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Agnes P, Albuquerque IFM, Alexander T, Alton AK, Ave M, Back HO, Batignani G, Biery K, Bocci V, Bonivento WM, Bottino B, Bussino S, Cadeddu M, Cadoni M, Calaprice F, Caminata A, Campos MD, Canci N, Caravati M, Cargioli N, Cariello M, Carlini M, Cataudella V, Cavalcante P, Cavuoti S, Chashin S, Chepurnov A, Cicalò C, Covone G, D'Angelo D, Davini S, De Candia A, De Cecco S, De Filippis G, De Rosa G, Derbin AV, Devoto A, D'Incecco M, Dionisi C, Dordei F, Downing M, D'Urso D, Fairbairn M, Fiorillo G, Franco D, Gabriele F, Galbiati C, Ghiano C, Giganti C, Giovanetti GK, Goretti AM, Grilli di Cortona G, Grobov A, Gromov M, Guan M, Gulino M, Hackett BR, Herner K, Hessel T, Hosseini B, Hubaut F, Hungerford EV, Ianni A, Ippolito V, Keeter K, Kendziora CL, Kimura M, Kochanek I, Korablev D, Korga G, Kubankin A, Kuss M, La Commara M, Lai M, Li X, Lissia M, Longo G, Lychagina O, Machulin IN, Mapelli LP, Mari SM, Maricic J, Messina A, Milincic R, Monroe J, Morrocchi M, Mougeot X, Muratova VN, Musico P, Nozdrina AO, Oleinik A, Ortica F, Pagani L, Pallavicini M, Pandola L, Pantic E, Paoloni E, Pelczar K, Pelliccia N, Piacentini S, Pocar A, Poehlmann DM, Pordes S, Poudel SS, Pralavorio P, Price DD, Ragusa F, Razeti M, Razeto A, Renshaw AL, Rescigno M, Rode J, Romani A, Sablone D, Samoylov O, Sandford E, Sands W, Sanfilippo S, Savarese C, Schlitzer B, Semenov DA, Shchagin A, Sheshukov A, Skorokhvatov MD, Smirnov O, Sotnikov A, Stracka S, Suvorov Y, Tartaglia R, Testera G, Tonazzo A, Unzhakov EV, Vishneva A, Vogelaar RB, Wada M, Wang H, Wang Y, Westerdale S, Wojcik MM, Xiao X, Yang C, Zuzel G. Search for Dark-Matter-Nucleon Interactions via Migdal Effect with DarkSide-50. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:101001. [PMID: 36962014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dark matter elastic scattering off nuclei can result in the excitation and ionization of the recoiling atom through the so-called Migdal effect. The energy deposition from the ionization electron adds to the energy deposited by the recoiling nuclear system and allows for the detection of interactions of sub-GeV/c^{2} mass dark matter. We present new constraints for sub-GeV/c^{2} dark matter using the dual-phase liquid argon time projection chamber of the DarkSide-50 experiment with an exposure of (12 306±184) kg d. The analysis is based on the ionization signal alone and significantly enhances the sensitivity of DarkSide-50, enabling sensitivity to dark matter with masses down to 40 MeV/c^{2}. Furthermore, it sets the most stringent upper limit on the spin independent dark matter nucleon cross section for masses below 3.6 GeV/c^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agnes
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - I F M Albuquerque
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - T Alexander
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - A K Alton
- Physics Department, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
| | - M Ave
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - H O Back
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - G Batignani
- INFN Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - K Biery
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - V Bocci
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
| | | | - B Bottino
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
- INFN Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - S Bussino
- INFN Roma Tre, Roma 00146, Italy
- Mathematics and Physics Department, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Roma 00146, Italy
| | - M Cadeddu
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - M Cadoni
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - F Calaprice
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | | | - M D Campos
- Physics, Kings College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - N Canci
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | | | | | | | - M Carlini
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila 67100, Italy
| | - V Cataudella
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - P Cavalcante
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - S Cavuoti
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - S Chashin
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - A Chepurnov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - C Cicalò
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - G Covone
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - D D'Angelo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
- INFN Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - S Davini
- INFN Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - A De Candia
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - S De Cecco
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
- Physics Department, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - G De Filippis
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - G De Rosa
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - A V Derbin
- Saint Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188350, Russia
| | - A Devoto
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - M D'Incecco
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | - C Dionisi
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
- Physics Department, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - F Dordei
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - M Downing
- Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions and Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - D D'Urso
- Chemistry and Pharmacy Department, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - M Fairbairn
- Physics, Kings College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - G Fiorillo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - D Franco
- APC, Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | | | - C Galbiati
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila 67100, Italy
| | - C Ghiano
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | - C Giganti
- LPNHE, CNRS/IN2P3, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 75252, France
| | - G K Giovanetti
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A M Goretti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | | | - A Grobov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - M Gromov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - M Guan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Gulino
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania 95123, Italy
- Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Università di Enna Kore, Enna 94100, Italy
| | - B R Hackett
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - K Herner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Hessel
- APC, Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | | | - F Hubaut
- Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - E V Hungerford
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - An Ianni
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | | | - K Keeter
- School of Natural Sciences, Black Hills State University, Spearfish, South Dakota 57799, USA
| | - C L Kendziora
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Kimura
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kochanek
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | - D Korablev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - G Korga
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Kubankin
- Radiation Physics Laboratory, Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod 308007, Russia
| | - M Kuss
- INFN Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - M La Commara
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - M Lai
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - X Li
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - M Lissia
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - G Longo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - O Lychagina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - I N Machulin
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L P Mapelli
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S M Mari
- INFN Roma Tre, Roma 00146, Italy
- Mathematics and Physics Department, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Roma 00146, Italy
| | - J Maricic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Messina
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
- Physics Department, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - R Milincic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Monroe
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - M Morrocchi
- INFN Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - X Mougeot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNE-LNHB), F-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - V N Muratova
- Saint Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188350, Russia
| | - P Musico
- INFN Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - A O Nozdrina
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A Oleinik
- Radiation Physics Laboratory, Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod 308007, Russia
| | - F Ortica
- Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology Department, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
- INFN Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - L Pagani
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M Pallavicini
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
- INFN Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - L Pandola
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - E Pantic
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - E Paoloni
- INFN Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - K Pelczar
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - N Pelliccia
- Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology Department, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
- INFN Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | | | - A Pocar
- Amherst Center for Fundamental Interactions and Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - D M Poehlmann
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Pordes
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S S Poudel
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Pralavorio
- Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - D D Price
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - F Ragusa
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
- INFN Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - M Razeti
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - A Razeto
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | - A L Renshaw
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | | | - J Rode
- APC, Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, Paris F-75013, France
- LPNHE, CNRS/IN2P3, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 75252, France
| | - A Romani
- Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology Department, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
- INFN Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - D Sablone
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | - O Samoylov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - E Sandford
- The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - W Sands
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - S Sanfilippo
- INFN Roma Tre, Roma 00146, Italy
- Mathematics and Physics Department, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Roma 00146, Italy
| | - C Savarese
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - B Schlitzer
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - D A Semenov
- Saint Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188350, Russia
| | - A Shchagin
- Radiation Physics Laboratory, Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod 308007, Russia
| | - A Sheshukov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - M D Skorokhvatov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - O Smirnov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - A Sotnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | | | - Y Suvorov
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - R Tartaglia
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | | | - A Tonazzo
- APC, Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, Paris F-75013, France
| | - E V Unzhakov
- Saint Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188350, Russia
| | - A Vishneva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | | | - M Wada
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Westerdale
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - M M Wojcik
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - X Xiao
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China
| | - G Zuzel
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
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Kahn Y, Lin T. Searches for light dark matter using condensed matter systems. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:066901. [PMID: 35313296 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac5f63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the nature of dark matter (DM) has long been a pressing question for particle physics. In the face of ever-more-powerful exclusions and null results from large-exposure searches for TeV-scale DM interacting with nuclei, a significant amount of attention has shifted to lighter (sub-GeV) DM candidates. Direct detection of the light DM in our galaxy by observing DM scattering off a target system requires new approaches compared to prior searches. Lighter DM particles have less available kinetic energy, and achieving a kinematic match between DM and the target mandates the proper treatment of collective excitations in condensed matter systems, such as charged quasiparticles or phonons. In this context, the condensed matter physics of the target material is crucial, necessitating an interdisciplinary approach. In this review, we provide a self-contained introduction to direct detection of keV-GeV DM with condensed matter systems. We give a brief survey of DM models and basics of condensed matter, while the bulk of the review deals with the theoretical treatment of DM-nucleon and DM-electron interactions. We also review recent experimental developments in detector technology, and conclude with an outlook for the field of sub-GeV DM detection over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Kahn
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
- Illinois Center for Advanced Studies of the Universe, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Tongyan Lin
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, United States of America
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3
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Abstract
The property of dark matter remains to date unknown. However, a model-independent classification of dark matter candidates can be achieved by using various symmetries, as performed in the standard model. Fermionic dark matter has been extensively researched, and one favored candidate is the neutralino in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, which is required by fermion–boson symmetry and the preservation of R-parity. Bosonic dark matter has not been sufficiently studied, especially the scenario of dark matter with a mass of sub-GeV. In this paper, we consider the effect of spin-dependent (SD) on scalar and vector dark matter, which are mediated by pseudoscalar and axial-vector, and evaluate the effect on the dark matter–electron scattering cross-section. We list all the interactions and form factor of dark matter–electron SD scattering, and use XENON10/100/1T experiment data to derive the exclusion limit of the SD cross-section. We find that the SD scattering of scalar and vector dark matter can be three orders of magnitude stronger than spin-independent (SI) scattering due to the p-wave scattering.
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Hochberg Y, von Krosigk B, Kuflik E, Yu TC. Impact of Dark Compton Scattering on Direct Dark Matter Absorption Searches. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:191801. [PMID: 35622031 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.191801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Direct detection experiments are gaining in mass reach. Here we show that the inclusion of dark Compton scattering, which has typically been neglected in absorption searches, has a substantial impact on the reach and discovery potential of direct detection experiments at high bosonic cold dark matter masses. We demonstrate this for relic dark photons and axionlike particles: we improve expected reach across materials, and further use results from SuperCDMS, EDELWEISS, and GERDA to place enhanced limits on dark matter parameter space. We outline the implications for detector design and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonit Hochberg
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Belina von Krosigk
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eric Kuflik
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - To Chin Yu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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5
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Tsai YD, McGehee R, Murayama H. Resonant Self-Interacting Dark Matter from Dark QCD. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:172001. [PMID: 35570435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.172001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present new models utilizing QCD-like dark sectors to resolve small-scale structure problems. These models of resonant self-interacting dark matter in a dark sector with QCD are based on analogies to the meson spectra in standard model QCD. We introduce a simple model that realizes resonant self-interaction (analogous to the ϕ-K-K system) and thermal freeze-out, in which dark mesons are made of two light quarks. We also consider asymmetric dark matter composed of heavy and light dark quarks to realize a resonant self-interaction (analogous to the ϒ(4S)-B-B system) and discuss the experimental probes of both setups. Finally, we comment on the possible resonant self-interactions already built into SIMP and ELDER mechanisms while using lattice results to determine feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dai Tsai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Fermilab, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- University of Chicago, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Robert McGehee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Hitoshi Murayama
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan
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6
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Cui X, Abdukerim A, Bo Z, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng C, Cheng Y, Fan Y, Fang D, Fu C, Fu M, Geng L, Giboni K, Gu L, Guo X, Han K, He C, He J, Huang D, Huang Y, Huang Z, Hou R, Ji X, Ju Y, Li C, Li M, Li S, Li S, Lin Q, Liu J, Lu X, Luo L, Ma W, Ma Y, Mao Y, Meng Y, Shaheed N, Ning X, Qi N, Qian Z, Ren X, Shang C, Shen G, Si L, Sun W, Tan A, Tao Y, Wang A, Wang M, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang S, Wang Z, Wang W, Wang X, Wu M, Wu W, Xia J, Xiao M, Xiao X, Xie P, Yan B, Yan X, Yang J, Yang Y, Yu C, Yuan J, Yuan Y, Zhang D, Zhang M, Zhang P, Zhang T, Zhao L, Zheng Q, Zhou J, Zhou N, Zhou X, Zhou Y, Ge SF, Yuan Q. Search for Cosmic-Ray Boosted Sub-GeV Dark Matter at the PandaX-II Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:171801. [PMID: 35570440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.171801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel search for the cosmic-ray boosted dark matter using the 100 tonne·day full dataset of the PandaX-II detector located at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. With the extra energy gained from the cosmic rays, sub-GeV dark matter particles can produce visible recoil signals in the detector. The diurnal modulations in rate and energy spectrum are utilized to further enhance the signal sensitivity. Our result excludes the dark matter-nucleon elastic scattering cross section between 10^{-31} and 10^{-28} cm^{2} for dark matter masses from 0.1 MeV/c^{2} to 0.1 GeV/c^{2}, with a large parameter space previously unexplored by experimental collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Cui
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Abdusalam Abdukerim
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zihao Bo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xun Chen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yunhua Chen
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yunshan Cheng
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Yingjie Fan
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Deqing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changbo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mengting Fu
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lisheng Geng
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Karl Giboni
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Linhui Gu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuyuan Guo
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Ke Han
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Changda He
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Di Huang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanlin Huang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhou Huang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruquan Hou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Xiangdong Ji
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Yonglin Ju
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chenxiang Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingchuan Li
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuaijie Li
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jianglai Liu
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Xiaoying Lu
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Lingyin Luo
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenbo Ma
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yugang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yajun Mao
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yue Meng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Nasir Shaheed
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Xuyang Ning
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ningchun Qi
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Zhicheng Qian
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiangxiang Ren
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Changsong Shang
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Guofang Shen
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lin Si
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenliang Sun
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Andi Tan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Yi Tao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Anqing Wang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Siguang Wang
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mengmeng Wu
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weihao Wu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingkai Xia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mengjiao Xiao
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Pengwei Xie
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Binbin Yan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiyu Yan
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jijun Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunxu Yu
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jumin Yuan
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Minzhen Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qibin Zheng
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jifang Zhou
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Limited, 288 Shuanglin Road, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Shao-Feng Ge
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, MOE Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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7
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Bell NF, Dent JB, Dutta B, Ghosh S, Kumar J, Newstead JL. Low-mass inelastic dark matter direct detection via the Migdal effect. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.076013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Hochberg Y, Kahn Y, Kurinsky N, Lehmann BV, Yu TC, Berggren KK. Determining Dark-Matter-Electron Scattering Rates from the Dielectric Function. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:151802. [PMID: 34678036 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.151802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We show that the rate for dark-matter-electron scattering in an arbitrary material is determined by an experimentally measurable quantity, the complex dielectric function, for any dark matter interaction that couples to electron density. This formulation automatically includes many-body effects, eliminates all systematic theoretical uncertainties on the electronic wave functions, and allows a direct calibration of the spectrum by electromagnetic probes such as infrared spectroscopy, x-ray scattering, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Our formalism applies for several common benchmark models, including spin-independent interactions through scalar and vector mediators of arbitrary mass. We discuss the consequences for standard semiconductor and superconductor targets and find that the true reach of superconductor detectors for light mediators exceeds previous estimates by several orders of magnitude, with further enhancements possible due to the low-energy tail of the plasmon. Using a heavy-fermion superconductor as an example, we show how our formulation allows a rapid and systematic investigation of novel electron scattering targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonit Hochberg
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yonatan Kahn
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Illinois Center for Advanced Studies of the Universe, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Noah Kurinsky
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Benjamin V Lehmann
- Department of Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - To Chin Yu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Karl K Berggren
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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9
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Kahn Y, Krnjaic G, Mandava B. Dark Matter Detection with Bound Nuclear Targets: The Poisson Phonon Tail. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:081804. [PMID: 34477403 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.081804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dark matter (DM) scattering with nuclei in solid-state systems may produce elastic nuclear recoil at high energies and single-phonon excitation at low energies. When the DM momentum is comparable to the momentum spread of nuclei bound in a lattice, q_{0}=sqrt[2m_{N}ω_{0}] where m_{N} is the mass of the nucleus and ω_{0} is the optical phonon energy, an intermediate scattering regime characterized by multiphonon excitations emerges. We study a greatly simplified model of a single nucleus in a harmonic potential and show that, while the mean energy deposited for a given momentum transfer q is equal to the elastic value q^{2}/(2m_{N}), the phonon occupation number follows a Poisson distribution and thus the energy spread is ΔE=qsqrt[ω_{0}/(2m_{N})]. This observation suggests that low-threshold calorimetric detectors may have significantly increased sensitivity to sub-GeV DM compared to the expectation from elastic scattering, even when the energy threshold is above the single-phonon energy, by exploiting the tail of the Poisson distribution for phonons above the elastic energy. We use a simple model of electronic excitations to argue that this multiphonon signal will also accompany ionization signals induced from DM-electron scattering or the Migdal effect. In well-motivated models where DM couples to a heavy, kinetically mixed dark photon, we show that these signals can probe experimental milestones for cosmological DM production via thermal freeze-out, including the thermal target for Majorana fermion DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Kahn
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Illinois Center for Advanced Studies of the Universe, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Gordan Krnjaic
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Bashi Mandava
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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10
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Knapen S, Kozaczuk J, Lin T. Migdal Effect in Semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:081805. [PMID: 34477426 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.081805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
When a nucleus in an atom undergoes a collision, there is a small probability of an electron being excited inelastically as a result of the Migdal effect. In this Letter, we present the first complete derivation of the Migdal effect from dark matter-nucleus scattering in semiconductors, which also accounts for multiphonon production. The rate of the Migdal effect can be expressed in terms of the energy loss function of the material, which we calculate with density functional theory methods. Because of the smaller gap for electron excitations, we find that the rate for the Migdal effect is much higher in semiconductors than in atomic targets. Accounting for the Migdal effect in semiconductors can therefore significantly improve the sensitivity of experiments such as DAMIC, SENSEI, and SuperCDMS to sub-GeV dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Knapen
- CERN, Theoretical Physics Department, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Kozaczuk
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Tongyan Lin
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
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11
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Ge SF, Liu J, Yuan Q, Zhou N. Diurnal Effect of Sub-GeV Dark Matter Boosted by Cosmic Rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:091804. [PMID: 33750163 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.091804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We point out a new type of diurnal effect for the cosmic ray boosted dark matter (DM). The DM-nucleon interactions not only allow the direct detection of DM with nuclear recoils but also allow cosmic rays to scatter with and boost the nonrelativistic DM to higher energies. If the DM-nuclei scattering cross sections are sufficiently large, the DM flux is attenuated as it propagates through the Earth, leading to a strong diurnal modulation. This diurnal modulation provides another prominent signature for the direct detection of boosted sub-GeV DM, in addition to signals with higher recoil energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Feng Ge
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE) and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianglai Liu
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE) and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033, China
- School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE) and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
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