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Teque F, Wegehaupt A, Roufs E, Killian MS. CD8+ Lymphocytes from Healthy Blood Donors Secrete Antiviral Levels of Interferon-Alpha. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040894. [PMID: 37112874 PMCID: PMC10144965 DOI: 10.3390/v15040894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune response to viral infections features the antigen-driven expansion of CD8+ T cells. These cells are widely recognized for their cytolytic activity that is mediated through the secretion of cytokines such as perforin and granzymes. Less appreciated is their ability to secrete soluble factors that restrict virus replication without killing the infected cells. In this study we measured the ability of primary anti-CD3/28-stimulated CD8+ T cells from healthy blood donors to secrete interferon-alpha. Supernatants collected from CD8+ T cell cultures were screened for their ability to suppress HIV-1 replication in vitro and their interferon-alpha concentrations were measured by ELISA. Interferon-alpha concentrations in the CD8+ T cell culture supernatants ranged from undetectable to 28.6 pg/mL. The anti-HIV-1 activity of the cell culture supernatants was observed to be dependent on the presence of interferon-alpha. Appreciable increases in the expression levels of type 1 interferon transcripts were observed following T cell receptor stimulation, suggesting that the secretion of interferon-alpha by CD8+ T cells is an antigen-driven response. In 42-plex cytokine assays, the cultures containing interferon-alpha were also found to contain elevated levels of GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-13, and TNF-alpha. Together, these results demonstrate that the secretion of anti-viral levels of interferon-alpha is a common function of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this CD8+ T cell function likely plays broader roles in health and disease.
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2
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Kramer KJ, Wilfong EM, Voss K, Barone SM, Shiakolas AR, Raju N, Roe CE, Suryadevara N, Walker LM, Wall SC, Paulo A, Schaefer S, Dahunsi D, Westlake CS, Crowe JE, Carnahan RH, Rathmell JC, Bonami RH, Georgiev IS, Irish JM. Single-cell profiling of the antigen-specific response to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3466. [PMID: 35710908 PMCID: PMC9201272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have proven critical to limiting COVID-19 disease severity and spread. Cellular mechanisms driving antigen-specific responses to these vaccines, however, remain uncertain. Here we identify and characterize antigen-specific cells and antibody responses to the RNA vaccine BNT162b2 using multiple single-cell technologies for in depth analysis of longitudinal samples from a cohort of healthy participants. Mass cytometry and unbiased machine learning pinpoint an expanding, population of antigen-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with characteristics of follicular or peripheral helper cells. B cell receptor sequencing suggest progression from IgM, with apparent cross-reactivity to endemic coronaviruses, to SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG memory B cells and plasmablasts. Responding lymphocyte populations correlate with eventual SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and a participant lacking these cell populations failed to sustain SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and experienced breakthrough infection. These integrated proteomic and genomic platforms identify an antigen-specific cellular basis of RNA vaccine-based immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Kramer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Erin M Wilfong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kelsey Voss
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sierra M Barone
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Andrea R Shiakolas
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Nagarajan Raju
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Caroline E Roe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Lauren M Walker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Steven C Wall
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ariana Paulo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Samuel Schaefer
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Debolanle Dahunsi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Camille S Westlake
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Program in Computational Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Program in Computational Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Rachel H Bonami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Program in Computational Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Ivelin S Georgiev
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Program in Computational Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Irish
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Program in Computational Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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3
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The Combined Expression of the Non-structural Protein NS1 and the N-Terminal Half of NS2 (NS2 1-180) by ChAdOx1 and MVA Confers Protection against Clinical Disease in Sheep upon Bluetongue Virus Challenge. J Virol 2021; 96:e0161421. [PMID: 34787454 PMCID: PMC8826911 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01614-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue, caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), is a widespread arthropod-borne disease of ruminants that entails a recurrent threat to the primary sector of developed and developing countries. In this work, we report modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and ChAdOx1-vectored vaccines designed to simultaneously express the immunogenic NS1 protein and/or NS2-Nt, the N-terminal half of protein NS2 (NS21-180). A single dose of MVA or ChAdOx1 expressing NS1-NS2-Nt improved the protection conferred by NS1 alone in IFNAR(-/-) mice. Moreover, mice immunized with ChAdOx1/MVA-NS1, ChAdOx1/MVA-NS2-Nt, or ChAdOx1/MVA-NS1-NS2-Nt developed strong cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell responses against NS1, NS2-Nt, or both proteins and were fully protected against a lethal infection with BTV serotypes 1, 4, and 8. Furthermore, although a single immunization with ChAdOx1-NS1-NS2-Nt partially protected sheep against BTV-4, the administration of a booster dose of MVA-NS1-NS2-Nt promoted a faster viral clearance, reduction of the period and level of viremia and also protected from the pathology produced by BTV infection. IMPORTANCE Current BTV vaccines are effective but they do not allow to distinguish between vaccinated and infected animals (DIVA strategy) and are serotype specific. In this work we have develop a DIVA multiserotype vaccination strategy based on adenoviral (ChAdOx1) and MVA vaccine vectors, the most widely used in current phase I and II clinical trials, and the conserved nonstructural BTV proteins NS1 and NS2. This immunization strategy solves the major drawbacks of the current marketed vaccines.
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4
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Single-Cell Profiling of the Antigen-Specific Response to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34341788 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.28.453981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are critical to limiting COVID-19 severity and spread. Cellular mechanisms driving antigen-specific responses to these vaccines, however, remain uncertain. We used single-cell technologies to identify and characterized antigen-specific cells and antibody responses to the RNA vaccine BNT162b2 in longitudinal samples from a cohort of healthy donors. Mass cytometry and machine learning pinpointed a novel expanding, population of antigen-specific non-canonical memory CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. B cell sequencing suggested progression from IgM, with apparent cross-reactivity to endemic coronaviruses, to SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG memory B cells and plasmablasts. Responding lymphocyte populations correlated with eventual SARS-CoV-2 IgG and a donor lacking these cell populations failed to sustain SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and experienced breakthrough infection. These integrated proteomic and genomic platforms reveal an antigen-specific cellular basis of RNA vaccine-based immunity. ONE SENTENCE SUMMARY Single-cell profiling reveals the cellular basis of the antigen-specific response to the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine.
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5
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Capone S, Brown A, Hartnell F, Sorbo MD, Traboni C, Vassilev V, Colloca S, Nicosia A, Cortese R, Folgori A, Klenerman P, Barnes E, Swadling L. Optimising T cell (re)boosting strategies for adenoviral and modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine regimens in humans. NPJ Vaccines 2020; 5:94. [PMID: 33083029 PMCID: PMC7550607 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-00240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simian adenoviral and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vectors used in heterologous prime-boost strategies are potent inducers of T cells against encoded antigens and are in advanced testing as vaccine carriers for a wide range of infectious agents and cancers. It is unclear if these responses can be further enhanced or sustained with reboosting strategies. Furthermore, despite the challenges involved in MVA manufacture dose de-escalation has not been performed in humans. In this study, healthy volunteers received chimpanzee-derived adenovirus-3 and MVA vaccines encoding the non-structural region of hepatitis C virus (ChAd3-NSmut/MVA-NSmut) 8 weeks apart. Volunteers were then reboosted with a second round of ChAd3-NSmut/MVA-NSmut or MVA-NSmut vaccines 8 weeks or 1-year later. We also determined the capacity of reduced doses of MVA-NSmut to boost ChAd3-NSmut primed T cells. Reboosting was safe, with no enhanced reactogenicity. Reboosting after an 8-week interval led to minimal re-expansion of transgene-specific T cells. However, after a longer interval, T cell responses expanded efficiently and memory responses were enhanced. The 8-week interval regimen induced a higher percentage of terminally differentiated and effector memory T cells. Reboosting with MVA-NSmut alone was as effective as with ChAd3-NSmut/MVA-NSmut. A ten-fold lower dose of MVA (2 × 107pfu) induced high-magnitude, sustained, broad, and functional Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific T cell responses, equivalent to standard doses (2 × 108 pfu). Overall, we show that following Ad/MVA prime-boost vaccination reboosting is most effective after a prolonged interval and is productive with MVA alone. Importantly, we also show that a ten-fold lower dose of MVA is as potent in humans as the standard dose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Brown
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Cinzia Traboni
- ReiThera Srl, Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy.,Present Address: Nouscom Srl, Via di Castel Romano, 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Alfredo Nicosia
- Keires AG, Baumleingasse 18, CH 4051 Basel, Switzerland.,CEINGE, via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Paul Klenerman
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford NIHR BRC, and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford, UK.,The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor Barnes
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford NIHR BRC, and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford, UK.,The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leo Swadling
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Present Address: Rayne Institute, University College London, London, UK
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6
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RhCMV serostatus and vaccine adjuvant impact immunogenicity of RhCMV/SIV vaccines. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14056. [PMID: 32820216 PMCID: PMC7441386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) strain 68-1-vectored simian immunodeficiency virus (RhCMV/SIV) vaccines are associated with complete clearance of pathogenic SIV challenge virus, non-canonical major histocompatibility complex restriction, and absent antibody responses in recipients previously infected with wild-type RhCMV. This report presents the first investigation of RhCMV/SIV vaccines in RhCMV-seronegative macaques lacking anti-vector immunity. Fifty percent of rhesus macaques (RM) vaccinated with a combined RhCMV-Gag, -Env, and -Retanef (RTN) vaccine controlled pathogenic SIV challenge despite high peak viremia. However, kinetics of viral load control by vaccinated RM were considerably delayed compared to previous reports. Impact of a TLR5 agonist (flagellin; FliC) on vaccine efficacy and immunogenicity was also examined. An altered vaccine regimen containing an SIV Gag-FliC fusion antigen instead of Gag was significantly less immunogenic and resulted in reduced protection. Notably, RhCMV-Gag and RhCMV-Env vaccines elicited anti-Gag and anti-Env antibodies in RhCMV-seronegative RM, an unexpected contrast to vaccination of RhCMV-seropositive RM. These findings confirm that RhCMV-vectored SIV vaccines significantly protect against SIV pathogenesis. However, pre-existing vector immunity and a pro-inflammatory vaccine adjuvant may influence RhCMV/SIV vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. Future investigation of the impact of pre-existing anti-vector immune responses on protective immunity conferred by this vaccine platform is warranted.
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7
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Shacklett BL, Ferre AL, Kiniry BE. Defining T Cell Tissue Residency in Humans: Implications for HIV Pathogenesis and Vaccine Design. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020; 17:109-117. [PMID: 32052270 PMCID: PMC7072053 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-020-00481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recent literature defining tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) and discusses implications for HIV pathogenesis, vaccines, and eradication efforts. RECENT FINDINGS Investigations using animal models and human tissues have identified a TRM transcriptional profile and elucidated signals within the tissue microenvironment leading to TRM development and maintenance. TRM are major contributors to host response in infectious diseases and cancer; in addition, TRM contribute to pathogenic inflammation in a variety of settings. Although TRM are daunting to study in HIV infection, recent work has helped define their molecular signatures and effector functions and tested strategies for their mobilization. Exclusive reliance on blood sampling to gain an understanding of host immunity overlooks the contribution of TRM, which differ in significant ways from their counterparts in circulation. It is hoped that greater understanding of these cells will lead to novel approaches to prevent and/or eradicate HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Shacklett
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - April L Ferre
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Brenna E Kiniry
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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8
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Tsukamoto T. Gene Therapy Approaches to Functional Cure and Protection of Hematopoietic Potential in HIV Infection. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E114. [PMID: 30862061 PMCID: PMC6470728 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although current antiretroviral drug therapy can suppress the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a lifelong prescription is necessary to avoid viral rebound. The problem of persistent and ineradicable viral reservoirs in HIV-infected people continues to be a global threat. In addition, some HIV-infected patients do not experience sufficient T-cell immune restoration despite being aviremic during treatment. This is likely due to altered hematopoietic potential. To achieve the global eradication of HIV disease, a cure is needed. To this end, tremendous efforts have been made in the field of anti-HIV gene therapy. This review will discuss the concepts of HIV cure and relative viral attenuation and provide an overview of various gene therapy approaches aimed at a complete or functional HIV cure and protection of hematopoietic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Tsukamoto
- Department of Immunology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka 5898511, Japan.
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9
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Petitdemange C, Kasturi SP, Kozlowski PA, Nabi R, Quarnstrom CF, Reddy PBJ, Derdeyn CA, Spicer LM, Patel P, Legere T, Kovalenkov YO, Labranche CC, Villinger F, Tomai M, Vasilakos J, Haynes B, Kang CY, Gibbs JS, Yewdell JW, Barouch D, Wrammert J, Montefiori D, Hunter E, Amara RR, Masopust D, Pulendran B. Vaccine induction of antibodies and tissue-resident CD8+ T cells enhances protection against mucosal SHIV-infection in young macaques. JCI Insight 2019; 4:126047. [PMID: 30830870 PMCID: PMC6478416 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies and cytotoxic T cells represent 2 arms of host defense against pathogens. We hypothesized that vaccines that induce both high-magnitude CD8+ T cell responses and antibody responses might confer enhanced protection against HIV. To test this hypothesis, we immunized 3 groups of nonhuman primates: (a) Group 1, which includes sequential immunization regimen involving heterologous viral vectors (HVVs) comprising vesicular stomatitis virus, vaccinia virus, and adenovirus serotype 5-expressing SIVmac239 Gag; (b) Group 2, which includes immunization with a clade C HIV-1 envelope (Env) gp140 protein adjuvanted with nanoparticles containing a TLR7/8 agonist (3M-052); and (c) Group 3, which includes a combination of both regimens. Immunization with HVVs induced very high-magnitude Gag-specific CD8+ T cell responses in blood and tissue-resident CD8+ memory T cells in vaginal mucosa. Immunization with 3M-052 adjuvanted Env protein induced robust and persistent antibody responses and long-lasting innate responses. Despite similar antibody titers in Groups 2 and 3, there was enhanced protection in the younger animals in Group 3, against intravaginal infection with a heterologous SHIV strain. This protection correlated with the magnitude of the serum and vaginal Env-specific antibody titers on the day of challenge. Thus, vaccination strategies that induce both CD8+ T cell and antibody responses can confer enhanced protection against infection.
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MESH Headings
- AIDS Vaccines/administration & dosage
- AIDS Vaccines/immunology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage
- Genetic Vectors/immunology
- HIV Infections/blood
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Infections/prevention & control
- HIV Infections/virology
- HIV-1/immunology
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/administration & dosage
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/immunology
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Macaca mulatta
- Mucous Membrane/immunology
- Mucous Membrane/virology
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
- Stearic Acids/administration & dosage
- Stearic Acids/immunology
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccination/methods
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vagina/immunology
- Vagina/virology
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/administration & dosage
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Petitdemange
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sudhir Pai Kasturi
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Pamela A. Kozlowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rafiq Nabi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Clare F. Quarnstrom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Cynthia A. Derdeyn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory Vaccine Center, and Yerkes National Primate Research Center
| | - Lori M. Spicer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory Vaccine Center, and Yerkes National Primate Research Center
| | - Parin Patel
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Traci Legere
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Celia C. Labranche
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - François Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mark Tomai
- 3M Drug Delivery Systems, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Barton Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - C. Yong Kang
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James S. Gibbs
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Yewdell
- Cellular Biology Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dan Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jens Wrammert
- Emory Vaccine Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric Hunter
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rama R. Amara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Departments of Pathology, and Microbiology & Immunology, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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10
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Çuburu N, Kim R, Guittard GC, Thompson CD, Day PM, Hamm DE, Pang YYS, Graham BS, Lowy DR, Schiller JT. A Prime-Pull-Amplify Vaccination Strategy To Maximize Induction of Circulating and Genital-Resident Intraepithelial CD8 + Memory T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1250-1264. [PMID: 30635393 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent insight into the mechanisms of induction of tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8+ T cells (CD8+ TRM) enables the development of novel vaccine strategies against sexually transmitted infections. To maximize both systemic and genital intraepithelial CD8+ T cells against vaccine Ags, we assessed combinations of i.m. and intravaginal routes in heterologous prime-boost immunization regimens with unrelated viral vectors. Only i.m. prime followed by intravaginal boost induced concomitant strong systemic and intraepithelial genital-resident CD8+ T cell responses. Intravaginal boost with vectors expressing vaccine Ags was far superior to intravaginal instillation of CXCR3 chemokine receptor ligands or TLR 3, 7, and 9 agonists to recruit and increase the pool of cervicovaginal CD8+ TRM Transient Ag presentation increased trafficking of cognate and bystander circulating activated, but not naive, CD8+ T cells into the genital tract and induced in situ proliferation and differentiation of cognate CD8+ TRM Secondary genital CD8+ TRM were induced in the absence of CD4+ T cell help and shared a similar TCR repertoire with systemic CD8+ T cells. This prime-pull-amplify approach elicited systemic and genital CD8+ T cell responses against high-risk human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein and conferred CD8-mediated protection to a vaccinia virus genital challenge. These results underscore the importance of the delivery route of nonreplicating vectors in prime-boost immunization to shape the tissue distribution of CD8+ T cell responses. In this context, the importance of local Ag presentation to elicit genital CD8+ TRM provides a rationale to develop novel vaccines against sexually transmitted infections and to treat human papillomavirus neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Çuburu
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
| | - Rina Kim
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Geoffrey C Guittard
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cynthia D Thompson
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Patricia M Day
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David E Hamm
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA 98102; and
| | - Yuk-Ying S Pang
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Barney S Graham
- Viral Pathogenesis Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Douglas R Lowy
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - John T Schiller
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
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