1
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Lambie S, Steenbergen KG, Gaston N. Resolving decades of debate: the surprising role of high-temperature covalency in the structure of liquid gallium. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38912635 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00244j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Liquid metals (LMs) have the potential to revolutionise many important technologies, ranging from battery components to catalytic reactions. Low melting temperature gallium (Ga) is particularly promising as a solvent in many LM alloys, due to the low energy cost of maintaining its liquid state. However, despite 30+ years of study on the nature of Ga's liquid structure, it remains enigmatic with significant disagreement among the many published reports. In this work, we reconcile many of the conflicts through analysis of extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of bulk Ga liquid at different temperatures. Contrary to previous assumptions, covalency becomes more important in the liquid at higher temperatures, meaning that covalency is not a significant feature of the liquid near the phase transition temperature. This explains the experimental observation of a decrease of resistivity of the metal upon melting, and its subsequent anomalously nonlinear increase with temperature. This revised understanding of structuring in the liquid has implications for the way these alloys are tailored for specific applications in the rapidly developing field of LMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lambie
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Krista G Steenbergen
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Nicola Gaston
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
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2
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Trachenko K. Theory of melting lines. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:034122. [PMID: 38632732 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.034122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Our understanding of the three basic states of matter (solids, liquids, and gases) is based on temperature and pressure phase diagrams with three phase transition lines: solid-gas, liquid-gas, and solid-liquid lines. There are analytical expressions P(T) for the first two lines derived on a purely general-theoretical thermodynamic basis. In contrast, there exists no similar function for the third, melting, line (ML). Here, we develop a general two-phase theory of MLs and their analytical form. This theory predicts the parabolic form of the MLs for normal melting, relates the MLs to thermal and elastic properties of liquid and solid phases, and quantitatively agrees with experimental MLs in different system types. We show that the parameters of the ML parabola are governed by fundamental physical constants. In this sense, parabolic MLs possess universality across different systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trachenko
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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3
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Trachenko K. Viscosity and diffusion in life processes and tuning of fundamental constants. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2023; 86:112601. [PMID: 37811635 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/acfd3e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Viewed as one of the grandest questions in modern science, understanding fundamental physical constants has been discussed in high-energy particle physics, astronomy and cosmology. Here, I review how condensed matter and liquid physics gives new insights into fundamental constants and their tuning. This is based on two observations: first, cellular life and the existence of observers depend on viscosity and diffusion. Second, the lower bound on viscosity and upper bound on diffusion are set by fundamental constants, and I briefly review this result and related recent developments in liquid physics. I will subsequently show that bounds on viscosity, diffusion and the newly introduced fundamental velocity gradient in a biochemical machine can all be varied while keeping the fine-structure constant and the proton-to-electron mass ratio intact. This implies that it is possible to produce heavy elements in stars but have a viscous planet where all liquids have very high viscosity (for example that of tar or higher) and where life may not exist. Knowing the range of bio-friendly viscosity and diffusion, we will be able to calculate the range of fundamental constants which favour cellular life and observers and compare this tuning with that discussed in high-energy physics previously. This invites an inter-disciplinary research between condensed matter physics and life sciences, and I formulate several questions that life science can address. I finish with a conjecture of multiple tuning and an evolutionary mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trachenko
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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4
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Cockrell C, Dicks O, Todorov IT, Elena AM, Trachenko K. Fast dynamics and high effective dimensionality of liquid fluidity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15664. [PMID: 37730726 PMCID: PMC10511697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluidity, the ability of liquids to flow, is the key property distinguishing liquids from solids. This fluidity is set by the mobile transit atoms moving from one quasi-equilibrium point to the next. The nature of this transit motion is unknown. Here, we show that flow-enabling transits form a dynamically distinct sub-ensemble where atoms move on average faster than the overall system, with a manifestly non-Maxwellian velocity distribution. This is in contrast to solids and gases where no distinction of different ensembles can be made and where the distribution is always Maxwellian. The non-Maxwellian distribution is described by an exponent [Formula: see text] corresponding to high dimensionality of space. This is generally similar to extra synthetic dimensions in topological quantum matter, albeit higher dimensionality in liquids is not integer but is fractional. The dimensionality is close to 4 at melting and exceeds 4 at high temperature. [Formula: see text] has a maximum as a function of temperature and pressure in liquid and supercritical states, returning to its Maxwell value in the solid and gas states.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cockrell
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - O Dicks
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Agricultural Road, Vancouver, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - I T Todorov
- Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Ln, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - A M Elena
- Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Ln, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - K Trachenko
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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5
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Inui M, Hosokawa S, Tsutsui S, Nakajima Y, Matsuda K, Maruyama K, Baron AQR. Collective excitations in a melt of fast phase change material GeCu 2Te 3. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:234002. [PMID: 36893472 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc2ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic x-ray scattering measurements have been carried out to investigate atomic dynamics in a melt of fast phase change material GeCu2Te3. The dynamic structure factor was analysed using the model function with three damped harmonic oscillator components. By investigating the correlation between the excitation energy and the linewidth, and that between the excitation energy and the intensity on contour maps of a relative approximate probability distribution function proportional toexp(-χ2/N), we could judge the reliability of each inelastic excitation in the dynamic structure factor. The results indicate that there are two inelastic excitation modes besides the longitudinal acoustic one in the liquid. The lower energy excitation could be assigned to the transverse acoustic one whereas the higher energy one disperses like fast sound. The latter result may imply that the liquid ternary alloy exhibits a microscopic phase separation tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inui
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - S Hosokawa
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - S Tsutsui
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - K Matsuda
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - K Maruyama
- Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - A Q R Baron
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
- Materials Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
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6
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Hasegawa T, Inui M, Onimaru T, Kajihara Y, Hosokawa S, Nakajima Y, Matsuda K, Takabatake T, Hiroi S, Uchiyama H, Tsutsui S. Phonon dispersion curves in the type-I crystalline and molten clathrate compound Eu 8Ga 16Ge 30. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:114002. [PMID: 36603227 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acb0a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic structure factorS(Q,E), whereQandEare momentum and energy transfer, respectively, has been measured for liquid Eu8Ga16Ge30(EGG), using inelastic x-ray scattering. The excitation energy of the longitudinal acoustic mode in the liquid was scaled to that in liquid Ba8Ga16Sn30(BGS) with the effective mass. This result means that the local structure in both liquids are similar. The longitudinal acoustic excitation energy of type-I clathrate compound EGG disperses faster than that in the liquid, suggesting that the interatomic force is weakened on melting. The lower energy excitation was observed in both liquid EGG and liquid BGS. In comparison with the longitudinal phonon dispersion in crystalline clathrate compound EGG obtained by density functional theory-based calculations, the lower energy in the liquid was found to be near the optical mode energy. The result indicates that the lower energy mode arises from the relative motion between Eu and (Ga, Ge) atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Masanori Inui
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Takahiro Onimaru
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Yukio Kajihara
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Shinya Hosokawa
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakajima
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takabatake
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hiroi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uchiyama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsutsui
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
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7
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Guarini E, Neumann M, De Francesco A, Formisano F, Cunsolo A, Montfrooij W, Colognesi D, Bafile U. Onset of collective excitations in the transverse dynamics of simple fluids. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:014139. [PMID: 36797969 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.014139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A thorough analysis of the transverse current autocorrelation function obtained by molecular dynamics simulations of a dense Lennard-Jones fluid reveals that even such a simple system is characterized by a varied dynamical behavior with changing length scale. By using the exponential expansion theory, we provide a full account of the time correlation at wavevectors Q between the upper boundary of the hydrodynamic region and Q_{p}/2, with Q_{p} being the position of the main peak of the static structure factor. In the Q range studied, we identify and accurately locate the wavevector at which shear wave propagation starts to take place, and show clearly how this phenomenon may be represented by a damped harmonic oscillator changing, in a continuous way, from an overdamped to an underdamped condition. The decomposition into exponential modes allows one to convincingly establish not only the crossover related to the onset of transverse waves but, surprisingly, also the existence of a second pair of modes equivalent to another oscillator that undergoes, at higher Q values, a similarly smooth over to underdamped transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Guarini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Martin Neumann
- Fakultät für Physik der Universität Wien, Kolingasse 14-16, A-1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Alessio De Francesco
- CNR-IOM & INSIDE@ILL c/o Operative Group in Grenoble (OGG) F-38042 Grenoble, France and Institut Laue Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Ferdinando Formisano
- CNR-IOM & INSIDE@ILL c/o Operative Group in Grenoble (OGG) F-38042 Grenoble, France and Institut Laue Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Alessandro Cunsolo
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Wouter Montfrooij
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Daniele Colognesi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bafile
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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8
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Collective dynamics in liquid Si under high pressure above the melting line minimum. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Vasin MG. Glass transition as a topological phase transition. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:044124. [PMID: 36397462 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.044124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition is described as a phase transition in the system of topologically protected excitations in matter structure. The critical behavior of the system is considered in both static and dynamic cases. It is shown that the proposed model reproduces most of the characteristic thermodynamic and kinetic properties of glass transition: the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann law, the behavior of susceptibility and nonlinear susceptibilities, and heat capacity behavior as well as the appearance of a boson peak in the frequency dependence of the dynamic structure factor near the glass transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Vasin
- Vereshchagin Institute of High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Stamper C, Cortie D, Yue Z, Wang X, Yu D. Experimental Confirmation of the Universal Law for the Vibrational Density of States of Liquids. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3105-3111. [PMID: 35362320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An analytical model describing the vibrational density of states (VDOS) of liquids has long been elusive, owing to the complexities of liquid dynamics. Nevertheless, Zaccone and Baggioli have recently developed such a model which was proposed to be the universal law for the vibrational density of states of liquids. Distinct from the Debye law, g(ω) ∝ ω2, for solids, the universal law for liquids reveals a linear relationship, g(ω) ∝ ω, in the low-energy region. We have confirmed this universal law with experimental VDOS measured by inelastic neutron scattering on real liquid systems including water, liquid metal, and polymer liquids, and have applied this model to extract the effective relaxation rate for the short time dynamics for each liquid. The model has also been further evaluated in the prediction of the specific heat with comparison to existing experimental data as well as with values obtained by different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Stamper
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
- Institute for Superconducting and Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - David Cortie
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
- Institute for Superconducting and Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Zengji Yue
- Institute for Superconducting and Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Dehong Yu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
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11
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Inui M, Kajihara Y, Hosokawa S, Chiba A, Nakajima Y, Matsuda K, Stellhorn JR, Hagiya T, Ishikawa D, Uchiyama H, Tsutsui S, Baron AQR. Low energy excitation in liquid Sb and liquid Bi observed in inelastic x-ray scattering spectra. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:475101. [PMID: 34438373 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac216c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic structure factorS(Q,E), whereQandEare momentum and energy transfer, respectively, has been measured for liquid Sb, using inelastic x-ray scattering. A modified damped harmonic oscillator model function was applied to analyseS(Q,E) of liquid Sb and also to that of liquid Bi by Inuiet al(2015Phys. Rev.B92, 054206). The obtained excitation energy was in fairly good agreement with that predicted byab initiomolecular dynamics simulations on these liquid semi-metals. The excitation energy of the longitudinal acoustic mode in liquid Sb and liquid Bi exhibits flat-toppedQdependence whereas the lower excitation energy below the longitudinal acoustic excitation showsQ-gap behaviour. From the viscosity estimated from theQ-gap experimentally obtained, it is inferred that the lower energy excitation arises from the transverse acoustic excitation in the liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inui
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Y Kajihara
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - S Hosokawa
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - A Chiba
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - K Matsuda
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - J R Stellhorn
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - T Hagiya
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - D Ishikawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - H Uchiyama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - S Tsutsui
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - A Q R Baron
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-cho, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
- Materials Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
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12
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Cockrell C, Brazhkin VV, Trachenko K. Universal interrelation between dynamics and thermodynamics and a dynamically driven "c" transition in fluids. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:034108. [PMID: 34654136 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.034108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Our very wide survey of the supercritical phase diagram and its key properties reveals a universal interrelation between dynamics and thermodynamics and an unambiguous transition between liquidlike and gaslike states. This is seen in the master plot showing a collapse of the data representing the dependence of specific heat on key dynamical parameters in the system for many different paths on the phase diagram. As a result, the observed transition is path independent. We call it a "c" transition due to the c-shaped curve parametrizing the dependence of the specific heat on key dynamical parameters. The c transition has a fixed inversion point and provides a new structure to the phase diagram, operating deep in the supercritical state (up to, at least, 2000 times the critical pressure and 50 times the critical temperature). The data collapse and path independence as well as the existence of a special inversion point on the phase diagram are indicative of either of a sharp crossover or a new phase transition in the deeply supercritical state.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cockrell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - V V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, RAS, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Trachenko
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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13
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Ma X, Mishra CK, Habdas P, Yodh AG. Structural and short-time vibrational properties of colloidal glasses and supercooled liquids in the vicinity of the re-entrant glass transition. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:074902. [PMID: 34418931 DOI: 10.1063/5.0059084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigate the short-time vibrational properties and structure of two-dimensional, bidisperse, colloidal glasses and supercooled liquids in the vicinity of the re-entrant glass transition, as a function of interparticle depletion attraction strength. The long-time spatiotemporal dynamics of the samples are measured to be non-monotonic, confirming that the suspensions evolve from repulsive glass to supercooled liquid to attractive glass with increasing depletion attraction. Here, we search for vibrational signatures of the re-entrant behavior in the short-time spatiotemporal dynamics, i.e., dynamics associated with particle motion inside its nearest-neighbor cage. Interestingly, we observe that the anharmonicity of these in-cage vibrations varies non-monotonically with increasing attraction strength, consistent with the non-monotonic long-time structural relaxation dynamics of the re-entrant glass. We also extract effective spring constants between neighboring particles; we find that spring stiffness involving small particles also varies non-monotonically with increasing attraction strength, while stiffness between large particles increases monotonically. Last, from study of depletion-dependent local structure and vibration participation fractions, we gain microscopic insight into the particle-size-dependent contributions to short-time vibrational modes in the glass and supercooled liquid states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Ma
- Center for Complex Flows and Soft Matter Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chandan K Mishra
- Discipline of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - P Habdas
- Department of Physics, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19131, USA
| | - A G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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14
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Kryuchkov NP, Yurchenko SO. Collective excitations in active fluids: Microflows and breakdown in spectral equipartition of kinetic energy. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:024902. [PMID: 34266286 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of particle activity on collective excitations in active fluids of microflyers is studied. With an in silico study, we observed an oscillating breakdown of equipartition (uniform spectral distribution) of kinetic energy in reciprocal space. The phenomenon is related to short-range velocity-velocity correlations that were realized without forming of long-lived mesoscale vortices in the system. This stands in contrast to well-known mesoscale turbulence operating in active nematic systems (bacterial or artificial) and reveals the features of collective dynamics in active fluids, which should be important for structural transitions and glassy dynamics in active matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita P Kryuchkov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav O Yurchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
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15
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De Francesco A, Bafile U, Cunsolo A, Scaccia L, Guarini E. Searching for a second excitation in the inelastic neutron scattering spectrum of a liquid metal: a Bayesian analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13974. [PMID: 34234260 PMCID: PMC8263748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
When probed at nanometer and picosecond scales, the properties of a liquid present striking analogies with the ones of the corresponding solid, one of the most surprising is the ability of supporting shear wave propagation, as a rigid medium. Although this evidence is being reported by a growing number of terahertz scattering measurements, it remains an open question whether it is universal or rather typical of some liquids only. Furthermore, given its elusive signatures in the scattering signal, the detection of this effect appears as a typical case where an unintentional “bias of confirmation” can mislead experimentalists. We thus decided to use a Bayesian inference approach to achieve a probabilistically grounded and evidence-based lineshape modeling of the inelastic neutron scattering spectra from liquid silver, whose simulated density autocorrelations bear evidence of a shear mode propagation over very short distances. The result of our analysis indicates that the observation of any additional, non-longitudinal, acoustic modes in this simple system goes beyond the accuracy of the used scattering method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio De Francesco
- CNR-IOM & INSIDE@ILL c/o Operative Group in Grenoble (OGG), F-38042, Grenoble, France.,Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Ubaldo Bafile
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cunsolo
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luisa Scaccia
- Dipartimento di Economia e Diritto, Università di Macerata, Via Crescimbeni 20, I-62100, Macerata, Italy
| | - Eleonora Guarini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, Via G. Sansone 1, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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16
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Zhang H, Wang X, Yu HB, Douglas JF. Fast dynamics in a model metallic glass-forming material. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084505. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0039162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hai-Bin Yu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Material Measurement Laboratory, Material Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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17
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Petrillo C, Sacchetti F. Future applications of the high-flux thermal neutron spectroscopy: the ever-green case of collective excitations in liquid metals. ADVANCES IN PHYSICS: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1871862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Petrillo
- Department of Physics & Earth Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Sacchetti
- Department of Physics & Earth Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute IOM-CNR, Perugia, Italy
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18
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Kryuchkov NP, Mistryukova LA, Sapelkin AV, Brazhkin VV, Yurchenko SO. Universal Effect of Excitation Dispersion on the Heat Capacity and Gapped States in Fluids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:125501. [PMID: 33016757 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.125501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The change in dispersion of high-frequency excitations in fluids, from an oscillating solidlike to a monotonic gaslike one, is shown for the first time to affect thermal behavior of heat capacity and the q-gap width in reciprocal space. With in silico study of liquified noble gases, liquid iron, liquid mercury, and model fluids, we established universal bilinear dependence of heat capacity on q-gap width, whereas the crossover precisely corresponds to the change in the excitation spectra. The results open novel prospects for studies of various fluids, from simple to molecular liquids and melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita P Kryuchkov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya street 5, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Lukiya A Mistryukova
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya street 5, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Andrei V Sapelkin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, England
| | - Vadim V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS, Kaluzhskoe shosse, 14, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
| | - Stanislav O Yurchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya street 5, Moscow 105005, Russia
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19
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Hosokawa S. Transverse acoustic phonon excitations in liquid metals. Z PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/zpc-2020-1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this article, transverse acoustic (TA) phonon excitations in various liquid metals are reviewed. Low-frequency TA phonon excitations were investigated on liquid Ga, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Bi, by using high energy resolution inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS). The current correlation functions obtained from the IXS spectra were analyzed by using two Gaussians to evaluate the excitation energies and widths of the longitudinal acoustic and TA excitation modes, which are consistent with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The lifetimes and propagating lengths of the TA modes were determined, and may respectively correspond to the lifetimes and sizes of cages instantaneously formed in each liquid metal. The microscopic elastic constants were estimated and characteristic differences from macroscopic polycrystalline values were found in Poisson’s ratios. Future experimental and analytical problems to be solved in the near future are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Hosokawa
- Department of Physics , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , 860-8555, Japan
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20
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Abstract
Abstract
In this article, transverse acoustic (TA) phonon excitations in various liquid metals are reviewed. Low-frequency TA phonon excitations were investigated on liquid Ga, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Bi, by using high energy resolution inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS). The current correlation functions obtained from the IXS spectra were analyzed by using two Gaussians to evaluate the excitation energies and widths of the longitudinal acoustic and TA excitation modes, which are consistent with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The lifetimes and propagating lengths of the TA modes were determined, and may respectively correspond to the lifetimes and sizes of cages instantaneously formed in each liquid metal. The microscopic elastic constants were estimated and characteristic differences from macroscopic polycrystalline values were found in Poisson’s ratios. Future experimental and analytical problems to be solved in the near future are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Hosokawa
- Department of Physics , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , 860-8555, Japan
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21
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Del Rio BG, González LE, González DJ. First principles study of liquid uranium at temperatures up to 2050 K. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:304001. [PMID: 32163938 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab7f6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Uranium compounds are used as fissile materials in nuclear reactors. In present day reactors the most used nuclear fuel is uranium dioxide, but in generation-IV reactors other compounds are also being considered, such as uranium carbide and uranium mononitride. Upon possible accidents where the coolant would not circulate or be lost the core of the reactor would reach very high temperatures, and therefore it is essential to understand the behaviour of the nuclear fuel under such conditions for proper risk assessment. We consider here molten metallic uranium at several temperatures ranging from 1455 to 2050 K. Even though metallic uranium is not a candidate for nuclear fuel it could nevertheless be produced due to the thermochemical instability of uranium nitride at high temperatures. We use first principles techniques to analyse the behaviour of this system and obtain basic structural and dynamic properties, as well as some thermodynamic and transport properties, including atomic diffusion and viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz G Del Rio
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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22
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Li XY, Zhang HP, Lan S, Abernathy DL, Otomo T, Wang FW, Ren Y, Li MZ, Wang XL. Observation of High-Frequency Transverse Phonons in Metallic Glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:225902. [PMID: 32567931 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.225902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using inelastic neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations on a model Zr-Cu-Al metallic glass, we show that transverse phonons persist well into the high-frequency regime, and can be detected at large momentum transfer. Furthermore, the apparent peak width of the transverse phonons was found to follow the static structure factor. The one-to-one correspondence, which was demonstrated for both Zr-Cu-Al metallic glass and a three-dimensional Lennard-Jones model glass, suggests a universal correlation between the phonon dynamics and the underlying disordered structure. This remarkable correlation, not found for longitudinal phonons, underscores the key role that transverse phonons hold for understanding the structure-dynamics relationship in disordered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Li
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - H P Zhang
- Department of Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - S Lan
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Avenue, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - D L Abernathy
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - T Otomo
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - F W Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Y Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Z Li
- Department of Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - X-L Wang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, 8 Yuexing 1st Road, Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen 518057, China
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23
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Yu Q, Guo F, Wang X, Ståhl K, Ren Y, Cao Q, Zhang D, Jiang J. Structural evolution of low-temperature liquid GaIn eutectic alloy. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Kryuchkov NP, Brazhkin VV, Yurchenko SO. Anticrossing of Longitudinal and Transverse Modes in Simple Fluids. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4470-4475. [PMID: 31310540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
If interacting modes of the same symmetry cross, they repel from each other and become hybridized. This phenomenon is called anticrossing and is well-known for mechanical oscillations, electromagnetic circuits, waveguides, metamaterials, polaritons, and phonons in crystals, but it still remains poorly understood in simple fluids. Here, we show that structural disorder and anharmonicity, governing properties of fluids, lead to the anticrossing of longitudinal and transverse modes, which is accompanied by their hybridization and strong redistribution of excitation spectra. We combined theory and simulations for noble gases to prove the reliability of mode anticrossing in simple fluids, studied here for the first time. Our results open novel prospects in understanding collective dynamics, thermodynamics, and transport phenomena in various fluids, spanning from noble gas fluids and metallic melts to strongly coupled plasmas and molecular and complex fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita P Kryuchkov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University , Second Baumanskaya Street 5 , 105005 Moscow , Russia
| | - Vadim V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics RAS , Kaluzhskoe shosse 14 , Troitsk, 108840 Moscow , Russia
| | - Stanislav O Yurchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University , Second Baumanskaya Street 5 , 105005 Moscow , Russia
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25
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Wang L, Yang C, Dove MT, Mokshin AV, Brazhkin VV, Trachenko K. The nature of collective excitations and their crossover at extreme supercritical conditions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:755. [PMID: 30679686 PMCID: PMC6346117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical properties of an interacting system are governed by collective excitations, but their nature at extreme supercritical conditions is unknown. Here, we present direct evidence for propagating solid-like longitudinal phonon-like excitations with wavelengths extending to interatomic separations deep in the supercritical state at temperatures up to 3,300 times the critical temperature. We observe that the crossover of dispersion curves develops at k points reducing with temperature. We interpret this effect as the crossover from the collective phonon to the collisional mean-free path regime of particle dynamics and find that the crossover points are close to both the inverse of the shortest available wavelength in the system and to the particle mean free path inferred from experiments and theory. Notably, both the shortest wavelength and mean free path scale with temperature with the same power law, lending further support to our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - C Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - M T Dove
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - A V Mokshin
- Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russia.,Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 420008, Kazan, Russia
| | - V V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, RAS, 108840, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Trachenko
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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26
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Demmel F. Dynamics on next-neighbour distances in liquid and undercooled gallium. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:495102. [PMID: 30431024 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaeb72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Density fluctuations of liquid and 20 K undercooled gallium have been studied by neutron spectroscopy. The decay of density fluctuations has been recorded at the structure factor maximum over a wide temperature range up to twice the melting temperature. The amplitude of the scattering function falls off with rising temperature in a nonlinear way with a changing slope around [Formula: see text]. The derived generalized longitudinal viscosity shows an upturn with decreasing temperature in the same temperature range. This increase in viscosity can be understood that liquid gallium transforms from a more fluid liquid metal to a more viscous liquid metal in that temperature range upon cooling. The change in the amplitude shows a remarkable agreement with results from liquid aluminium, lead and rubidium. This study suggests a universal crossover in dynamics of liquid monatomic metals, despite the many peculiar properties of gallium.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Demmel
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
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27
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Inui M, Suekuni K, Kajihara Y, Hosokawa S, Takabatake T, Nakajima Y, Matsuda K, Ohara K, Uchiyama H, Tsutsui S. Static and dynamic structures of liquid Ba 8Ga 16Sn 30: a melt of the thermoelectric clathrate compounds. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:455101. [PMID: 30251705 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aae3f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
X-ray diffraction and inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of liquid Ba8Ga16Sn30 have been carried out to investigate local structure and atomic dynamics in the liquid. The pair distribution function shows shorter and longer interatomic distances in the first coordination shell. The dynamic structure factor exhibits the inelastic excitations on both sides of the quasielastic central peak. The inelastic excitations disperse with increasing the momentum transfer, suggesting the longitudinal acoustic mode. We found a low energy excitation in addition to the longitudinal acoustic excitation in the dynamic structure factor and it reminds us a strong relationship with a rattling motion of a guest (Ba) atom in the solid state. The temperature dependence of the pair distribution function and the longitudinal acoustic excitation energy is very weak in a range from 600 to 900 °C. The result suggests that Ba and other atoms in the melt are located around minimum positions of the effective pair potential approximated as a harmonic one.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inui
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 7319-8521, Japan
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28
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Thermal transport crossover from crystalline to partial-crystalline partial-liquid state. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4712. [PMID: 30413695 PMCID: PMC6226496 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase-change materials (crystalline at low temperatures and partial-crystalline partial-liquid state at high temperatures) are widely used as thermoelectric converters and battery electrodes. Here, we report the underlying mechanisms driving the thermal transport of the liquid component, and the thermal conductivity contributions from phonons, vibrations with extremely short mean free path, liquid and lattice-liquid interactions in phase-changed Li2S. In the crystalline state (T ≤ 1000 K), the temperature dependent thermal conductivity manifests two different behaviors, i.e., a typical trend of 1/T below 800 K and an even faster decrease between 800 and 1000 K. For the partial-crystalline partial-liquid Li2S when T ≥ 1100 K, the contributions of liquid and lattice-liquid interactions increase significantly due to the fluidization of Li ions, and the vibrations with extremely short mean free path, presumably assimilated to diffusons, can contribute up to 46% of the total thermal conductivity at T = 1300 K. Phase-change materials are applied as thermoelectric converters and battery electrodes, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, the authors comprehensively describe thermal transport mechanisms of lithium sulfide based on molecular dynamics and first-principles simulations.
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29
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del Rio BG, Chen M, González LE, Carter EA. Orbital-free density functional theory simulation of collective dynamics coupling in liquid Sn. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:094504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz G. del Rio
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, USA
| | - Mohan Chen
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Luis E. González
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Atómica y Óptica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Emily A. Carter
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-5263, USA
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30
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Garberoglio G, Vallauri R, Bafile U. Time correlation functions of simple liquids: A new insight on the underlying dynamical processes. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:174501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5025120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Garberoglio
- European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (ECT*-FBK), Strada delle Tabarelle 286, I-38123 Villazzano, TN, Italy and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA-INFN), Via Sommarive 18, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy
| | - Renzo Vallauri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara,” Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bafile
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara,” Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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31
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Trachenko K. Lagrangian formulation and symmetrical description of liquid dynamics. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:062134. [PMID: 29347330 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.062134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical description of liquids has been primarily based on the hydrodynamic approach and its generalization to the solid-like regime. We show that the same liquid properties can be derived starting from solid-like equations and generalizing them to account for the hydrodynamic flow. Both approaches predict propagating shear waves with the notable gap in k-space. This gives an important symmetry of liquids regarding their description. We subsequently construct a two-field Lagrangian of liquid dynamics where the dissipative hydrodynamic and solid-like terms are treated on equal footing. The Lagrangian predicts two gapped waves propagating in opposite space-time directions. The dissipative and mass terms compete by promoting gaps in k-space and energy, respectively. When bare mass is close to the field hopping frequency, both gaps close and the dissipative term annihilates the bare mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trachenko
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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32
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Yano K, Yoshida K, Kamazawa K, Uchiyama H, Tsutsui S, Baron AQ, Fukushima Y, Yamaguchi T. Investigation of collective dynamics of solvent molecules in nanofluids by inelastic x-ray scattering. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Baldi G, Benassi P, Fontana A, Giugni A, Monaco G, Nardone M, Rossi F. Damping of vibrational excitations in glasses at terahertz frequency: The case of 3-methylpentane. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:164501. [PMID: 29096506 DOI: 10.1063/1.4998696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a compared analysis of inelastic X ray scattering (IXS) and of low frequency Raman data of glassy 3-methylpentane. The IXS spectra have been analysed allowing for the existence of two distinct excitations at each scattering wavevector obtaining a consistent interpretation of the spectra. In particular, this procedure allows us to interpret the linewidth of the modes in terms of a simple model which relates them to the width of the first sharp diffraction peak in the static structure factor. In this model, the width of the modes arises from the blurring of the dispersion curves which increases approaching the boundary of the first pseudo-Brillouin zone. The position of the boson peak contribution to the density of vibrational states derived from the Raman scattering measurements is in agreement with the interpretation of the two excitations in terms of a longitudinal mode and a transverse mode, the latter being a result of the mixed character of the transverse modes away from the center of the pseudo-Brillouin zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Baldi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, 38050 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Paola Benassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Aldo Fontana
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, 38050 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Giugni
- PSE and BESE Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giulio Monaco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, 38050 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Michele Nardone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Flavio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, 38050 Povo, Trento, Italy
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34
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Bellissima S, González MA, Bafile U, Cunsolo A, Formisano F, De Panfilis S, Guarini E. Switching off hydrogen-bond-driven excitation modes in liquid methanol. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10057. [PMID: 28855594 PMCID: PMC5577163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding plays an essential role on intermolecular forces, and consequently on the thermodynamics of materials defined by this elusive bonding character. It determines the property of a vital liquid as water as well as many processes crucial for life. The longstanding controversy on the nature of the hydrogen bond (HB) can be settled by looking at the effect of a vanishing HB interaction on the microscopic properties of a given hydrogen-bonded fluid. This task suits the capabilities of computer simulations techniques, which allow to easily switch off HB interactions. We then use molecular dynamics to study the microscopic properties of methanol, a prototypical HB liquid. Fundamental aspects of the dynamics of methanol at room temperature were contextualised only very recently and its rich dynamics was found to have striking analogies with that of water. The lower temperature (200 K) considered in the present study led us to observe that the molecular centre-of-mass dynamics is dominated by four modes. Most importantly, the computational ability to switch on and off hydrogen bonds permitted us to identify which, among these modes, have a pure HB-origin. This clarifies the role of hydrogen bonds in liquid dynamics, disclosing new research opportunities and unexplored interpretation schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bellissima
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Ubaldo Bafile
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cunsolo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Ferdinando Formisano
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Officina dei materiali, Operative Group in Grenoble, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Simone De Panfilis
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Life Nano Science, I-00161, Roma, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Guarini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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35
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Bryk T, Huerta A, Hordiichuk V, Trokhymchuk AD. Non-hydrodynamic transverse collective excitations in hard-sphere fluids. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:064509. [PMID: 28810767 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective excitations in hard-sphere fluids were studied in a wide range of wave numbers and packing fractions η by means of molecular dynamics simulations. We report the observation of non-hydrodynamic transverse excitations for packing fractions η≥0.395 in the shape of transverse current spectral functions. Dispersion of longitudinal excitations in the whole range of packing fractions shows a negative deviation from the linear hydrodynamic law with increasing wave numbers even for dense hard-sphere fluids where the transverse excitations were observed. These results do not support a recent proposal within the "Frenkel line" approach that the positive sound dispersion in liquids is defined by transverse excitations. We report calculations of the cutoff "Frenkel frequencies" for transverse excitations in hard-sphere fluids and discuss their consistency with the estimated dispersions of shear waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras Bryk
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Svientsitskii Street, UA-79011 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Adrian Huerta
- Facultad de Física, Universidad Veracruzana, Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n Zona Universitaria Xalapa, Veracruz C.P. 91000, Mexico
| | - V Hordiichuk
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Svientsitskii Street, UA-79011 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - A D Trokhymchuk
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Svientsitskii Street, UA-79011 Lviv, Ukraine
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36
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Cunsolo A. The terahertz dynamics of simplest fluids probed by inelastic X-ray scattering. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2017.1331900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cunsolo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
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37
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Yang C, Dove MT, Brazhkin VV, Trachenko K. Emergence and Evolution of the k Gap in Spectra of Liquid and Supercritical States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:215502. [PMID: 28598668 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.215502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental understanding of strongly interacting systems necessarily involves collective modes, but their nature and evolution is not generally understood in dynamically disordered and strongly interacting systems such as liquids and supercritical fluids. We report the results of extensive molecular dynamics simulations and provide direct evidence that liquids develop a gap in a solidlike transverse spectrum in the reciprocal space, with no propagating modes between zero and a threshold value. In addition to the liquid state, this result importantly applies to the supercritical state of matter. We show that the emerging gap increases with the inverse of liquid relaxation time and discuss how the gap affects properties of liquid and supercritical states.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - M T Dove
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - V V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, RAS, 108840 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Trachenko
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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38
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Wang L, Yang C, Dove MT, Fomin YD, Brazhkin VV, Trachenko K. Direct links between dynamical, thermodynamic, and structural properties of liquids: Modeling results. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:032116. [PMID: 28415224 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.032116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We develop an approach to liquid thermodynamics based on collective modes. We perform extensive molecular-dynamics simulations of noble, molecular, and metallic liquids, and we provide direct evidence that liquid energy and specific heat are well-described by the temperature dependence of the Frenkel (hopping) frequency. The agreement between predicted and calculated thermodynamic properties is seen in the notably wide range of temperature spanning tens of thousands of Kelvin. The range includes both subcritical liquids and supercritical fluids. We discuss the structural crossover and interrelationships between the structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of liquids and supercritical fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - C Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - M T Dove
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Yu D Fomin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, RAS, 142190 Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, RAS, 142190 Moscow, Russia
| | - K Trachenko
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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39
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Bryk T, Wax JF. A search for manifestation of two types of collective excitations in dynamic structure of a liquid metal: Ab initio study of collective excitations in liquid Na. J Chem Phys 2017; 144:194501. [PMID: 27208952 DOI: 10.1063/1.4948709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of ab initio molecular dynamics and several fit models for dynamic structure of liquid metals, we explore an issue of possible manifestation of non-acoustic collective excitations in longitudinal dynamics having liquid Na as a case study. A model with two damped harmonic oscillators (DHOs) in time domain is used for analysis of the density-density time correlation functions. Another similar model with two propagating contributions and three lowest exact sum rules is considered, as well as an extended hydrodynamic model known as thermo-viscoelastic one which permits two types of propagating modes outside the hydrodynamic region to be used for comparison with ab initio obtained time correlation functions and calculations of dispersions of collective excitations. Our results do not support recent suggestions that, even in simple liquid metals, non-hydrodynamics transverse excitations contribute to the longitudinal collective dynamics and can be detected as a DHO-like spectral shape at their transverse frequency. We found that the thermo-viscoelastic dynamic model permits perfect description of the density-density and current-current time correlation functions of the liquid Na in a wide range of wave numbers, which implies that the origin of the non-hydrodynamic collective excitations contributing to longitudinal dynamics can be short-wavelength heat waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras Bryk
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Svientsitskii Street, UA-79011 Lviv, Ukraine and Institute of Applied Mathematics and Fundamental Sciences, Lviv Polytechnic National University, UA-79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - J-F Wax
- Université de Lorraine, LCP-A2MC, EA4632, 1, boulevard Arago, 57078 Metz Cedex 3, France
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40
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Chen LY, Tang PH, Wu TM. Analysis of local bond-orientational order for liquid gallium at ambient pressure: Two types of cluster structures. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:024506. [PMID: 27421419 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In terms of the local bond-orientational order (LBOO) parameters, a cluster approach to analyze local structures of simple liquids was developed. In this approach, a cluster is defined as a combination of neighboring seeds having at least nb local-orientational bonds and their nearest neighbors, and a cluster ensemble is a collection of clusters with a specified nb and number of seeds ns. This cluster analysis was applied to investigate the microscopic structures of liquid Ga at ambient pressure (AP). The liquid structures studied were generated through ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. By scrutinizing the static structure factors (SSFs) of cluster ensembles with different combinations of nb and ns, we found that liquid Ga at AP contained two types of cluster structures, one characterized by sixfold orientational symmetry and the other showing fourfold orientational symmetry. The SSFs of cluster structures with sixfold orientational symmetry were akin to the SSF of a hard-sphere fluid. On the contrary, the SSFs of cluster structures showing fourfold orientational symmetry behaved similarly as the anomalous SSF of liquid Ga at AP, which is well known for exhibiting a high-q shoulder. The local structures of a highly LBOO cluster whose SSF displayed a high-q shoulder were found to be more similar to the structure of β-Ga than those of other solid phases of Ga. More generally, the cluster structures showing fourfold orientational symmetry have an inclination to resemble more to β-Ga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Han Tang
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ten-Ming Wu
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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41
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Guarini E, Bellissima S, Bafile U, Farhi E, De Francesco A, Formisano F, Barocchi F. Density of states from mode expansion of the self-dynamic structure factor of a liquid metal. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:012141. [PMID: 28208346 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.012141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We show that by exploiting multi-Lorentzian fits of the self-dynamic structure factor at various wave vectors it is possible to carefully perform the Q→0 extrapolation required to determine the spectrum Z(ω) of the velocity autocorrelation function of a liquid. The smooth Q dependence of the fit parameters makes their extrapolation to Q=0 a simple procedure from which Z(ω) becomes computable, with the great advantage of solving the problems related to resolution broadening of either experimental or simulated self-spectra. Determination of a single-particle property like the spectrum of the velocity autocorrelation function turns out to be crucial to understanding the whole dynamics of the liquid. In fact, we demonstrate a clear link between the collective mode frequencies and the shape of the frequency distribution Z(ω). In the specific case considered in this work, i.e., liquid Au, analysis of Z(ω) revealed the presence, along with propagating sound waves, of lower frequency modes that were not observed before by means of dynamic structure factor measurements. By exploiting ab initio simulations for this liquid metal we could also calculate the transverse current-current correlation spectra and clearly identify the transverse nature of the above mentioned less energetic modes. Evidence of propagating transverse excitations has actually been reported in various works in the recent literature. However, in some cases, like the present one, these modes are difficult to detect in density fluctuation spectra. We show here that the analysis of the single-particle dynamics is able to unveil their presence in a very effective way. The properties here shown to characterize Z(ω), and the information in it contained therefore allow us to identify it with the density of states (DoS) of the liquid. We demonstrate that only nonhydrodynamic modes contribute to the DoS, thus establishing its purely microscopic origin. Finally, as a by-product of this work, we provide our estimate of the self-diffusion coefficient of liquid gold just above melting.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Guarini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - S Bellissima
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - U Bafile
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - E Farhi
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - A De Francesco
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - F Formisano
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - F Barocchi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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42
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del Rio BG, González LE, González DJ. Ab initio study of several static and dynamic properties of bulk liquid Ni near melting. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:034501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4973803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. G. del Rio
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - L. E. González
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - D. J. González
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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43
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Wax JF, Bryk T. Analyzing the dynamic structure of liquid metals and alloys. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201715102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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Bryk T, Demchuk T. Ab initio molecular dynamics study of collective dynamics in liquid Tl: Thermo-viscoelastic analysis. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201715102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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45
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del Rio BG, González LE. Structure and dynamics of liquid Zn: an analysis of ab-initio simulations. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201715103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Ropo M, Akola J, Jones RO. Collective excitations and viscosity in liquid Bi. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:184502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4965429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Ropo
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jaakko Akola
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
- COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - R. O. Jones
- Peter-Grünberg-Institut (PGI-1) and JARA/HPC, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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47
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Fomin YD, Ryzhov VN, Tsiok EN, Brazhkin VV, Trachenko K. Crossover of collective modes and positive sound dispersion in supercritical state. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:43LT01. [PMID: 27603524 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/43/43lt01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical state has been viewed as an intermediate state between gases and liquids with largely unknown physical properties. Here, we address the important ability of supercritical fluids to sustain collective excitations. We directly study propagating modes on the basis of correlation functions calculated in molecular dynamics simulations and find that the supercritical system sustains propagating solid-like transverse modes below the Frenkel line but not above where there is one longitudinal mode only. Important thermodynamic implications of this finding are discussed. We directly detect positive sound dispersion (PSD) below the Frenkel line where transverse modes are operative and quantitatively explain its magnitude on the basis of transverse and longitudinal velocities. PSD disappears above the Frenkel line which therefore demarcates the supercritical phase diagram into two areas where PSD does and does not operate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu D Fomin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk 142190, Moscow, Russia
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48
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Zhernenkov M, Bolmatov D, Soloviov D, Zhernenkov K, Toperverg BP, Cunsolo A, Bosak A, Cai YQ. Revealing the mechanism of passive transport in lipid bilayers via phonon-mediated nanometre-scale density fluctuations. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11575. [PMID: 27175859 PMCID: PMC4865866 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The passive transport of molecules through a cell membrane relies on thermal motions of the lipids. However, the nature of transmembrane transport and the precise mechanism remain elusive and call for a comprehensive study of phonon excitations. Here we report a high resolution inelastic X-ray scattering study of the in-plane phonon excitations in 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine above and below the main transition temperature. In the gel phase, for the first time, we observe low-frequency transverse modes, which exhibit a phonon gap when the lipid transitions into the fluid phase. We argue that the phonon gap signifies the formation of short-lived nanometre-scale lipid clusters and transient pores, which facilitate the passive molecular transport across the bilayer plane. Our findings suggest that the phononic motion of the hydrocarbon tails provides an effective mechanism of passive transport, and illustrate the importance of the collective dynamics of biomembranes. The molecular transport through bio-membranes of cells heavily relies on the dynamics of lipids, but the related mechanism remains unknown. Here, Zhernenkov et al. observe the propagating transverse phonon mode with a finite band gap and suggest its connection to short-lived local lipid clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Zhernenkov
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Dima Bolmatov
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Dmitry Soloviov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Kirill Zhernenkov
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Grenoble 38054, France
| | - Boris P Toperverg
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia.,Institut Laue Langevin, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, Grenoble 38042, France
| | - Alessandro Cunsolo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Alexey Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Yong Q Cai
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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49
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Trachenko K, Brazhkin VV. Anomalous vacuum energy and stability of a quantum liquid. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:12LT01. [PMID: 26909505 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/12/12lt01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We show that the vacuum (zero-point) energy of a low-temperature quantum liquid is a variable property which changes with the state of the system, in notable contrast to the static vacuum energy in solids commonly considered. We further show that this energy is inherently anomalous: it decreases with temperature and gives a negative contribution to a system's heat capacity. This effect operates in an equilibrium and macroscopic system, in marked contrast to small or out-of-equilibrium configurations discussed previously. We find that the negative contribution is over-compensated by the positive term from the excitation of longitudinal fluctuations and demonstrate how the overall positive heat capacity is related to the stability of a condensed phase at the microscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trachenko
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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50
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The Spectrum of Density Fluctuations of Noble Gases Probed by THz Neutron and X-ray Spectroscopy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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