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Li B, Ye L, Zhang C, Liu R, Wang C, Zhang X, Ji H, Yu H. Effects of glycerol monolaurate on estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormones, offspring quality, and mRNA expression of reproductive-related genes of zebrafish (Danio rerio) females. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01345-2. [PMID: 38625478 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore whether glycerol monolaurate (GML) can improve reproductive performance of female zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the survival percentage of their offspring. Three kinds of isonitrogenous and isolipid diets, including basal diet (control) and basal diet containing 0.75 g/kg GML (L_GML) and 1.5 g/kg GML (H_GML), were prepared for 4 weeks feeding trial. The results show that GML increased the GSI of female zebrafish. GML also enhanced reproductive performance of female zebrafish. Specifically, GML increased spawning number and hatching rate of female zebrafish. Moreover, GML significantly increased the levels of triglycerides (TG), lauric acid, and estradiol (E2) in the ovary (P < 0.05). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the ovary and brain also significantly increased in the L_GML group (P < 0.05). Besides, dietary GML regulated the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis evidenced by the changed expression levels of HPG axis-related genes in the brain and ovary of the L_GML and H_GML groups compared with the control group. Furthermore, compared with the control group, the expression levels of HPG axis-related genes (kiss2, kiss1r, kiss2r, gnrh3, gnrhr1, gnrhr3, lhβ, and esr2b) in the brain of the L_GML group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of HPG axis-related genes (kiss1, kiss2, kiss2r, gnrh2, gnrh3, gnrhr4, fshβ, lhβ, esr1, esr2a, and esr2b) in the brain of the H_GML group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). These results suggest that GML may stimulate the expression of gnrh2 and gnrh3 by increasing the expression level of kiss1 and kiss2 genes in the hypothalamus, thus promoting the synthesis of FSH and E2. The expression levels of genes associated with gonadotropin receptors (fshr and lhr) and gonadal steroid hormone synthesis (cyp11a1, cyp17, and cyp19a) in the ovary were also significantly upregulated by dietary GML (P < 0.05). The increasing expression level of cyp19a also may promote the FSH synthesis. Particularly, GML enhanced the richness and diversity and regulated the species composition of intestinal microbiota in female zebrafish. Changes in certain intestinal microorganisms may be related to the expression of certain genes involved in the HPG axis. In addition, L_GML and H_GML both significantly decreased larvae mortality at 96 h post fertilization and their mortality during the first-feeding period (P < 0.05), revealing the enhanced the starvation tolerance of zebrafish larvae. In summary, dietary GML regulated genes related to HPG axis to promote the synthesis of E2 and FSH and altered gut microbiota in female zebrafish, and improved the survival percentage of their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Limin Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ruofan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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2
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Cavalieri V, Kathrein KL. Editorial: Zebrafish Epigenetics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:977398. [PMID: 36016654 PMCID: PMC9396335 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.977398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Zebrafish Laboratory, Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vincenzo Cavalieri,
| | - Katie L. Kathrein
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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3
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Yang L, Webb SE, Jin N, Lee HM, Chan TF, Xu G, Chan JC, Miller AL, Ma RC. Investigating the role of dachshund b in the development of the pancreatic islet in zebrafish. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:710-727. [PMID: 33449448 PMCID: PMC8089008 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction β‐Cell dysfunction is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. In a previous pilot study, we identified an association between genetic variants within the human DACH1 gene and young‐onset type 2 diabetes. Here, we characterized the function of dachb, the only dach homologue to be expressed in the pancreas, in developing zebrafish embryos. Materials and Methods We injected one‐cell stage embryos with a dachb‐morpholino (MO) or with the dachb‐MO and dachb messenger ribonucleic acid, and determined the effect on the development of the pancreatic islet. We also carried out quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ribonucleic acid sequencing on the dachb‐MO group to determine the effect of dachb knockdown on gene expression. Results MO‐mediated dachb knockdown resulted in impaired islet cell development, with a significant decrease in both the β‐cell and islet cell numbers. This islet developmental defect was rescued when embryos were co‐injected with dachb‐MO and dachb messenger ribonucleic acid. Knockdown of dachb was associated with a significant downregulation of the β‐cell specific marker gene, insa, and the somatostatin cell marker, sst2, as well as regulators of pancreas development, ptf1a, neuroD, pax6a and nkx6.1, and the cell cycle gene, insm1a. Furthermore, ribonucleic sequencing analysis showed an upregulation of genes enriched in the forkhead box O and mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the dachb‐MO group, when compared with the control groups. Conclusions Together, our results suggest the possible role of dachb in islet development in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sarah E Webb
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Nana Jin
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Heung Man Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Teaching and Research Division, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Juliana Cn Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew L Miller
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald Cw Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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4
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Cavalieri V. Histones, Their Variants and Post-translational Modifications in Zebrafish Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:456. [PMID: 32582716 PMCID: PMC7289917 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex multi-cellular organisms are shaped starting from a single-celled zygote, owing to elaborate developmental programs. These programs involve several layers of regulation to orchestrate the establishment of progressively diverging cell type-specific gene expression patterns. In this scenario, epigenetic modifications of chromatin are central in influencing spatiotemporal patterns of gene transcription. In fact, it is generally recognized that epigenetic changes of chromatin states impact on the accessibility of genomic DNA to regulatory proteins. Several lines of evidence highlighted that zebrafish is an excellent vertebrate model for research purposes in the field of developmental epigenetics. In this review, I focus on the dynamic roles recently emerged for histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), histone modifying enzymes, histone variants and histone themselves in the coordination between the precise execution of transcriptional programs and developmental progression in zebrafish. In particular, I first outline a synopsis of the current state of knowledge in this field during early embryogenesis. Then, I present a survey of histone-based epigenetic mechanisms occurring throughout morphogenesis, with a stronger emphasis on cardiac formation. Undoubtedly, the issues addressed in this review take on particular importance in the emerging field of comparative biology of epigenetics, as well as in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Zebrafish Laboratory, Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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5
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Mieskes F, Wehnekamp F, Plucińska G, Thong R, Misgeld T, Lamb DC. Trajectory data of antero- and retrograde movement of mitochondria in living zebrafish larvae. Data Brief 2020; 29:105280. [PMID: 32190718 PMCID: PMC7068625 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a large number of single particle tracking (SPT) approaches have been developed. Generally, SPT techniques can be split into two groups: ex post facto approaches where trajectory extraction is carried out after data acquisition and feedback based approaches that perform particle tracking in real time [1]. One feedback approach is 3D Orbital Tracking, where the laser excitation beam is rotated in a circle about the object, generating a so called orbit [2,3]. By calculating the particle position from the detected intensity after every orbit in relation to its center, this method allows the microscope to follow a single object in real time. The high spatiotemporal resolution of this method and the potential to optically manipulate the followed object during the measurement promises to yield new deep insights into biological systems [4-7]. By upgrading this approach in a way that the specimen is recentered by a xy-stage on the center of the microscope, particle tracking with this long-range tracking feature is no longer limited to the covered field-of-view. This allows for the observation of mitochondrial trafficking in living zebrafish embryos over long distances. Here, we provide the raw data for antero- and retrograde movement of mitochondria labelled with photo-activatable green fluorescent protein (mitoPAGFP). It relates to the scientific article "Nanoresolution real-time 3D orbital tracking for studying mitochondrial trafficking in vertebrate axons in vivo" [8]. By applying a correlation analysis on the trajectories, it is possible to distinguish between active transport and pausing events with less biasing compared to the mean squared displacement approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Mieskes
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nano Science (CENS), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Nanosystems Initiative Muünchen (NIM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Wehnekamp
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nano Science (CENS), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Nanosystems Initiative Muünchen (NIM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriela Plucińska
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SNergy), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universitätt München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rachel Thong
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SNergy), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universitätt München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SNergy), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universitätt München, Munich, Germany
| | - Don C Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nano Science (CENS), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Nanosystems Initiative Muünchen (NIM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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6
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Wehnekamp F, Plucińska G, Thong R, Misgeld T, Lamb DC. Nanoresolution real-time 3D orbital tracking for studying mitochondrial trafficking in vertebrate axons in vivo. eLife 2019; 8:46059. [PMID: 31180320 PMCID: PMC6579510 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the development and in vivo application of a feedback-based tracking microscope to follow individual mitochondria in sensory neurons of zebrafish larvae with nanometer precision and millisecond temporal resolution. By combining various technical improvements, we tracked individual mitochondria with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution over distances of >100 µm. Using these nanoscopic trajectory data, we discriminated five motional states: a fast and a slow directional motion state in both the anterograde and retrograde directions and a stationary state. The transition pattern revealed that, after a pause, mitochondria predominantly persist in the original direction of travel, while transient changes of direction often exhibited longer pauses. Moreover, mitochondria in the vicinity of a second, stationary mitochondria displayed an increased probability to pause. The capability of following and optically manipulating a single organelle with high spatiotemporal resolution in a living organism offers a new approach to elucidating their function in its complete physiological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wehnekamp
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nano Science (CENS), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) and Nanosystems Initiative München (NIM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriela Plucińska
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SNergy), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rachel Thong
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SNergy), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SNergy), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Don C Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nano Science (CENS), Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) and Nanosystems Initiative München (NIM), Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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7
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Bentley K, Chakravartula S. The temporal basis of angiogenesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:rstb.2015.0522. [PMID: 28348255 PMCID: PMC5379027 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of new blood vessel growth (angiogenesis) is highly dynamic, involving complex coordination of multiple cell types. Though the process must carefully unfold over time to generate functional, well-adapted branching networks, we seldom hear about the time-based properties of angiogenesis, despite timing being central to other areas of biology. Here, we present a novel, time-based formulation of endothelial cell behaviour during angiogenesis and discuss a flurry of our recent, integrated in silico/in vivo studies, put in context to the wider literature, which demonstrate that tissue conditions can locally adapt the timing of collective cell behaviours/decisions to grow different vascular network architectures. A growing array of seemingly unrelated ‘temporal regulators’ have recently been uncovered, including tissue derived factors (e.g. semaphorins or the high levels of VEGF found in cancer) and cellular processes (e.g. asymmetric cell division or filopodia extension) that act to alter the speed of cellular decisions to migrate. We will argue that ‘temporal adaptation’ provides a novel account of organ/disease-specific vascular morphology and reveals ‘timing’ as a new target for therapeutics. We therefore propose and explain a conceptual shift towards a ‘temporal adaptation’ perspective in vascular biology, and indeed other areas of biology where timing remains elusive. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Systems morphodynamics: understanding the development of tissue hardware’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Bentley
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA .,Cellular Adaptive Behaviour Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shilpa Chakravartula
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Cavalieri V, Spinelli G. Environmental epigenetics in zebrafish. Epigenetics Chromatin 2017; 10:46. [PMID: 28982377 PMCID: PMC5629768 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-017-0154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the epigenome can act as the link between environmental cues, both external and internal, to the organism and phenotype by converting the environmental stimuli to phenotypic responses through changes in gene transcription outcomes. Environmental stress endured by individual organisms can also enforce epigenetic variations in offspring that had never experienced it directly, which is termed transgenerational inheritance. To date, research in the environmental epigenetics discipline has used a wide range of both model and non-model organisms to elucidate the various epigenetic mechanisms underlying the adaptive response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we discuss the advantages of the zebrafish model for studying how environmental toxicant exposures affect the regulation of epigenetic processes, especially DNA methylation, which is the best-studied epigenetic mechanism. We include several very recent studies describing the state-of-the-art knowledge on this topic in zebrafish, together with key concepts in the function of DNA methylation during vertebrate embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cavalieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Edificio 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy. .,Zebrafish Laboratory, Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Edificio 18, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Spinelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Edificio 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
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9
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Engerer P, Suzuki SC, Yoshimatsu T, Chapouton P, Obeng N, Odermatt B, Williams PR, Misgeld T, Godinho L. Uncoupling of neurogenesis and differentiation during retinal development. EMBO J 2017; 36:1134-1146. [PMID: 28258061 PMCID: PMC5412767 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201694230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, neuronal development is regarded to follow a stereotypic sequence of neurogenesis, migration, and differentiation. We demonstrate that this notion is not a general principle of neuronal development by documenting the timing of mitosis in relation to multiple differentiation events for bipolar cells (BCs) in the zebrafish retina using in vivo imaging. We found that BC progenitors undergo terminal neurogenic divisions while in markedly disparate stages of neuronal differentiation. Remarkably, the differentiation state of individual BC progenitors at mitosis is not arbitrary but matches the differentiation state of post‐mitotic BCs in their surround. By experimentally shifting the relative timing of progenitor division and differentiation, we provide evidence that neurogenesis and differentiation can occur independently of each other. We propose that the uncoupling of neurogenesis and differentiation could provide neurogenic programs with flexibility, while allowing for synchronous neuronal development within a continuously expanding cell pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Engerer
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sachihiro C Suzuki
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Takeshi Yoshimatsu
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Prisca Chapouton
- Sensory Biology and Organogenesis, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nancy Obeng
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Odermatt
- Anatomisches Institut, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip R Williams
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany .,Center of Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Leanne Godinho
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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10
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Wang K, Milkie D, Saxena A, Engerer P, Misgeld T, Bronner ME, Mumm J, Betzig E. Rapid adaptive optical recovery of optimal resolution over large volumes. Nat Methods 2014; 11:625-8. [PMID: 24727653 PMCID: PMC4069208 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Using a descanned, laser-induced guide star and direct wavefront sensing, we demonstrate adaptive correction of complex optical aberrations at high numerical aperture (NA) and a 14-ms update rate. This correction permits us to compensate for the rapid spatial variation in aberration often encountered in biological specimens and to recover diffraction-limited imaging over large volumes (>240 mm per side). We applied this to image fine neuronal processes and subcellular dynamics within the zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA
| | - Dan Milkie
- Coleman Technologies, Inc., Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ankur Saxena
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Peter Engerer
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne E. Bronner
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Jeff Mumm
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eric Betzig
- Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA
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Abstract
Mitochondria provide ATP, maintain calcium homeostasis, and regulate apoptosis. Neurons, due to their size and complex geometry, are particularly dependent on the proper functioning and distribution of mitochondria. Thus disruptions of these organelles and their transport play a central role in a broad range of neurodegenerative diseases. While in vitro studies have greatly expanded our knowledge of mitochondrial dynamics, our understanding in vivo remains limited. To address this shortcoming, we developed tools to study mitochondrial dynamics in vivo in optically accessible zebrafish. We demonstrate here that our newly generated tools, including transgenic "MitoFish," can be used to study the in vivo "life cycle" of mitochondria and allows identifying pharmacological and genetic modulators of mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore we observed profound mitochondrial transport deficits in real time in a zebrafish tauopathy model. By rescuing this phenotype using MARK2 (microtubule-affinity regulating kinase 2), we provide direct in vivo evidence that this kinase regulates axonal transport in a Tau-dependent manner. Thus, our approach allows detailed studies of the dynamics of mitochondria in their natural environment under normal and disease conditions.
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12
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Williams PR, Morgan JL, Kerschensteiner D, Wong ROL. In vivo imaging of zebrafish retina. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2013; 2013:2013/1/pdb.prot072652. [PMID: 23282640 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot072652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal circuits of the vertebrate retina are organized into stereotyped laminae. This orderly arrangement makes the retina an ideal model system for imaging studies aimed at understanding how circuits assemble during development. In particular, live-cell imaging techniques are readily applied to the developing retina to monitor dynamic changes over time in cell structure and connectivity. Such imaging studies have collectively revealed novel strategies by which retinal neurons contact their presynaptic and postsynaptic partners to establish synaptic connections. We describe here the procedures developed in our laboratory for confocal and multiphoton live-cell imaging of the developing retina using in vivo preparations. Zebrafish larvae are an ideal specimen for in vivo imaging experiments as they can be made to remain transparent throughout development. Isolated retinal cells can be readily labeled by DNA injection into the one-cell staged embryo, or via transplantation of fluorescently labeled cells from stable transgenics.
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13
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Lombardo VA, Sporbert A, Abdelilah-Seyfried S. Cell tracking using photoconvertible proteins during zebrafish development. J Vis Exp 2012:4350. [PMID: 23052298 DOI: 10.3791/4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryogenesis is a dynamic process that is best studied by using techniques that allow the documentation of developmental changes in vivo. The use of genetically-encoded fluorescent proteins has proven a valuable strategy for elucidating dynamic morphogenetic processes as they occur in the intact organism. During the past decade, the development of photoactivatable and photoconvertible fluorescent proteins has opened the possibility to investigate the fate of discrete subpopulations of tagged proteins. Unlike photoactivatable proteins, photoconvertible fluorescent proteins (PCFPs) are readily tracked and imaged in their native emission state prior to photoconversion, making it easier to identify and select regions by optical inspection. PCFPs, such as Kaede, KikGR, Dendra and EosFP, can be shifted from green to red upon exposure to UV or blue light due to a His-Tyr-Gly tripeptide sequence which forms a green chromophore that can be photoconverted to a red one by a light-catalyzed β-elimination and subsequent extension of a π-conjugated system. PCFPs and their monomeric variants are useful tools for tracking cells and studying protein dynamics, respectively. During recent years, PCFPs have been expressed in different animal model, such as zebrafish, chicken and mouse for cell fate tracking. Here we report a protocol for cell-specific photoconversion of PCFPs in the living zebrafish embryo and further tracking of photoconverted proteins at later developmental stages. This methodology allows studying, in a tissue-specific manner, cell biological events underlying morphogenesis in the zebrafish animal model.
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Godinho L. Injecting zebrafish with DNA or RNA constructs encoding fluorescent protein reporters. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2011; 2011:871-874. [PMID: 21724811 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot5644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTIONIn the last two decades, the small tropical freshwater-dwelling zebrafish has emerged as a popular model for developmental biologists. The exceptional optical accessibility of zebrafish embryos coupled with the ability to use genetic tools to indelibly tag cells have been exploited to watch developmental events as they unfold. Moreover, because zebrafish are vertebrates, the knowledge gained through such studies is broadly applicable. Injecting zebrafish with constructs that encode fluorescent proteins is a versatile method for labeling cells and tissues for imaging. The method, described here, can be used to generate transiently or stably transfected organisms showing ubiquitous or mosaic patterns of fluorescence.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTIONIn the last two decades, the small tropical freshwater-dwelling zebrafish has emerged as a popular model for developmental biologists. The exceptional optical accessibility of zebrafish embryos coupled with the ability to use genetic tools to indelibly tag cells have been exploited to watch developmental events as they unfold. Moreover, because zebrafish are vertebrates, the knowledge gained through such studies is broadly applicable. This protocol describes the construction of a microinjection chamber for zebrafish eggs. Several microinjection chambers can be made, can be stored at 4°C, and can be used for several weeks until the injection trenches become damaged through repeated use and/or mold begins to grow on the agarose.
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Godinho L. Using intravital dyes to ubiquitously label embryonic zebrafish. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2011; 2011:877-8. [PMID: 21724809 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot5646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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