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Jeromel L, Ogrinc N, Siketić Z, Vavpetič P, Rupnik Z, Bučar K, Jenčič B, Kelemen M, Vencelj M, Vogel-Mikuš K, Kovač J, Heeren RMA, Flinders B, Cuypers E, Barba Ž, Pelicon P. Molecular imaging of humain hair with MeV-SIMS: A case study of cocaine detection and distribution in the hair of a cocaine user. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263338. [PMID: 35333862 PMCID: PMC8956162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hair absorbs numerous biomolecules from the body during its growth. This can act as a fingerprint to determine substance intake of an individual, which can be useful in forensic studies. The cocaine concentration profile along the growth axis of hair indicates the time evolution of the metabolic incorporation of cocaine usage. It could be either assessed by chemical extraction and further analysis of hair bundels, or by direct single hair fibre analysis with mass spectroscopy imaging (MSI). Within this work, we analyzed the cocaine distribution in individual hair samples using MeV-SIMS. Unlike conventional surface analysis methods, we demonstrate high yields of nonfragmented molecular ions from the surface of biological materials, resulting in high chemical sensitivity and non-destructive characterisation. Hair samples were prepared by longitudinally cutting along the axis of growth, leaving half-cylindrical shape to access the interior structure of the hair by the probing ion beam, and attached to the silicon wafer. A focused 5.8 MeV 35Cl6+ beam was scanned across the intact, chemically pristine hair structure. A non-fragmented protonated [M+ H]+ cocaine molecular peak at m/z = 304 was detected and localized along the cross-section of the hair. Its intensity exhibits strong fluctuations along the direction of the hair’s growth, with pronounced peaks as narrow as 50 micrometres, corresponding to a metabolic incorporation time of approx. three hours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Ogrinc
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, ER Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Kovač
- Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, ER Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bryn Flinders
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, ER Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Cuypers
- The Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, ER Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- KU Leuven Toxicology & Pharmacology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Žiga Barba
- Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-Ljubljana, Slovenia
- * E-mail:
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Brajković M, Barac M, Bogdanović Radović I, Siketić Z. Dependence of Megaelectron Volt Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Secondary Molecular Ion Yield from Phthalocyanine Blue on Primary Ion Stopping Power. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1518-1524. [PMID: 32453593 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF SIMS) is a well-established mass spectrometry technique used for the chemical analysis of both organic and inorganic materials. In the last ten years, many advances have been made to improve the yield of secondary molecular ions, especially those desorbed from the surfaces of organic samples. For this reason, cluster ion beams with kiloelectron volt energies for the excitation were mostly used. Alternatively, single-ion beams with megaelectron volt energies can be applied, as was done in the present work. It is well-known that a secondary molecule/ion yield depends strongly on the primary ion stopping power, but the nature of this dependence is not completely clear. Therefore, in the present work, the secondary ion yield from the phthalocyanine blue (C32H16CuN8, organic pigment) was measured for the various combinations of ion masses, energies, and charge states. Measured values were compared with the existing models for ion sputtering. An increase in the secondary yield with the primary ion energy, electronic stopping, velocity, and charge state was found for different types of primary ions. Although this general behavior is valid for all primary ions, there is no single parameter that can describe the measured results for all primary ions at once.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Brajković
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Barac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Zdravko Siketić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Jenčič B, Vavpetič P, Kelemen M, Pelicon P. Secondary Ion Yield and Fragmentation of Biological Molecules by Employing 35Cl Primary Ions within the MeV Energy Domain. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:117-123. [PMID: 32881522 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MeV-SIMS is an emerging mass spectrometry imaging method that employs fast, heavy ions to desorb secondary molecules from the analyzed sample. High yields and low fragmentation rates of large molecules, associated with the dominating electronic sputtering process, make it particularly useful in biomedical research, where insight into the distribution of organic molecules is vital. Both yield and fragmentation of desorbed molecules in MeV-SIMS rely on characteristics of the primary ion but may also be impaired by poor instrumental settings. After utilizing secondary ion optics in the linear mass spectrometer at the micro-analytical center of the Jožef Stefan Institute, we demonstrate very efficient detection of secondary ions. As a result, the secondary ion yield, using such settings, solely depends on the species and the characteristics of the primary ion. In order to analyze the yield dependence on the primary ion energy, and the corresponding stopping power within the electronic excitation regime, we used a continuous electron multiplier detector to measure the primary ion current during each measurement of the mass spectra. Secondary ion yield as a function of the primary ion energy and charge is presented as well as fragmentation rates of organic molecules arginine and leu-enkephalin. Other influential instrumental drawbacks are also studied, and their effect on the results is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan Jenčič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Vavpetič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kelemen
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Jenčič B, Vavpetič P, Kelemen M, Vencelj M, Vogel-Mikuš K, Kavčič A, Pelicon P. MeV-SIMS TOF Imaging of Organic Tissue with Continuous Primary Beam. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1801-1812. [PMID: 31250317 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MeV-SIMS is an emerging mass spectrometry imaging method, which utilizes fast, heavy ions to desorb secondary molecules. High yields and low fragmentation rates of large molecules, associated with the electronic sputtering process, make it particularly useful in biomedical research, where insight into distribution of organic molecules is needed. Since the implementation of MeV-SIMS in to the micro-beam line at the tandem accelerator of Jožef Stefan Institute, MeV-SIMS provided some valuable observations on the distribution of biomolecules in plant tissue, as discussed by Jenčič et al. (Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res. B. 371, 205-210, 2016; Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res. B. 404, 140-145, 2017). However, limited focusing ability of the chlorine ion beam only allowed imaging at the tissue level. In order to surpass shortcomings of the existing method, we introduced a new approach, where we employ a continuous, low-current primary beam. In this mode, we bombard thin samples with a steady chlorine ion flux of approx. 5000 ions/s. After desorbing molecules, chlorine ions penetrate through the thinly cut sample and trigger the time-of-flight "start" signal on a continuous electron multiplier detector, positioned behind the sample. Such bombardment is more effective than previously used pulsing-beam mode, which demanded several orders of magnitude higher primary ion beam currents. Sub-micrometer focusing of low-current primary ion beam allows imaging of biological tissue on a subcellular scale. Simultaneously, new time-of-flight acquisition approach also improves mass resolution by a factor of 5. Within the article, we compare the performance of both methods and demonstrate the application of continuous mode on biological tissue. We also describe the thin sample preparation protocol, necessary for measurements with low primary ion currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan Jenčič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Vavpetič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kelemen
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Vencelj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 11, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Kavčič
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 11, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Seah MP, Gilmore IS. Cluster primary ion sputtering: correlations in secondary ion intensities in TOF SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Seah MP, Gilmore IS, Green FM. G-SIMS: relative effectiveness of different monatomic primary ion source combinations. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:599-602. [PMID: 19160352 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An analysis is made of the characteristics of monatomic primary ion sources to generate G-SIMS (gentle SIMS) spectra. In previous studies, this is resolved into the parameter beta that describes the relative intensities of ions in the series C(n)H(n+2-i) as i changes. For this, data from polystyrene are most extensive. It is found that the experimental beta values, which relate to the emitted secondary ion fragment surface plasma temperatures, are accurately described by an empirical fit involving the ratio of the sputtering yield and the mass of the primary ion. This description covers data for Ar(+), Bi(+), Cs(+), Ga(+), Mn(+) and Xe(+) monatomic primary ions with energies in the range 4 to 25 keV, placing them in a coherent framework, and permits the performance of any other monatomic primary ion to be predicted. This shows that, of all monatomic primary ions, Bi will yield the highest beta values and Mn the lowest. Since the G-SIMS spectra are ratios, a ratio involving spectra using these primary ions gives the maximum signal quality possible and these are therefore recommended for use. The previous choice of these ions for a combined G-SIMS source, based on practical considerations, is thus shown to be optimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P Seah
- Division of Quality of Life, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
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Håkansson K, Zubarev RA, Coorey RV, Talrose VL, Håkansson P. Interaction between explosive and analyte layers in explosive matrix-assisted plasma desorption mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 1999; 13:1169-1174. [PMID: 10407293 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(19990630)13:12<1169::aid-rcm617>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An HMX/insulin two-layer system was chosen as a model for further investigation of the matrix properties of explosive materials for protein analytes in plasma desorption mass spectrometry. The dependencies of the molecular ion yield and average charge state as a function of the analyte thickness were studied. An increase in the charge state of multiply protonated molecular species was confirmed as the major matrix effect, with the average charge state z at the smallest thickness studied being higher than in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and closer to the value obtained in electrospray ionization under standard acidic conditions. Observed charge state distributions are significantly narrower than the corresponding Poisson distributions, which suggests that the protonation of insulin is limited in plasma desorption by the number of basic sites in the molecule, similar to electrospray ionization. Both the curve displaying total molecular ion yield and the one showing the total charge (proton) yield as a function of the insulin thickness have maxima at a thickness different from an insulin monolayer. These observations diminish the significance of a matrix/analyte interface mechanism for the explosive matrix assistance. Instead, a mechanism related to the chemical energy release during conversion of the explosive after the ion impact is proposed. As additional mechanisms, enhanced protonation of the analyte through collisions with products of the explosive decay is considered, as well as electron scavenging by other products, which leads to a higher survival probability of positively charged protein molecular ions. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Håkansson
- Ion Physics Division, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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de Castro C, Bitensky I, da Silveira E, Most M, Wien K. Energy distribution of H+ ions desorbed from metal surfaces by MeV ion impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1176(97)00276-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Brunelle A, Della-Negra S, Deprun C, Depauw J, Håkansson P, Jacquet D, le Beyec Y, Pautrat M. High desorption—ionization yields of large biomolecules induced by fast C60 projectiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1176(97)00057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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10
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Daya D, Demirev P, Eriksson J, Hallén A, Håkansson P, Johnson R, Kopniczky J, Papaléo R, Reimann C, Rottler J, Sundqvist B. Interaction of MEV atomic ions with molecular solids: Ion track structure and sputtering phenomena. RADIAT MEAS 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4487(97)00048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Eriksson J, Demirev P, Håkansson P, Papaléo RM, Sundqvist BU. Total yield and polar-angle distributions of biomolecules sputtered by fast heavy ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:15025-15033. [PMID: 9985558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Papaléo RM, Hallén A, Sundqvist BU, Farenzena L, Livi RP, Johnson RE. Chemical damage in poly(phenylene sulphide) from fast ions: Dependence on the primary-ion stopping power. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:2303-2313. [PMID: 9983732 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.2303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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13
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A plasma desorption mass spectrometry study of CHn+ and C2Hn+ ion formation from frozen organic surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(95)04180-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Demirev P, Brinkmalm G, Eriksson J, Papaléo R, Håkansson P, Sundqvist BU. Delayed electron emission from electronically sputtered C60- ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:9636-9639. [PMID: 9975031 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.9636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Tombrello T. The role played by fast electrons in heavy-ion-induced desorption and track formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(93)80065-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Fenyo D. Sputtering by a sum of impulses: The effect of finite track width. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:8263-8264. [PMID: 10004839 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.8263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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19
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Brinkmalm G, Demirev P, Fenyö D, Håkansson P, Kopniczky J, Sundqvist BU. Formation of fullerenes in MeV-ion sputtering from organic solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:7560-7567. [PMID: 10004752 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.7560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Jeronymo JM, Pinho RR, Baptista GB, Schweikert EA, Park MA. Secondary-ion emission from phenylalanine induced by atomic and molecular MeV ion beams. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:12218-12221. [PMID: 10001256 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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Demirev P, Brinkmalm G, Fenyö D, H»kansson P, Sundqvist B. Radial velocities of ejected ions: implications for the mechanisms of molecular ion formation in plasma desorption mass spectrometry of biomolecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(91)85047-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Schmidt R, Schoppmann C, Brandl D, Ostrowski A, Voit H, Johannsmann D, Knoll W. Heavy-ion-induced desorption of organic molecules studied with Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:560-566. [PMID: 9999154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Brandl D, Schoppmann C, Schmidt R, Nees B, Ostrowski A, Voit H. Dependence of the heavy-ion-induced desorption yield on the primary-ion energy loss. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:5253-5260. [PMID: 9997917 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.5253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Fenyö D, Sundqvist BU, Karlsson BR, Johnson RE. Molecular-dynamics study of electronic sputtering of large organic molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:1895-1902. [PMID: 9995630 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Showell JS, Fales HM, Sokoloski EA. Quantitative variability in the252Cf plasma desorption mass spectra of triglycerides and waxes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/oms.1210240820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Johnson RE, Sundqvist BU, Hedin A, Fenyö D. Sputtering by fast ions based on a sum of impulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:49-53. [PMID: 9990881 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Riggi F, Spina RM. Mass spectrometric investigation of desorbed ions from a valine sample by252Cf fission fragments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02455287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Desorption of secondary negative ions induced by impact of heavy ions near the bohr velocity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(89)85017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Salehpour M, Fishel DL, Hunt JE. Nonlinear effects in desorption of valine with fast incident molecular ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:12320-12328. [PMID: 9946171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Nieschler E, Nees B, Voit H. Charge-state dependence of fast heavy-ion-induced desorption yields described in a thermal model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:8645-8651. [PMID: 9945639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.8645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Torrisi L, Coffa S, Foti G, Johnson RE, Chrisey DB, Boring JW. Threshold dependence in the electronic sputtering of condensed sulfur. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:1516-1519. [PMID: 9946416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Nieschler E, Nees B, Voit H, Beining P, Scheer J. Macroscopic description of fast heavy-ion-induced desorption yields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:9197-9207. [PMID: 9944303 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.9197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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King B, Tsong I, Lin S. Mechanisms of ion-induced desorption of large molecules and clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)87059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Whitlow HJ, Hautala M, Sundqvist BU. Collision cascade parameters for slow particles impinging on biomolecule targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)87058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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36
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Säve G, Håkansson P, Sundqvist B, Söderström E, Lindquist SE, Berg J. Desorption of secondary ions from Langmuir-Blodgett films following bombardment with fast heavy ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)87054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The influence of sample preparation on molecular ion formation in plasma desorption mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)87051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Wien K, Becker O, Guthier W, Della-Negra S, Le Beyec Y, Monart B, Standing K, Maynard G, Deutsch C. The charge state dependence of desorption. A way to study the energy transfer to the surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)87055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Williams P, Sundqvist B. Mechanism of sputtering of large biomolecular ions by impact of highly ionizing particles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 58:1031-1034. [PMID: 10034314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Lucchese RR. Thermal spike model for heavy ion induced desorption from surfaces. J Chem Phys 1987. [DOI: 10.1063/1.452584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wen K, Becker O, Guthier W. Secondary ion emission from insulators induced by fast heavy ion impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578608209632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Della-Negra S, Deprun C, Le Beyec Y. Le spectromètre de masse à temps de vol DEPIL et son utilisation pour la mesure de masses de protéines élevées dépassant 5 000 u : insuline et lyzozyme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1051/rphysap:01986002106040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Dartyge E, Sigmund P. Tracks of heavy ions in muscovite mica: Analysis of the rate of production of radiation defects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1985; 32:5429-5431. [PMID: 9937760 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.32.5429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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