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Palmero Casanova B, Albentosa González L, Maringer K, Sabariegos R, Mas A. A conserved role for AKT in the replication of emerging flaviviruses in vertebrates and vectors. Virus Res 2024; 348:199447. [PMID: 39117146 PMCID: PMC11364138 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
One third of all emerging infectious diseases are vector-borne, with no licensed antiviral therapies available against any vector-borne viruses. Zika virus and Usutu virus are two emerging flaviviruses transmitted primarily by mosquitoes. These viruses modulate different host pathways, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Here, we report the effect on ZIKV and USUV replication of two AKT inhibitors, Miransertib (ARQ-092, allosteric inhibitor) and Capivasertib (AZD5363, competitive inhibitor) in different mammalian and mosquito cell lines. Miransertib showed a stronger inhibitory effect against ZIKV and USUV than Capivasertib in mammalian cells, while Capivasertib showed a stronger effect in mosquito cells. These findings indicate that AKT plays a conserved role in flavivirus infection, in both the vertebrate host and invertebrate vector. Nevertheless, the specific function of AKT may vary depending on the host species. These findings indicate that AKT may be playing a conserved role in flavivirus infection in both, the vertebrate host and the invertebrate vector. However, the specific function of AKT may vary depending on the host species. A better understanding of virus-host interactions is therefore required to develop new treatments to prevent human disease and new approaches to control transmission by insect vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Palmero Casanova
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), C/Almansa 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Laura Albentosa González
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), C/Almansa 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Facultad de farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Kevin Maringer
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Rosario Sabariegos
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), C/Almansa 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Unidad asociada de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. C/Altagracia 50, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. C/Almansa 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonio Mas
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), C/Almansa 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Facultad de farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Unidad asociada de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. C/Altagracia 50, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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2
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Morin GM, Zerbib L, Kaltenbach S, Fraissenon A, Balducci E, Asnafi V, Canaud G. PIK3CA-Related Disorders: From Disease Mechanism to Evidence-Based Treatments. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2024; 25:211-237. [PMID: 38316164 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-121222-114518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in genetic sequencing are transforming our approach to rare-disease care. Initially identified in cancer, gain-of-function mutations of the PIK3CA gene are also detected in malformation mosaic diseases categorized as PIK3CA-related disorders (PRDs). Over the past decade, new approaches have enabled researchers to elucidate the pathophysiology of PRDs and uncover novel therapeutic options. In just a few years, owing to vigorous global research efforts, PRDs have been transformed from incurable diseases to chronic disorders accessible to targeted therapy. However, new challenges for both medical practitioners and researchers have emerged. Areas of uncertainty remain in our comprehension of PRDs, especially regarding the relationship between genotype and phenotype, the mechanisms underlying mosaicism, and the processes involved in intercellular communication. As the clinical and biological landscape of PRDs is constantly evolving, this review aims to summarize current knowledge regarding PIK3CA and its role in nonmalignant human disease, from molecular mechanisms to evidence-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M Morin
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Site Necker, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Unité de Médecine Translationnelle et Thérapies Ciblées, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lola Zerbib
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Site Necker, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Unité de Médecine Translationnelle et Thérapies Ciblées, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Kaltenbach
- Laboratoire d'Oncohématologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Fraissenon
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France;
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, Villeurbanne, France
- Service de Radiologie Mère-Enfant, Hôpital Nord, Saint Etienne, France
- Service d'Imagerie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Estelle Balducci
- Laboratoire d'Oncohématologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Site Necker, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Oncohématologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Canaud
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Site Necker, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Unité de Médecine Translationnelle et Thérapies Ciblées, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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3
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Klimeczek-Chrapusta MK, Kachnic M, Chrapusta A. Proteus Syndrome: Case Report and Updated Literature Review. Arch Plast Surg 2024; 51:423-431. [PMID: 39034978 PMCID: PMC11257735 DOI: 10.1055/a-2300-7002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteus syndrome (PS) is an exceptionally uncommon genetic disorder that has been documented in only approximately 250 cases in the literature spanning the past four decades. It is characterized by a disproportionate, asymmetric overgrowth of all types of tissues, provoked by a somatic activating mutation in serine/threonine protein kinase 1. We report a case of PS in a two-year-old female patient with the following clinical features: unilateral overgrowth of connective tissue in the right buttock and right foot, where multiple surgeries were performed to achieve a desirable aesthetic outcome and ensure psychological comfort of the young patient. The insights provided by this case underscore the pivotal role of obtaining pleasing aesthetic outcomes in the surgical management of untreatable genetic disorders, with the aim of nurturing psychological contentment in affected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Klimeczek-Chrapusta
- Malopolska Burn and Plastic Surgery Center, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital in Krakow, Cracow, Poland
- Student Scientific Group of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marek Kachnic
- Student Scientific Group of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Chrapusta
- Malopolska Burn and Plastic Surgery Center, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital in Krakow, Cracow, Poland
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4
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Pervanidis KA, D'Angelo GD, Weisner J, Brandherm S, Rauh D. Akt Inhibitor Advancements: From Capivasertib Approval to Covalent-Allosteric Promises. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6052-6063. [PMID: 38592948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Akt kinase is vital in cell growth, survival, metabolism, and migration. Dysregulation of Akt signaling is implicated in cancer and metabolic disorders. In the context of cancer, overactive Akt promotes cell survival and proliferation. This has spurred extensive research into developing Akt inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents to disrupt aberrant Akt signaling. Akt inhibitors are classified into three main types: ATP-competitive, allosteric, and covalent-allosteric inhibitors (CAAIs). ATP-competitive inhibitors compete with ATP for binding to Akt, allosteric inhibitors interact with the Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and covalent-allosteric inhibitors form covalent bonds, making them more potent and selective. Notably, capivasertib (AZD5363), a potent ATP-competitive Akt inhibitor, received FDA approval in November 2023 for use in combination with the estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant to treat breast cancer. Challenges remain, including improving selectivity, identifying biomarkers to tailor treatments, and enhancing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Particularly covalent-allosteric inhibitors hold promise for future more effective and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosmas Alexandros Pervanidis
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Giovanni Danilo D'Angelo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- KyDo Therapeutics, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sven Brandherm
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- KyDo Therapeutics, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Salerni A, Scartozzi L, Piccinni F, Mosca L, Mattei R, Leoni C, Onesimo R, Zampino G, Rizzo S. Multimodal ocular imaging in Proteus syndrome. Eur J Ophthalmol 2023; 33:NP5-NP10. [PMID: 36113118 PMCID: PMC10469497 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221125852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In this report we illustrate the ophthalmologic assessment of two patients affected by Proteus Syndrome (PS), an extremely rare genetic disorder. Case #1 describes a 26 year old male patient followed for multiple ophthalmic anomalies: a limbal dermoid cyst, a unilateral cataract, bilateral nystagmus, severe myopia and unilateral optic nerve head drusen. Case #2 describes a 20 year old female patient referred to our Ophthalmology Department for a routine ophthalmologic evaluation after being treated for 3 years with Miransertib (an experimental AKT-pathway inhibitor). Both patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and a multimodal imaging evaluation. The multimodal imaging approach has revealed useful to evaluate both cases in detail and to keep track of disease evolution over time, moreover providing helpful features to further characterize this rare syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabella Salerni
- Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore”, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Scartozzi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore”, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piccinni
- Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore”, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Mosca
- Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore”, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Mattei
- Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore”, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Leoni
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Onesimo
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stanislao Rizzo
- Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, “Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore”, Rome, Italy
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6
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Chen H, Gao W, Liu H, Sun B, Hua C, Lin X. Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 90:S209-S215. [PMID: 36729078 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway caused by PIK3CA mutations is associated with a category of overgrowth syndromes that are defined as PIK3CA -related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). The clinical features of PROS are highly heterogeneous and usually present as vascular malformations, bone and soft tissue overgrowth, and neurological and visceral abnormalities. Detection of PIK3CA variants is necessary for diagnosis and provides the basis for targeted therapy for PROS. Drugs that inhibit the PI3K pathway offer alternatives to conventional therapies. This article reviews the current knowledge of PROS and summarizes the latest progress in precise treatment, providing new insights into future therapies and research goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Chen
- From the Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Ferguson R, Scurr I, Ours CA, Johnston JJ, Pike K, Spentzou G. Co-occurrence of Proteus syndrome and ventricular tachycardia cardiac arrest in a teenager. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1430-1433. [PMID: 36808868 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Proteus syndrome is an extremely rare overgrowth condition caused by a somatic variant of the AKT1 gene. It can involve multiple organ systems though rarely is there symptomatic cardiac involvement. Fatty infiltration of the myocardium has been described but has not been reported to cause functional or conduction abnormalities. We present an individual with Proteus syndrome who suffered a sudden cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ferguson
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Ingrid Scurr
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher A Ours
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer J Johnston
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katharine Pike
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Georgia Spentzou
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
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8
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Gelb BD, Yohe ME, Wolf C, Andelfinger G. New prospectives on treatment opportunities in RASopathies. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2022; 190:541-560. [PMID: 36533679 PMCID: PMC10150944 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.32024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The RASopathies are a group of clinically defined developmental syndromes caused by germline variants of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) cascade. The prototypic RASopathy is Noonan syndrome, which has phenotypic overlap with related disorders such as cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, Costello syndrome, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, and others. In this state-of-the-art review, we summarize current knowledge on unmet therapeutic needs in these diseases and novel treatment approaches informed by insights from RAS/MAPK-associated cancer therapies, in particular through inhibition of MEK1/2 and mTOR in patients with severe disease manifestations. We explore the possibilities of integrating a larger arsenal of molecules currently under development into future care plans. Lastly, we describe both medical and ethical challenges and opportunities for future clinical trials in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D. Gelb
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marielle E. Yohe
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Cordula Wolf
- Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- CHU Sainte Justine, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Rodón J, Funchain P, Laetsch TW, Arkenau HT, Hervieu A, Singer CF, Murciano-Goroff YR, Chawla SP, Anthony K, Yamamiya I, Liu M, Halim AB, Benhadji KA, Takahashi O, Delaloge S. A phase II study of TAS-117 in patients with advanced solid tumors harboring germline PTEN-inactivating mutations. Future Oncol 2022; 18:3377-3387. [PMID: 36039910 PMCID: PMC10334253 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN acts as a potent tumor suppressor within the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Germline mutations in the PTEN gene are a hallmark of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, which includes Cowden syndrome, where they appear to elevate lifetime risk of cancer. Targeted AKT directed therapy has been proposed as an effective approach in cancer patients having germline PTEN mutations. The mechanism of action, safety and dosing regimen for the novel allosteric AKT inhibitor TAS-117 have been explored in a phase I study in Japan in which activity was observed against certain tumor types. Here we describe the study protocol of an international, two-part phase II study evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and antitumor activity of TAS-117 in patients with advanced solid tumors harboring germline PTEN-inactivating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Rodón
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Theodore W Laetsch
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, & University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, London, UK, & Cancer Institute, University College London, London, W1G 6AD, UK
| | | | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | | | - Sant P Chawla
- Sarcoma Oncology Research Center, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA
| | - Kristin Anthony
- The PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome Foundation, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | | | - Mei Liu
- Taiho Oncology, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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