1
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Drisko CR, Gezelter JD. A Reverse Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Algorithm for Coupled Mass and Heat Transport in Mixtures. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:4986-4997. [PMID: 38833377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
We present a new method for introducing stable nonequilibrium concentration gradients in molecular dynamics simulations of mixtures. This method extends earlier reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) methods, which use kinetic energy scaling moves to create temperature or velocity gradients. In the new scaled particle flux (SPF-RNEMD) algorithm, energies and forces are computed simultaneously for a molecule existing in two nonadjacent regions of a simulation box, and the system evolves under a linear combination of these interactions. A continuously increasing particle scaling variable is responsible for the migration of the molecule between the regions as the simulation progresses, allowing for simulations under an applied particle flux. To test the method, we investigate diffusivity in mixtures of identical but distinguishable particles and in a simple mixture of multiple Lennard-Jones particles. The resulting concentration gradients provide Fick diffusion constants for mixtures. We also discuss using the new method to obtain coupled transport properties using simultaneous particle and thermal fluxes to compute the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient and activation energies for diffusion from a single simulation. Lastly, we demonstrate the use of this new method in interfacial systems by computing the diffusive permeability of a molecular fluid moving through a nanoporous graphene membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody R Drisko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - J Daniel Gezelter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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2
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Zeng X, Liang T, Cheng X, Fan J, Pang Y, Xu J, Sun R, Xia X, Zeng X. Design of Soft/Hard Interface with High Adhesion Energy and Low Interfacial Thermal Resistance via Regulation of Interfacial Hydrogen Bonding Interaction. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6386-6394. [PMID: 38743576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Adhesion ability and interfacial thermal transfer capacity at soft/hard interfaces are of critical importance to a wide variety of applications, ranging from electronic packaging and soft electronics to batteries. However, these two properties are difficult to obtain simultaneously due to their conflicting nature at soft/hard interfaces. Herein, we report a polyurethane/silicon interface with both high adhesion energy (13535 J m-2) and low thermal interfacial resistance (0.89 × 10-6 m2 K W-1) by regulating hydrogen interactions at the interface. This is achieved by introducing a soybean-oil-based epoxy cross-linker, which can destroy the hydrogen bonds in polyurethane networks and meanwhile can promote the formation of hydrogen bonds at the polyurethane/silicon interface. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of enhancing adhesion energy and reducing interfacial thermal resistance at soft/hard interfaces, which offers a promising perspective to tailor interfacial properties in various material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Materials Science and Technology Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaxia Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunsong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Materials Science and Technology Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinnian Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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3
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El-Rifai A, Perumanath S, Borg MK, Pillai R. Unraveling the Regimes of Interfacial Thermal Conductance at a Solid/Liquid Interface. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:8408-8417. [PMID: 38807631 PMCID: PMC11129300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The interfacial thermal conductance at a solid/liquid interface (G) exhibits an exponential-to-linear crossover with increasing solid/liquid interaction strength, previously attributed to the relative strength of solid/liquid to liquid/liquid interactions. Instead, using a simple Lennard-Jones setup, our molecular simulations reveal that this crossover occurs due to the onset of solidification in the interfacial liquid at high solid/liquid interaction strengths. This solidification subsequently influences interfacial energy transport, leading to the crossover in G. We use the overlap between the spectrally decomposed heat fluxes of the interfacial solid and liquid to pinpoint when "solid-like energy transport" within the interfacial liquid emerges. We also propose a novel decomposition of G into (i) the conductance right at the solid/liquid interface and (ii) the conductance of the nanoscale interfacial liquid region. We demonstrate that the rise of solid-like energy transport within the interfacial liquid influences the relative magnitude of these conductances, which in turn dictates when the crossover occurs. Our results can aid engineers in optimizing G at realistic interfaces, critical to designing effective cooling solutions for electronics among other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah El-Rifai
- Institute
for Multiscale Thermofluids, University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | | | - Matthew K. Borg
- Institute
for Multiscale Thermofluids, University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
| | - Rohit Pillai
- Institute
for Multiscale Thermofluids, University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.
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4
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Faraji F, Neyts EC, Milošević MV, Peeters FM. Capillary Condensation of Water in Graphene Nanocapillaries. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5625-5630. [PMID: 38662431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Recent experiments have revealed that the macroscopic Kelvin equation remains surprisingly accurate even for nanoscale capillaries. This phenomenon was so far explained by the oscillatory behavior of the solid-liquid interfacial free energy. We here demonstrate thermodynamic and capillarity inconsistencies with this explanation. After revising the Kelvin equation, we ascribe its validity at nanoscale confinement to the effect of disjoining pressure. To substantiate our hypothesis, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to evaluate interfacial heat transfer and wetting properties. Our assessments unveil a breakdown in a previously established proportionality between the work of adhesion and the Kapitza conductance at capillary heights below 1.3 nm, where the dominance of the work of adhesion shifts primarily from energy to entropy. Alternatively, the peak density of the initial water layer can effectively probe the work of adhesion. Unlike under bulk conditions, high confinement renders the work of adhesion entropically unfavorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Faraji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erik C Neyts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Milorad V Milošević
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - François M Peeters
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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5
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Loubet NA, Verde AR, Appignanesi GA. A water structure indicator suitable for generic contexts: Two-liquid behavior at hydration and nanoconfinement conditions and a molecular approach to hydrophobicity and wetting. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:144502. [PMID: 38587223 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In a recent work, we have briefly introduced a new structural index for water that, unlike previous indicators, was devised specifically for generic contexts beyond bulk conditions, making it suitable for hydration and nanoconfinement settings. In this work, we shall study this metric in detail, demonstrating its ability to reveal the existence of a fine-tuned interplay between the local structure and energetics in liquid water. This molecular principle enables the establishment of an extended hydrogen bond network, while simultaneously allowing for the existence of network defects by compensating for uncoordinated sites. By studying different water models and different temperatures encompassing both the normal liquid and the supercooled regime, this molecular mechanism will be shown to underlie the two-state behavior of bulk water. In addition, by studying functionalized self-assembled monolayers and diverse graphene-like surfaces, we shall show that this principle is also operative at hydration and nanoconfinement conditions, thus generalizing the validity of the two-liquid scenario of water to these contexts. This approach will allow us to define conditions for wettability, providing an accurate measure of hydrophobicity and a reliable predictor of filling and drying transitions. Hence, it might open the possibility of elucidating the active role of water in the broad fields of biophysics and materials science. As a preliminary step, we shall study the hydration structure and hydrophilicity of graphene-like systems (parallel graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes) as a function of the confinement dimensionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás A Loubet
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Alejandro R Verde
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Appignanesi
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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6
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Samolis PD, Sander MY. Increasing contrast in water-embedded particles via time-gated mid-infrared photothermal microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:1457-1460. [PMID: 38489424 DOI: 10.1364/ol.513742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The transient dynamics of photothermal signals provide interesting insights into material properties and heat diffusion. In a mid-infrared (mid-IR) photothermal microscope, the imaging contrast in a standard amplitude imaging can decrease due to thermal diffusion effects. It is shown that contrast varies for poly-methyl 2-methylpropenoate (PMMA) particles of different sizes when embedded in an absorbing medium of water (H2O) based on levels of heat exchange under the water absorption resonance. Using time-resolved boxcar (BC) detection, analysis of the transient thermal dynamics at the bead-water interface is presented, and the time decay parameters for 500 nm and 100 nm beads are determined. Enhanced (negative) imaging contrast is observed for less heat exchange between the water and bead, as in the case for the 100 nm bead. For the 500 nm bead, boxcar imaging before heat exchange starts occurring, leads to an increase of the imaging contrast up to a factor of 1.6.
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7
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Li Z, Liu B, Guo Y, Bi L, Hu H, Zeng T, Li R, Theodorakis PE. Evaporation Dynamics of Macro- and Nanodroplets on Heated Hydrophilic Rough Substrates: The Effect of Roughness and Scale. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38321753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Droplet evaporation on rough substrates plays an essential role in cooling and micro/nanoparticle assembly. Currently, there are numerous macroscopic experiments and theoretical models to investigate the droplet evaporation behavior on rough substrates. However, due to the complexity of this phenomenon, understanding its mechanisms solely through macroscale studies is difficult. To this end, molecular dynamics simulations of the models with distinct roughness factors are performed, and the obtained results are compared with those of relevant experiments of droplet evaporation on three hydrophilic substrates with different roughness average of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 μm, respectively. In this way, we assess the evaporation on these rough systems and the effect of scale on macro- and nanodroplets, which allows us to explore deeper the mechanism of droplet evaporation on rough hydrophilic substrates. In particular, we find that in the case of macroscale droplets, the evaporation mode remains the same with increasing roughness, pointing to a combined mixed and constant-contact-radius (CCR) mode. In the case of nanoscale droplets, the evaporation model is the constant-contact-angle mode when the roughness factor r = 1, while the mixed and CCR modes are found for r = 1.5 and 2, respectively. The scale effect has significant influence on the evaporation pattern of droplets on rough hydrophilic substrates. Moreover, it is also found that increasing the roughness of substrates expands the substrate-droplet contact area on both the macro- and nanoscale, which in turn enhances the heat transfer from the substrate toward the droplet. We anticipate that this first systematic analysis of scale effects provides further insights into the evaporation dynamics of droplets on rough hydrophilic substrates and has significant implications for the advancement of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuorui Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
- International Centre in Fundamental and Engineering Thermophysics, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
- Key Lab of Agricultural Products Low Carbon Cold Chain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lisen Bi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Hengxiang Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Rui Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
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8
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Gutiérrez-Varela O, Lombard J, Biben T, Santamaria R, Merabia S. Vapor Nanobubbles around Heated Nanoparticles: Wetting Dependence of the Local Fluid Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Nucleation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18263-18275. [PMID: 38061075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanobubbles are composite objects resulting from the interaction between light and metallic nanoparticles immersed in a fluid. Plasmonic nanobubbles have applications in photothermal therapies, drug delivery, microfluidic manipulations, and solar energy conversion. Their early formation is, however, barely characterized due to the short time and length scales relevant to the process. Here, we investigate, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the effect of nanoparticle wettability on both the local fluid thermodynamics and the kinetics of nanobubble generation in water. We first show that the local onset temperature of vapor nucleation decreases with the nanoparticle/water interfacial energy and may be 100 K below the water spinodal temperature in the case of weak nanoparticle/water interactions. Second, we demonstrate that vapor nucleation may be slower in the case of weak water/nanoparticle interactions. This result, which is qualitatively at odds with the predictions of isothermal classical nucleation theory, may be explained by the competition between two antagonist effects: while, classically, hydrophobicity increases the vapor nucleation rate, it also penalizes interfacial thermal transfer, slowing down kinetics. The kinetics of heat transfer from the nanoparticle to water is controlled by the interfacial thermal conductance. This quantity turns out not only to decrease with the nanoparticle hydrophobicity but also drops down prior to phase change, yielding even longer nucleation times. Such conclusions were reached by considering the comparison between MD and continuous heat transfer models. These results put forward the role of nanoparticle wettability in the generation of plasmonic nanobubbles observed experimentally and open the path to the control of boiling using nanopatterned surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Gutiérrez-Varela
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 4510, Mexico
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Julien Lombard
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica and Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 4510, Mexico
| | - Thierry Biben
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Ruben Santamaria
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 4510, Mexico
| | - Samy Merabia
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
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9
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Samolis P, Zhu X, Sander MY. Time-Resolved Mid-Infrared Photothermal Microscopy for Imaging Water-Embedded Axon Bundles. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16514-16521. [PMID: 37880191 PMCID: PMC10652238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Few experimental tools exist for performing label-free imaging of biological samples in a water-rich environment due to the high infrared absorption of water, overlapping with major protein and lipid bands. A novel imaging modality based on time-resolved mid-infrared photothermal microscopy is introduced and applied to imaging axon bundles in a saline bath environment. Photothermally induced spatial gradients at the axon bundle membrane interfaces with saline and surrounding biological tissue are observed and temporally characterized by a high-speed boxcar detection system. Localized time profiles with an enhanced signal-to-noise, hyper-temporal image stacks, and two-dimensional mapping of the time decay profiles are acquired without the need for complex post image processing. Axon bundles are found to have a larger distribution of time decay profiles compared to the water background, allowing background differentiation based on these transient dynamics. The quantitative analysis of the signal evolution over time allows characterizing the level of thermal confinement at different regions. When axon bundles are surrounded by complex heterogeneous tissue, which contains smaller features, a stronger thermal confinement is observed compared to a water environment, thus shedding light on the heat transfer dynamics across aqueous biological interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagis
D. Samolis
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Photonics
Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Xuedong Zhu
- Photonics
Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Michelle Y. Sander
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Photonics
Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division
of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston
University, Brookline, Massachusetts 02446, United States
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10
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Giri A, Walton SG, Tomko J, Bhatt N, Johnson MJ, Boris DR, Lu G, Caldwell JD, Prezhdo OV, Hopkins PE. Ultrafast and Nanoscale Energy Transduction Mechanisms and Coupled Thermal Transport across Interfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14253-14282. [PMID: 37459320 PMCID: PMC10416573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The coupled interactions among the fundamental carriers of charge, heat, and electromagnetic fields at interfaces and boundaries give rise to energetic processes that enable a wide array of technologies. The energy transduction among these coupled carriers results in thermal dissipation at these surfaces, often quantified by the thermal boundary resistance, thus driving the functionalities of the modern nanotechnologies that are continuing to provide transformational benefits in computing, communication, health care, clean energy, power recycling, sensing, and manufacturing, to name a few. It is the purpose of this Review to summarize recent works that have been reported on ultrafast and nanoscale energy transduction and heat transfer mechanisms across interfaces when different thermal carriers couple near or across interfaces. We review coupled heat transfer mechanisms at interfaces of solids, liquids, gasses, and plasmas that drive the resulting interfacial heat transfer and temperature gradients due to energy and momentum coupling among various combinations of electrons, vibrons, photons, polaritons (plasmon polaritons and phonon polaritons), and molecules. These interfacial thermal transport processes with coupled energy carriers involve relatively recent research, and thus, several opportunities exist to further develop these nascent fields, which we comment on throughout the course of this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Giri
- Department
of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Scott G. Walton
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - John Tomko
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Niraj Bhatt
- Department
of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Michael J. Johnson
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - David R. Boris
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - Guanyu Lu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Joshua D. Caldwell
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Patrick E. Hopkins
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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11
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Cheng X, He D, Zhou M, Zhang P, Wang S, Ren L, Sun R, Zeng X. Can Adhesion Energy Optimize Interface Thermal Resistance at a Soft/Hard Material Interface? NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37428875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermal resistance at a soft/hard material interface plays an undisputed role in the development of electronic packaging, sensors, and medicine. Adhesion energy and phonon spectra match are two crucial parameters in determining the interfacial thermal resistance (ITR), but it is difficult to simultaneously achieve these two parameters in one system to reduce the ITR at the soft/hard material interface. Here, we report a design of an elastomer composite consisting of a polyurethane-thioctic acid copolymer and microscale spherical aluminum, which exhibits both high phonon spectra match and high adhesion energy (>1000 J/m2) with hard materials, thus leading to a low ITR of 0.03 mm2·K/W. We further develop a quantitative physically based model connecting the adhesion energy and ITR, revealing the key role the adhesion energy plays. This work serves to engineer the ITR at the soft/hard material interface from the aspect of adhesion energy, which will prompt a paradigm shift in the development of interface science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Cheng
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongyi He
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Man Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Linlin Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rong Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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12
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Abstract
ConspectusUnderstanding the thermoelectric effects that convert energy between heat and electricity on a molecular scale is of great interest to the nanoscience community. As electronic devices continue to be miniaturized to nanometer scales, thermoregulation on such devices becomes increasingly critical. In addition, the study of molecular thermoelectricity provides information that cannot be accessed through conventional electrical conductance measurements. The field of molecular thermoelectrics aims to explore thermoelectric effects in electrode-molecule-electrode tunnel junctions and draw inferences on how the (supra)molecular structure of active molecules is associated with their thermopower. In this Account, we introduce a convenient and useful junction technique that enables thermovoltage measurements of one molecule thick films, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), with reliability, and discuss the atomic-detailed structure-thermopower relations established by the technique. The technique relies on a microelectrode composed of non-Newtonian liquid metal, eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) covered with a native gallium oxide layer. The EGaIn electrode makes it possible to form thermoelectric contacts with the delicate structure of SAMs in a noninvasive fashion. A defined interface between SAM and the EGaIn electrode allows time-effective collection of large amounts of thermovoltage data, with great reproducibility, efficiency, and reliable interpretation and statistical analysis of the data. We also highlight recent efforts to utilize the EGaIn technique for probing molecular thermoelectricity and structure-thermopower relations. Using the technique, it was possible to unravel quantum-chemical mechanisms of thermoelectric functions, based on the Mott formula, in SAM-based large-area junctions, which in turn led us to set various hypotheses to boost the Seebeck coefficient. By validating the hypotheses again with the EGaIn technique, we revealed that the thermopower of junction increases through the reduction of the energy offset between accessible molecular orbital energy level and Fermi level or the tuning of broadening of the orbital energy level. Such alterations in the shape of energy topography of junction could be achieved through structural modifications in anchoring group and molecular backbone of SAM, and the bottom electrode. Molecular thermoelectrics offers a unique opportunity to build a well-defined nanoscale system and isolate an effect of interest from others, advancing fundamental understanding of charge transport across individual molecules and molecule-electrode interfaces. In the Account, we showed our recent work involving carefully designed molecular system that are relevant to answering the question of how thermopower differs between the tunneling and thermal-hopping regimes. The field of molecular thermoelectrics needs to address practical application-related issues, particularly molecular degradation in thermal environments. In this regard, we summarized the results highlighting the thermal instability of SAM-based junctions based on a traditional thiol anchor group and how to circumvent this problem. We also discussed the power factor (PF)─a practical parameter representing the efficiency for converting heat into electricity─of SAMs, evaluated using the EGaIn technique. In the Conclusion section of this Account, we present future challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiung Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Peng He
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyo Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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13
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Anandakrishnan A, Ramos-Alvarado B, Kannam SK, Sathian SP. Effects of interfacial molecular mobility on thermal boundary conductance at solid-liquid interface. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:094710. [PMID: 36889936 DOI: 10.1063/5.0131536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of interfacial molecular mobility on the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) across graphene-water and graphene-perfluorohexane interfaces were investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular mobility was varied by equilibrating nanoconfined water and perfluorohexane at different temperatures. The long-chain molecules of perfluorohexane exhibited a prominent layered structure, indicating a low molecular mobility, over a wide temperature range between 200 and 450 K. Alternatively, water increased its mobility at high temperatures, resulting in an enhanced molecular diffusion that significantly contributed to the interfacial thermal transport, in addition to the increasing vibrational carrier population at high temperatures. Furthermore, the TBC across the graphene-water interface exhibited a quadratic relationship with the rise in temperature, whereas for the graphene-perfluorohexane interface, a linear relationship was observed. The high rate of diffusion in interfacial water facilitated additional low-frequency modes, and a spectral decomposition of the TBC also indicated an enhancement in the same frequency range. Thus, the enhanced spectral transmission and higher molecular mobility of water with respect to perfluorohexane explained the difference in the thermal transport across the interfaces considered herein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bladimir Ramos-Alvarado
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Sridhar Kumar Kannam
- Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Sarith P Sathian
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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14
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Anandakrishnan A, Sathian SP. A data driven approach to model thermal boundary resistance from molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3258-3269. [PMID: 36625720 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04551f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A new method is proposed to model the thermal boundary resistance (TBR) at the nanoscale, solid-liquid interface from macroscopic observables that characterize a nanoscale interface. We correlated the TBR with thermodynamic state variables, material properties, and geometric parameters to derive a generalized relationship with the help of data-driven heuristic algorithms. The results show that TBR can be expressed in terms of physical observables of the systems and material-specific parameters. We investigated the mutual independence of descriptor variables and quantified the weightage for each observable parameter in the TBR models. The interfacial liquid layering has a robust correlation with TBR. However, for systems with phonon size effects and under extreme thermodynamic conditions, the work of adhesion and system geometry also affects the variation in TBR. The data-driven approach followed in this study helps us gain better insight into the mechanism of TBR at nanoscale solid-liquid interfaces and shows significant improvement in our knowledge about interfacial thermal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarith P Sathian
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
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15
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He J, Xian W, Tao L, Corrigan P, Li Y. Unstructured Self-Assembled Molecular Lamella Induces Ultrafast Thermal Transfer through a Cathode/Separator Interphase in Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:56268-56279. [PMID: 36508577 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thermal issues associated with lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can dramatically affect their life cycle and overall performance. However, the effective heat transfer is deeply restrained by the high thermal resistance across the cathode (lithium cobalt oxide, LCO)-separator (polyethylene, PE) interface. This work presents a new approach to tailoring the interfacial thermal resistance, namely, unstructured self-assembled lamella (USAL). Compared to the popular self-assembled monolayers, although the USAL gives a redundant interface and amorphous molecule patterns, it can also provide many benefits, including easy assembly, more thermal bridges, and ready pressurization. Three small organic molecules (SOMs) were assembled into an LCO-PE interface, providing unique functional groups, -NH2, -SH, and -CH3, to illustrate its energy conversion efficiency. Through molecular dynamics simulations, our results show that the USAL can facilitate interfacial heat transfer remarkably. A 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS)-coated LCO-PE system with 11.4 Å thickness demonstrates the maximum enhancement of thermal conductance, about 320% of the pristine system. Such enhancement is attributed to the developed double heat passages by strong non-bonded interactions across LCO-SOM and PE-SOM interfaces, a tuned temperature field, and high compatibility between SOMs and PE. Importantly, due to SOMs' amorphous morphology, the pressure can be imposed and further enhance the interfacial heat transfer. Results show the improved thermal conductance rises the most for the APTMS-coated LCO-PE system with 11.4 Å thickness at 10 GPa, almost 685% higher than that of the pristine system. The high efficiency of heat transfer comes as a result of the enhanced binding strength across the LCO-SOM and SOM-PE interface, the reduced phonon scattering in PE and SOMs, and the high LCO stiffness. These investigations are expected to provide a new perspective for modulating the heat transfer across the interphase of LIBs and achieve more effective thermal management for the multi-material system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706 - 1572, United States
| | - Weikang Xian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706 - 1572, United States
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269 - 3139, United States
| | - Patrick Corrigan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269 - 3060, United States
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706 - 1572, United States
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16
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He J, Tao L, Xian W, Arbaugh T, Li Y. Molecular self-assembled monolayers anomalously enhance thermal conductance across polymer-semiconductor interfaces. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17681-17693. [PMID: 36416469 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04936h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermal issues have become increasingly important for the performance and lifetime of highly miniaturized and integrated devices. However, the high thermal resistance across the polymer/semiconductor interface greatly weakens the fast heat dissipation. In this study, applying the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) technique, organic molecules are employed as heat regulators to mediate interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) between semiconductors (silicon or Si) and polymers (polystyrene or PS). Silane-based SAM molecules with unique functional groups, such as -NH2, -CH3, -SH, and -Cl, are orderly assembled into Si-PS interfaces. Their roles in ITC and the heat transfer mechanism were systematically investigated. Molecular simulations demonstrate that the Si-PS interface decorated with SAM molecules can significantly facilitate heat transfer in varying degrees. Such a difference is primarily due to the different non-bonded interactions and compatibility between SAMs and PS. Compared with the pristine Si-PS interface, the interface incorporated with 3-chloropropyl trimethoxysilane shows the greatest improvement in ITC, about 507.02%. Such improvements are largely attributed to the SAM molecules, as the thermal bridges straighten the molecular SAM chains, develop strong non-bonded interactions with PS, provide the covalent bonding between Si and PS, exhibit a strong coupling effect between two materials' vibrational modes, and eliminate the discontinuities in the temperature field. Eventually, these demonstrations are expected to offer molecular insights to enable effective thermal management through surface engineering for critical-heat transfer materials and microelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1572, USA.
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3139, USA
| | - Weikang Xian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1572, USA.
| | - Tom Arbaugh
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1572, USA.
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17
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Paul S, Nasim Hasan M. Effects of gradient and patterned wetting configuration on condensation over hybrid wetting surface from atomistic viewpoint. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Vinod S, Philip J. Thermal and rheological properties of magnetic nanofluids: Recent advances and future directions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 307:102729. [PMID: 35834910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Technological advancement and miniaturization of electronic gadgets fueled intense research on nanofluids as potential candidates for cooling applications as a substitute to conventional heat transfer fluids. Among nanofluids, magnetic nanofluids, traditionally known as ferrofluids have attracted a lot of attention owing to their magnetic field tunable thermal conductivity and rheological properties due to the aggregation of the magnetic nanoparticles into chains or columns in the presence of the magnetic field. The field-induced aggregates act as low resistance pathways thereby improving thermal transport substantially. Recent studies show that ferrofluids with smaller size and narrow size distribution display significant enhancement in thermal conductivity in the presence of a magnetic field with negligible viscosity enhancement, which is ideal for effective thermal management of electronic devices, especially in miniature electronic devices. On the contrary, highly polydisperse ferrofluids containing large aggregates, show modest enhancement in thermal conductivity in the presence of a magnetic field and a huge enhancement in viscosity. The most recent studies show that magnetic field ramp rate has a profound effect on aggregation kinetics and thermal and rheological properties. The viscosity enhancement under an external stimulus impedes their practical use in electronics cooling, which warrants the need to attain a high thermal conductivity to viscosity ratio, under a modest magnetic field. Though there are several reviews on heat transfer in nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids, a comprehensive review on fundamental understanding of field-induced thermal and rheological properties in magnetic fluids is missing in the literature. This review provides a pedagogical description of the fundamental understanding of field-induced thermal and rheological properties in magnetic fluids, with the necessary background, key concepts, definitions, mechanisms, theoretical models, experimental protocols, and design of experiments. Many important case studies are presented along with the experimental design aspects. The review also provides a summary of important experimental studies with key findings, along with the key challenges and future research directions. The review is an ideal material for experimentalists and theoreticians practicing in the field of magnetic fluids, and also serves as an excellent reference for freshers who indent to begin research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sithara Vinod
- Smart Materials Section, Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - John Philip
- Smart Materials Section, Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
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19
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Wilson BA, Nielsen SO, Randrianalisoa J, Qin Z. Curvature and temperature-dependent thermal interface conductance between nanoscale-gold and water. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:054703. [PMID: 35933210 PMCID: PMC9355664 DOI: 10.1063/5.0090683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>Plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can convert laser irradiation into thermal energy for a variety of applications. Although heat transfer through the AuNP-water interface is considered an essential part of the plasmonic heating process, there is a lack of mechanistic understanding of how interface curvature and the heating itself impact interfacial heat transfer. Here, we report atomistic molecular dynamics simulations that investigate heat transfer through nanoscale gold-water interfaces. We simulated four nanoscale gold structures under various applied heat flux to evaluate how gold-water interface curvature and temperature affect the interfacial heat transfer. We also considered a case in which we artificially reduced wetting at the gold surfaces by tuning the gold-water interactions to determine if such a perturbation alters the curvature and temperature dependence of the gold-water interfacial heat transfer. We first confirmed that interfacial heat transfer is particularly important for small particles (diameter {less than or equal to} 10 nm). We found that the thermal interface conductance increases linearly with interface curvature regardless of the gold wettability, while it increases non-linearly with the applied heat flux under normal wetting and remains constant under reduced wetting. Our analysis suggests the curvature dependence of the interface conductance coincides with changes in interfacial water adsorption, while the temperature dependence may arise from temperature-induced shifts in the distribution of water vibrational states. Our study advances the current understanding of interface thermal conductance for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A Wilson
- Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, United States of America
| | - Steven O. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, United States of America
| | | | - Zhenpeng Qin
- Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, United States of America
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20
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Olarte-Plata JD, Bresme F. Thermal conductance of the water–gold interface: The impact of the treatment of surface polarization in non-equilibrium molecular simulations. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:204701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0090983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) quantifies heat transport across material–fluid interfaces. It is a property of crucial importance to study heat transfer processes at both macro- and nanoscales. Therefore, it is essential to accurately model the specific interactions between solids and liquids. Here, we investigate the thermal conductance of gold–water interfaces using polarizable and non-polarizable models. Both models have been fitted to reproduce the interfacial tension of the gold–water interface, but they predict significantly different ITCs. We demonstrate that the treatment of polarization using Drude-like models, widely employed in molecular simulations, leads to a coupling of the solid and liquid vibrational modes that give rise to a significant overestimation of the ITCs. We analyze the dependence of the vibrational coupling with the mass of the Drude particle and propose a solution to the artificial enhancement of the ITC, preserving at the same time the polarization response of the solid. Based on our calculations, we estimate ITCs of 200 MW/(m2 K) for the water–gold interface. This magnitude is comparable to that reported recently for gold–water interfaces [279 ± 16 MW/(m2 K)] using atomic fluctuating charges to account for the polarization contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D. Olarte-Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, W12 0BZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, W12 0BZ London, United Kingdom
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21
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Fujiwara K, Shibahara M. Thermal transport mechanism at a solid-liquid interface based on the heat flux detected at a subatomic spatial resolution. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:034803. [PMID: 35428048 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.034803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heat flux is a fundamental quantity in thermal science and engineering and is essential for understanding thermal transport phenomena. In this study, the heat flux in a solid-liquid interfacial region is obtained in a three-dimensional (3D) space at a subatomic spatial resolution based on classical molecular dynamics, yielding a 3D structure of the heat flux between the solid and liquid layers in contact. The results using the Lennard-Jones potential reveal the directional qualities of the heat flux, which are significantly dependent on the subatomic stresses in the structures of condensed phase systems. The heat flux and stress at the subatomic scale are related to the macroscopic transport quantities, which can be obtained using distribution functions; the stress and energy flux properties at the subatomic scale are comprehensively investigated using a single-interaction-based stress and energy flux to determine the origin of the thermal transport mechanism at the solid-liquid interface. The findings reveal that the density of states due to the stress caused by a single interaction exhibits a bandlike behavior. The net energy transport comprises positive and negative energy transport inside and outside the band. In addition, this is related to the intrinsic transport property of the atoms and molecules at the solid-liquid interface at the subatomic scale. The difference between the energy transport rates when a solid atom in the vicinity of the interface is near to or far from the liquid phase is the origin of the energy transport mechanism at the solid-liquid interface. 3D analysis of the heat flux and stress is carried out by varying the interaction strengths between the liquid molecules and solid atoms at the solid-liquid interface. This reveals that the directional quality of transport quantities is high at strong interaction strengths, thus indicating enhanced thermal transport. Furthermore, the influence of the temperature gradient in the system suggests that the energy transport imbalance between inside and outside the stress band in a high-stress field at the subatomic scale induces the net thermal transport across the interface in the nonequilibrium state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Fujiwara
- Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masahiko Shibahara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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22
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Lombard J, Biben T, Merabia S. Electron–phonon effects on the photoacoustic response of gold core–silica shell nanoparticles: From the linear regime to nanocavitation. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:084701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0078457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Coating gold nanostructures with a silica shell has been long considered for biomedical applications, including photoacoustic imaging. Recent experimental and modeling investigations reported contradicting results concerning the effect of coating on the photoacoustic response of gold nanostructures. Enhanced photoacoustic response is generally attributed to facilitated heat transfer at the gold/silica/water system. Here, we examine the photoacoustic response of gold core–silica shell nanoparticles immersed in water using a combination of the two temperature model and hydrodynamic phase field simulations. Here, of particular interest is the role of the interfacial coupling between the gold electrons and silica shell phonons. We demonstrate that as compared to uncoated nanoparticles, photoacoustic response is enhanced for very thin silica shells (5 nm) and short laser pulses, but for thicker coatings, the photoacoustic performance are generally deteriorated. We extend the study to the regime of nanocavitation and show that the generation of nanobubbles may also play a role in the enhanced acoustic response of core–shell nanoparticles. Our modeling effort may serve as guides for the optimization of the photoacoustic response of heterogeneous metal–dielectric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lombard
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica and Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Thierry Biben
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Samy Merabia
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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23
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Matsubara H, Surblys D, Bao Y, Ohara T. Molecular dynamics study on vibration-mode matching in surfactant-mediated thermal transport at solid–liquid interfaces. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Jiang M, Olarte-Plata JD, Bresme F. Heterogeneous thermal conductance of nanoparticle–fluid interfaces: An atomistic nodal approach. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:044701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0074912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Juan D. Olarte-Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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25
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Olarte-Plata JD, Gabriel J, Albella P, Bresme F. Spatial Control of Heat Flow at the Nanoscale Using Janus Particles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:694-709. [PMID: 34918910 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) feature heterogeneous compositions, bringing opportunities in technological and medical applications. We introduce a theoretical approach based on nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and heat transfer continuum theory to investigate the temperature fields generated around heated spherical JNPs covering a wide range of particle sizes, from a few nm to 100 nm. We assess the performance of these nanoparticles to generate anisotropic heating at the nanoscale. We demonstrate that the contrasting interfacial thermal conductances of the fluid-material interfaces arising from the heterogeneous composition of the JNPs can be exploited to control the thermal fields around the nanoparticle, leading to a temperature difference between both sides of the nanoparticle (temperature contrast) that is significant for particles comprising regions with disparate hydrophilicity. We illustrate this idea using coarse-grained and atomistic models of gold nanoparticles with hydrophobic and hydrophilic coatings, in water. Furthermore, we introduce a continuum model to predict the temperature contrast as a function of the interfacial thermal conductance and nanoparticle size. We further show that, unlike homogeneous nanoparticles, the interfacial fluid temperature depends on the interfacial thermal conductance of Janus nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Olarte-Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College, W12 0BZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jordan Gabriel
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College, W12 0BZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Albella
- Department of Applied Physics (Group of Optics), University of Cantabria, Avenida Los Castros, s/n, Santander 39005, Spain
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College, W12 0BZ, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Paul S, Hasan MN. Molecular dynamics perspective of condensation over a hybrid wetting surface. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.2025235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Paul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nasim Hasan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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27
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Hamzi H, Rajabpour A, Roldán É, Hassanali A. Learning the Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic, and Aromatic Character of Amino Acids from Thermal Relaxation and Interfacial Thermal Conductance. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:670-678. [PMID: 35015542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the thermal relaxation of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids in water and in the protein lysozyme is investigated using transient nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. By modeling the thermal relaxation process, the relaxation times of the amino acids in water occurs over a time scale covering 2-5 ps. For the hydrophobic amino acids, the relaxation time is controlled by the size of the hydrocarbon side chain, while for hydrophilic amino acids, the number of hydrogen bonds does not significantly affect the time scales of the heat dissipation. Our results show that the interfacial thermal conductance at the amino acid-water interface is in the range of 40-80 MW m-2 K-1. Hydrophobic and aromatic amino acids tend to have a lower interfacial thermal conductance. Notably, we show that amino acids can be correlated with their thermal relaxation times and molar masses, into simply connected phases with the same hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, and aromaticity. The thermal relaxation slows down by a factor of up to five in the protein relative to that in water. In the case of the hydrophobic amino acids in the protein lysozyme, the slow down in the thermal relaxation relative to that in water appears to be controlled primarily by the size of the side chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heydar Hamzi
- Advanced Simulation and Computing Laboratory (ASCL), Mechanical Engineering Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabpour
- Advanced Simulation and Computing Laboratory (ASCL), Mechanical Engineering Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34148-96818, Iran
| | - Édgar Roldán
- The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ali Hassanali
- The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
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28
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Mao D, Wang X, Wu Y, Gu Z, Wang C, Tu Y. Unexpected hydrophobicity on self-assembled monolayers terminated with two hydrophilic hydroxyl groups. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19604-19609. [PMID: 34812817 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05048f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current major approaches to access surface hydrophobicity include directly introducing hydrophobic nonpolar groups/molecules onto the surface or elaborately fabricating surface roughness. Here, for the first time, molecular dynamics simulations show an unexpected hydrophobicity with a contact angle of 82° on a flexible self-assembled monolayer terminated only with two hydrophilic OH groups ((OH)2-SAM). This hydrophobicity, verified by a water slip phenomenon characterizing the friction on the (OH)2-SAM surface, is attributed to the formation of a hexagonal-ice-like H-bonding structure in the OH matrix of (OH)2-SAM, which sharply reduces the hydrogen bonds between the surface and the water molecules above. The unique simple interface presented here offers a significant molecular-level platform for examining the bio-interfacial interactions ranging from biomolecule binding to cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangxin Mao
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Yuanyan Wu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Zonglin Gu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Zhangjiang Lab, Interdisplinary Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yusong Tu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electrical Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Gudhka RB, Vats M, Bilodeau CL, McCallum SA, McCoy MA, Roush DJ, Snyder MA, Cramer SM. Probing IgG1 F C-Multimodal Nanoparticle Interactions: A Combined Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12188-12203. [PMID: 34633195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, NMR and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to study IgG1 FC binding to multimodal surfaces. Gold nanoparticles functionalized with two multimodal cation-exchange ligands (Capto and Nuvia) were synthesized and employed to carry out solution-phase NMR experiments with the FC. Experiments with perdeuterated 15N-labeled FC and the multimodal surfaces revealed micromolar residue-level binding affinities as compared to millimolar binding affinities with these ligands in free solution, likely due to cooperativity and avidity effects. The binding of FC with the Capto ligand nanoparticles was concentrated near an aliphatic cluster in the CH2/CH3 interface, which corresponded to a focused hydrophobic region. In contrast, binding with the Nuvia ligand nanoparticles was more diffuse and corresponded to a large contiguous positive electrostatic potential region on the side face of the FC. Results with lower-ligand-density nanoparticles indicated a decrease in binding affinity for both systems. For the Capto ligand system, several aliphatic residues on the FC that were important for binding to the higher-density surface did not interact with the lower-density nanoparticles. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in the interacting residues on the FC to the high- and low-ligand density Nuvia surfaces. The binding affinities of FC to both multimodal-functionalized nanoparticles decreased in the presence of salt due to the screening of multiple weak interactions of polar and positively charged residues. For the Capto ligand nanoparticle system, this resulted in an even more focused hydrophobic binding region in the interface of the CH2 and CH3 domains. Interestingly, for the Nuvia ligand nanoparticles, the presence of salt resulted in a large transition from a diffuse binding region to the same focused binding region determined for Capto nanoparticles at 150 mM salt. Molecular dynamics simulations corroborated the NMR results and provided important insights into the molecular basis of FC binding to these different multimodal systems containing clustered (observed at high-ligand densities) and nonclustered ligand surfaces. This combined biophysical and simulation approach provided significant insights into the interactions of FC with multimodal surfaces and sets the stage for future analyses with even more complex biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mark A McCoy
- Mass Spectrometry & Biophysics, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - David J Roush
- Biologics Process R&D, Downstream Purification Development and Engineering, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Mark A Snyder
- Process Chemistry Division, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, California 94547, United States
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30
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Song Z, Cui Z, Cao Q, Liu Y, Li J. Molecular dynamics study of convective heat transfer in ordered rough nanochannels. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Olarte-Plata JD, Bresme F. The impact of the thermostats on the non-equilibrium computer simulations of the interfacial thermal conductance. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1959033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan D. Olarte-Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
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32
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Ashbaugh HS, Vats M, Garde S. Bridging Gaussian Density Fluctuations from Microscopic to Macroscopic Volumes: Applications to Non-Polar Solute Hydration Thermodynamics. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8152-8164. [PMID: 34283590 PMCID: PMC8389927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c04087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The hydration of
hydrophobic solutes is intimately related to the
spontaneous formation of cavities in water through ambient density
fluctuations. Information theory-based modeling and simulations have
shown that water density fluctuations in small volumes are approximately
Gaussian. For limiting cases of microscopic and macroscopic volumes,
water density fluctuations are known exactly and are rigorously related
to the density and isothermal compressibility of water. Here, we develop
a theory—interpolated gaussian fluctuation theory (IGFT)—that
builds an analytical bridge to describe water density fluctuations
from microscopic to molecular scales. This theory requires no detailed
information about the water structure beyond the effective size of
a water molecule and quantities that are readily obtained from water’s
equation-of-state—namely, the density and compressibility.
Using simulations, we show that IGFT provides a good description of
density fluctuations near the mean, that is, it characterizes the
variance of occupancy fluctuations over all solute sizes. Moreover,
when combined with the information theory, IGFT reproduces the well-known
signatures of hydrophobic hydration, such as entropy convergence and
solubility minima, for atomic-scale solutes smaller than the crossover
length scale beyond which the Gaussian assumption breaks down. We
further show that near hydrophobic and hydrophilic self-assembled
monolayer surfaces in contact with water, the normalized solvent density
fluctuations within observation volumes depend similarly on size as
observed in the bulk, suggesting the feasibility of a modified version
of IGFT for interfacial systems. Our work highlights the utility of
a density fluctuation-based approach toward understanding and quantifying
the solvation of non-polar solutes in water and the forces that drive
them toward surfaces with different hydrophobicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry S Ashbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Mayank Vats
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies and the Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Shekhar Garde
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies and the Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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33
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Koley S, Altern SH, Vats M, Han X, Jang D, Snyder MA, Belisle C, Cramer SM. Evaluation of guanidine-based multimodal anion exchangers for protein selectivity and orthogonality. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1653:462398. [PMID: 34280791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we examined the chromatographic behavior of a new class of guanidine-based multimodal anion exchange resins. The selectivities and protein recoveries on these resins were first evaluated using linear gradient chromatography with a model acidic protein library at pH 5, 6 and 7. While a single-guanidine based resin exhibited significant recovery issues at high ligand density, a bis-guanidine based resin showed high recoveries of all but two of the proteins evaluated in the study. In addition, the bis-guanidine resin showed a more pH dependent selectivity pattern as compared to the low density single-guanidine resin. The salt elution range for the low density single-guanidine and bis-guanidine resins was also observed to vary from 0.250 to 0.621 M and 0.162 to 0.828 M NaCl, respectively. A QSAR model was then developed to predict the elution behavior of these proteins on the guanidine prototypes at multiple pH with overall training and test scores of 0.88 and 0.85, respectively. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations were performed with these ligands immobilized on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) to characterize their conformational preferences and to gain insight into the molecular basis of their chromatographic behavior. Finally, a recently developed framework was employed to evaluate the separability of the bis-guanidine resin as well as its orthogonality to the multimodal cation exchanger, Nuvia cPrime. This evaluation was carried out using a second model protein library which included both acidic and basic proteins. The results of this analysis indicated that the bis-guanidine prototype exhibited both higher pair separability (0.73) and pair enhancement (0.42) as compared to the less hydrophobic commercial Nuvia aPrime 4A with pair separability and enhancement factors of 0.57 and 0.22, respectively. The enhanced selectivity and orthogonality of this new multimodal anion exchange ligand may offer potential opportunities for bioprocessing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Koley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Scott H Altern
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Mayank Vats
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Xuan Han
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Dongyoun Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States
| | - Mark A Snyder
- Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA 94547 United States
| | - Chris Belisle
- Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA 94547 United States
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
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34
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Kwon H, Perez C, Kim HK, Asheghi M, Park W, Goodson KE. Thermal Interface Enhancement via Inclusion of an Adhesive Layer Using Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21905-21913. [PMID: 33914509 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces govern thermal transport in a variety of nanostructured systems such as FinFETs, interconnects, and vias. Thermal boundary resistances, however, critically depend on the choice of materials, nanomanufacturing processes and conditions, and the planarity of interfaces. In this work, we study the interfacial thermal transport between a nonreactive metal (Pt) and a dielectric by engineering two differing bonding characters: (i) the mechanical adhesion/van der Waals bonding offered by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) and (ii) the chemical bonding generated by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). We introduce 40-cycle (∼2 nm thick), nearly continuous PEALD Pt films between 98 nm PVD Pt and dielectric materials (8.0 nm TiO2/Si and 11.0 nm Al2O3/Si) treated with either O2 or O2 + H2 plasma to modulate their bonding strengths. By correlating the treatments through thermal transport measurements using time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR), we find that the thermal boundary resistances are consistently reduced with the same increased treatment complexity that has been demonstrated in the literature to enhance mechanical adhesion. For samples on TiO2 (Al2O3), reductions in thermal resistance are at least 4% (10%) compared to those with no PEALD Pt at all, but could be as large as 34% (42%) given measurement uncertainties that could be improved with thinner nucleation layers. We suspect the O2 plasma generates stronger covalent bonds to the substrate, while the H2 plasma strips the PEALD Pt of contaminants such as carbon that gives rise to a less thermally resistive heat conduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heungdong Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Christopher Perez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hyojin K Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mehdi Asheghi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Woosung Park
- Division of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, South Korea
| | - Kenneth E Goodson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Huang Building, Dean's Office Suite, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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35
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Chew AK, Dallin BC, Van Lehn RC. The Interplay of Ligand Properties and Core Size Dictates the Hydrophobicity of Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4534-4545. [PMID: 33621066 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophobicity of monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles is a crucial design parameter that influences self-assembly, preferential binding to proteins and membranes, and other nano-bio interactions. Predicting the effects of monolayer components on nanoparticle hydrophobicity is challenging due to the nonadditive, cooperative perturbations to interfacial water structure that dictate hydrophobicity at the nanoscale. In this work, we quantify nanoparticle hydrophobicity by using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to calculate local hydration free energies at the nanoparticle-water interface. The simulations reveal that the hydrophobicity of large gold nanoparticles is determined primarily by ligand end group chemistry, as expected. However, for small gold nanoparticles, long alkanethiol ligands interact to form anisotropic bundles that lead to substantial spatial variations in hydrophobicity even for homogeneous monolayer compositions. We further show that nanoparticle hydrophobicity is modulated by changing the ligand structure, ligand chemistry, and gold core size, emphasizing that single-ligand properties alone are insufficient to characterize hydrophobicity. Finally, we illustrate that hydration free energy measurements correlate with the preferential binding of propane as a representative hydrophobic probe molecule. Together, these results show that both physical and chemical properties influence the hydrophobicity of small nanoparticles and must be considered together when predicting gold nanoparticle interactions with biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex K Chew
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Bradley C Dallin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Reid C Van Lehn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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36
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Saha LC, Kikugawa G. Heat Conduction Performance over a Poly(ethylene glycol) Self-Assembled Monolayer/Water Interface: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:1896-1905. [PMID: 33569956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the interfacial heat condition between a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and water using molecular dynamics simulation. It was found that the PEG SAM has higher thermal boundary conductance (TBC) than the traditionally used alkane-based SAM. The TBC conditionally varied with the length of the PEG molecules, where interfacial thermal resistance was a key factor. Our results reveal that the TBC of the PEG SAM/water interface is greatly influenced by its structural properties rather than the matching of vibrational properties between the SAM terminal and water. The structural analysis shows that the water structure around the terminal oxygen atom of the SAM plays a vital role in controlling the TBC. In this study, the concept of free volume has also been exploited, and the result suggests that the reduction of the free volume fraction accommodates a higher TBC. The model was precisely validated against experimental data by calculating the tilt angle and dihedral angle of the PEG SAM, the persistence length of the PEG chain in the water medium, and the sulfur position of the PEG SAM headgroup on the gold surface using quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy image simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leton C Saha
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Gota Kikugawa
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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37
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Barella M, Violi IL, Gargiulo J, Martinez LP, Goschin F, Guglielmotti V, Pallarola D, Schlücker S, Pilo-Pais M, Acuna GP, Maier SA, Cortés E, Stefani FD. In Situ Photothermal Response of Single Gold Nanoparticles through Hyperspectral Imaging Anti-Stokes Thermometry. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2458-2467. [PMID: 32941001 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Several fields of applications require a reliable characterization of the photothermal response and heat dissipation of nanoscopic systems, which remains a challenging task for both modeling and experimental measurements. Here, we present an implementation of anti-Stokes thermometry that enables the in situ photothermal characterization of individual nanoparticles (NPs) from a single hyperspectral photoluminescence confocal image. The method is label-free, potentially applicable to any NP with detectable anti-Stokes emission, and does not require any prior information about the NP itself or the surrounding media. With it, we first studied the photothermal response of spherical gold NPs of different sizes on glass substrates, immersed in water, and found that heat dissipation is mainly dominated by the water for NPs larger than 50 nm. Then, the role of the substrate was studied by comparing the photothermal response of 80 nm gold NPs on glass with sapphire and graphene, two materials with high thermal conductivity. For a given irradiance level, the NPs reach temperatures 18% lower on sapphire and 24% higher on graphene than on bare glass. The fact that the presence of a highly conductive material such as graphene leads to a poorer thermal dissipation demonstrates that interfacial thermal resistances play a very significant role in nanoscopic systems and emphasize the need for in situ experimental thermometry techniques. The developed method will allow addressing several open questions about the role of temperature in plasmon-assisted applications, especially ones where NPs of arbitrary shapes are present in complex matrixes and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Barella
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
| | - Ianina L Violi
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, 1650, Argentina
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Luciana P Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
| | - Florian Goschin
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Victoria Guglielmotti
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, 1650, Argentina
| | - Diego Pallarola
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, 1650, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Mauricio Pilo-Pais
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Fernando D Stefani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Int. Güiraldes 2620, 1428, CABA Argentina
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38
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Li D, Wang H, Li C, Liang Y, Yan X, Zhang H. Determination and modulation of the typical interactions among dispersed phases relevant to flotation applications: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 288:102359. [PMID: 33422930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flotation is a process involving multi-components, multi-scales, and gas-liquid-solid three phases, where the material separation is achieved based on the difference in surface hydrophobicity of various constituents. In a flotation system, fluids are usually regarded as the continuous phase, while the dispersed phases refer to scattered particles, bubbles, and droplets with low solubility as a dispersion that is surrounded by the aqueous environment. Fundamentally, the interactions among dispersed phases exist throughout the flotation process, and play distinct roles during different periods. For example, the liquid collector-solid, solid-solid, bubble-bubble and gas bubble-solid interactions are closely associated with the particle surface modification, particle behavior, bubble size evolution and separation in flotation, respectively. Therefore, the influences of each stage are all worthy of concern, and should be spared sufficient attention, which requires to formulate a horizontal writing structure. In this review, instead of summarizing all available characterization techniques or measurements, certain typical examples or methods were consciously chosen to perform analysis or comparison, aiming to summarize recent studies on the determination and modulation of dispersed phase interactions. The determination on the interactions among dispersed phases is helpful for fundamentally understanding the microcosmic process connotations, and their modulation contributes to firmly providing macroscopic optimization schemes for practical applications. By integrating some typically available theoretical calculations and experimental measurements related to the dispersed phase interactions, the present article is devoted to revealing the influential factors, finding out the current challenges or knowledge gaps, and affording certain references or suggestions for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Hainan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Chenwei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Yannan Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaokang Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China.
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39
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Monroe JI, Jiao S, Davis RJ, Robinson Brown D, Katz LE, Shell MS. Affinity of small-molecule solutes to hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and chemically patterned interfaces in aqueous solution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2020205118. [PMID: 33372161 PMCID: PMC7821046 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020205118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Performance of membranes for water purification is highly influenced by the interactions of solvated species with membrane surfaces, including surface adsorption of solutes upon fouling. Current efforts toward fouling-resistant membranes often pursue surface hydrophilization, frequently motivated by macroscopic measures of hydrophilicity, because hydrophobicity is thought to increase solute-surface affinity. While this heuristic has driven diverse membrane functionalization strategies, here we build on advances in the theory of hydrophobicity to critically examine the relevance of macroscopic characterizations of solute-surface affinity. Specifically, we use molecular simulations to quantify the affinities to model hydroxyl- and methyl-functionalized surfaces of small, chemically diverse, charge-neutral solutes represented in produced water. We show that surface affinities correlate poorly with two conventional measures of solute hydrophobicity, gas-phase water solubility and oil-water partitioning. Moreover, we find that all solutes show attraction to the hydrophobic surface and most to the hydrophilic one, in contrast to macroscopically based hydrophobicity heuristics. We explain these results by decomposing affinities into direct solute interaction energies (which dominate on hydroxyl surfaces) and water restructuring penalties (which dominate on methyl surfaces). Finally, we use an inverse design algorithm to show how heterogeneous surfaces, with multiple functional groups, can be patterned to manipulate solute affinity and selectivity. These findings, importantly based on a range of solute and surface chemistries, illustrate that conventional macroscopic hydrophobicity metrics can fail to predict solute-surface affinity, and that molecular-scale surface chemical patterning significantly influences affinity-suggesting design opportunities for water purification membranes and other engineered interfaces involving aqueous solute-surface interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob I Monroe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Sally Jiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - R Justin Davis
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Dennis Robinson Brown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
| | - Lynn E Katz
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - M Scott Shell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106;
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40
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Zobeiri H, Hunter N, Wang R, Liu X, Tan H, Xu S, Wang X. Thermal conductance between water and nm-thick WS 2: extremely localized probing using nanosecond energy transport state-resolved Raman. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5821-5832. [PMID: 36133876 PMCID: PMC9418056 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00844c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-solid interface energy transport has been a long-term research topic. Past research mostly focused on theoretical studies while there are only a handful of experimental reports because of the extreme challenges faced in measuring such interfaces. Here, by constructing nanosecond energy transport state-resolved Raman spectroscopy (nET-Raman), we characterize thermal conductance across a liquid-solid interface: water-WS2 nm film. In the studied system, one side of a nm-thick WS2 film is in contact with water and the other side is isolated. WS2 samples are irradiated with 532 nm wavelength lasers and their temperature evolution is monitored by tracking the Raman shift variation in the E2g mode at several laser powers. Steady and transient heating states are created using continuous wave and nanosecond pulsed lasers, respectively. We find that the thermal conductance between water and WS2 is in the range of 2.5-11.8 MW m-2 K-1 for three measured samples (22, 33, and 88 nm thick). This is in agreement with molecular dynamics simulation results and previous experimental work. The slight differences are attributed mostly to the solid-liquid interaction at the boundary and the surface energies of different solid materials. Our detailed analysis confirms that nET-Raman is very robust in characterizing such interface thermal conductance. It completely eliminates the need for laser power absorption and Raman temperature coefficients, and is insensitive to the large uncertainties in 2D material properties input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Zobeiri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA +1-515-294-8023
| | - Nicholas Hunter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA +1-515-294-8023
| | - Ridong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Xinman Liu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Washington Seattle Washington 98105 USA
| | - Hong Tan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
| | - Shen Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA +1-515-294-8023
- Automotive Engineering College, Shanghai University of Engineering Science 333 Longteng Road Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA +1-515-294-8023
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41
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Li S, Chen Y, Zhao J, Wang C, Wei N. Atomic structure causing an obvious difference in thermal conductance at the Pd-H 2O interface: a molecular dynamics simulation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:17870-17879. [PMID: 32840546 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04594b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thermal transfer across solid-liquid interfaces is influenced by multiple factors such as surface wettability, interfacial water layer density, molecular structure, and mass density depletion length. However, the dominant factors in interfacial heat transport are yet to be investigated. In this work, we explore the contributions from these factors by employing the Pd-water model for water molecules forming ordered, partially ordered, and disordered structures on Pd (100), (110) and (111) surfaces, respectively. The results revealed that the ordered water layer on the (100) surface can introduce a "phonon bridge" at the solid-liquid interface to improve thermal transfer, while the partially ordered water layer on the (110) surface can further promote thermal transfer due to the enhanced interfacial friction. On the other hand, the decreased density depletion length also makes dominant contributions to the enhancement of interfacial thermal transfer. The results are explained by the interfacial friction coefficient, surface potential energy distribution and density depletion length. We also introduce an efficient technique by tuning the vacancy defects on the solid surface to tune the atomic structure as well as the thermal transfer. Our study reveals the complex relationship between the atomic structure of the crystal face, the water layer structure and the thermal boundary conductance, which will inspire more experimental and theoretical studies toward the improvement of interfacial thermal transport by tuning the structure of the water layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanchen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.
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42
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Salassi S, Cardellini A, Asinari P, Ferrando R, Rossi G. Water dynamics affects thermal transport at the surface of hydrophobic and hydrophilic irradiated nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3181-3190. [PMID: 36134276 PMCID: PMC9419265 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles, such as Au nanoparticles (NPs) coated with bio-compatible ligands, are largely studied and tested in nanomedicine for photothermal therapies. Nevertheless, no clear physical interpretation is currently available to explain thermal transport at the nanoparticle surface, where a solid-liquid (core-ligand) interface is coupled to a liquid-liquid (ligand-solvent) interface. This lack of understanding makes it difficult to control the temperature increase imposed by the irradiated NPs to the surrounding biological environment, and it has so far hindered the rational design of the NP surface chemistry. Here, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations are used to show that thermal transport at the nanoparticle surface depends dramatically on solvent diffusivity at the ligand-solvent interface. Furthermore, using physical indicators of water confinement around hydrophobic and hydrophilic ligands, a predictive model is developed to allow the engineering of NP coatings with the desired thermal conductivities at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Salassi
- Physics Department, University of Genoa via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genoa Italy
| | - Annalisa Cardellini
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Pietro Asinari
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Riccardo Ferrando
- Physics Department, University of Genoa via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genoa Italy
| | - Giulia Rossi
- Physics Department, University of Genoa via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genoa Italy
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43
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Ranathunga DTS, Shamir A, Dai X, Nielsen SO. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Water Condensation on Surfaces with Tunable Wettability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7383-7391. [PMID: 32498521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water condensation plays a major role in a wide range of industrial applications. Over the past few years, many studies have shown interest in designing surfaces with enhanced water condensation and removal properties. It is well known that heterogeneous nucleation outperforms homogeneous nucleation in the condensation process. Because heterogeneous nucleation initiates on a surface at a small scale, it is highly desirable to characterize water-surface interactions at the molecular level. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can provide direct insight into heterogeneous nucleation and advance surface designs. Existing MD simulations of water condensation on surfaces were conducted by tuning the solid-water van der Waals interaction energy as a substitute for modeling surfaces with different wettabilities. However, this approach cannot reflect the real intermolecular interactions between the surface and water molecules. Here, we report MD simulations of water condensation on realistic surfaces of alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers with different head group chemistries. We show that decreasing surface hydrophobicity significantly increases the electrostatic forces between water molecules and the surface, thus increasing the water condensation rate. We observe a strong correlation between our rate of condensation results and the results from other surface characterization metrics, such as the interfacial thermal conductance, contact angle, and the molecular-scale wettability metric of Garde and co-workers. This work provides insight into the water condensation process at the molecular scale on surfaces with tunable wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dineli T S Ranathunga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Alexandra Shamir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Xianming Dai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Steven O Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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44
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Sandell S, Maire J, Chávez-Ángel E, Sotomayor Torres CM, Kristiansen H, Zhang Z, He J. Enhancement of Thermal Boundary Conductance of Metal-Polymer System. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040670. [PMID: 32252435 PMCID: PMC7221886 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In organic electronics, thermal management is a challenge, as most organic materials conduct heat poorly. As these devices become smaller, thermal transport is increasingly limited by organic-inorganic interfaces, for example that between a metal and a polymer. However, the mechanisms of heat transport at these interfaces are not well understood. In this work, we compare three types of metal-polymer interfaces. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films of different thicknesses (1-15 nm) were spin-coated on silicon substrates and covered with an 80 nm gold film either directly, or over an interface layer of 2 nm of an adhesion promoting metal-either titanium or nickel. We use the frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) technique to measure the effective thermal conductivity of the polymer film and then extract the metal-polymer thermal boundary conductance (TBC) with a thermal resistance circuit model. We found that the titanium layer increased the TBC by a factor of 2, from 59 × 106 W·m-2·K-1 to 115 × 106 W·m-2·K-1, while the nickel layer increased TBC to 139 × 106 W·m-2·K-1. These results shed light on possible strategies to improve heat transport in organic electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Sandell
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Jeremie Maire
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), (ICN-CSIC) Barcelona, Campus UAB, E08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Emigdio Chávez-Ángel
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), (ICN-CSIC) Barcelona, Campus UAB, E08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), (ICN-CSIC) Barcelona, Campus UAB, E08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICREA—Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helge Kristiansen
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jianying He
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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45
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Xie X, Diao Z, Cahill DG. Microscale, bendable thermoreflectance sensor for local measurements of the thermal effusivity of biological fluids and tissues. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:044903. [PMID: 32357710 DOI: 10.1063/1.5141376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of the thermal transport properties of biological fluids and tissues are important for biomedical applications such as thermal diagnostics and thermal therapeutics. Here, we describe a microscale thermoreflectance sensor to measure the thermal effusivity of fluids and biological samples in a minimally invasive manner. The sensor is based on ultrafast optical pump-probe techniques and employs a metal-coated optical fiber as both a photonic waveguide and a local probe. Calibration of the sensor with five liquids shows that the percentage deviation between experimentally measured effusivity and literature values is on average <3%. We further demonstrate the capability of the sensor by measuring the thermal effusivity of vegetable oil, butter, pork liver, and quail egg white and yolk. We relate the thermal effusivity of the samples to their composition and water content, and establish our technique as a powerful and flexible method for studying the local thermal transport properties of biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xie
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Zhu Diao
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - David G Cahill
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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46
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Physical and chemical descriptors for predicting interfacial thermal resistance. Sci Data 2020; 7:36. [PMID: 32015329 PMCID: PMC6997172 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0373-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat transfer at interfaces plays a critical role in material design and device performance. Higher interfacial thermal resistances (ITRs) affect the device efficiency and increase the energy consumption. Conversely, higher ITRs can enhance the figure of merit of thermoelectric materials by achieving ultra-low thermal conductivity via nanostructuring. This study proposes a dataset of descriptors for predicting the ITRs. The dataset includes two parts: one part consists of ITRs data collected from 87 experimental papers and the other part consists of the descriptors of 289 materials, which can construct over 80,000 pair-material systems for ITRs prediction. The former part is composed of over 1300 data points of metal/nonmetal, nonmetal/nonmetal, and metal/metal interfaces. The latter part consists of physical and chemical properties that are highly correlated to the ITRs. The synthesis method of the materials and the thermal measurement technique are also recorded in the dataset for further analyses. These datasets can be applied not only to ITRs predictions but also to thermal-property predictions or heat transfer on various material systems. Measurement(s) | material entity • interface • Material Description | Technology Type(s) | machine learning • digital curation |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11618253
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47
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Bilodeau CL, Lau EY, Roush D, Garde S, Cramer SM. Formation of Ligand Clusters on Multimodal Chromatographic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:16770-16779. [PMID: 31603330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal chromatography is a powerful tool which uses multiple modes of interaction, such as charge and hydrophobicity, to purify protein-based therapeutics. In this work, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of a series of multimodal cation-exchange ligands immobilized on a hydrophilic self-assembled monolayer surface at the commercially relevant surface density (1 ligand/nm2). We found that ligands that were flexible and terminated in a hydrophobic group had a propensity to aggregate on the surface, while less flexible ligands containing a hydrophobic group closer to the surface did not aggregate. For aggregating ligands, this resulted in the formation of a surface pattern that contained relatively large patches of hydrophobicity and charge whose sizes exceeded the length scale of the individual ligands. On the other hand, lowering the surface density to 1 ligand/3 nm2 reduced or eliminated this aggregation behavior. In addition, the introduction of a flexible linker (corresponding to the commercially available ligand) enhanced cluster formation and allowed aggregation to occur at lower surface densities. Further, the use of flexible linkers enabled hydrophobic groups to collapse to the surface, reducing their accessibility. Finally, we developed an approach for quantifying differences in the observed surface patterns by calculating distributions of the patch size and patch length. This clustering phenomenon is likely to play a key role in governing protein-surface interactions in multimodal chromatography. This new understanding of multimodal surfaces has important implications for developing improved predictive models and designing new classes of multimodal separation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille L Bilodeau
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 Eighth Street , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Edmond Y Lau
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore , California 94550 , United States
| | - David Roush
- Biologics Process R&D , Merck & Co., Inc. , 2000 Galloping Hill Road , Kenilworth , New Jersey 07033 , United States
| | - Shekhar Garde
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 Eighth Street , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 Eighth Street , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
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48
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Lu Q, Jang HS, Han WJ, Lee JH, Choi HJ. Stimuli-Responsive Graphene Oxide-Polymer Nanocomposites. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-019-7176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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49
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Yadav HOS, Kuo AT, Urata S, Shinoda W. Effects of Packing Density and Chain Length on the Surface Hydrophobicity of Thin Films Composed of Perfluoroalkyl Acrylate Chains: A Molecular Dynamics Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14316-14323. [PMID: 31596100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A good understanding of the surface hydrophobicity of fluorinated materials is useful for their application as coating materials. The present study investigates the surface hydrophobicity of perfluoroalkyl acrylate (PFA) thin films using molecular dynamics simulations. Surface hydrophobicity is characterized by examining the contact angle of a water droplet on PFA surfaces and the cavity formation free energy in the vicinity of the surface. It is found that the calculated microscopic contact angles are in good agreement with the experimental results and partially capture the difference in the hydrophobicity of the surface arising from the variation of packing density and side chain length of PFA. The variations of cavity formation free energy in the vicinity of the surface elucidate that the surface hydrophobicity is mainly governed by the packing density rather than the chain length of PFA. The hydrophobicity generally increases with decreasing the packing density to some extent and then turns to decrease as further reducing the packing density. At higher packing density, the surface hydrophobicity slightly decreases with increasing the chain length, while at the lower packing density, the surface hydrophobicity is increased when chain length of PFA is longer than six carbons. Furthermore, we found that the influence of packing density on the surface hydrophobicity is directly related to the variation of the surface roughness and chain flexibility, that is, the surface hydrophobicity increases with increase in the surface roughness, while the chain flexibility plays a secondary role in the enhancement by affecting the stability of water staying near the interface. The study provides a significant insight into the local hydrophobicity and microscopic structure of the PFA surfaces, which would be useful for the application of surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari O S Yadav
- Department of Materials Chemistry , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan
| | - An-Tsung Kuo
- Innovative Technology Laboratories , AGC Inc. , Yokohama , Kanagawa 230-0045 , Japan
| | - Shingo Urata
- Innovative Technology Laboratories , AGC Inc. , Yokohama , Kanagawa 230-0045 , Japan
| | - Wataru Shinoda
- Department of Materials Chemistry , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan
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50
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Qian C, Ding B, Wu Z, Ding W, Huo F, He H, Wei N, Wang Y, Zhang X. Ultralow Thermal Resistance across the Solid–Ionic Liquid Interface Caused by the Charge-Induced Ordered Ionic Layer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b04480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bin Ding
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weilu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongyan He
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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