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Yuan YG, Liu SZ, Farhab M, Lv MY, Zhang T, Cao SX. Genome editing: An insight into disease resistance, production efficiency, and biomedical applications in livestock. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:81. [PMID: 38709433 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
One of the primary concerns for the survival of the human species is the growing demand for food brought on by an increasing global population. New developments in genome-editing technology present promising opportunities for the growth of wholesome and prolific farm animals. Genome editing in large animals is used for a variety of purposes, including biotechnology to improve food production, animal health, and pest management, as well as the development of animal models for fundamental research and biomedicine. Genome editing entails modifying genetic material by removing, adding, or manipulating particular DNA sequences from a particular locus in a way that does not happen naturally. The three primary genome editors are CRISPR/Cas 9, TALENs, and ZFNs. Each of these enzymes is capable of precisely severing nuclear DNA at a predetermined location. One of the most effective inventions is base editing, which enables single base conversions without the requirement for a DNA double-strand break (DSB). As reliable methods for precise genome editing in studies involving animals, cytosine and adenine base editing are now well-established. Effective zygote editing with both cytosine and adenine base editors (ABE) has resulted in the production of animal models. Both base editors produced comparable outcomes for the precise editing of point mutations in somatic cells, advancing the field of gene therapy. This review focused on the principles, methods, recent developments, outstanding applications, the advantages and disadvantages of ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 base editors, and prime editing in diverse lab and farm animals. Additionally, we address the methodologies that can be used for gene regulation, base editing, and epigenetic alterations, as well as the significance of genome editing in animal models to better reflect real disease. We also look at methods designed to increase the effectiveness and precision of gene editing tools. Genome editing in large animals is used for a variety of purposes, including biotechnology to improve food production, animal health, and pest management, as well as the development of animal models for fundamental research and biomedicine. This review is an overview of the existing knowledge of the principles, methods, recent developments, outstanding applications, the advantages and disadvantages of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription-activator-like endonucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas 9), base editors and prime editing in diverse lab and farm animals, which will offer better and healthier products for the entire human race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Song-Zi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muhammad Farhab
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Yun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212499, China
| | - Shao-Xiao Cao
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Precision animal Breeding, Nanjing, 210014, China
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Wang X, Liu TX, Zhang Y, Xu LW, Yuan SL, Cui AL, Guo WW, Wang YF, Yang SM, Zhao JG. Genetically modified pigs: Emerging animal models for hereditary hearing loss. Zool Res 2024; 45:284-291. [PMID: 38485498 PMCID: PMC11017082 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hearing loss (HHL), a genetic disorder that impairs auditory function, significantly affects quality of life and incurs substantial economic losses for society. To investigate the underlying causes of HHL and evaluate therapeutic outcomes, appropriate animal models are necessary. Pigs have been extensively used as valuable large animal models in biomedical research. In this review, we highlight the advantages of pig models in terms of ear anatomy, inner ear morphology, and electrophysiological characteristics, as well as recent advancements in the development of distinct genetically modified porcine models of hearing loss. Additionally, we discuss the prospects, challenges, and recommendations regarding the use pig models in HHL research. Overall, this review provides insights and perspectives for future studies on HHL using porcine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tian-Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang-Wei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuo-Long Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - A-Long Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Wei-Wei Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yan-Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. E-mail:
| | - Jian-Guo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail:
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3
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Fischer K, Schnieke A. How genome editing changed the world of large animal research. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1272687. [PMID: 37886655 PMCID: PMC10598601 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1272687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The first genetically modified large animals were developed in 1985 by microinjection to increase the growth of agricultural livestock such as pigs. Since then, it has been a difficult trail due to the lack of genetic tools. Although methods and technologies were developed quickly for the main experimental mammal, the mouse, e.g., efficient pronuclear microinjection, gene targeting in embryonic stem cells, and omics data, most of it was-and in part still is-lacking when it comes to livestock. Over the next few decades, progress in genetic engineering of large animals was driven less by research for agriculture but more for biomedical applications, such as the production of pharmaceutical proteins in the milk of sheep, goats, or cows, xeno-organ transplantation, and modeling human diseases. Available technologies determined if a desired animal model could be realized, and efficiencies were generally low. Presented here is a short review of how genome editing tools, specifically CRISPR/Cas, have impacted the large animal field in recent years. Although there will be a focus on genome engineering of pigs for biomedical applications, the general principles and experimental approaches also apply to other livestock species or applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelika Schnieke
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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4
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Jin Q, Liu X, Zhuang Z, Huang J, Gou S, Shi H, Zhao Y, Ouyang Z, Liu Z, Li L, Mao J, Ge W, Chen F, Yu M, Guan Y, Ye Y, Tang C, Huang R, Wang K, Lai L. Doxycycline-dependent Cas9-expressing pig resources for conditional in vivo gene nullification and activation. Genome Biol 2023; 24:8. [PMID: 36650523 PMCID: PMC9843877 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02851-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CRISPR-based toolkits have dramatically increased the ease of genome and epigenome editing. SpCas9 is the most widely used nuclease. However, the difficulty of delivering SpCas9 and inability to modulate its expression in vivo hinder its widespread adoption in large animals. RESULTS Here, to circumvent these obstacles, a doxycycline-inducible SpCas9-expressing (DIC) pig model was generated by precise knock-in of the binary tetracycline-inducible expression elements into the Rosa26 and Hipp11 loci, respectively. With this pig model, in vivo and/or in vitro genome and epigenome editing could be easily realized. On the basis of the DIC system, a convenient Cas9-based conditional knockout strategy was devised through controlling the expression of rtTA component by tissue-specific promoter, which allows the one-step generation of germline-inherited pigs enabling in vivo spatiotemporal control of gene function under simple chemical induction. To validate the feasibility of in vivo gene mutation with DIC pigs, primary and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was developed by delivering a single AAV6 vector containing TP53-sgRNA, LKB1-sgRNA, and mutant human KRAS gene into the adult pancreases. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that DIC pig resources will provide a powerful tool for conditional in vivo genome and epigenome modification for fundamental and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jin
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhuang
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jiayuan Huang
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, 510633 China
| | - Shixue Gou
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China
| | - Hui Shi
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China
| | - Yu Zhao
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Lei Li
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Junjie Mao
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China
| | - Weikai Ge
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Fangbing Chen
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Manya Yu
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530 China
| | - Yezhi Guan
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, 510633 China
| | - Yinghua Ye
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China
| | - Chengcheng Tang
- grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Ren Huang
- grid.464317.3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, 510633 China
| | - Kepin Wang
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530 China ,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000 China ,grid.500400.10000 0001 2375 7370Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530 China
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5
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In vitro genome editing activity of Cas9 in somatic cells after random and transposon-based genomic Cas9 integration. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279123. [PMID: 36584049 PMCID: PMC9803249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its close resemblance, the domesticated pig has proven to be a diverse animal model for biomedical research and genome editing tools have contributed to developing porcine models for several human diseases. By employing the CRISPR-Cas9 system, porcine embryos or somatic cells can be genetically modified to generate the desired genotype. However, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) of modified somatic cells and embryo manipulation are challenging, especially if the desired genotype is detrimental to the embryo. Direct in vivo edits may facilitate the production of genetically engineered pigs by integrating Cas9 into the porcine genome. Cas9 expressing cells were generated by either random integration or transposon-based integration of Cas9 and used as donor cells in SCNT. In total, 15 animals were generated that carried a transposon-based Cas9 integration and two pigs a randomly integrated Cas9. Cas9 expression was confirmed in muscle, tonsil, spleen, kidney, lymph nodes, oral mucosa, and liver in two boars. Overall, Cas9 expression was higher for transposon-based integration, except in tonsils and liver. To verify Cas9 activity, fibroblasts were subjected to in vitro genome editing. Isolated fibroblasts were transfected with guide RNAs (gRNA) targeting different genes (GGTA1, B4GALNT2, B2M) relevant to xenotransplantation. Next generation sequencing revealed that the editing efficiencies varied (2-60%) between the different target genes. These results show that the integrated Cas9 remained functional, and that Cas9 expressing pigs may be used to induce desired genomic modifications to model human diseases or further evaluate in vivo gene therapy approaches.
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6
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Jin Q, Yang X, Gou S, Liu X, Zhuang Z, Liang Y, Shi H, Huang J, Wu H, Zhao Y, Ouyang Z, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Chen F, Ge W, Xie J, Li N, Lai C, Zhao X, Wang J, Lian M, Li L, Quan L, Ye Y, Lai L, Wang K. Double knock-in pig models with elements of binary Tet-On and phiC31 integrase systems for controllable and switchable gene expression. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2269-2286. [PMID: 35596888 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inducible expression systems are indispensable for precise regulation and in-depth analysis of biological process. Binary Tet-On system has been widely employed to regulate transgenic expression by doxycycline. Previous pig models with tetracycline regulatory elements were generated through random integration. This process often resulted in uncertain expression and unpredictable phenotypes, thus hindering their applications. Here, by precise knock-in of binary Tet-On 3G elements into Rosa26 and Hipp11 locus, respectively, a double knock-in reporter pig model was generated. We characterized excellent properties of this system for controllable transgenic expression both in vitro and in vivo. Two attP sites were arranged to flank the tdTomato to switch reporter gene. Single or multiple gene replacement was efficiently and faithfully achieved in fetal fibroblasts and nuclear transfer embryos. To display the flexible application of this system, we generated a pig strain with Dox-inducing hKRASG12D expression through phiC31 integrase-mediated cassette exchange. After eight months of Dox administration, squamous cell carcinoma developed in the nose, mouth, and scrotum, which indicated this pig strain could serve as an ideal large animal model to study tumorigenesis. Overall, the established pig models with controllable and switchable transgene expression system will provide a facilitating platform for transgenic and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Shixue Gou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhuang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yanhui Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Hui Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jiayuan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, 510633, China
| | - Han Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Quanjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Fangbing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Weikai Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Jingke Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Nan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Chengdan Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Xiaozhu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jiaowei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Meng Lian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Lei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Longquan Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yinghua Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China.
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Kepin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Sanya institute of Swine resource, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hainan Provincial Research Center of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, 572000, China.
- Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
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7
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Wei J, Zhang W, Li J, Jin Y, Qiu Z. Application of the transgenic pig model in biomedical research: A review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1031812. [PMID: 36325365 PMCID: PMC9618879 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1031812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The large animal model has gradually become an essential part of preclinical research studies, relating to exploring the disease pathological mechanism, genic function, pharmacy, and other subjects. Although the mouse model has already been widely accepted in clinical experiments, the need for finding an animal model with high similarity compared with a human model is urgent due to the different body functions and systems between mice and humans. The pig is an optimal choice for replacement. Therefore, enhancing the production of pigs used for models is an important part of the large animal model as well. Transgenic pigs show superiority in pig model creation because of the progress in genetic engineering. Successful cases of transgenic pig models occur in the clinical field of metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and genetic diseases. In addition, the choice of pig breed influences the effort and efficiency of reproduction, and the mini pig has relative obvious advantages in pig model production. Indeed, pig models in these diseases provide great value in studies of their causes and treatments, especially at the genetic level. This review briefly outlines the method used to create transgenic pigs and species of producing transgenic pigs and provides an overview of their applications on different diseases and limitations for present pig model developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ye Jin
- *Correspondence: Ye Jin, ; Zhidong Qiu,
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8
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Application of Gene Editing Technology in Resistance Breeding of Livestock. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12071070. [PMID: 35888158 PMCID: PMC9325061 DOI: 10.3390/life12071070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a new genetic engineering technology, gene editing can precisely modify the specific gene sequence of the organism’s genome. In the last 10 years, with the rapid development of gene editing technology, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like endonucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR/Cas9 systems have been applied to modify endogenous genes in organisms accurately. Now, gene editing technology has been used in mice, zebrafish, pigs, cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits, monkeys, and other species. Breeding for disease-resistance in agricultural animals tends to be a difficult task for traditional breeding, but gene editing technology has made this easier. In this work, we overview the development and application of gene editing technology in the resistance breeding of livestock. Also, we further discuss the prospects and outlooks of gene editing technology in disease-resistance breeding.
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9
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Saur D, Schnieke A. Porcine cancer models for clinical translation. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:375-376. [PMID: 35302113 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Saur
- Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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10
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Gao M, Zhu X, Peng W, He Y, Li Y, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Liao G, Yang G, Bao J, Bu H. Kidney ECM Pregel Nanoarchitectonics for Microarrays to Accelerate Harvesting Gene-Edited Porcine Primary Monoclonal Spheres. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23156-23169. [PMID: 35847249 PMCID: PMC9280780 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
One of the key steps
of using CRISPR/Cas9 to obtain gene-edited
cells used in generating gene-edited animals combined with somatic
cell nuclear transplantation (SCNT) is to harvest monoclonal cells
with genetic modifications. However, primary cells used as nuclear
donors always grow slowly and fragile after a series of gene-editing
operations. The extracellular matrix (ECM) formulated directly from
different organs comprises complex proteins and growth factors that
can improve and regulate the cellular functions of primary cells.
Herein, sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) detergent was first used
to perfuse porcine kidney ECM, and the biological properties of the
kidney ECM were optimized. Then, we used a porcine kidney ECM pregel
to pattern the microarray and developed a novel strategy to shorten
the time of obtaining gene-edited monoclonal cell spheroids with low
damage in batches. Our results showed that the SLES-perfused porcine
kidney ECM pregel displayed superior biological activities in releasing
growth factors and promoting cell proliferation. Finally, combined
with microarray technology, we quickly obtained monoclonal cells in
good condition, and the cells used as nuclear donors to construct
recombinant embryos showed a significantly higher success rate than
those of the traditional method. We further successfully produced
genetically edited pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Gao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinglong Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wanliu Peng
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuting He
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Li
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangneng Liao
- Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ji Bao
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
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11
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Hou N, Du X, Wu S. Advances in pig models of human diseases. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:141-152. [PMID: 35343091 PMCID: PMC9043727 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models of human diseases play a critical role in medical research. Pigs are anatomically and physiologically more like humans than are small rodents such as mice, making pigs an attractive option for modeling human diseases. Advances in recent years in genetic engineering have facilitated the rapid rise of pig models for use in studies of human disease. In the present review, we summarize the current status of pig models for human cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and various genetic diseases. We also discuss areas that need to be improved. Animal models of human diseases play a critical role in medical research. Advances in recent years in genetic engineering have facilitated the rapid rise of pig models for use in studies of human disease. In the present review, we summarize the current status of pig models for human cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, various genetic diseases and xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naipeng Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Xuguang Du
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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12
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New pathogenic insights from large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Protein Cell 2022; 13:707-720. [PMID: 35334073 PMCID: PMC9233730 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-022-00912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are essential for investigating the pathogenesis and developing the treatment of human diseases. Identification of genetic mutations responsible for neurodegenerative diseases has enabled the creation of a large number of small animal models that mimic genetic defects found in the affected individuals. Of the current animal models, rodents with genetic modifications are the most commonly used animal models and provided important insights into pathogenesis. However, most of genetically modified rodent models lack overt neurodegeneration, imposing challenges and obstacles in utilizing them to rigorously test the therapeutic effects on neurodegeneration. Recent studies that used CRISPR/Cas9-targeted large animal (pigs and monkeys) have uncovered important pathological events that resemble neurodegeneration in the patient’s brain but could not be produced in small animal models. Here we highlight the unique nature of large animals to model neurodegenerative diseases as well as the limitations and challenges in establishing large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, with focus on Huntington disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson diseases. We also discuss how to use the important pathogenic insights from large animal models to make rodent models more capable of recapitulating important pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases.
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13
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Khajanchi N, Saha K. Controlling CRISPR with small molecule regulation for somatic cell genome editing. Mol Ther 2022; 30:17-31. [PMID: 34174442 PMCID: PMC8753294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomedical research has been revolutionized by the introduction of many CRISPR-Cas systems that induce programmable edits to nearly any gene in the human genome. Nuclease-based CRISPR-Cas editors can produce on-target genomic changes but can also generate unwanted genotoxicity and adverse events, in part by cleaving non-targeted sites in the genome. Additional translational challenges for in vivo somatic cell editing include limited packaging capacity of viral vectors and host immune responses. Altogether, these challenges motivate recent efforts to control the expression and activity of different Cas systems in vivo. Current strategies utilize small molecules, light, magnetism, and temperature to conditionally control Cas systems through various activation, inhibition, or degradation mechanisms. This review focuses on small molecules that can be incorporated as regulatory switches to control Cas genome editors. Additional development of CRISPR-Cas-based therapeutic approaches with small molecule regulation have high potential to increase editing efficiency with less adverse effects for somatic cell genome editing strategies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Khajanchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Krishanu Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
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14
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Li G, Li X, Zhuang S, Wang L, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Sun W, Wu Z, Zhou Z, Chen J, Huang X, Wang J, Li D, Li W, Wang H, Wei W. Gene editing and its applications in biomedicine. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:660-700. [PMID: 35235150 PMCID: PMC8889061 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and programmable nucleases to make precise modifications to genetic material, has provided enormous opportunities to advance biomedical research and promote human health. The application of these technologies in basic biomedical research has yielded significant advances in identifying and studying key molecular targets relevant to human diseases and their treatment. The clinical translation of genome editing techniques offers unprecedented biomedical engineering capabilities in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease or disability. Here, we provide a general summary of emerging biomedical applications of genome editing, including open challenges. We also summarize the tools of genome editing and the insights derived from their applications, hoping to accelerate new discoveries and therapies in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Songkuan Zhuang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Liren Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yangcan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zeguang Wu
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhuo Zhou
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Xingxu Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Haoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Wensheng Wei
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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15
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Gao M, Zhu X, Yang G, Bao J, Bu H. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing in Porcine Models for Medical Research. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1462-1475. [PMID: 34847741 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigs have been extensively used as the research models for human disease pathogenesis and gene therapy. They are also the optimal source of cells, tissues, and organs for xenotransplantation due to anatomical and physiological similarities to humans. Several breakthroughs in gene-editing technologies, including the advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9), have greatly improved the efficiency of genetic manipulation and significantly broadened the application of gene-edited large animal models. In this review, we have not only outlined the important applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in pigs as a means to study human diseases but also discussed the potential challenges of the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in large animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Gao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xinglong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ji Bao
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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16
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Lunney JK, Van Goor A, Walker KE, Hailstock T, Franklin J, Dai C. Importance of the pig as a human biomedical model. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabd5758. [PMID: 34818055 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd5758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan K Lunney
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, NEA, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Angelica Van Goor
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, NEA, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Kristen E Walker
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, NEA, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Taylor Hailstock
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, NEA, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Jasmine Franklin
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, NEA, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Chaohui Dai
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, NEA, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
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17
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Bender G, Fahrioglu Yamaci R, Taneri B. CRISPR and KRAS: a match yet to be made. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:77. [PMID: 34781949 PMCID: PMC8591907 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00772-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) systems are one of the most fascinating tools of the current era in molecular biotechnology. With the ease that they provide in genome editing, CRISPR systems generate broad opportunities for targeting mutations. Specifically in recent years, disease-causing mutations targeted by the CRISPR systems have been of main research interest; particularly for those diseases where there is no current cure, including cancer. KRAS mutations remain untargetable in cancer. Mutations in this oncogene are main drivers in common cancers, including lung, colorectal and pancreatic cancers, which are severe causes of public health burden and mortality worldwide, with no cure at hand. CRISPR systems provide an opportunity for targeting cancer causing mutations. In this review, we highlight the work published on CRISPR applications targeting KRAS mutations directly, as well as CRISPR applications targeting mutations in KRAS-related molecules. In specific, we focus on lung, colorectal and pancreatic cancers. To date, the limited literature on CRISPR applications targeting KRAS, reflect promising results. Namely, direct targeting of mutant KRAS variants using various CRISPR systems resulted in significant decrease in cell viability and proliferation in vitro, as well as tumor growth inhibition in vivo. In addition, the effect of mutant KRAS knockdown, via CRISPR, has been observed to exert regulatory effects on the downstream molecules including PI3K, ERK, Akt, Stat3, and c-myc. Molecules in the KRAS pathway have been subjected to CRISPR applications more often than KRAS itself. The aim of using CRISPR systems in these studies was mainly to analyze the therapeutic potential of possible downstream and upstream effectors of KRAS, as well as to discover further potential molecules. Although there have been molecules identified to have such potential in treatment of KRAS-driven cancers, a substantial amount of effort is still needed to establish treatment strategies based on these discoveries. We conclude that, at this point in time, despite being such a powerful directed genome editing tool, CRISPR remains to be underutilized for targeting KRAS mutations in cancer. Efforts channelled in this direction, might pave the way in solving the long-standing challenge of targeting the KRAS mutations in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzide Bender
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rezan Fahrioglu Yamaci
- Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences and Cultural Studies, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bahar Taneri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin-10, Famagusta, 99628, North Cyprus, Turkey.
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute for Public Health Genomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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18
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Sorolla A, Parisi E, Sorolla MA, Marqués M, Porcel JM. Applications of CRISPR technology to lung cancer research. Eur Respir J 2021; 59:13993003.02610-2021. [PMID: 34737228 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02610-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Sorolla
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eva Parisi
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Alba Sorolla
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Marta Marqués
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - José M Porcel
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr Pifarré Foundation, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,Pleural Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
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19
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Söllner JH, Mettenleiter TC, Petersen B. Genome Editing Strategies to Protect Livestock from Viral Infections. Viruses 2021; 13:1996. [PMID: 34696426 PMCID: PMC8539128 DOI: 10.3390/v13101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The livestock industry is constantly threatened by viral disease outbreaks, including infections with zoonotic potential. While preventive vaccination is frequently applied, disease control and eradication also depend on strict biosecurity measures. Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and associated proteins (Cas) have been repurposed as genome editors to induce targeted double-strand breaks at almost any location in the genome. Thus, CRISPR/Cas genome editors can also be utilized to generate disease-resistant or resilient livestock, develop vaccines, and further understand virus-host interactions. Genes of interest in animals and viruses can be targeted to understand their functions during infection. Furthermore, transgenic animals expressing CRISPR/Cas can be generated to target the viral genome upon infection. Genetically modified livestock can thereby reduce disease outbreaks and decrease zoonotic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny-Helena Söllner
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 31535 Neustadt am Rübenberge, Germany;
| | | | - Björn Petersen
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 31535 Neustadt am Rübenberge, Germany;
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20
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The CRISPR/Cas9 Minipig-A Transgenic Minipig to Produce Specific Mutations in Designated Tissues. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123024. [PMID: 34208747 PMCID: PMC8234985 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of large transgenic animals is impeded by complex cloning, long maturation and gastrulation times. An introduction of multiple gene alterations increases the complexity. We have cloned a transgenic Cas9 minipig to introduce multiple mutations by CRISPR in somatic cells. Transgenic Cas9 pigs were generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer and were backcrossed to Göttingen Minipigs for two generations. Cas9 expression was controlled by FlpO-mediated recombination and was visualized by translation from red to yellow fluorescent protein. In vitro analyses in primary fibroblasts, keratinocytes and lung epithelial cells confirmed the genetic alterations executed by the viral delivery of single guide RNAs (sgRNA) to the target cells. Moreover, multiple gene alterations could be introduced simultaneously in a cell by viral delivery of sgRNAs. Cells with loss of TP53, PTEN and gain-of-function mutation in KRASG12D showed increased proliferation, confirming a transformation of the primary cells. An in vivo activation of Cas9 expression could be induced by viral delivery to the skin. Overall, we have generated a minipig with conditional expression of Cas9, where multiple gene alterations can be introduced to somatic cells by viral delivery of sgRNA. The development of a transgenic Cas9 minipig facilitates the creation of complex pre-clinical models for cancer research.
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21
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A compendium and comparative epigenomics analysis of cis-regulatory elements in the pig genome. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2217. [PMID: 33850120 PMCID: PMC8044108 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although major advances in genomics have initiated an exciting new era of research, a lack of information regarding cis-regulatory elements has limited the genetic improvement or manipulation of pigs as a meat source and biomedical model. Here, we systematically characterize cis-regulatory elements and their functions in 12 diverse tissues from four pig breeds by adopting similar strategies as the ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics projects, which include RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and ChIP-seq. In total, we generate 199 datasets and identify more than 220,000 cis-regulatory elements in the pig genome. Surprisingly, we find higher conservation of cis-regulatory elements between human and pig genomes than those between human and mouse genomes. Furthermore, the differences of topologically associating domains between the pig and human genomes are associated with morphological evolution of the head and face. Beyond generating a major new benchmark resource for pig epigenetics, our study provides basic comparative epigenetic data relevant to using pigs as models in human biomedical research.
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22
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Li Z, Zheng W, Wang H, Cheng Y, Fang Y, Wu F, Sun G, Sun G, Lv C, Hui B. Application of Animal Models in Cancer Research: Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2455-2475. [PMID: 33758544 PMCID: PMC7979343 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s302565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models refers to the animal experimental objects and related materials that can simulate human body established in medical research. As the second-largest disease in terms of morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular disease, cancer has always been the focus of human attention all over the world, which makes it a research hotspot in the medical field. At the same time, more and more animal models have been constructed and used in cancer research. With the deepening of research, the construction methods of cancer animal models are becoming more and more diverse, including chemical induction, xenotransplantation, gene programming, and so on. In recent years, patient-derived xenotransplantation (PDX) model has become a research hotspot because it can retain the microenvironment of the primary tumor and the basic characteristics of cells. Animal models can be used not only to study the biochemical and physiological processes of the occurrence and development of cancer in objects but also for the screening of cancer drugs and the exploration of gene therapy. In this paper, several main tumor animal models and the application progress of animal models in tumor research are systematically reviewed. Finally, combined with the latest progress and development trend in this field, the future research of tumor animal model was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wubin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqing Hui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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23
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Rieblinger B, Sid H, Duda D, Bozoglu T, Klinger R, Schlickenrieder A, Lengyel K, Flisikowski K, Flisikowska T, Simm N, Grodziecki A, Perleberg C, Bähr A, Carrier L, Kurome M, Zakhartchenko V, Kessler B, Wolf E, Kettler L, Luksch H, Hagag IT, Wise D, Kaufman J, Kaufer BB, Kupatt C, Schnieke A, Schusser B. Cas9-expressing chickens and pigs as resources for genome editing in livestock. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2022562118. [PMID: 33658378 PMCID: PMC7958376 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022562118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically modified animals continue to provide important insights into the molecular basis of health and disease. Research has focused mostly on genetically modified mice, although other species like pigs resemble the human physiology more closely. In addition, cross-species comparisons with phylogenetically distant species such as chickens provide powerful insights into fundamental biological and biomedical processes. One of the most versatile genetic methods applicable across species is CRISPR-Cas9. Here, we report the generation of transgenic chickens and pigs that constitutively express Cas9 in all organs. These animals are healthy and fertile. Functionality of Cas9 was confirmed in both species for a number of different target genes, for a variety of cell types and in vivo by targeted gene disruption in lymphocytes and the developing brain, and by precise excision of a 12.7-kb DNA fragment in the heart. The Cas9 transgenic animals will provide a powerful resource for in vivo genome editing for both agricultural and translational biomedical research, and will facilitate reverse genetics as well as cross-species comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Rieblinger
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Hicham Sid
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Denise Duda
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tarik Bozoglu
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Romina Klinger
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Antonina Schlickenrieder
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Kamila Lengyel
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Flisikowski
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tatiana Flisikowska
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nina Simm
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Alessandro Grodziecki
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Carolin Perleberg
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Andrea Bähr
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mayuko Kurome
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Valeri Zakhartchenko
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Barbara Kessler
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Lutz Kettler
- Zoology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Harald Luksch
- Zoology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ibrahim T Hagag
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Virology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Wise
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FL Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Benedikt B Kaufer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Virology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika Schnieke
- Livestock Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany;
| | - Benjamin Schusser
- Reproductive Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany;
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24
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Salvesen HA, Whitelaw CBA. Current and prospective control strategies of influenza A virus in swine. Porcine Health Manag 2021; 7:23. [PMID: 33648602 PMCID: PMC7917534 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-021-00196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza A Viruses (IAV) are endemic pathogens of significant concern in humans and multiple keystone livestock species. Widespread morbidity in swine herds negatively impacts animal welfare standards and economic performance whilst human IAV pandemics have emerged from pigs on multiple occasions. To combat the rising prevalence of swine IAV there must be effective control strategies available. MAIN BODY The most basic form of IAV control on swine farms is through good animal husbandry practices and high animal welfare standards. To control inter-herd transmission, biosecurity considerations such as quarantining of pigs and implementing robust health and safety systems for workers help to reduce the likelihood of swine IAV becoming endemic. Closely complementing the physical on-farm practices are IAV surveillance programs. Epidemiological data is critical in understanding regional distribution and variation to assist in determining an appropriate response to outbreaks and understanding the nature of historical swine IAV epidemics and zoonoses. Medical intervention in pigs is restricted to vaccination, a measure fraught with the intrinsic difficulties of mounting an immune response against a highly mutable virus. It is the best available tool for controlling IAV in swine but is far from being a perfect solution due to its unreliable efficacy and association with an enhanced respiratory disease. Because IAV generally has low mortality rates there is a reticence in the uptake of vaccination. Novel genetic technologies could be a complementary strategy for IAV control in pigs that confers broad-acting resistance. Transgenic pigs with IAV resistance are useful as models, however the complexity of these reaching the consumer market limits them to research models. More promising are gene-editing approaches to prevent viral exploitation of host proteins and modern vaccine technologies that surpass those currently available. CONCLUSION Using the suite of IAV control measures that are available for pigs effectively we can improve the economic productivity of pig farming whilst improving on-farm animal welfare standards and avoid facing the extensive social and financial costs of a pandemic. Fighting 'Flu in pigs will help mitigate the very real threat of a human pandemic emerging, increase security of the global food system and lead to healthier pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish A. Salvesen
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C. Bruce A. Whitelaw
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK
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25
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Khwatenge CN, Nahashon SN. Recent Advances in the Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing System in Poultry Species. Front Genet 2021; 12:627714. [PMID: 33679892 PMCID: PMC7933658 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.627714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 system genome editing is revolutionizing genetics research in a wide spectrum of animal models in the genetic era. Among these animals, is the poultry species. CRISPR technology is the newest and most advanced gene-editing tool that allows researchers to modify and alter gene functions for transcriptional regulation, gene targeting, epigenetic modification, gene therapy, and drug delivery in the animal genome. The applicability of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in gene editing and modification of genomes in the avian species is still emerging. Up to date, substantial progress in using CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been made in only two poultry species (chicken and quail), with chicken taking the lead. There have been major recent advances in the modification of the avian genome through their germ cell lineages. In the poultry industry, breeders and producers can utilize CRISPR-mediated approaches to enhance the many required genetic variations towards the poultry population that are absent in a given poultry flock. Thus, CRISPR allows the benefit of accessing genetic characteristics that cannot otherwise be used for poultry production. Therefore CRISPR/Cas9 becomes a very powerful and robust tool for editing genes that allow for the introduction or regulation of genetic information in poultry genomes. However, the CRISPR/Cas9 technology has several limitations that need to be addressed to enhance its use in the poultry industry. This review evaluates and provides a summary of recent advances in applying CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in poultry research and explores its potential use in advancing poultry breeding and production with a major focus on chicken and quail. This could aid future advancements in the use of CRISPR technology to improve poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins N. Khwatenge
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, IN, United States
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Samuel N. Nahashon
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
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26
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Li W, Shi L, Zhuang Z, Wu H, Lian M, Chen Y, Li L, Ge W, Jin Q, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Ouyang Z, Ye Y, Li Y, Wang H, Liao Y, Quan L, Xiao L, Lai L, Meng G, Wang K. Engineered Pigs Carrying a Gain-of-Function NLRP3 Homozygous Mutation Can Survive to Adulthood and Accurately Recapitulate Human Systemic Spontaneous Inflammatory Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:2532-2544. [PMID: 32958688 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with a variety of human diseases, including cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS). CAPS is a dominantly inherited disease with NLRP3 missense mutations. Currently, most studies on the NLRP3-inflammasome have been performed with mice, but the activation patterns and the signaling pathways of the mouse NLRP3 inflammasome are not always identical with those in humans. The NLRP3 inflammasome activation in pigs is similar to that in humans. Therefore, pigs with precise NLRP3-point mutations may model human CAPS more accurately. In this study, an NLRP3 gain-of-function pig model carrying a homozygous R259W mutation was generated by combining CRISPR/Cpf1-mediated somatic cell genome editing with nuclear transfer. The newborn NLRP3 R259W homozygous piglets showed early mortality, poor growth, and spontaneous systemic inflammation symptoms, including skin lesion, joint inflammation, severe contracture, and inflammation-mediated multiorgan failure. Severe myocardial fibrosis was also observed. The tissues of inflamed skins and several organs showed significantly increased expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and inflammation-associated cytokines and factors (i.e., IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17). Notably, approximately half of the homozygous piglets grew up to adulthood and even gave birth to offspring. Although the F1 heterozygous piglets showed improved survival rate and normal weight gain, 39.1% (nine out of 23) of the piglets died early and exhibited spontaneous systemic inflammation symptoms. In addition, similar to homozygotes, adult heterozygotes showed increased delayed hypersensitivity response. Thus, the NLRP3 R259W pigs are similar to human CAPS and can serve as an ideal animal model to bridge the gap between rodents and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhuang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Han Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Meng Lian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.,The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and
| | - Lei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Weikai Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Quanjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yinghua Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yingying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Longquan Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Huangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; .,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Guangxun Meng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; .,The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and
| | - Kepin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China; .,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou 510530, China
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27
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Zuo E, Sun Y, Wei W, Yuan T, Ying W, Sun H, Yuan L, Steinmetz LM, Li Y, Yang H. GOTI, a method to identify genome-wide off-target effects of genome editing in mouse embryos. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3009-3029. [PMID: 32796939 PMCID: PMC8190672 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genome editing holds great potential for correcting pathogenic mutations. We developed a method called GOTI (genome-wide off-target analysis by two-cell embryo injection) to detect off-target mutations by editing one blastomere of two-cell mouse embryos using either CRISPR-Cas9 or base editors. GOTI directly compares edited and non-edited cells without the interference of genetic background and thus could detect potential off-target variants with high sensitivity. Notably, the GOTI method was designed to detect potential off-target variants of any genome editing tools by the combination of experimental and computational approaches, which is critical for accurate evaluation of the safety of genome editing tools. Here we provide a detailed protocol for GOTI, including mice mating, two-cell embryo injection, embryonic day 14.5 embryo digestion, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, whole-genome sequencing and data analysis. To enhance the utility of GOTI, we also include a computational workflow called GOTI-seq (https://github.com/sydaileen/GOTI-seq) for the sequencing data analysis, which can generate the final genome-wide off-target variants from raw sequencing data directly. The protocol typically takes 20 d from the mice mating to sequencing and 7 d for sequencing data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwei Zuo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yidi Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Wei
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tanglong Yuan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenqin Ying
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Sun
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Liyun Yuan
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Lars M Steinmetz
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Yixue Li
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Life Sciences, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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28
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Vermersch E, Jouve C, Hulot JS. CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing strategies in cardiovascular cells. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:894-907. [PMID: 31584620 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and considered as a leading public health issue. Therefore, there is a strong need for new disease models to support the development of novel therapeutics approaches. The successive improvement of genome editing tools with zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and more recently with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) has enabled the generation of genetically modified cells and organisms with much greater efficiency and precision than before. The simplicity of CRISPR/Cas9 technology made it especially suited for different studies, both in vitro and in vivo, and has been used in multiple studies evaluating gene functions, disease modelling, transcriptional regulation, and testing of novel therapeutic approaches. Notably, with the parallel development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), the generation of knock-out and knock-in human cell lines significantly increased our understanding of mutation impacts and physiopathological mechanisms within the cardiovascular domain. Here, we review the recent development of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, the alternative tools, the available strategies to conduct genome editing in cardiovascular cells with a focus on its use for correcting mutations in vitro and in vivo both in germ and somatic cells. We will also highlight that, despite its potential, CRISPR/Cas9 technology comes with important technical and ethical limitations. The development of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for cardiovascular diseases indeed requires to develop a specific strategy in order to optimize the design of the genome editing tools, the manipulation of DNA repair mechanisms, the packaging and delivery of the tools to the studied organism, and the assessment of their efficiency and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vermersch
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Université de Paris, INSERM, 56 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Charlène Jouve
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Université de Paris, INSERM, 56 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Université de Paris, INSERM, 56 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques CIC1418, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 75015 Paris, France
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29
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Kalla D, Kind A, Schnieke A. Genetically Engineered Pigs to Study Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E488. [PMID: 31940967 PMCID: PMC7013672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have seen groundbreaking advances in cancer research. Genetically engineered animal models, mainly in mice, have contributed to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in cancer. However, mice are not ideal for translating basic research into studies closer to the clinic. There is a need for complementary information provided by non-rodent species. Pigs are well suited for translational biomedical research as they share many similarities with humans such as body and organ size, aspects of anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology and can provide valuable means of developing and testing novel diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Porcine oncology is a new field, but it is clear that replication of key oncogenic mutation in pigs can usefully mimic several human cancers. This review briefly outlines the technology used to generate genetically modified pigs, provides an overview of existing cancer models, their applications and how the field may develop in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angelika Schnieke
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany; (D.K.); (A.K.)
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30
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Doevendans PA, Glijnis PC, Kranias EG. Leducq Transatlantic Network of Excellence to Cure Phospholamban-Induced Cardiomyopathy (CURE-PLaN). Circ Res 2019; 125:720-724. [PMID: 31513489 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The deletion of Arginine 14 of the phosholamban gene (PLN p.R14del) is associated with the pathogenesis of an inherited form of cardiomyopathy with prominent arrhythmias. Patients carrying the PLN R14del mutation are at risk of developing dilated cardiomyopathy or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Although the genetic etiology is well defined, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of PLN R14del-cardiomyopathy is unknown. Our CURE PLaN network, funded by the Foundation Leducq, will bring together leading scientists, clinicians, and patients to elucidate the genotype-phenotype relationships in R14del cardiomyopathy with the ultimate goal of developing innovative disease-specific therapeutic modalities. With the generous support of the Leducq Foundation, our Transatlantic Network of Excellence consortium to cure Phospholamban (PLN)-induced cardiomyopathy (CURE-PLaN) unites 6 leading centers to address the current challenges associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with an initial focus on PLN and development of effective treatments. The Network is led by Evangelia (Litsa) Kranias (University of Cincinnati) in the United States and Pieter A. Doevendans (Netherlands Heart Institute/UMC Utrecht NL) in Europe. The other US project leaders are Kevin Costa (Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York) and Mark Mercola and Ioannis Karakikes (Stanford University), who are focusing on induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based disease models, tissue engineering, gene therapy, and drug discovery. On the European side, the project leaders are Despina Sanoudou (Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens) analyzing the PLN interactome and Stephan Lehnart (University of Gottingen) addressing the subcellular and disrupted protein interactions affected in PLN-mutant cardiomyocytes. Other key members within the Netherlands Heart Institute are Peter van Tintelen on PLN genetics, Folkert Asselbergs on epigenetics and Rudolf de Boer on clinical trials. We are also privileged to get support from Arthur Wilde (University of Amsterdam), Sakthivel Sadayappan (University of Cincinnati), and Roger Hajjar (Phospholamban Foundation), who have had a long-standing interest in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology with emphasis on underlying pathways and potential therapeutic targets. The consortium is also fortunate to embrace a patient advocate, Pieter Glijnis, incorporating the voice of the patients to research in every step. Our goal is to build and share a platform of patient data coupled with in vitro and in vivo models to promote scientific discovery and advance novel treatments. Phospholamban is a small phosphoprotein in the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum, and it is the major regulator of SERCA2a activity and calcium (Ca)-cycling. Chronic inhibition of SERCA2a by PLN has been implicated in the aberrant Ca-cycling of failing hearts. Studies in HF models have shown that decreasing PLN activity may rescue cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Several human PLN mutations, leading to inhibition of Ca-uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, are linked to inherited DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A Doevendans
- From the Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands (P.A.D.).,The Netherlands and UMC Utrecht Department of Cardiology and Central Military Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands (P.A.D.)
| | - Pieter C Glijnis
- The Phospholamban Foundation: Zuidrak, Wieringerwerf, The Netherlands (P.C.G.)
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH (E.G.K.)
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31
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Li X, Hao F, Hu X, Wang H, Dai B, Wang X, Liang H, Cang M, Liu D. Generation of Tβ4 knock-in Cashmere goat using CRISPR/Cas9. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1743-1754. [PMID: 31360116 PMCID: PMC6643211 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.34820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cashmere goat breed is known to provide excellent quality cashmere. Here, we attempted to breed high-yielding cashmere goats by specifically inserting the Tβ4 gene into the goat CCR5 locus and provided an animal model for future research. We successfully obtained Tβ4 knock-in goat without any screening and fluorescent markers using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. A series of experiments were performed to examine physical conditions and characteristics of the Tβ4 knock-in goat. The goat exhibited an increase in cashmere yield by 74.5% without affecting the fineness and quality. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis indicated that Tβ4 may promote hair growth by affecting processes such as vasoconstriction, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability around secondary hair follicles. Together, our study can significantly improve the breeding of cashmere goat and thereby increase economic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Fei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Bai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Ming Cang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Dongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
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32
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A Novel Cre Recombinase-Mediated In Vivo Minicircle DNA (CRIM) Vaccine Provides Partial Protection against Newcastle Disease Virus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00407-19. [PMID: 31053588 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00407-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Minicircle DNA (mcDNA), which contains only the necessary components for eukaryotic expression and is thus smaller than traditional plasmids, has been designed for application in genetic manipulation. In this study, we constructed a novel plasmid containing both the Cre recombinase under the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) promoter and recombinant lox66 and lox71 sites located outside the cytomegalovirus (CMV) expression cassette. The strictly controlled synthesis of Cre recombinase in vivo maintained the complete form of the plasmid in vitro, whereas the in vivo production of Cre transformed the parental plasmid to mcDNA after transfection. The newly designed Cre recombinase-mediated in vivo mcDNA platform, named CRIM, significantly increased the nuclear entry of mcDNA, followed by increased production of mRNA and protein, using enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a model. Similar results were also observed in chickens when the vaccine was delivered by the regulated-delayed-lysis Salmonella strain χ11218, where significantly increased production of EGFP was observed in chicken livers. Then, we used the HN gene of genotype VII Newcastle disease virus as an antigen model to construct the traditional plasmid pYL43 and the novel mcDNA plasmid pYL47. After immunization, our CRIM vaccine provided significantly increased protection against challenge compared with that of the traditional plasmid, providing us with a novel mcDNA vaccine platform.IMPORTANCE Minicircle DNA (mcDNA) has been considered an attractive alternative to DNA vaccines; however, the relatively high cost and complicated process of purifying mcDNA dramatically restricts the application of mcDNA in the veterinary field. We designed a novel in vivo mcDNA platform in which the complete plasmid could spontaneously transform into mcDNA in vivo In combination with the regulated-delayed-lysis Salmonella strain, the newly designed mcDNA vaccine provides us with an elegant platform for veterinary vaccine development.
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33
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Xie J, Ge W, Li N, Liu Q, Chen F, Yang X, Huang X, Ouyang Z, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Gou S, Wu H, Lai C, Fan N, Jin Q, Shi H, Liang Y, Lan T, Quan L, Li X, Wang K, Lai L. Efficient base editing for multiple genes and loci in pigs using base editors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2852. [PMID: 31253764 PMCID: PMC6599043 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosine base editors (CBEs) enable programmable C-to-T conversion without DNA double-stranded breaks and homology-directed repair in a variety of organisms, which exhibit great potential for agricultural and biomedical applications. However, all reported cases only involved C-to-T substitution at a single targeted genomic site. Whether C-to-T substitution is effective in multiple sites/loci has not been verified in large animals. Here, by using pigs, an important animal for agriculture and biomedicine, as the subjective animal, we showed that CBEs could efficiently induce C-to-T conversions at multiple sites/loci with the combination of three genes, including DMD, TYR, and LMNA, or RAG1, RAG2, and IL2RG, simultaneously, at the embryonic and cellular levels. CBEs also could disrupt genes (pol gene of porcine endogenous retrovirus) with dozens of copies by introducing multiple premature stop codons. With the CBEs, pigs carrying single gene or multiple gene point mutations were generated through embryo injection or nuclear transfer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingke Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Weikai Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Nan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qishuai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fangbing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xingyun Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Quanjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shixue Gou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Han Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chengdan Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Nana Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hui Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanhui Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ting Lan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Longquan Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Kepin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Liangxue Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
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Zhao J, Lai L, Ji W, Zhou Q. Genome editing in large animals: current status and future prospects. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 6:402-420. [PMID: 34691891 PMCID: PMC8291540 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Large animals (non-human primates, livestock and dogs) are playing important roles in biomedical research, and large livestock animals serve as important sources of meat and milk. The recently developed programmable DNA nucleases have revolutionized the generation of gene-modified large animals that are used for biological and biomedical research. In this review, we briefly introduce the recent advances in nuclease-meditated gene editing tools, and we outline these editing tools' applications in human disease modeling, regenerative medicine and agriculture. Additionally, we provide perspectives regarding the challenges and prospects of the new genome editing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Weizhi Ji
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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35
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Gao M, Zhang B, He Y, Yang Q, Deng L, Zhu Y, Lai E, Wang M, Wang L, Yang G, Liao G, Bao J, Bu H. Efficient Generation of an Fah/Rag2 Dual-Gene Knockout Porcine Cell Line Using CRISPR/Cas9 and Adenovirus. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:314-321. [PMID: 30762444 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Gao
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting He
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihong Deng
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Enjiang Lai
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Menghua Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Laduona Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Liao
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Bao
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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36
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Establishment of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knock-in System for Porcine Cells with High Efficiency. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:26-36. [PMID: 30859452 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-02984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the birth of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9, the new genome engineering technology has become a hot topic in the scientific community. However, for swine, the system of pig cells' homology directed repair (HDR) is generally unstable and costly. Here, we aim to make knock-in of porcine cells more realizable. The Rosa26 locus was chosen for gene editing. Through the optimization of strategy, an efficient sgRNA was selected by TIDE analysis. Correspondingly, a vector system was constructed for gene insertion in pRosa26 locus by homologous recombination. A large percentage of cells whose gene is edited easily result in apoptosis. To improve the positive rate, culturing systems have been optimized. Sequence alignment and nuclear transfer confirmed that we got two knock-in cell lines and transgene primary porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) successfully. Results showed that the gene editing platform we used can obtain genetically modified pig cells stably and efficiently. This system can contribute to pig gene research and production of transgenic pigs.
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37
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Jo N, Sogabe Y, Yamada Y, Ukai T, Kagawa H, Mitsunaga K, Woltjen K, Yamada Y. Platforms of in vivo genome editing with inducible Cas9 for advanced cancer modeling. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:926-938. [PMID: 30588718 PMCID: PMC6398895 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology has dramatically advanced how we manipulate the genome. Regarding in vivo experiments, Cas9-transgenic animals could provide efficient and complex genome editing. However, this potential has not been fully realized partly due to a lack of convenient platforms and limited examples of successful disease modeling. Here, we devised two doxycycline (Dox)-inducible Cas9 platforms that efficiently enable conditional genome editing at multiple loci in vitro and in vivo. In these platforms, we took advantage of a site-specific multi-segment cloning strategy for rapid and easy integration of multiple single guide (sg)RNAs. We found that a platform containing rtTA at the Rosa26 locus and TRE-Cas9 together with multiple sgRNAs at the Col1a1 locus showed higher efficiency of inducible insertions and deletions (indels) with minimal leaky editing. Using this platform, we succeeded to model Wilms' tumor and the progression of intestinal adenomas with multiple mutations including an activating mutation with a large genomic deletion. Collectively, the established platform should make complicated disease modeling in the mouse easily attainable, extending the range of in vivo experiments in various biological fields including cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihide Jo
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yuko Sogabe
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Tomoyo Ukai
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Division of Stem Cell PathologyCenter for Experimental Medicine and Systems BiologyInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Harunobu Kagawa
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kanae Mitsunaga
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Knut Woltjen
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced ResearchKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Department of Life Science FrontiersCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Division of Stem Cell PathologyCenter for Experimental Medicine and Systems BiologyInstitute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
- AMED‐CRESTTokyoJapan
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38
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Sid H, Schusser B. Applications of Gene Editing in Chickens: A New Era Is on the Horizon. Front Genet 2018; 9:456. [PMID: 30356667 PMCID: PMC6189320 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The chicken represents a valuable model for research in the area of immunology, infectious diseases as well as developmental biology. Although it was the first livestock species to have its genome sequenced, there was no reverse genetic technology available to help understanding specific gene functions. Recently, homologous recombination was used to knockout the chicken immunoglobulin genes. Subsequent studies using immunoglobulin knockout birds helped to understand different aspects related to B cell development and antibody production. Furthermore, the latest advances in the field of genome editing including the CRISPR/Cas9 system allowed the introduction of site specific gene modifications in various animal species. Thus, it may provide a powerful tool for the generation of genetically modified chickens carrying resistance for certain pathogens. This was previously demonstrated by targeting the Trp38 region which was shown to be effective in the control of avian leukosis virus in chicken DF-1 cells. Herein we review the current and future prospects of gene editing and how it possibly contributes to the development of resistant chickens against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Schusser
- Department of Animal Sciences, Reproductive Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
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39
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Yang H, Wu Z. Genome Editing of Pigs for Agriculture and Biomedicine. Front Genet 2018; 9:360. [PMID: 30233645 PMCID: PMC6131568 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigs serve as an important agricultural resource and animal model in biomedical studies. Efficient and precise modification of pig genome by using recently developed gene editing tools has significantly broadened the application of pig models in various research areas. The three types of site-specific nucleases, namely, zinc-finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein, are the main gene editing tools that can efficiently introduce predetermined modifications, including knockouts and knockins, into the pig genome. These modifications can confer desired phenotypes to pigs to improve production traits, such as optimal meat production, enhanced feed digestibility, and disease resistance. Besides, given their genetic, anatomic, and physiologic similarities to humans, pigs can also be modified to model human diseases or to serve as an organ source for xenotransplantation to save human lives. To date, many genetically modified pig models with agricultural or biomedical values have been established by using gene editing tools. These pig models are expected to accelerate research progress in related fields and benefit humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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