable to that of 56 w old rats. Sensory denervation induced excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and increased predisposition to mineralization. Furthermore, sensory denervation promoted the senescence of DPCs. Denervated DPCs exhibited decelerated cell proliferation, arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, imbalance in the synthesis and degradation of ECM, and enhanced mineralization. These findings indicate that sensory nerves play an essential role in pulp homeostasis maintenance and dental pulp cell fate decisions, which may provide novel insights into the prevention of pulp degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Yanchang Middle Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai 200072, China
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Guo C, Sharp A, Gurel B, Crespo M, Figueiredo I, Jain S, Vogl U, Rekowski J, Rouhifard M, Gallagher L, Yuan W, Carreira S, Chandran K, Paschalis A, Colombo I, Stathis A, Bertan C, Seed G, Goodall J, Raynaud F, Ruddle R, Swales KE, Malia J, Bogdan D, Tiu C, Caldwell R, Aversa C, Ferreira A, Neeb A, Tunariu N, Westaby D, Carmichael J, Fenor de la Maza MD, Yap C, Matthews R, Badham H, Prout T, Turner A, Parmar M, Tovey H, Riisnaes R, Flohr P, Gil J, Waugh D, Decordova S, Schlag A, Calì B, Alimonti A, de Bono JS. Targeting myeloid chemotaxis to reverse prostate cancer therapy resistance. Nature 2023; 623:1053-1061. [PMID: 37844613 PMCID: PMC10686834 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer1. In patients with cancer, peripheral blood myeloid expansion, indicated by a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, associates with shorter survival and treatment resistance across malignancies and therapeutic modalities2-5. Whether myeloid inflammation drives progression of prostate cancer in humans remain unclear. Here we show that inhibition of myeloid chemotaxis can reduce tumour-elicited myeloid inflammation and reverse therapy resistance in a subset of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We show that a higher blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio reflects tumour myeloid infiltration and tumour expression of senescence-associated mRNA species, including those that encode myeloid-chemoattracting CXCR2 ligands. To determine whether myeloid cells fuel resistance to androgen receptor signalling inhibitors, and whether inhibiting CXCR2 to block myeloid chemotaxis reverses this, we conducted an investigator-initiated, proof-of-concept clinical trial of a CXCR2 inhibitor (AZD5069) plus enzalutamide in patients with metastatic CRPC that is resistant to androgen receptor signalling inhibitors. This combination was well tolerated without dose-limiting toxicity and it decreased circulating neutrophil levels, reduced intratumour CD11b+HLA-DRloCD15+CD14- myeloid cell infiltration and imparted durable clinical benefit with biochemical and radiological responses in a subset of patients with metastatic CRPC. This study provides clinical evidence that senescence-associated myeloid inflammation can fuel metastatic CRPC progression and resistance to androgen receptor blockade. Targeting myeloid chemotaxis merits broader evaluation in other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Guo
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Adam Sharp
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Bora Gurel
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | | | - Suneil Jain
- Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast, UK
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ursula Vogl
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Wei Yuan
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Khobe Chandran
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alec Paschalis
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ilaria Colombo
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - George Seed
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | | | - Ruth Ruddle
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Jason Malia
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Crescens Tiu
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Antje Neeb
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Nina Tunariu
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Daniel Westaby
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Juliet Carmichael
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Toby Prout
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Mona Parmar
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Holly Tovey
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Penny Flohr
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jesus Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David Waugh
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Anna Schlag
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Bianca Calì
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Johann S de Bono
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Chowdhury SG, Misra S, Karmakar P. Understanding the Impact of Obesity on Ageing in the Radiance of DNA Metabolism. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:314-328. [PMID: 37248755 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a multi-factorial phenomenon which is considered as a major risk factor for the development of neurodegeneration, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, dementia, cancer, and other chronic diseases. Phenotypically, ageing is related with a combination of molecular, cellular, and physiological levels like genomic and epi-genomic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulation of cellular and subcellular function and mitochondrial dysfunction. Though, no single molecular mechanism accounts for the functional decline of different organ systems in older humans but accumulation of DNA damage or mutations is a dominant theory which contributes largely to the development of ageing and age-related diseases. However, mechanistic, and hierarchical order of these features of ageing has not been clarified yet. Scientific community now focus on the effect of obesity on accelerated ageing process. Obesity is a complex chronic disease that affects multiple organs and tissues. It can not only lead to various health conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease but also can decrease life expectancy which shows similar phenotype of ageing. Higher loads of DNA damage were also observed in the genome of obese people. Thus, inability of DNA damage repair may contribute to both ageing and obesity apart from cancer predisposition. The present review emphasizes on the involvement of molecular phenomenon of DNA metabolism in development of obesity and how it accelerates ageing in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Chowdhury
- Parimal Karmakar, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
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8
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Sun L, Liu Z, Ning K, Wu Z, Chen Z, Wu Z, Yin X. Comprehensive Analysis of Cellular Senescence-Related Genes in Prognosis, Molecular Characterization and Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biol Proced Online 2022; 24:24. [PMID: 36536279 PMCID: PMC9761989 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-022-00187-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence is a tumor suppressive response in which the cell cycle is in a state of permanent arrest and can inhibit tumor cell proliferation. In recent years, induction of cellular senescence has been shown to be important for antitumor therapy, and the link between cellular senescence and clinical prognosis and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma is still unknown. METHODS We performed enrichment analysis of genes in three cellular senescence gene sets, screened for gene sets significantly enriched in hepatocellular carcinoma and extracted genes from them. Signature were constructed using senescence-related genes, and their expression was verified at the protein and RNA levels. Survival, clinical staging and grading, immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity were also analyzed between risk groups. RESULTS The q-PCR and immunohistochemistry results revealed significant differences in the expression of the signature genes between normal and tumor tissues. Significant differences in clinicopathological features, prognosis and immune infiltration were observed between risk groups. In the low-risk group, better OS and lower TMB scores were demonstrated, while the high-risk group had higher immune checkpoint expression, as well as lower risk of immune escape. In addition, we found that the High-risk group was more sensitive to sorafenib. CONCLUSION In summary, the signature constructed using aging-related genes can reliably predict patient prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy, providing a new idea for immune system therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zitao Liu
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Ning
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengyi Wu
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangbao Yin
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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9
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Lieschke E, Wang Z, Chang C, Weeden CE, Kelly GL, Strasser A. Flow cytometric single cell-based assay to simultaneously detect cell death, cell cycling, DNA content and cell senescence. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1004-1012. [PMID: 35264779 PMCID: PMC9091206 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death, cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence are three distinct cellular responses that can be induced by oncogene activation and diverse anti-cancer agents, and this often requires the action of the tumour suppressor TP53. Within a cell population, or even within an individual cell, these processes are not necessarily mutually exclusive. It is therefore important to measure all these processes simultaneously. However, current assays generally visualise only one or at best two responses, often only detecting the dominant one. Here, we present a novel flow cytometric assay that allows simultaneous assessment of cell viability and cell cycling through measurement of DNA content and DNA synthesis, and markers of cell senescence at the single cell level. We demonstrate that this assay can be performed on both human and murine cells, that are either cancerous or non-transformed, and can help to dissect complex cell fate decisions. We believe that this experimental tool will be useful for the study of diverse biological processes.
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Nutrition Interventions of Herbal Compounds on Cellular Senescence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1059257. [PMID: 35528514 PMCID: PMC9068308 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1059257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
When cells undergo large-scale senescence, organ aging ensues, resulting in irreversible organ pathology and organismal aging. The study of senescence in cells provides an important avenue to understand the factors that influence aging and can be used as one of the useful tools for examining age-related human diseases. At present, many herbal compounds have shown effects on delaying cell senescence. This review summarizes the main characteristics and mechanisms of cell senescence, age-related diseases, and the recent progress on the natural products targeting cellular senescence, with the aim of providing insights to aid the clinical management of age-related diseases.
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Xu P, Wang M, Song WM, Wang Q, Yuan GC, Sudmant PH, Zare H, Tu Z, Orr ME, Zhang B. The landscape of human tissue and cell type specific expression and co-regulation of senescence genes. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:5. [PMID: 35000600 PMCID: PMC8744330 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence is a complex stress response that impacts cellular function and organismal health. Multiple developmental and environmental factors, such as intrinsic cellular cues, radiation, oxidative stress, oncogenes, and protein accumulation, activate genes and pathways that can lead to senescence. Enormous efforts have been made to identify and characterize senescence genes (SnGs) in stress and disease systems. However, the prevalence of senescent cells in healthy human tissues and the global SnG expression signature in different cell types are poorly understood. METHODS This study performed an integrative gene network analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data in non-diseased human tissues to investigate SnG co-expression signatures and their cell-type specificity. RESULTS Through a comprehensive transcriptomic network analysis of 50 human tissues in the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) cohort, we identified SnG-enriched gene modules, characterized SnG co-expression patterns, and constructed aggregated SnG networks across primary tissues of the human body. Our network approaches identified 51 SnGs highly conserved across the human tissues, including CDKN1A (p21)-centered regulators that control cell cycle progression and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SnG-enriched modules showed remarkable cell-type specificity, especially in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Further analyses of single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic data independently validated the cell-type specific SnG signatures predicted by the network analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study systematically revealed the co-regulated organizations and cell type specificity of SnGs in major human tissues, which can serve as a blueprint for future studies to map senescent cells and their cellular interactions in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Peter H. Sudmant
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Habil Zare
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Miranda E. Orr
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
- Salisbury VA Medical Center, Salisbury, NC 28144 USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
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12
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Glioblastoma Therapy: Rationale for a Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Vehicle to Carry Recombinant Viruses. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:523-543. [PMID: 34319509 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10207-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evasion of growth suppression is among the prominent hallmarks of cancer. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and p53 tumor-suppressive pathways are compromised in most human cancers, including glioblastoma (GB). Hence, these signaling pathways are an ideal point of focus for novel cancer therapeutics. Recombinant viruses can selectivity kill cancer cells and carry therapeutic genes to tumors. Specifically, oncolytic viruses (OV) have been successfully employed for gene delivery in GB animal models and showed potential to neutralize immunosuppression at the tumor site. However, the associated systemic immunogenicity, inefficient transduction of GB cells, and inadequate distribution to metastatic tumors have been the major bottlenecks in clinical studies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with tumor-tropic properties and immune privilege, can improve OVs targeting. Remarkably, combining the two approaches can address their individual issues. Herein, we summarize findings to advocate the reactivation of tumor suppressors p53 and PTEN in GB treatment and use MSCs as a "Trojan horse" to carry oncolytic viral cargo to disseminated tumor beds. The integration of MSCs and OVs can emerge as the new paradigm in cancer treatment.
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13
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Cui X, Pan G, Chen Y, Guo X, Liu T, Zhang J, Yang X, Cheng M, Gao H, Jiang F. The p53 pathway in vasculature revisited: A therapeutic target for pathological vascular remodeling? Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105683. [PMID: 34019981 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathological vascular remodeling contributes to the development of restenosis following intraluminal interventions, transplant vasculopathy, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Activation of the tumor suppressor p53 may counteract vascular remodeling by inhibiting aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and repressing vascular inflammation. In particular, the development of different lines of small-molecule p53 activators ignites the hope of treating remodeling-associated vascular diseases by targeting p53 pharmacologically. In this review, we discuss the relationships between p53 and pathological vascular remodeling, and summarize current experimental data suggesting that drugging the p53 pathway may represent a novel strategy to prevent the development of vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guopin Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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14
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Monserrat J, Morales Torres C, Richardson L, Wilson TS, Patel H, Domart MC, Horswell S, Song OR, Jiang M, Crawford M, Bui M, Dalal Y, Scaffidi P. Disruption of the MSL complex inhibits tumour maintenance by exacerbating chromosomal instability. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:401-412. [PMID: 33837287 PMCID: PMC7610593 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rewiring of cellular programmes in malignant cells generates cancer-specific vulnerabilities. Here, using an unbiased screening strategy aimed at identifying non-essential genes required by tumour cells to sustain unlimited proliferative capacity, we identify the male-specific lethal (MSL) acetyltransferase complex as a vulnerability of genetically unstable cancers. We find that disruption of the MSL complex and consequent loss of the associated H4K16ac mark do not substantially alter transcriptional programmes but compromise chromosome integrity and promote chromosomal instability (CIN) that progressively exhausts the proliferative potential of cancer cells through a p53-independent mechanism. This effect is dependent on pre-existing genomic instability, and normal cells are insensitive to MSL disruption. Using cell- and patient-derived xenografts from multiple cancer types, we show that excessive CIN induced by MSL disruption inhibits tumour maintenance. Our findings suggest that targeting MSL may be a valuable means to increase CIN beyond the level tolerated by cancer cells without inducing severe adverse effects in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Monserrat
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Harshil Patel
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Stuart Horswell
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ok-Ryul Song
- High Throughput Screening, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ming Jiang
- High Throughput Screening, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Minh Bui
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yamini Dalal
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paola Scaffidi
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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15
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Jeffery D, Gatto A, Podsypanina K, Renaud-Pageot C, Ponce Landete R, Bonneville L, Dumont M, Fachinetti D, Almouzni G. CENP-A overexpression promotes distinct fates in human cells, depending on p53 status. Commun Biol 2021; 4:417. [PMID: 33772115 PMCID: PMC7997993 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour evolution is driven by both genetic and epigenetic changes. CENP-A, the centromeric histone H3 variant, is an epigenetic mark that directly perturbs genetic stability and chromatin when overexpressed. Although CENP-A overexpression is a common feature of many cancers, how this impacts cell fate and response to therapy remains unclear. Here, we established a tunable system of inducible and reversible CENP-A overexpression combined with a switch in p53 status in human cell lines. Through clonogenic survival assays, single-cell RNA-sequencing and cell trajectory analysis, we uncover the tumour suppressor p53 as a key determinant of how CENP-A impacts cell state, cell identity and therapeutic response. If p53 is functional, CENP-A overexpression promotes senescence and radiosensitivity. Surprisingly, when we inactivate p53, CENP-A overexpression instead promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, an essential process in mammalian development but also a precursor for tumour cell invasion and metastasis. Thus, we uncover an unanticipated function of CENP-A overexpression to promote cell fate reprogramming, with important implications for development and tumour evolution.
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Grants
- Ligue Contre le Cancer
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)
- Université de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL Research University)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Center for Scientific Research)
- Institut Curie
- AG, CRP, DJ, KP, LB, RPL and GA were supported by la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Equipe labellisée Ligue), Labex DEEP (ANR-11-LABX-0044_DEEP, ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02), PSL, ERC-2015-ADG-694694 ChromADICT and ANR-16-CE12-0024 CHIFT. Funding for RPL provided by Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Initial Training Network “EpiSyStem” (grant number 765966). Individual funding was also provided to DJ from la Fondation ARC pour la recherche sur le cancer (“Aides individuelles” 3 years, post-doc), and to AG from the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions grant agreement 798106 “REPLICHROM4D”). DF receives salary support from the Centre Nationale de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). MD receives salary support from the City of Paris via Emergence(s) 2018 of DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jeffery
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Gatto
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Katrina Podsypanina
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Charlène Renaud-Pageot
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Rebeca Ponce Landete
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Lorraine Bonneville
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Marie Dumont
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Sorbonne Université, Cell Biology and Cancer Unit, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Fachinetti
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Sorbonne Université, Cell Biology and Cancer Unit, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Almouzni
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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16
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Ma L, Liu Q, Tian M, Tian X, Gao L. Mechanisms of melatonin in anti-aging and its regulation effects in radiation-induced premature senescence. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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17
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Pan M, Blattner C. Regulation of p53 by E3s. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:745. [PMID: 33670160 PMCID: PMC7916862 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 40 years of research on p53 have given us tremendous knowledge about this protein. Today we know that p53 plays a role in different biological processes such as proliferation, invasion, pluripotency, metabolism, cell cycle control, ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, apoptosis, inflammation and autophagy. In the nucleus, p53 functions as a bona-fide transcription factor which activates and represses transcription of a number of target genes. In the cytoplasm, p53 can interact with proteins of the apoptotic machinery and by this also induces cell death. Despite being so important for the fate of the cell, expression levels of p53 are kept low in unstressed cells and the protein is largely inactive. The reason for the low expression level is that p53 is efficiently degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the vast inactivity of the tumor suppressor protein under normal growth conditions is due to the absence of activating and the presence of inactivating posttranslational modifications. E3s are important enzymes for these processes as they decorate p53 with ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-like proteins and by this control p53 degradation, stability and its subcellular localization. In this review, we provide an overview about E3s that target p53 and discuss the connection between p53, E3s and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Blattner
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, PO-box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany;
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18
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Moiseeva O, Guillon J, Ferbeyre G. Senescence: A program in the road to cell elimination and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 81:48-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Wang Z, Gao J, Liu H, Ohno Y, Xu C. Targeting senescent cells and tumor therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1603-1610. [PMID: 33000195 PMCID: PMC7521582 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is caused by the activation of cell cycle inhibition pathways induced by an accumulation of cellular damage, where cells permanently leave the cell cycle. Senescent cells undergo changes in cell morphology, transcription, protein homeostasis, metabolism and other characteristic alterations. At the same time, senescent cells are able to resist apoptosis and accumulate in multiple organs and tissues in vivo. Senescent cells are capable of activating inflammatory factor secretion pathways, generating local, non-infectious inflammatory microenvironments within tissues, leading to organ degeneration and the development of aging-associated diseases. A large number of recently published studies have demonstrated that removing senescent cells from the body delays the occurrence of various aging-associated diseases. Therefore, the targeted killing of senescent cells potentially has important clinical applications in the treatment of various aging-associated diseases, aiming to improve the life span of patients. The present review summarizes recent progress that has been made in the field of senescent cell clearance and various anti-aging strategies. The history of cell senescence research is briefly reviewed, along with the association between cell senescence and tumor therapy. Furthermore, the potential of senescent cells to be used as therapeutic targets in various senescence-associated diseases is primarily discussed, and the limitations, as well as the future prospects of this line of research, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Gao
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Haiou Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yuko Ohno
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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20
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Du J, Zhang L, Ma H, Wang Y, Wang P. Lidocaine Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Aerobic Glycolysis by Regulating circHOMER1/miR-138-5p/HEY1 Axis in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5009-5022. [PMID: 32612388 PMCID: PMC7323806 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s244973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has uncovered the anticancer activity of lidocaine in many cancers. However, the role and the underlying molecular mechanism of lidocaine in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poorly understood. Materials and Methods Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the protein of p53, CyclinD1, Pro-caspase-3, Cleaved-caspase-3, Pro-caspase-9, Cleaved-caspase-9, and hes-related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1 (HEY1). Glycolytic metabolism was calculated by measuring the glucose consumption, lactate production and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents. The expression of circRNA homer scaffold protein 1 (circHOMER1), microRNA (miR)-138-5p and HEY1 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The interaction between miR-138-5p and circHOMER1 or HEY1 was analyzed using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vivo experiments were performed using the murine xenograft model. Results Lidocaine suppressed CRC cell viability and aerobic glycolysis but promoted cell apoptosis in vitro as well as hindered tumor growth in vivo. CircHOMER1 was elevated in CRC tissues and cells, while lidocaine decreased circHOMER1 expression in CRC cells. Additionally, circHOMER1 overexpression reversed the anti-tumor activity of lidocaine in CRC cells. miR-138-5p was confirmed to interact with circHOMER1 and HEY1 in CRC cells directly, and circHOMER1 regulated HEY1 expression through repressing miR-138-5p expression. Besides, rescue assay indicated the anti-tumor activity mediated by lidocaine could be regulated by circHOMER1/miR-138-5p/HEY1 axis. Conclusion Lidocaine mediated CRC cell viability loss, apoptosis induction and aerobic glycolysis inhibition by regulating circHOMER1/miR-138-5p/HEY1 axis, providing a novel treatment option for lidocaine to prevent the progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhong Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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21
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Pitolli C, Wang Y, Candi E, Shi Y, Melino G, Amelio I. p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression: DNA-Damage Response and Alternative Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1983. [PMID: 31835405 PMCID: PMC6966539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 regulates different cellular pathways involved in cell survival, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence. However, according to an increasing number of studies, the p53-mediated canonical DNA damage response is dispensable for tumor suppression. p53 is involved in mechanisms regulating many other cellular processes, including metabolism, autophagy, and cell migration and invasion, and these pathways might crucially contribute to its tumor suppressor function. In this review we summarize the canonical and non-canonical functions of p53 in an attempt to provide an overview of the potentially crucial aspects related to its tumor suppressor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Pitolli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (C.P.); (E.C.); (G.M.)
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (C.P.); (E.C.); (G.M.)
- IDI-IRCCS, Biochemistry Laboratory, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (C.P.); (E.C.); (G.M.)
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (C.P.); (E.C.); (G.M.)
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
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22
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Fujita K. p53 Isoforms in Cellular Senescence- and Ageing-Associated Biological and Physiological Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236023. [PMID: 31795382 PMCID: PMC6928910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a term originally used to define the characteristics of normal human fibroblasts that reached their replicative limit, is an important factor for ageing, age-related diseases including cancer, and cell reprogramming. These outcomes are mediated by senescence-associated changes in gene expressions, which sometimes lead to the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, or senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that contribute to paradoxical pro-tumorigenic effects. p53 functions as a transcription factor in cell-autonomous responses such as cell-cycle control, DNA repair, apoptosis, and cellular senescence, and also non-cell-autonomous responses to DNA damage by mediating the SASP function of immune system activation. The human TP53 gene encodes twelve protein isoforms, which provides an explanation for the pleiotropic p53 function on cellular senescence. Recent reports suggest that some short isoforms of p53 may modulate gene expressions in a full-length p53-dependent and -independent manner, in other words, some p53 isoforms cooperate with full-length p53, whereas others operate independently. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the biological activities and functions of p53 isoforms, especially Δ40p53, Δ133p53α, and p53β, on cellular senescence, ageing, age-related disorder, reprogramming, and cancer. Numerous cellular and animal model studies indicate that an unbalance in p53 isoform expression in specific cell types causes age-related disorders such as cancer, premature ageing, and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Fujita
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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23
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Brattås MK, Reikvam H, Tvedt THA, Bruserud Ø. Precision medicine for TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2019.1644164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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24
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Han PZ, Cao DH, Zhang XL, Ren ZJ, Wei Q. Association between TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16135. [PMID: 31232967 PMCID: PMC6636943 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53 gene polymorphism could increase risks of several kinds of cancer. But it remained controversial whether TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility to prostate cancer. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis that evaluated the association between TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk. METHOD A comprehensive research was performed from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to December 31, 2018. A random effect model was used to evaluate the effect of the outcome. The statistical analyses were performed with Review Manager 5.3.0 and Stata 14.0. The sensitivity analysis and publication bias tests were also performed to confirm the reliability of this meta-analysis. RESULTS 22 studies included 3146 cases and 4010 controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Overall, no association was observed between TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism and prostate cancer risk (Arg vs Pro: odds ratio [OR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-1.30; ArgArg vs ProPro: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.90-1.75; ProPro vs ArgArg+ ArgPro: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.86-1.57; ArgPro+ ProPro vs ArgArg: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.97-1.51). Subgroup analyses, based on ethnicity, source of control and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) status, showed consistent results. CONCLUSION The meta-analysis we performed showed that there was no association of TP53 gene codon72 polymorphism with prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De-Hong Cao
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology
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Regulatory mechanisms of miR-145 expression and the importance of its function in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:195-207. [PMID: 30396077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional mediators of gene expression and regulation, which play influential roles in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. The expression of tumor suppressor miR-145 is reduced in various cancer cell lines, containing both solid tumors and blood malignancies. However, the responsible mechanisms of its down-regulation are a complicated network. miR-145 is potentially able to inhbit tumor cell metastasis by targeting of multiple oncogenes, including MUC1, FSCN1, Vimentin, Cadherin, Fibronectin, Metadherin, GOLM1, ARF6, SMAD3, MMP11, Snail1, ZEB1/2, HIF-1α and Rock-1. This distinctive role of miR-145 in the regulation of metastasis-related gene expression may introduce miR-145 as an ideal candidate for controlling of cancer metastasis by miRNA replacement therapy. The present review aims to discuss the current understanding of the different aspects of molecular mechanisms of miR-145 regulation as well as its role in r metastasis regulation.
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Ou Y, Zhou Y, Liang S, Wang Y. Sclerostin promotes human dental pulp cells senescence. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5808. [PMID: 30356963 PMCID: PMC6195797 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Senescence-related impairment of proliferation and differentiation limits the use of dental pulp cells for tissue regeneration. Deletion of sclerostin improves the dentinogenesis regeneration, while its role in dental pulp senescence is unclear. We investigated the role of sclerostin in subculture-induced senescence of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and in the senescence-related decline of proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation. Methods Immunohistochemical staining and qRT-PCR analyses were performed to examine the expression pattern of sclerostin in young (20–30-year-old) and senescent (45–80-year-old) dental pulps. HDPCs were serially subcultured until senescence, and the expression of sclerostin was examined by qRT-PCR analysis. HDPCs with sclerostin overexpression and knockdown were constructed to investigate the role of sclerostin in HDPCs senescence and senescence-related impairment of odontoblastic differentiation potential. Results By immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR, we found a significantly increased expression level of sclerostin in senescent human dental pulp compared with that of young human dental pulp. Additionally, elevated sclerostin expression was found in subculture-induced senescent HDPCs in vitro. By sclerostin overexpression and knockdown, we found that sclerostin promoted HDPCs senescence-related decline of proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation potential with increased expression of p16, p53 and p21 and downregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Discussion The increased expression of sclerostin is responsible for the decline of proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation potential of HDPCs during cellular senescence. Anti-sclerostin treatment may be beneficial for the maintenance of the proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation potentials of HDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Ou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yining Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Liu XL, Ding J, Meng LH. Oncogene-induced senescence: a double edged sword in cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1553-1558. [PMID: 29620049 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced cellular senescence (OIS) is a complex program that is triggered in response to aberrant activation of oncogenic signaling. Initially, OIS was thought to be a barrier to malignant transformation because of its suppression on cell proliferation. Later studies showed that senescence induced by oncogenes can also promote the initiation and development of cancer. The opposing effects of OIS occur through different combinations of downstream effectors as well as the interplay of senescent cells and the microenvironment, such as senescence-associated inflammation. Here, we review the common features and molecular mechanisms underlying OIS and the interaction between senescent cells and the microenvironment. We propose that targeting senescent cells may have a beneficial therapeutic effect during the treatment of cancer.
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Chan KK, Wong OGW, Wong ESY, Chan KKL, Ip PPC, Tse KY, Cheung ANY. Impact of iASPP on chemoresistance through PLK1 and autophagy in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1456-1469. [PMID: 29663364 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a type of epithelial ovarian cancer that is strongly associated with endometriosis, resistance against conventional chemotherapy and thus poorer prognosis. The expression of inhibitory member of the ASPP family proteins (iASPP) and Polo-like kinase (PLK)1 were significantly higher in OCCC compared to benign cystadenomas and endometriosis. Both protein expressions were found to correlate with chemoresistance in patients with OCCC while high iASPP expression alone was significantly associated with a poor patient survival. The growth of OCCC cell lines, OVTOKO and KK, were inhibited after iASPP silencing. Such effect was related to senescence triggering as evidenced by increased SA-β-Gal staining and p21WAF1/Cip1 expression. Moreover, knockdown of iASPP induced PLK1 downregulation, whereas either genes' silencing sensitized the cells in response to cisplatin treatment. More prominent apoptosis was induced by cisplatin in OCCC cells after the knockdown of either iASPP or PLK1 as evidenced by the formation of more cleaved caspase 3. Heightened chemosensitivity to cisplatin after iASPP knockdown was further demonstrated in in vivo xenograft model. Additionally, both iASPP and PLK1 were shown to regulate autophagic flux as the induction of LC3B-II and LC3 puncta were much less in OCCC cells with either knockdown. Importantly, inhibition of autophagy also enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin in OCCC cells. These findings strongly imply that iASPP and PLK1 affect the chemoresistance of OCCC via the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. Both iASPP and PLK1 can be potential therapeutic targets for treating OCCC in combination with conventional chemotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Autophagy
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Rate
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Kui Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Oscar Gee-Wan Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Esther Shuk-Ying Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Kar-Loen Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Pun-Ching Ip
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Yu Tse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
| | - Annie Nga-Yin Cheung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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29
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Zhan H, Xie H, Zhou Q, Liu Y, Huang W. Synthesizing a Genetic Sensor Based on CRISPR-Cas9 for Specifically Killing p53-Deficient Cancer Cells. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:1798-1807. [PMID: 29957992 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the greatest medical challenges in the world. The p53 protein plays an important role in the process of cancer formation. In addition, p53 is found as the most common mutant gene in cancers. Because of the central role of p53 in oncology, it is necessary to construct effective sensors to detect this protein. However, there are few methods to detect wild type p53 protein (WTP53) or to distinguish the wild type and mutant p53 proteins. In our study, we designed and constructed a p53 genetic sensor that detected the expression of WTP53 in cells. Moreover, we combined the p53 sensor with diphtheria toxin using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to construct a p53 genetic sensor that specifically killed p53-deficient cells such as tumor cells. Our study therefore developed a new way to treat cancers by using an available genetic sensor based on p53 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengji Zhan
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518039, China
| | - Haibiao Xie
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518039, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518039, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518039, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518039, China
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30
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Liu X, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Gao Y, Huo M, Liu M, Xiao Z, Liang S, Xu N, Zhu H. Inhibition of survivin enhances radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells by switching radiation-induced senescence to apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3087-3100. [PMID: 29872320 PMCID: PMC5975611 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s166798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Strategies to increase radiosensitivity are urgently needed. Combining radiosensitizing reagents with radiotherapy could improve the outcome of cancer treatment. Some preclinical studies showed that sepantronium bromide (YM155) could sensitize cancer cells to radiation by inhibiting the survivin protein. In this study, we try to investigate the function of YM155 on radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Materials and methods ESCC cell lines were treated with radiation and YM155, and the radiation efficacy was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay and clonogenic survival assay. Cell senescence was measured by senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay, fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Annexin V/propidium iodide assay, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase cleavage were used to detect apoptosis. KYSE150 xenografts model was used to test the efficacy of radiation combined with YM155. Results YM155 could inhibit the upregulation of survivin induced by radiation in all ESCC cell lines, but the efficacy of radiosensitization varied in different cell lines. Radiation-induced senescence in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells, and the combination with YM155 inhibited senescence and promoted apoptosis of ESCC cells, thereby enhancing radiosensitivity. Combination with YM155 and radiation delayed the growth of KYSE150 xenografts in nude mice by switching radiation-induced senescence to apoptosis. When p21 was inhibited in KYSE150 cells, radiation did not induce senescence, and the radiosensitization of YM155 was also attenuated. In KYSE510 and KYSE180 cells, radiation did not induce senescence, and YM155 could not enhance the radiosensitivity. Conclusion Our results suggest a new mechanism that YM155 might sensitize ESCC cells to radiation by switching radiation-induced senescence to apoptosis. The major determinant of radiosensitization by YM155 might be the induction of senescence by radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weina Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Huo
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zefen Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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31
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Sasaki S, Baba T, Muranaka H, Tanabe Y, Takahashi C, Matsugo S, Mukaida N. Involvement of Prokineticin 2-expressing Neutrophil Infiltration in 5-Fluorouracil-induced Aggravation of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Lung. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1515-1525. [PMID: 29643149 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy is used for human breast cancer patients, even after curative surgery of primary tumor, to prevent tumor recurrence primarily as a form of metastasis. However, anticancer drugs can accelerate metastasis in several mouse metastasis models. Hence, we examined the effects of postsurgical administration with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, on lung metastasis process, which developed after the resection of the primary tumor arising from the orthotopic injection of a mouse triple-negative breast cancer cell line, 4T1. Only 5-FU markedly increased the numbers and sizes of lung metastasis foci, with enhanced tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis as evidenced by increases in Ki67-positive cell numbers and CD31-positive areas, respectively. 5-FU-mediated augmented lung metastasis was associated with increases in intrapulmonary neutrophil numbers and expression of neutrophilic chemokines, Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 in tumor cells, with few effects on intrapulmonary T-cell or macrophage numbers. 5-FU enhanced Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 expression in 4T1 cells in a NFκB-dependent manner. Moreover, the administration of a neutrophil-depleting antibody or a Cxcr2 antagonist, SB225002, significantly attenuated 5-FU-mediated enhanced lung metastasis with depressed neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, infiltrating neutrophils and 4T1 cells abundantly expressed prokineticin-2 (Prok2) and its receptor, Prokr1, respectively. Finally, the administration of 5-FU after the resection of the primary tumor failed to augment lung metastasis in the mice receiving Prokr1-deleted 4T1 cells. Collectively, 5-FU can enhance lung metastasis by inducing tumor cells to produce Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, which induced the migration of neutrophils expressing Prok2 with a capacity to enhance 4T1 cell proliferation. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1515-25. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yamato Tanabe
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsugo
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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32
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Bisphenol A induces DSB-ATM-p53 signaling leading to cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, stress response, and estrogen release in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:1453-1469. [PMID: 29275510 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and/or epidemiological studies suggest that prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) may delay fetal lung development and maturation and increase the susceptibility to childhood respiratory disease. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In our previous study with cultured human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFLF), we demonstrated that 24-h exposure to 1 and 100 µM BPA increased GPR30 protein in the nuclear fraction. Exposure to 100 μM BPA had no effects on cell viability, but increased cytoplasmic expression of ERβ and release of GDF-15, as well as decreased release of IL-6, ET-1, and IP-10 through suppression of NFκB phosphorylation. By performing global gene expression and pathway analysis in this study, we identified molecular pathways, gene networks, and key molecules that were affected by 100, but not 0.01 and 1 µM BPA in HFLF. Using multiple genomic and proteomic tools, we confirmed these changes at both gene and protein levels. Our data suggest that 100 μM BPA increased CYP1B1 and HSD17B14 gene and protein expression and release of endogenous estradiol, which was associated with increased ROS production and DNA double-strand breaks, upregulation of genes and/or proteins in steroid synthesis and metabolism, and activation of Nrf2-regulated stress response pathways. In addition, BPA activated ATM-p53 signaling pathway, resulting in increased cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, senescence and autophagy, and decreased cell proliferation in HFLF. The results suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA at certain concentrations may affect fetal lung development and maturation, and thereby affecting susceptibility to childhood respiratory diseases.
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33
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Nacarelli T, Liu P, Zhang R. Epigenetic Basis of Cellular Senescence and Its Implications in Aging. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120343. [PMID: 29186801 PMCID: PMC5748661 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a tumor suppressive response that has become recognized as a major contributor of tissue aging. Senescent cells undergo a stable proliferative arrest that protects against neoplastic transformation, but acquire a secretory phenotype that has long-term deleterious effects. Studies are still unraveling the effector mechanisms that underlie these senescence responses with the goal to identify therapeutic interventions. Such effector mechanisms have been linked to the dramatic remodeling in the epigenetic and chromatin landscape that accompany cellular senescence. We discuss these senescence-associated epigenetic changes and their impact on the senescence phenotypes, notably the proliferative arrest and senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We also explore possible epigenetic targets to suppress the deleterious effects of senescent cells that contribute towards aging.
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Mircetic J, Dietrich A, Paszkowski-Rogacz M, Krause M, Buchholz F. Development of a genetic sensor that eliminates p53 deficient cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1463. [PMID: 29133879 PMCID: PMC5684360 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01688-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The TP53 gene fulfills a central role in protecting cells from genetic insult. Given this crucial role it might be surprising that p53 itself is not essential for cell survival. Indeed, TP53 is the single most mutated gene across different cancer types. Thus, both a theoretical and a question of significant practical applicability arise: can cells be programmed to make TP53 an essential gene? Here we present a genetic p53 sensor, in which the loss of p53 is coupled to the rise of HSV-TK expression. We show that the sensor can distinguish both p53 knockout and cells expressing a common TP53 cancer mutation from otherwise isogenic TP53 wild-type cells. Importantly, the system is sensitive enough to specifically target TP53 loss-of-function cells with the HSV-TK pro-drug Ganciclovir both in vitro and in vivo. Our work opens new ways to programming cell intrinsic transformation protection systems that rely on endogenous components. TP53 is mutated in many cancers, a system to detect and selectively eliminate p53 mutant cells is an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here, the authors present a genetic sensor that can detect p53 activity and is coupled to the thymidine kinase gene, which can activate the drug Ganciclovir, resulting in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovan Mircetic
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, UCC Section Medical Systems Biology, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Dietrich
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maciej Paszkowski-Rogacz
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, UCC Section Medical Systems Biology, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, UCC Section Medical Systems Biology, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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35
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Blocking the utilization of glucose induces the switch from senescence to apoptosis in pseudolaric acid B-treated human lung cancer cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017. [PMID: 28649131 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B (PAB), a diterpene acid isolated from the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi Gordon, exerts anti-tumor effects in several cancer cell lines. Our previous study showed that PAB mainly induced senescence via p53-p21 activation rather than apoptosis in suppression of the growth of human lung cancer A549 cells (p53 wild-type). In p53-null human lung cancer H1299 cells, however, PAB caused apoptosis without senescence. In this study we investigated what mechanism was responsible for the switch from senescence to apoptosis in PAB-treated human lung cancer cell lines. Senescent cells were examined by SA-β-gal staining. Glucose uptake and the apoptosis ratio were assessed using a FACScan flow cytometer. Commercial assay kits were used to measure the levels of ATP and lactate. Transfection of siRNA was used to knockdown the expression of p53 or p21. Western blot analysis was applied to measure the protein expression levels. In p53 wild-type A549 cells, PAB (20 μmol/L) caused senescence, and time-dependently increased glucose utilization; knockdown of p53 or p21 significantly decreased the uptake and metabolism of glucose but elevated PAB-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of glucose utilization using a glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG (1 mmol/L) significantly enhanced apoptosis induction. Similar results were observed in another p53 wild-type H460 cells treated with PAB. Opposite results were found in p53-null H1299 cells, where PAB time-dependently decreased glucose utilization, and induced only apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that PAB-induced senescence is associated with enhanced glucose utilization, and lower glucose utilization might contribute to apoptosis induction. Thus, blocking glucose utilization contributes to the switch from senescence to apoptosis, and p53 plays an important role in this process.
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