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Bayram AG, Schwarzendahl FJ, Löwen H, Biancofiore L. Motility-induced shear thickening in dense colloidal suspensions. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37309209 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phase transitions and collective dynamics of active colloidal suspensions are fascinating topics in soft matter physics, particularly for out-of-equilibrium systems, which can lead to rich rheological behaviours in the presence of steady shear flow. Here the role of self-propulsion in the rheological response of a dense colloidal suspension is investigated by using particle-resolved Brownian dynamics simulations. First, the combined effect of activity and shear in the solid on the disordering transition of the suspension is analyzed. While both self-propulsion and shear destroy order and melt the system if critical values are exceeded, self-propulsion largely lowers the stress barrier needed to be overcome during the transition. We further explore the rheological response of the active sheared system once a steady state is reached. While passive suspensions show a solid-like behaviour, turning on particle motility fluidises the system. At low self-propulsion, the active suspension behaves in the steady state as a shear-thinning fluid. Increasing the self-propulsion changes the behaviour of the liquid from shear-thinning to shear-thickening. We attribute this to clustering in the sheared suspensions induced by motility. This new phenomenon of motility-induced shear thickening (MIST) can be used to tailor the rheological response of colloidal suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gülce Bayram
- FluidFrame Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bilkent University, Çankaya, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Luca Biancofiore
- FluidFrame Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bilkent University, Çankaya, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Sprenger AR, Caprini L, Löwen H, Wittmann R. Dynamics of active particles with translational and rotational inertia. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:305101. [PMID: 37059111 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/accd36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Inertial effects affecting both the translational and rotational dynamics are inherent to a broad range of active systems at the macroscopic scale. Thus, there is a pivotal need for proper models in the framework of active matter to correctly reproduce experimental results, hopefully achieving theoretical insights. For this purpose, we propose an inertial version of the active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP) model accounting for particle mass (translational inertia) as well as its moment of inertia (rotational inertia) and derive the full expression for its steady-state properties. The inertial AOUP dynamics introduced in this paper is designed to capture the basic features of the well-established inertial active Brownian particle model, i.e. the persistence time of the active motion and the long-time diffusion coefficient. For a small or moderate rotational inertia, these two models predict similar dynamics at all timescales and, in general, our inertial AOUP model consistently yields the same trend upon changing the moment of inertia for various dynamical correlation functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Sprenger
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institut für Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Caprini
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - René Wittmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Mandal R, Sollich P. Shear-induced orientational ordering in an active glass former. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2101964118. [PMID: 34551973 PMCID: PMC8488658 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101964118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dense assemblies of self-propelled particles that can form solid-like states also known as active or living glasses are abundant around us, covering a broad range of length scales and timescales: from the cytoplasm to tissues, from bacterial biofilms to vehicular traffic jams, and from Janus colloids to animal herds. Being structurally disordered as well as strongly out of equilibrium, these systems show fascinating dynamical and mechanical properties. Using extensive molecular dynamics simulation and a number of distinct dynamical and mechanical order parameters, we differentiate three dynamical steady states in a sheared model active glassy system: 1) a disordered state, 2) a propulsion-induced ordered state, and 3) a shear-induced ordered state. We supplement these observations with an analytical theory based on an effective single-particle Fokker-Planck description to rationalize the existence of the shear-induced orientational ordering behavior in an active glassy system without explicit aligning interactions of, for example, Vicsek type. This ordering phenomenon occurs in the large persistence time limit and is made possible only by the applied steady shear. Using a Fokker-Planck description with parameters that can be measured independently, we make testable predictions for the joint distribution of single-particle position and orientation. These predictions match well with the joint distribution measured from direct numerical simulation. Our results are of relevance for experiments exploring the rheological response of dense active colloids and jammed active granular matter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparno Mandal
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37 077 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Peter Sollich
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37 077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
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GrandPre T, Klymko K, Mandadapu KK, Limmer DT. Entropy production fluctuations encode collective behavior in active matter. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:012613. [PMID: 33601608 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.012613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We derive a general lower bound on distributions of entropy production in interacting active matter systems. The bound is tight in the limit that interparticle correlations are small and short-ranged, which we explore in four canonical active matter models. In all models studied, the bound is weak where collective fluctuations result in long-ranged correlations, which subsequently links the locations of phase transitions to enhanced entropy production fluctuations. We develop a theory for the onset of enhanced fluctuations and relate it to specific phase transitions in active Brownian particles. We also derive optimal control forces that realize the dynamics necessary to tune dissipation and manipulate the system between phases. In so doing, we uncover a general relationship between entropy production and pattern formation in active matter, as well as ways of controlling it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor GrandPre
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94609, USA
| | - Katherine Klymko
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94609, USA
| | - Kranthi K Mandadapu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94609, USA.,Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94609, USA
| | - David T Limmer
- Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94609, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94609, USA.,Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94609, USA.,Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94609, USA
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Caprini L, Marini Bettolo Marconi U. Inertial self-propelled particles. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:024902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0030940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Caprini
- Scuola di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
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Maes C. Fluctuating Motion in an Active Environment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:208001. [PMID: 33258620 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.208001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We derive the fluctuation dynamics of a probe in weak coupling with a living medium, modeled as particles undergoing an active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck dynamics. Nondissipative corrections to the fluctuation-dissipation relation are written out explicitly in terms of time correlations in the active medium. A first term changes the inertial mass of the probe as a consequence of the persistence of the active medium. A second correction modifies the friction kernel. The resulting generalized Langevin equation benchmarks the motion induced on probes immersed in active versus passive media. The derivation uses nonequilibrium response theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Maes
- Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, KU Leuven 3001, Belgium
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Chakraborty S, Das SK. Relaxation in a phase-separating two-dimensional active matter system with alignment interaction. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:044905. [PMID: 32752724 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Via computer simulations, we study kinetics of pattern formation in a two-dimensional active matter system. Self-propulsion in our model is incorporated via the Vicsek-like activity, i.e., particles have the tendency of aligning their velocities with the average directions of motion of their neighbors. In addition to this dynamic or active interaction, there exists passive inter-particle interaction in the model for which we have chosen the standard Lennard-Jones form. Following quenches of homogeneous configurations to a point deep inside the region of coexistence between high and low density phases, as the systems exhibit formation and evolution of particle-rich clusters, we investigate properties related to the morphology, growth, and aging. A focus of our study is on the understanding of the effects of structure on growth and aging. To quantify the latter, we use the two-time order-parameter autocorrelation function. This correlation, as well as the growth, is observed to follow power-law time dependence, qualitatively similar to the scaling behavior reported for passive systems. The values of the exponents have been estimated and discussed by comparing with the previously obtained numbers for other dimensions as well as with the new results for the passive limit of the considered model. We have also presented results on the effects of temperature on the activity mediated phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Chakraborty
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Subir K Das
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India
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