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Sun F, Qu Q, Li H, Jiang S, Liu Q, Ben S, Pei Y, Liang J, Wang J, Song S, Gao J, Yang W, Xu H, Wu J. All-optical steering on the proton emission in laser-induced nanoplasmas. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5150. [PMID: 38886387 PMCID: PMC11183200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoplasmas induced by intense laser fields have attracted enormous attention due to their accompanied spectacular physical phenomena which are vigorously expected by the community of science and industry. For instance, the energetic electrons and ions produced in laser-driven nanoplasmas are significant for the development of compact beam sources. Nevertheless, effective confinement on the propagating charged particles, which was realized through magnetic field modulation and target structure design in big facilities, are largely absent in the microscopic regime. Here we introduce a reliable scheme to provide control on the emission direction of protons generated from surface ionization in gold nanoparticles driven by intense femtosecond laser fields. The ionization level of the nanosystem provides us a knob to manipulate the characteristics of the collective proton emission. The most probable emission direction can be precisely steered by tuning the excitation strength of the laser pulses. This work opens new avenue for controlling the ion emission in nanoplasmas and can vigorously promote the fields such as development of on-chip beam sources at micro-/nano-scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Qiwen Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Shicheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Qingcao Liu
- College of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Shuai Ben
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yu Pei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiaying Liang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shanshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, 401121, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
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2
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Bacellar C, Chatterley AS, Lackner F, Pemmaraju CD, Tanyag RMP, Verma D, Bernando C, O'Connell SMO, Bucher M, Ferguson KR, Gorkhover T, Coffee RN, Coslovich G, Ray D, Osipov T, Neumark DM, Bostedt C, Vilesov AF, Gessner O. Anisotropic Surface Broadening and Core Depletion during the Evolution of a Strong-Field Induced Nanoplasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:073201. [PMID: 36018694 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.073201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Strong-field ionization of nanoscale clusters provides excellent opportunities to study the complex correlated electronic and nuclear dynamics of near-solid density plasmas. Yet, monitoring ultrafast, nanoscopic dynamics in real-time is challenging, which often complicates a direct comparison between theory and experiment. Here, near-infrared laser-induced plasma dynamics in ∼600 nm diameter helium droplets are studied by femtosecond time-resolved x-ray coherent diffractive imaging. An anisotropic, ∼20 nm wide surface region, defined as the range where the density lies between 10% and 90% of the core value, is established within ∼100 fs, in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. At longer timescales, however, the width of this region remains largely constant while the radius of the dense plasma core shrinks at average rates of ≈71 nm/ps along and ≈33 nm/ps perpendicular to the laser polarization. These dynamics are not captured by previous plasma expansion models. The observations are phenomenologically described within a numerical simulation; details of the underlying physics, however, remain to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Bacellar
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Adam S Chatterley
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Florian Lackner
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C D Pemmaraju
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Rico Mayro P Tanyag
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Deepak Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Charles Bernando
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Sean M O O'Connell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Maximilian Bucher
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue B109, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ken R Ferguson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Tais Gorkhover
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ryan N Coffee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Giacomo Coslovich
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dipanwita Ray
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Timur Osipov
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue B109, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Andrey F Vilesov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Oliver Gessner
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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3
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LaForge AC, Son SK, Mishra D, Ilchen M, Duncanson S, Eronen E, Kukk E, Wirok-Stoletow S, Kolbasova D, Walter P, Boll R, De Fanis A, Meyer M, Ovcharenko Y, Rivas DE, Schmidt P, Usenko S, Santra R, Berrah N. Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization in the X-Ray Regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:213202. [PMID: 34860076 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.213202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on the nonlinear ionization of argon atoms in the short wavelength regime using ultraintense x rays from the European XFEL. After sequential multiphoton ionization, high charge states are obtained. For photon energies that are insufficient to directly ionize a 1s electron, a different mechanism is required to obtain ionization to Ar^{17+}. We propose this occurs through a two-color process where the second harmonic of the FEL pulse resonantly excites the system via a 1s→2p transition followed by ionization by the fundamental FEL pulse, which is a type of x-ray resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI). This resonant phenomenon occurs not only for Ar^{16+}, but also through lower charge states, where multiple ionization competes with decay lifetimes, making x-ray REMPI distinctive from conventional REMPI. With the aid of state-of-the-art theoretical calculations, we explain the effects of x-ray REMPI on the relevant ion yields and spectral profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C LaForge
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Debadarshini Mishra
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Stephen Duncanson
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Eemeli Eronen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Edwin Kukk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Stanislaw Wirok-Stoletow
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daria Kolbasova
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Walter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nora Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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4
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You D, Fukuzawa H, Luo Y, Saito S, Berholts M, Gaumnitz T, Huttula M, Johnsson P, Kishimoto N, Myllynen H, Nemer A, Niozu A, Patanen M, Pelimanni E, Takanashi T, Wada SI, Yokono N, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Nagaya K, Kukk E, Ueda K. Multi-particle momentum correlations extracted using covariance methods on multiple-ionization of diiodomethane molecules by soft-X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2648-2659. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03638e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correlations between the ion momenta are extracted by covariance methods formulated for the use in multiparticle momentum-resolved ion time-of-flight spectroscopy.
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5
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Kumagai Y, Jurek Z, Xu W, Fukuzawa H, Motomura K, Iablonskyi D, Nagaya K, Wada SI, Mondal S, Tachibana T, Ito Y, Sakai T, Matsunami K, Nishiyama T, Umemoto T, Nicolas C, Miron C, Togashi T, Ogawa K, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Son SK, Ziaja B, Santra R, Ueda K. Radiation-Induced Chemical Dynamics in Ar Clusters Exposed to Strong X-Ray Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:223201. [PMID: 29906148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.223201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We show that electron and ion spectroscopy reveals the details of the oligomer formation in Ar clusters exposed to an x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) pulse, i.e., chemical dynamics triggered by x rays. With guidance from a dedicated molecular dynamics simulation tool, we find that van der Waals bonding, the oligomer formation mechanism, and charge transfer among the cluster constituents significantly affect ionization dynamics induced by an XFEL pulse of moderate fluence. Our results clearly demonstrate that XFEL pulses can be used not only to "damage and destroy" molecular assemblies but also to modify and transform their molecular structure. The accuracy of the predictions obtained makes it possible to apply the cluster spectroscopy, in connection with the respective simulations, for estimation of the XFEL pulse fluence in the fluence regime below single-atom multiple-photon absorption, which is hardly accessible with other diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Zoltan Jurek
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Weiqing Xu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hironobu Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Koji Motomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Denys Iablonskyi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Nagaya
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Wada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Subhendu Mondal
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tachibana
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yuta Ito
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sakai
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsunami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Takayuki Umemoto
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Christophe Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, FR-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Catalin Miron
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, FR-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physiscs (ELI-NP), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Mǎgurele, Jud. Ilfov, Romania
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Tadashi Togashi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kanade Ogawa
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | | | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Beata Ziaja
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAS, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22671 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
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6
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Osipov T, Bostedt C, Castagna JC, Ferguson KR, Bucher M, Montero SC, Swiggers ML, Obaid R, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Bozek JD, Berrah N. The LAMP instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:035112. [PMID: 29604777 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Laser Applications in Materials Processing (LAMP) instrument is a new end-station for soft X-ray imaging, high-field physics, and ultrafast X-ray science experiments that is available to users at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) free-electron laser. While the instrument resides in the Atomic, Molecular and Optical science hutch, its components can be used at any LCLS beamline. The end-station has a modular design that provides high flexibility in order to meet user-defined experimental requirements and specifications. The ultra-high-vacuum environment supports different sample delivery systems, including pulsed and continuous atomic, molecular, and cluster jets; liquid and aerosols jets; and effusive metal vapor beams. It also houses movable, large-format, high-speed pnCCD X-ray detectors for detecting scattered and fluorescent photons. Multiple charged-particle spectrometer options are compatible with the LAMP chamber, including a double-sided spectrometer for simultaneous and even coincident measurements of electrons, ions, and photons produced by the interaction of the high-intensity X-ray beam with the various samples. Here we describe the design and capabilities of the spectrometers along with some general aspects of the LAMP chamber and show some results from the initial instrument commissioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Osipov
- Physics Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J-C Castagna
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ken R Ferguson
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Maximilian Bucher
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sebastian C Montero
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Michele L Swiggers
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Razib Obaid
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Daniel Rolles
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Artem Rudenko
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - John D Bozek
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Nora Berrah
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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7
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Diaw A, Murillo MS. A viscous quantum hydrodynamics model based on dynamic density functional theory. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15352. [PMID: 29127308 PMCID: PMC5681597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic density functional theory (DDFT) is emerging as a useful theoretical technique for modeling the dynamics of correlated systems. We extend DDFT to quantum systems for application to dense plasmas through a quantum hydrodynamics (QHD) approach. The DDFT-based QHD approach includes correlations in the the equation of state self-consistently, satisfies sum rules and includes irreversibility arising from collisions. While QHD can be used generally to model non-equilibrium, heterogeneous plasmas, we employ the DDFT-QHD framework to generate a model for the electronic dynamic structure factor, which offers an avenue for measuring hydrodynamic properties, such as transport coefficients via x-ray Thomson scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdourahmane Diaw
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan, 48823, USA.
| | - Michael S Murillo
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan, 48823, USA
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8
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Seddon EA, Clarke JA, Dunning DJ, Masciovecchio C, Milne CJ, Parmigiani F, Rugg D, Spence JCH, Thompson NR, Ueda K, Vinko SM, Wark JS, Wurth W. Short-wavelength free-electron laser sources and science: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:115901. [PMID: 29059048 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa7cca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the qualities of the radiation they produce, the challenges of transmitting that radiation to end users and the diversity of current scientific applications. Initial consideration is given to FEL theory in order to provide the foundation for discussion of FEL output properties and the technical challenges of short-wavelength FELs. This is followed by an overview of existing x-ray FEL facilities, future facilities and FEL frontiers. To provide a context for information in the above sections, a detailed comparison of the photon pulse characteristics of FEL sources with those of other sources of high brightness x-rays is made. A brief summary of FEL beamline design and photon diagnostics then precedes an overview of FEL scientific applications. Recent highlights are covered in sections on structural biology, atomic and molecular physics, photochemistry, non-linear spectroscopy, shock physics, solid density plasmas. A short industrial perspective is also included to emphasise potential in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Seddon
- ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom. The School of Physics and Astronomy and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom. The Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire, WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
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9
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Takanashi T, Nakamura K, Kukk E, Motomura K, Fukuzawa H, Nagaya K, Wada SI, Kumagai Y, Iablonskyi D, Ito Y, Sakakibara Y, You D, Nishiyama T, Asa K, Sato Y, Umemoto T, Kariyazono K, Ochiai K, Kanno M, Yamazaki K, Kooser K, Nicolas C, Miron C, Asavei T, Neagu L, Schöffler M, Kastirke G, Liu XJ, Rudenko A, Owada S, Katayama T, Togashi T, Tono K, Yabashi M, Kono H, Ueda K. Ultrafast Coulomb explosion of a diiodomethane molecule induced by an X-ray free-electron laser pulse. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:19707-19721. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01669g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Coulomb explosion mechanism of a CH2I2 molecule is rather different to that of CH3I. The kinetic energy of iodine ions is ∼3 times larger due to Coulomb repulsion of the two iodine ions, while that of carbon ions is almost the same for both, as indicated by the red arrows that represent kinetic energies of the atomic ions.
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10
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Coherence and resonance effects in the ultra-intense laser-induced ultrafast response of complex atoms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18529. [PMID: 26732822 PMCID: PMC4702093 DOI: 10.1038/srep18529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Both coherent pumping and energy relaxation play important roles in understanding physical processes of ultra-intense coherent light-matter interactions. Here, using a large-scale quantum master equation approach, we describe dynamical processes of practical open quantum systems driven by both coherent and stochastic interactions. As examples, two typical cases of light-matter interactions are studied. First, we investigate coherent dynamics of inner-shell electrons of a neon gas irradiated by a high-intensity X-ray laser along with vast number of decaying channels. In these single-photon dominated processes, we find that, due to coherence-induced Rabi oscillations and power broadening effects, the photon absorptions of a neon gas can be suppressed resulting in differences in ionization processes and final ion-stage distributions. Second, we take helium as an example of multiphoton and multichannel interference dominated electron dynamics, by investigating the transient absorption of an isolated attosecond pulse in the presence of a femtosecond infrared laser pulse.
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11
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Nanoplasma Formation by High Intensity Hard X-rays. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10977. [PMID: 26077863 PMCID: PMC4468420 DOI: 10.1038/srep10977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using electron spectroscopy, we have investigated nanoplasma formation from noble gas clusters exposed to high-intensity hard-x-ray pulses at ~5 keV. Our experiment was carried out at the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA) facility in Japan. Dedicated theoretical simulations were performed with the molecular dynamics tool XMDYN. We found that in this unprecedented wavelength regime nanoplasma formation is a highly indirect process. In the argon clusters investigated, nanoplasma is mainly formed through secondary electron cascading initiated by slow Auger electrons. Energy is distributed within the sample entirely through Auger processes and secondary electron cascading following photoabsorption, as in the hard x-ray regime there is no direct energy transfer from the field to the plasma. This plasma formation mechanism is specific to the hard-x-ray regime and may, thus, also be important for XFEL-based molecular imaging studies. In xenon clusters, photo- and Auger electrons contribute more significantly to the nanoplasma formation. Good agreement between experiment and simulations validates our modelling approach. This has wide-ranging implications for our ability to quantitatively predict the behavior of complex molecular systems irradiated by high-intensity hard x-rays.
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12
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Rackstraw DS, Ciricosta O, Vinko SM, Barbrel B, Burian T, Chalupský J, Cho BI, Chung HK, Dakovski GL, Engelhorn K, Hájková V, Heimann P, Holmes M, Juha L, Krzywinski J, Lee RW, Toleikis S, Turner JJ, Zastrau U, Wark JS. Saturable absorption of an x-ray free-electron-laser heated solid-density aluminum plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:015003. [PMID: 25615475 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-intensity x-ray pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser are used to heat and probe a solid-density aluminum sample. The photon-energy-dependent transmission of the heating beam is studied through the use of a photodiode. Saturable absorption is observed, with the resulting transmission differing significantly from the cold case, in good agreement with atomic-kinetics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Rackstraw
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - O Ciricosta
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - S M Vinko
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - B Barbrel
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Burian
- Institute of Physics ASCR, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - J Chalupský
- Institute of Physics ASCR, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - B I Cho
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea and Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - H-K Chung
- Atomic and Molecular Data Unit, Nuclear Data Section, IAEA, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - G L Dakovski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - K Engelhorn
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V Hájková
- Institute of Physics ASCR, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - P Heimann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Holmes
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L Juha
- Institute of Physics ASCR, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - J Krzywinski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Toleikis
- Deutsches-Elektronensynchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J J Turner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - U Zastrau
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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13
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Berrah N, Fang L, Osipov T, Jurek Z, Murphy BF, Santra R. Emerging photon technologies for probing ultrafast molecular dynamics. Faraday Discuss 2014; 171:471-85. [PMID: 25315839 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of physical and chemical changes at an atomic spatial scale and on the time scale of atomic motion is essential for a broad range of scientific fields. A new class of femtosecond, intense, short wavelength lasers, the free electron lasers, has opened up new opportunities to investigate dynamics in many areas of science. For chemical dynamics to advance however, a rigorous, quantitative understanding of dynamical effects due to intense X-ray exposure is also required. We illustrate this point by reporting here an experimental and theoretical investigation of the interaction of C(60) molecules with intense X-ray pulses, in the multiphoton regime. We also describe the potential of new available instrumentation and explore their potential impact in physical, chemical and biological sciences when they are coupled with emerging photon technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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14
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Murphy BF, Osipov T, Jurek Z, Fang L, Son SK, Mucke M, Eland JHD, Zhaunerchyk V, Feifel R, Avaldi L, Bolognesi P, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Grilj J, Guehr M, Frasinski LJ, Glownia J, Ha DT, Hoffmann K, Kukk E, McFarland BK, Miron C, Sistrunk E, Squibb RJ, Ueda K, Santra R, Berrah N. Femtosecond X-ray-induced explosion of C60 at extreme intensity. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4281. [PMID: 24969734 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding molecular femtosecond dynamics under intense X-ray exposure is critical to progress in biomolecular imaging and matter under extreme conditions. Imaging viruses and proteins at an atomic spatial scale and on the time scale of atomic motion requires rigorous, quantitative understanding of dynamical effects of intense X-ray exposure. Here we present an experimental and theoretical study of C60 molecules interacting with intense X-ray pulses from a free-electron laser, revealing the influence of processes not previously reported. Our work illustrates the successful use of classical mechanics to describe all moving particles in C60, an approach that scales well to larger systems, for example, biomolecules. Comparisons of the model with experimental data on C60 ion fragmentation show excellent agreement under a variety of laser conditions. The results indicate that this modelling is applicable for X-ray interactions with any extended system, even at higher X-ray dose rates expected with future light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Murphy
- 1] Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA [2]
| | - T Osipov
- 1] Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA [2]
| | - Z Jurek
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3]
| | - L Fang
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - S-K Son
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Mucke
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J H D Eland
- 1] Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Avaldi
- Instituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi, C.N.R., Rome 00133, Italy
| | - P Bolognesi
- Instituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi, C.N.R., Rome 00133, Italy
| | - C Bostedt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J D Bozek
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Grilj
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Guehr
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L J Frasinski
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J Glownia
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D T Ha
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - K Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - E Kukk
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - B K McFarland
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Miron
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Sistrunk
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R J Squibb
- 1] Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - K Ueda
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - R Santra
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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15
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Schütte B, Campi F, Arbeiter M, Fennel T, Vrakking MJJ, Rouzée A. Tracing electron-ion recombination in nanoplasmas produced by extreme-ultraviolet irradiation of rare-gas clusters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:253401. [PMID: 25014813 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.253401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate electron-ion recombination in nanoplasmas produced by the ionization of rare-gas clusters with intense femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses. The relaxation dynamics following XUV irradiation is studied using time-delayed 790-nm pulses, revealing the generation of a large number of excited atoms resulting from electron-ion recombination. In medium-sized Ar-Xe clusters, these atoms are preferentially created in the Xe core within 10 ps after the cluster ionization. The ionization of excited atoms serves as a sensitive probe for monitoring the cluster expansion dynamics up to the ns time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schütte
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2 A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Campi
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Arbeiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Th Fennel
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M J J Vrakking
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2 A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Rouzée
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2 A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Schroedter L, Müller M, Kickermann A, Przystawik A, Toleikis S, Adolph M, Flückiger L, Gorkhover T, Nösel L, Krikunova M, Oelze T, Ovcharenko Y, Rupp D, Sauppe M, Wolter D, Schorb S, Bostedt C, Möller T, Laarmann T. Hidden charge states in soft-x-ray laser-produced nanoplasmas revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:183401. [PMID: 24856695 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.183401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Highly charged ions are formed in the center of composite clusters by strong free-electron laser pulses and they emit fluorescence on a femtosecond time scale before competing recombination leads to neutralization of the nanoplasma core. In contrast to mass spectrometry that detects remnants of the interaction, fluorescence in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range provides fingerprints of transient states of high energy density matter. Spectra from clusters consisting of a xenon core and a surrounding argon shell show that a small fraction of the fluorescence signal comes from multiply charged xenon ions in the cluster core. Initially, these ions are as highly charged as the ions in the outer shells of pure xenon clusters with charge states up to at least 11+.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Schroedter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Müller
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Kickermann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Przystawik
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Toleikis
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Adolph
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Flückiger
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Gorkhover
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Nösel
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Krikunova
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Oelze
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Y Ovcharenko
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Rupp
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Sauppe
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Wolter
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Schorb
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Bostedt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 20450, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - T Möller
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Eugene-Wigner-Building EW 3-1, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Laarmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging CUI, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Schütte B, Arbeiter M, Fennel T, Vrakking MJJ, Rouzée A. Rare-gas clusters in intense extreme-ultraviolet pulses from a high-order harmonic source. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:073003. [PMID: 24579594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.073003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report evidence for two previously unidentified effects in the ionization of rare-gas clusters by intense extreme-ultraviolet pulses. First, electron spectra indicate multistep photoemission with increasing isotropy for larger clusters due to electron-atom collisions. Second, very slow (meV) electrons are interpreted as the first experimental evidence for Rydberg-like atomic state formation in the nanoplasma expansion. Only small fractions of Xe2+ ions were found, in sharp contrast to previous results recorded under comparable conditions [Murphy et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 203401 (2008).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schütte
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Arbeiter
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitäsplatz 3, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Th Fennel
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Universitäsplatz 3, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - M J J Vrakking
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Rouzée
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Hau-Riege SP. Nonequilibrium electron dynamics in materials driven by high-intensity x-ray pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 87:053102. [PMID: 23767638 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.053102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We calculated the evolution of the electron system in solid-density matter irradiated by high-intensity x-ray pulses between 2 and 8 keV using molecular dynamics. For pulses shorter than 40 fs, the kinetic energy distribution of the electrons is highly nonthermal during and right after the pulse, and a large fraction of the absorbed x-ray energy resides with the fast photoelectrons which equilibrate on the timescale of the pulse length. The average ionization and electron temperature of the bulk of the electrons are significantly lower than their equilibrium values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan P Hau-Riege
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
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19
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Dixit G, Santra R. Role of electron-electron interference in ultrafast time-resolved imaging of electronic wavepackets. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:134311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4798321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Saalmann U, Mikaberidze A, Rost JM. Spatial correlations in finite samples revealed by Coulomb explosion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:133401. [PMID: 23581317 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.133401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that fast removal of many electrons uncovers initial correlations of atoms in a finite sample through a pronounced peak in the kinetic-energy spectrum of the exploding ions. This maximum is the result of an intricate interplay between the composition of the system from discrete particles and its boundary. The formation of the peak can be described analytically, accounting for correlations beyond a mean-field reference model. It can be experimentally detected with short and intense light pulses from 4th-generation light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Saalmann
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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21
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Erk B, Rolles D, Foucar L, Rudek B, Epp SW, Cryle M, Bostedt C, Schorb S, Bozek J, Rouzee A, Hundertmark A, Marchenko T, Simon M, Filsinger F, Christensen L, De S, Trippel S, Küpper J, Stapelfeldt H, Wada S, Ueda K, Swiggers M, Messerschmidt M, Schröter CD, Moshammer R, Schlichting I, Ullrich J, Rudenko A. Ultrafast charge rearrangement and nuclear dynamics upon inner-shell multiple ionization of small polyatomic molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:053003. [PMID: 23414017 DOI: 10.1088/0953-4075/46/16/164031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ionization and fragmentation of methylselenol (CH(3)SeH) molecules by intense (>10(17) W/cm(2)) 5 fs x-ray pulses (ħω=2 keV) are studied by coincident ion momentum spectroscopy. We contrast the measured charge state distribution with data on atomic Kr, determine kinetic energies of resulting ionic fragments, and compare them to the outcome of a Coulomb explosion model. We find signatures of ultrafast charge redistribution from the inner-shell ionized Se atom to its molecular partners, and observe significant displacement of the atomic constituents in the course of multiple ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Erk
- Max Planck Advanced Study Group (ASG) at CFEL, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Gorkhover T, Adolph M, Rupp D, Schorb S, Epp SW, Erk B, Foucar L, Hartmann R, Kimmel N, Kühnel KU, Rolles D, Rudek B, Rudenko A, Andritschke R, Aquila A, Bozek JD, Coppola N, Erke T, Filsinger F, Gorke H, Graafsma H, Gumprecht L, Hauser G, Herrmann S, Hirsemann H, Hömke A, Holl P, Kaiser C, Krasniqi F, Meyer JH, Matysek M, Messerschmidt M, Miessner D, Nilsson B, Pietschner D, Potdevin G, Reich C, Schaller G, Schmidt C, Schopper F, Schröter CD, Schulz J, Soltau H, Weidenspointner G, Schlichting I, Strüder L, Ullrich J, Möller T, Bostedt C. Nanoplasma dynamics of single large xenon clusters irradiated with superintense x-ray pulses from the linac coherent light source free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:245005. [PMID: 23004284 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.245005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The plasma dynamics of single mesoscopic Xe particles irradiated with intense femtosecond x-ray pulses exceeding 10(16) W/cm2 from the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser are investigated. Simultaneous recording of diffraction patterns and ion spectra allows eliminating the influence of the laser focal volume intensity and particle size distribution. The data show that for clusters illuminated with intense x-ray pulses, highly charged ionization fragments in a narrow distribution are created and that the nanoplasma recombination is efficiently suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gorkhover
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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23
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Schorb S, Rupp D, Swiggers ML, Coffee RN, Messerschmidt M, Williams G, Bozek JD, Wada SI, Kornilov O, Möller T, Bostedt C. Size-dependent ultrafast ionization dynamics of nanoscale samples in intense femtosecond x-ray free-electron-laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:233401. [PMID: 23003953 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.233401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
All matter exposed to intense femtosecond x-ray pulses from the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser is strongly ionized on time scales competing with the inner-shell vacancy lifetimes. We show that for nanoscale objects the environment, i.e., nanoparticle size, is an important parameter for the time-dependent ionization dynamics. The Auger lifetimes of large Ar clusters are found to be increased compared to small clusters and isolated atoms, due to delocalization of the valence electrons in the x-ray-induced nanoplasma. As a consequence, large nanometer-sized samples absorb intense femtosecond x-ray pulses less efficiently than small ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schorb
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94309, USA
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