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Trivikram TM, Salumbides EJ, Jungen C, Ubachs W. Excitation of H 2 at large internuclear separation: outer well states and continuum resonances. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1599457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Trivikram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. J. Salumbides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ch. Jungen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - W. Ubachs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Hölsch N, Beyer M, Merkt F. Nonadiabatic effects on the positions and lifetimes of the low-lying rovibrational levels of the GK 1Σ and H 1Σ states of H 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26837-26845. [PMID: 30328429 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05233f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The term values of rovibrational levels of the GK 1Σ+g and H 1Σ+g states of H2 have been measured with absolute and relative accuracies down to 10-4 cm-1 (≈3 MHz) and 10-6 cm-1 (≈30 kHz), respectively, by measuring transitions to long-lived high-n Rydberg states using single-mode cw laser radiation and a collimated supersonic beam of cold H2 molecules. The term values are compared with those determined in earlier experimental and theoretical investigations and the comparison points at discrepancies and a need for improved theoretical treatments of nonadiabatic, relativistic and radiative corrections for these states. The lifetimes of several low-lying rovibrational levels of the GK, H and I+ 1Πg states have been determined in pump-probe experiments. These lifetimes reveal a significant dependence on the electronic, vibrational and rotational excitation and also deviate from results obtained in earlier experimental and theoretical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Hölsch
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Rovibrationally Resolved Time-Dependent Collisional-Radiative Model of Molecular Hydrogen and Its Application to a Fusion Detached Plasma. ATOMS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms4040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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4
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Sprecher D, Liu J, Krähenmann T, Schäfer M, Merkt F. High-resolution spectroscopy and quantum-defect model for the gerade triplet np and nf Rydberg states of He2. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:064304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4864002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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5
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Sprecher D, Jungen C, Merkt F. Spectrum of the Autoionizing Triplet Gerade Rydberg States of H2 and its Analysis Using Multichannel Quantum-Defect Theory. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:9462-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311793t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sprecher
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Jungen
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton
du CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Viteri CR, Gilkison AT, Grant ER. The np Rydberg series of boron monohydride: l-uncoupling and Rydberg electron interactions with the rovibrational motion of the ion core. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:214312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4723807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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7
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Viteri CR, Grant ER. The np Rydberg series of boron monohydride: l-uncoupling and its evolution for intermediate principal quantum numbers n = 4 to n = 11. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:214311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4723806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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8
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Glass-Maujean M, Jungen C, Roudjane M, Tchang-Brillet WÜL. Theory of vibronic interactions in D2 and H2: A comparison between multichannel-quantum-defect and coupled-equation approaches. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:204305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3593274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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9
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Kay JJ, Coy SL, Wong BM, Jungen C, Field RW. A quantum defect model for the s, p, d, and f Rydberg series of CaF. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:114313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3565967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Kay
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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10
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Ivanov TI, de Lange CA, Ubachs W. Spectral identification of diffuse resonances in H2 above the n = 2 dissociation limit. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:054309. [PMID: 21303122 DOI: 10.1063/1.3544300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The resonance structure in molecular hydrogen above the n = 2 dissociation limit is experimentally investigated in a 1 XUV + 1 VIS coherent two-step laser excitation process, with subsequent ionization of H(n = 2) products. Diffuse spectral features exhibiting widths of several cm(-1) in the excitation range of 118,500-120,500 cm(-1) are probed. Information on angular momentum selection rules for parallel and crossed polarizations, combination differences, the para-ortho distinction, extrapolation from rovibrational structure in the bound region below the n = 2 threshold, and mass-selective detection of H(2)(+) parent and H(+) daughter fragments is used as input. This allows for an assignment of the diffuse resonances observed in terms of (1)Σ(g)(+), (1)Π(g), and (1)Δ(g) states, specified with vibrational and rotational quantum numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T I Ivanov
- Institute for Lasers, Life and BioPhotonics, VU University, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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12
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Bailly D, Vervloet M. Rotational analysis of the molecular hydrogen triplet 3s,dcomplex revisited. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701308448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Varlan A, Duca M, Fifirig M. Competition between reaction channels in electron collisions of vibrationally excited. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2010.505211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Bailly D, Salumbides E, Vervloet M, Ubachs W. Accurate level energies in the EF1, GK1, H1, B1, , B′1, , , J1Δgstates of H2. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970903413350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Ross SC, Fujii M, Ando J, Tsukiyama∥ K. Metastable rovibrational f -symmetry levels of the I 1 Π g state of H 2, HD and D 2: experiment and theory. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701408289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Editorial: Christian Jungen. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701524457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Astashkevich SA, Lavrov BP. The radiative characteristics of the rovibronic states of the hydrogen molecule: III. The probabilities of the h 3Σ g + , g 3Σ g + , i 3Π g + , j 3Δ g + → c 3Π u ± spontaneous transitions in the H2 molecule. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793107030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Paul THA, Cruse HA, Wörner HJ, Merkt F. Structure and dynamics of the high gerade Rydberg states of D2 in the vicinity of the adiabatic ionization threshold. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970601146898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ross SC, Yoshinari T, Ogi Y, Tsukiyama K. Decay dynamics of the long-range H¯Σg+1 state of D2 and H2: Experiment and theory. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:133205. [PMID: 17029452 DOI: 10.1063/1.2264331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present accurate experimental measurements of the lifetimes of rovibrational levels of the long-range H1Sigmag+ state for both D2 and H2, obtained directly from the observation of the time-dependent decay of the fluorescence from these excited levels. These results improve upon and extend those of Reinhold et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 112, 10754 (2000)]. Several decay pathways are open to these levels including fluorescence, predissociation, and autoionization. We present theoretical results for each of these processes, each calculated using the simplest but still appropriate level of theory. In particular, the theoretical calculations provide a quantitative explanation of the dramatic vibrational dependence of the observed lifetimes, the isotope dependence of the lifetimes for levels well localized within the H potential well and therefore not subject to significant tunneling, and an insight into the role of enhanced tunneling in autoionization. In these calculations each of the rovibrational levels of the H state is treated individually, without having to engage in a global coupled-state calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Ross
- Department of Physics and Centre for Laser, Atomic, and Molecular Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3 Canada.
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Abstract
▪ Abstract The vibrationally autoionizing Rydberg states of small polyatomic molecules provide a fascinating laboratory in which to study fundamental nonadiabatic processes. In this review, recent results on the vibrational mode dependence of vibrational autoionization are discussed. In general, autoionization rates depend strongly on the character of the normal mode driving the process and on the electronic character of the Rydberg electron. Although quantitative calculations based on multichannel quantum defect theory are available for some polyatomic molecules, including H3, only qualitative information exists for most molecules. This review shows how qualitative information, such as Walsh diagrams along different normal coordinates of the molecule, can provide insight into the vibrational autoionization rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Pratt
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 USA.
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Aguirre F, Pratt ST. Photoionization and photodissociation dynamics of the B 1Σu+ and C 1Πu states of H2 and D2. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:9855-64. [PMID: 15549858 DOI: 10.1063/1.1810511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoionization and photodissociation dynamics of H(2) and D(2) in selected rovibrational levels of the B (1)Sigma(u) (+) and C (1)Pi(u) states have been investigated by velocity map ion imaging. The selected rotational levels of the B (1)Sigma(u) (+) and C (1)Pi(u) states are prepared by three-photon excitation from the ground state. The absorption of fourth photon results in photoionization to produce H(2)(+) X (2)Sigma(g)(+) or photodissociation to produce a ground-state H(1s) atom and an excited H atom with n >or= 2. The H(2) (+) ion can be photodissociated by absorption of a fifth photon. The resulting H(+) or D(+) ion images provide information on the vibrational state dependence of the photodissociation angular distribution of the molecular ion. The excited H(n >or= 2) atoms produced by the neutral dissociation process can also be ionized by the absorption of a fifth photon. The resulting ion images provide insight into the excited state branching ratios and angular distributions of the neutral photodissociation process. While the experimental ion images contain information on both the ionic and neutral processes, these can be separated based on constraints imposed on the fragment translational energies. The angular distribution of the rings in the ion images indicates that the neutral dissociation of molecular hydrogen and its isotopes is quite complex, and involves coupling to both doubly excited electronic states and the dissociation continua of singly excited Rydberg states.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Aguirre
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Gilkison AT, Viteri CR, Grant ER. Coupling of electron orbital motion with rotation in the high Rydberg states of BH. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:173005. [PMID: 15169146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.173005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have applied optical-optical-optical triple resonance spectroscopy to resolve a system of high Rydberg states in BH that serves quantitatively to characterize a fundamental example of electron-orbital-cation core rotational coupling. The third-color ionization-detected absorption spectrum originating from the photoselected 3s B1Sigma+ Rydberg state with vibrational and total angular momentum quantum numbers, v'=1 and N'=0 consists entirely of vibrationally autoionizing resonances for which final N=1 that converge in series to the BH+v+=1 rotational limits, N+=0, 1, and 2. For series with l=1 converging to N+=0 and 2, Rydberg orbital and rotational angular momenta couple to systematically perturb level energies and distribute lifetime in a well-isolated two-channel rotronic interaction that spans hundreds of wave numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Gilkison
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Kiyoshima T, Sato S, Pazyuk EA, Stolyarov AV, Child MS. Lifetime measurements and quantum-defect theory treatment of the k 3Πu− state of hydrogen molecule. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1524176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Pazyuk EA, Pupyshev VI, Stolyarov AV, Kiyoshima T. Molecular hydrogen 3s,d 3Λg+ complex revisited. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1462616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Staszewska G. Transition Moments between w3Πg State and the First Three 3Σu and 3Πu States of the Hydrogen Molecule. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp003781z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Staszewska
- Institute of Physics, Nicholas Copernicus University, ul. Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Zückerman EJ, Mayer EE, Foltynowicz RJ, Robinson JD, Jen SH, Konopka MC, Sanford T, Hedderich HG, Chen IC, Grant ER. Double-resonance spectroscopy of the high Rydberg states of HCO. V. Rovibronic interactions and l-uncoupling in the (010) manifold. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1290032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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27
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Wolniewicz L. Relativistic corrections to the energies of the EF, GK, and HH̄ 1Σg states of the hydrogen molecule. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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James GK, Ajello JM, Pryor WR. The middle ultraviolet-visible spectrum of H2excited by electron impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97je03692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Wolniewicz L. Nonadiabatic corrections to the lowest EF 1Σg and I 1Πg− vibrational levels of the hydrogen molecule. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ray MD, Lafyatis GP. Precision lifetime measurements in H2: Disagreement with theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 76:2662-2665. [PMID: 10060757 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.2662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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31
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Hinnen PC, Werners SE, Stolte S, Hogervorst W, Ubachs W. xuv-laser spectroscopy of HD at 92-98 nm. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:4425-4433. [PMID: 9912779 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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