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Han Z, Zhang L, Li X, Li Y, Qu T, Yu X, Yu X, Ng J, Lin Z, Chen J. Pure optical twist with zero net torque. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:8484-8495. [PMID: 38439503 DOI: 10.1364/oe.518075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
In photonic systems, bilayer or multilayer systems exhibit numerous exciting phenomena induced by twisting. Thus, it is highly desired to explore the twisting effect by engineering the light-matter interactions. Optical torque, an important means in optical micromanipulation, can rotate micro-objects in various ways, enabling a wide range of promising applications. In this study, we present an interesting phenomenon called "pure optical twist" (POT), which emerges when a bilayer structure with specific symmetry is illuminated by counter-propagating lights with opposite spin and/or orbital angular momentum. Remarkably, this leads to zero net optical torque but yet possesses an interesting mechanical effect of bilayer system twisting. The crucial determinant of this phenomenon is the rotational symmetries of each layer, which govern the allowed azimuthal channels of the scattered wave. When the rotational symmetries do not allow these channels to overlap, no resultant torque is observed. Our work will encourage further exploration of the twisting effect through engineered light-matter interactions. This opens up the possibility of creating twisted bilayer systems using optical means, and constructing a stable bilayer optical motor that maintains identical rotation frequencies for both layers.
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2
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Yin LZ, Zhao J, Chong MZ, Han FY, Liu PK. Ultrathin All-Angle Hyperbolic Metasurface Retroreflectors Based on Directed Routing of Canalized Plasmonics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21605-21612. [PMID: 35476411 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Retroreflectors that can accurately redirect the incident waves in free space back along their original channels provide unprecedented opportunities for light manipulation. However, to the best of our knowledge, they suffer from either the bulky size, narrow angular bandwidths, or time-consuming postprocessing, which essentially limits their further applications. Here, a scheme for designing ultrathin all-angle real-time retroreflectors based on hyperbolic plasmonic metasurfaces is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The physical mechanism underlying the scheme is the orthogonality between the traveling waves in free space and the canalized spoof surface plasmon on the hyperbolic plasmonic metasurfaces, which guarantee their high-efficiency and all-angle mutual conversion. In this case, the strong confinement characteristic that benefited from the enhanced light-matter interaction enables us to route and retroreflect the canalized spoof surface plasmon with extremely thin structures. As proof of the scheme, a retroreflector prototype with a thickness approximately equal to the central wavelength is designed and fabricated. Further experimental investigation obtains a half-power field of view up to 53° and a maximum efficiency of 83.2%. This scheme can find promising applications in target detection, remote sensing, and diverse on-chip light control devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feng-Yuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pu-Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Zhu L, Zhou W, Dong L, Guan C, Shang G, Ding X, Burokur SN, Wu Q. Meta-hologram enabled by a double-face copper-cladded metasurface based on reflection-transmission amplitude coding. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:174-177. [PMID: 34951910 DOI: 10.1364/ol.442464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, we propose a double-face copper-cladded meta-hologram that can efficiently manipulate the amplitude of electromagnetic waves in both transmission and reflection spaces, depending on the polarization state of the incident electromagnetic wave. The proposed meta-hologram is validated by encoding the transmission-reflection amplitude information of two independent images into a single metasurface. The holographic images obtained from measurements agree qualitatively with simulation results. The proposed metasurface presents a novel, to the best of our knowledge, scheme for electromagnetic wavefront control in the whole space and overcomes the limitations of narrow frequency band operation.
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4
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Liu M, Zhu W, Huo P, Feng L, Song M, Zhang C, Chen L, Lezec HJ, Lu Y, Agrawal A, Xu T. Multifunctional metasurfaces enabled by simultaneous and independent control of phase and amplitude for orthogonal polarization states. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:107. [PMID: 34035215 PMCID: PMC8149653 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Monochromatic light can be characterized by its three fundamental properties: amplitude, phase, and polarization. In this work, we propose a versatile, transmission-mode all-dielectric metasurface platform that can independently manipulate the phase and amplitude for two orthogonal states of polarization in the visible frequency range. For proof-of-concept experimental demonstration, various single-layer metasurfaces composed of subwavelength-spaced titanium-dioxide nanopillars are designed, fabricated, and characterized to exhibit the ability of polarization-switchable multidimensional light-field manipulation, including polarization-switchable grayscale nanoprinting, nonuniform cylindrical lensing, and complex-amplitude holography. We envision the metasurface platform demonstrated here to open new possibilities toward creating compact multifunctional optical devices for applications in polarization optics, information encoding, optical data storage, and security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqi Zhu
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20877, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20877, USA
| | - Pengcheng Huo
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Feng
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Maowen Song
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20877, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20877, USA
| | - Henri J Lezec
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20877, USA
| | - Yanqing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China.
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20877, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20877, USA
| | - Ting Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Deng ZL, Ye X, Qiu HY, Tu QA, Shi T, Zhuang ZP, Cao Y, Guan BO, Feng N, Wang GP, Kapitanova P, Alù A, Dong JW, Li X. Full-visible transmissive metagratings with large angle/wavelength/polarization tolerance. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20604-20609. [PMID: 33048100 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05745b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metagratings have been shown to form an agile and efficient platform for extreme wavefront manipulation, going beyond the limitations of gradient metasurfaces. Here, we present all-dielectric transmissive metagratings with high diffraction efficiencies using simple rectangular inclusions with neither high index nor high aspect ratio requirement. We further experimentally demonstrate continuous phase encoding of a hologram based on such transmissive metagratings through displacement modulation of CMOS-compatible silicon nitride nanobars in the full visible range, manifesting broadband and wide-angle high diffraction efficiencies for both polarizations. Featured with extreme angle/wavelength/polarization tolerance and alleviated structural complexity for both design and fabrication, our demonstration unlocks the full potential of metagrating-based wavefront manipulation for a variety of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lan Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xuan Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hao-Yang Qiu
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Qing-An Tu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Tan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ze-Peng Zhuang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yaoyu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Naixing Feng
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guo Ping Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Polina Kapitanova
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Jian-Wen Dong
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Xiangping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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6
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Wang Q, Zhou L, Wan P, Huang D, Guo H, Ren Y, Cao X, Du J. Retroreflection from a single layer of electromagnetic Helmholtz cavities based on magnetic symmetric dipole modes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:30606-30615. [PMID: 33115058 DOI: 10.1364/oe.402675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new electromagnetic mode which is formed by the dynamic interaction between a magnetic quadrupole mode and an electric monopole mode in a two-dimensional electromagnetic Helmholtz cavity. It is termed a magnetic symmetric dipole mode since it shares similarity with a magnetic dipole mode in the sense that their radiation is both overwhelmingly dominant in the forward and backward directions with respect to the incident wave. However, the phase distribution in the two radiation directions is symmetric, in stark contrast to the antisymmetry of magnetic dipole modes. When the Helmholtz cavities are arranged in a line, the incident wave will be reflected back to the source, in other words, retroreflection occurs because of the peculiar properties of magnetic symmetric dipole modes. We show that the retroreflection is quite robust against the disorder of the orientation angle of Helmholtz cavities and there exists a wide tolerance for wavelength and the outer radius of the cavity. With low fabrication demands, this might offer a feasible solution for the design of ultrathin retroreflectors towards device miniaturization and the realization of multiplexing holography.
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7
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López-Ortega A, Zapata-Herrera M, Maccaferri N, Pancaldi M, Garcia M, Chuvilin A, Vavassori P. Enhanced magnetic modulation of light polarization exploiting hybridization with multipolar dark plasmons in magnetoplasmonic nanocavities. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:49. [PMID: 32257180 PMCID: PMC7105458 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing magneto-optical effects is crucial for reducing the size of key photonic devices based on the non-reciprocal propagation of light and to enable active nanophotonics. Here, we disclose a currently unexplored approach that exploits hybridization with multipolar dark modes in specially designed magnetoplasmonic nanocavities to achieve a large enhancement of the magneto-optically induced modulation of light polarization. The broken geometrical symmetry of the design enables coupling with free-space light and hybridization of the multipolar dark modes of a plasmonic ring nanoresonator with the dipolar localized plasmon resonance of the ferromagnetic disk placed inside the ring. This hybridization results in a low-radiant multipolar Fano resonance that drives a strongly enhanced magneto-optically induced localized plasmon. The large amplification of the magneto-optical response of the nanocavity is the result of the large magneto-optically induced change in light polarization produced by the strongly enhanced radiant magneto-optical dipole, which is achieved by avoiding the simultaneous enhancement of re-emitted light with incident polarization by the multipolar Fano resonance. The partial compensation of the magneto-optically induced polarization change caused by the large re-emission of light with the original polarization is a critical limitation of the magnetoplasmonic designs explored thus far and that is overcome by the approach proposed here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolò Maccaferri
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Matteo Pancaldi
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikel Garcia
- CIC nanoGUNE - BRTA, Donostia–San Sebastian, Donostia, 20018 Spain
| | - Andrey Chuvilin
- CIC nanoGUNE - BRTA, Donostia–San Sebastian, Donostia, 20018 Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013 Spain
| | - Paolo Vavassori
- CIC nanoGUNE - BRTA, Donostia–San Sebastian, Donostia, 20018 Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013 Spain
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8
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Guo B, Jiang L, Hua Y, Zhan N, Jia J, Chu K, Lu Y. Beam Manipulation Mechanisms of Dielectric Metasurfaces. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:7467-7473. [PMID: 31459843 PMCID: PMC6648011 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric metasurfaces can achieve flexible beam manipulations. Herein, we study dielectric metasurfaces with different refractive indices, periods, incident angles, and cross-sectional shapes to determine the metasurface working mechanisms. Perfect transmission mainly depends on multipolar interference that can be used to control the transmission modes through the hybrid periods, hybrid cross sections, and multilayers. Perfect reflection is strongly influenced by the period of the metasurface and occurs only when the period is shorter than incident wavelength, which can be attributed to the lattice coupling. Furthermore, lattice coupling can be classified into two types with distinct properties: vertical mode and horizontal mode coupling. The vertical mode appears when the effective wavelength matches the feature size, whereas the horizontal mode only appears when the incident wavelength is close to the period. The horizontal mode is sensitive to the incident angle. The revealed functioning mechanisms enable further practical applications of metasurfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshan Guo
- Laser
Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | - Yanhong Hua
- Laser
Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ningwei Zhan
- Laser
Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingang Jia
- Laser
Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kunpeng Chu
- Laser
Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - YongFeng Lu
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0511, United States
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9
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Liu W, Kivshar YS. Generalized Kerker effects in nanophotonics and meta-optics [Invited]. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:13085-13105. [PMID: 29801341 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.013085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The original Kerker effect was introduced for a hypothetical magnetic sphere, and initially it did not attract much attention due to a lack of magnetic materials required. Rejuvenated by the recent explosive development of the field of metamaterials and especially its core concept of optically-induced artificial magnetism, the Kerker effect has gained an unprecedented impetus and rapidly pervaded different branches of nanophotonics. At the same time, the concept behind the effect itself has also been significantly expanded and generalized. Here we review the physics and various manifestations of the generalized Kerker effects, including the progress in the emerging field of meta-optics that focuses on interferences of electromagnetic multipoles of different orders and origins. We discuss not only the scattering by individual particles and particle clusters, but also the manipulation of reflection, transmission, diffraction, and absorption for metalattices and metasurfaces, revealing how various optical phenomena observed recently are all ubiquitously related to the Kerker's concept.
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10
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Tang Y, Cao X, Guo R, Zhang Y, Che Z, Yannick FT, Zhang W, Du J. Flat-Lens Focusing of Electron Beams in Graphene. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33522. [PMID: 27628099 PMCID: PMC5024160 DOI: 10.1038/srep33522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupling electron beams carrying information into electronic units is fundamental in microelectronics. This requires precision manipulation of electron beams through a coupler with a good focusing ability. In graphene, the focusing of wide electron beams has been successfully demonstrated by a circular p-n junction. However, it is not favorable for information coupling since the focal length is so small that the focal spot locates inside the circular gated region, rather than in the background region. Here, we demonstrate that an array of gate-defined quantum dots, which has gradually changing lattice spacing in the direction transverse to propagation, can focus electrons outside itself, providing a possibility to make a coupler in graphene. The focusing effect can be understood as due to the gradient change of effective refractive indices, which are defined by the local energy band in a periodic potential. The strong focusing can be achieved by suitably choosing the lattice gradient and the layer number in the incident direction, offering an effective solution to precision manipulation of electron beams with wide electron energy range and high angular tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiyuan Cao
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhiyuan Che
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fouodji T Yannick
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Junjie Du
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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11
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Wu A, Li H, Du J, Ni X, Ye Z, Wang Y, Sheng Z, Zou S, Gan F, Zhang X, Wang X. Experimental demonstration of in-plane negative-angle refraction with an array of silicon nanoposts. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:2055-2060. [PMID: 25664591 DOI: 10.1021/nl5049516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Controlling an optical beam is fundamental in optics. Recently, unique manipulation of optical wavefronts has been successfully demonstrated by metasurfaces. However, these artificially engineered nanostructures have thus far been limited to operate on light beams propagating out-of-plane. The in-plane operation is critical for on-chip photonic applications. Here, we demonstrate an anomalous negative-angle refraction of a light beam propagating along the plane, by designing a thin dielectric array of silicon nanoposts. The circularly polarized dipoles induced by the high-permittivity nanoposts at the scattering resonance significantly shape the wavefront of the light beam and bend it anomalously. The unique capability of a thin line of the nanoposts for manipulating in-plane wavefronts makes the device extremely compact. The low loss all-dielectric structure is compatible with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technologies, offering an effective solution for in-plane beam steering and routing for on-chip photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050, China
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12
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Chui ST, Lin Z. Entangled transverse optical vortex. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:5732-5735. [PMID: 25360971 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.005732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We discuss a new kind of optical vortex with the angular momentum perpendicular to the flow direction and entangled in that it is a coherent combination of different orbital angular momentum states of the same sign. This entangled state exhibits many unexpected physical properties. The transverse optical vortex can be generated from the reflection of an electromagnetic wave off an array of ferrite rods. Its vorticity can be reversed by switching the direction of the magnetization of the rods, which usually takes only a nanosecond.
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13
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Guo TJ, Li TF, Yang M, Cui HX, Guo QH, Cao XW, Chen J. Nonreciprocal optical diffraction by a single layer of gyromagnetic cylinders. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:537-546. [PMID: 24515014 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the diffraction of optical waves by a single layer of gyromagnetic cylinders. We show that a nonvanishing rotating dipole momentum is excited in a single gyromagnetic cylinder because of the classic analog of the Zeeman effect on photonic angular momentum states (PAMSs). Consequently, different collective dipole modes are excited in a gyromagnetic cylinder array at opposite incident angles. Nonreciprocal optical diffraction effects can be observed, where the transmission and reflection coefficients depend on the sign of the incident angle. A novel phenomenon of nonreciprocal negative directional transmission is demonstrated and numerically analyzed. This work highlights the potential of PAMSs in manipulating the propagation of optical waves for various applications.
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14
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Yang M, Li TF, Sheng QW, Guo TJ, Guo QH, Cui HX, Chen J. Manipulation of dark photonic angular momentum states via magneto-optical effect for tunable slow-light performance. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:25035-25044. [PMID: 24150346 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.025035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel scheme in realizing tunable slow-light performance by manipulating dark photonic angular momentum states (PAMSs) in metamaterials via the magneto-optical effect. We show that by applying a static magnetic field B, some pairs of sharp transmission dips can be observed in the background transparency window of a complex metamaterial design. Each pair of transmission dips are related to the excitation of dark PAMSs with opposite topological charges -m and +m, with a lifted degeneracy due to the classic analogue of Zeeman effect. Nonreciprocal characteristics can be observed in the distributions of field amplitude and transverse energy flux. The performance of slow light, including the group index ng, its abnormal feature, the associated strong absorption and the dependence with B are also discussed.
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15
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Chui ST, Liu S, Lin Z. Multiple flat photonic bands with finite Chern numbers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:031201. [PMID: 24125207 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.031201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We show both analytically and numerically that there is an infinite number of flat bands with different Chern numbers in a two-dimensional magnetic photonic crystal at nearly the same frequency determined by the condition that the effective magnetic permeability μ_{eff}≈-1. This opens the door to explore the physics involving higher order topological invariants in this system. The frequency of these states can be flexibly tuned by an external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Chui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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16
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Du J, Lin Z, Chui ST, Dong G, Zhang W. Nearly total omnidirectional reflection by a single layer of nanorods. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:163902. [PMID: 23679606 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.163902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that a single-layer array of high electric permittivity (high-ε) rods with a radius smaller than λ/10 is capable of reflecting more than 97% of the energy of optical waves with an arbitrary incident angle. Here, λ is the incident wavelength. The occurrence of the phenomenon depends on the construction of two particular grating modes (GMs) in the array which result in two corresponding transmitted wave components that cancel each other. The construction of the dominant GMs in the array benefits from the highly independent manipulability of the angular momenta components with opposite signs in high-ε particles. The effect offers the possibility to improve the optical elements integration level in on-chip optical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Du
- Quantum Institute for Light and Atoms, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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17
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Es'kin VA, Kudrin AV, Zaboronkova TM, Krafft C. Multiple scattering of electromagnetic waves by an array of parallel gyrotropic rods. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:067601. [PMID: 23368086 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.067601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We study multiple scattering of electromagnetic waves by an array of parallel gyrotropic circular rods and show that such an array can exhibit fairly unusual scattering properties and provide, under certain conditions, a giant enhancement of the scattered field. Among the scattering patterns of such an array at its resonant frequencies, the most interesting is the distribution of the total field in the form of a perfect self-similar structure of chessboard type. The scattering characteristics of the array are found to be essentially determined by the resonant properties of its gyrotropic elements and cannot be realized for arrays of nongyrotropic rods. It is expected that the results obtained can lead to a wide variety of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Es'kin
- Department of Radiophysics, University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia.
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Du J, Liu S, Lin Z. Broadband optical cloak and illusion created by the low order active sources. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:8608-8617. [PMID: 22513570 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.008608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In present work, we demonstrate an optical cloak and illusion by appropriate design of a cluster of active sources. As pointed out by Vasquez and coworkers, the merit of such proposal with active controls is to overcome the drawback of narrow operating frequency and intrinsic loss inherent in the cloaking device made of metamaterials. Accordingly, the illusion device designed thuswise has a broadband operating frequency. By use of the rigorous multiple scattering theory, we have performed the simulations. It is shown that the active illusion device can be used as an beam rotator. In particular, we have shown that the active sources can even be reduced to dipole ones, which is expected to enable much easier experimental implementation of the cloaking and illusion effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Du
- Institute of Information Optics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
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