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Yard P, Jones AE, Paesani S, Maïnos A, Bulmer JFF, Laing A. On-Chip Quantum Information Processing with Distinguishable Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:150602. [PMID: 38682995 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.150602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Multiphoton interference is at the heart of photonic quantum technologies. Arrays of integrated cavities can support bright sources of single photons with high purity and small footprint, but the inevitable spectral distinguishability between photons generated from nonidentical cavities is an obstacle to scaling. In principle, this problem can be alleviated by measuring photons with high timing resolution, which erases spectral information through the time-energy uncertainty relation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that detection can be implemented with a temporal resolution sufficient to interfere photons detuned on the scales necessary for cavity-based integrated photon sources. By increasing the effective timing resolution of the system from 200 to 20 ps, we observe a 20% increase in the visibility of quantum interference between independent photons from integrated microring resonator sources that are detuned by 6.8 GHz. We go on to show how time-resolved detection of nonideal photons can be used to improve the fidelity of an entangling operation and to mitigate the reduction of computational complexity in boson sampling experiments. These results pave the way for photonic quantum information processing with many photon sources without the need for active alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Yard
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alex E Jones
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Paesani
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexandre Maïnos
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob F F Bulmer
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Laing
- Quantum Engineering and Technology Laboratories, School of Physics and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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2
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Arkhipov II, Miranowicz A, Minganti F, Özdemir ŞK, Nori F. Dynamically crossing diabolic points while encircling exceptional curves: A programmable symmetric-asymmetric multimode switch. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2076. [PMID: 37045822 PMCID: PMC10097868 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontrivial spectral properties of non-Hermitian systems can lead to intriguing effects with no counterparts in Hermitian systems. For instance, in a two-mode photonic system, by dynamically winding around an exceptional point (EP) a controlled asymmetric-symmetric mode switching can be realized. That is, the system can either end up in one of its eigenstates, regardless of the initial eigenmode, or it can switch between the two states on demand, by simply controlling the winding direction. However, for multimode systems with higher-order EPs or multiple low-order EPs, the situation can be more involved, and the ability to control asymmetric-symmetric mode switching can be impeded, due to the breakdown of adiabaticity. Here we demonstrate that this difficulty can be overcome by winding around exceptional curves by additionally crossing diabolic points. We consider a four-mode [Formula: see text]-symmetric bosonic system as a platform for experimental realization of such a multimode switch. Our work provides alternative routes for light manipulations in non-Hermitian photonic setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgen I Arkhipov
- Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of CAS, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Adam Miranowicz
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Fabrizio Minganti
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Şahin K Özdemir
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Materials Research Institute (MRI), The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Quantum Information Physics Theory Research Team, Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1040, USA.
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3
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Choi JR. Quadrature Squeezing and Geometric-Phase Oscillations in Nano-Optics. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071391. [PMID: 32708993 PMCID: PMC7407131 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The geometric phase, as well as the familiar dynamical phase, occurs in the evolution of a squeezed state in nano-optics as an extra phase. The outcome of the geometric phase in that state is somewhat intricate: its time behavior exhibits a combination of a linear increase and periodic oscillations. We focus in this work on the periodic oscillations of the geometric phase, which are novel and interesting. We confirm that such oscillations are due purely to the effects of squeezing in the quantum states, whereas the oscillation disappears when we remove the squeezing. As the degree of squeezing increases in q-quadrature, the amplitude of the geometric-phase oscillation becomes large. This implies that we can adjust the strength of such an oscillation by tuning the squeezing parameters. We also investigate geometric-phase oscillations for the case of a more general optical phenomenon where the squeezed state undergoes one-photon processes. It is shown that the geometric phase in this case exhibits additional intricate oscillations with small amplitudes, besides the principal oscillation. Such a sub-oscillation exhibits a beating-like behavior in time. The effects of geometric-phase oscillations are crucial in a wide range of wave interferences which are accompanied by rich physical phenomena such as Aharonov–Bohm oscillations, conductance fluctuations, antilocalizations, and nondissipative current flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ryeol Choi
- Department of Electrophysics, College of Convergence and Integrated Science, Kyonggi University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16227, Korea
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4
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Yang J, Qian C, Xie X, Peng K, Wu S, Song F, Sun S, Dang J, Yu Y, Shi S, He J, Steer MJ, Thayne IG, Li BB, Bo F, Xiao YF, Zuo Z, Jin K, Gu C, Xu X. Diabolical points in coupled active cavities with quantum emitters. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:6. [PMID: 31969981 PMCID: PMC6957493 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In single microdisks, embedded active emitters intrinsically affect the cavity modes of the microdisks, resulting in trivial symmetric backscattering and low controllability. Here we demonstrate macroscopic control of the backscattering direction by optimizing the cavity size. The signature of the positive and negative backscattering directions in each single microdisk is confirmed with two strongly coupled microdisks. Furthermore, diabolical points are achieved at the resonance of the two microdisks, which agrees well with theoretical calculations considering the backscattering directions. Diabolical points in active optical structures pave the way for an implementation of quantum information processing with geometric phase in quantum photonic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chenjiang Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xin Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Kai Peng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Shiyao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Feilong Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Sibai Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jianchen Dang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Shushu Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jiongji He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Matthew J. Steer
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT UK
| | - Iain G. Thayne
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT UK
| | - Bei-Bei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Fang Bo
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanchun Zuo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Kuijuan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808 Guangdong China
| | - Changzhi Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xiulai Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808 Guangdong China
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5
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Su ZE, Li Y, Rohde PP, Huang HL, Wang XL, Li L, Liu NL, Dowling JP, Lu CY, Pan JW. Multiphoton Interference in Quantum Fourier Transform Circuits and Applications to Quantum Metrology. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:080502. [PMID: 28952770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.080502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantum Fourier transforms (QFTs) have gained increased attention with the rise of quantum walks, boson sampling, and quantum metrology. Here, we present and demonstrate a general technique that simplifies the construction of QFT interferometers using both path and polarization modes. On that basis, we first observe the generalized Hong-Ou-Mandel effect with up to four photons. Furthermore, we directly exploit number-path entanglement generated in these QFT interferometers and demonstrate optical phase supersensitivities deterministically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-En Su
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Peter P Rohde
- Centre for Quantum Software & Information (QSI), Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - He-Liang Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xi-Lin Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Nai-Le Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jonathan P Dowling
- Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Chao-Yang Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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6
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Suppression law of quantum states in a 3D photonic fast Fourier transform chip. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10469. [PMID: 26843135 PMCID: PMC4742850 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of phenomena able to pinpoint quantum interference is attracting large interest. Indeed, a generalization of the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect valid for any number of photons and optical modes would represent an important leap ahead both from a fundamental perspective and for practical applications, such as certification of photonic quantum devices, whose computational speedup is expected to depend critically on multi-particle interference. Quantum distinctive features have been predicted for many particles injected into multimode interferometers implementing the Fourier transform over the optical modes. Here we develop a scalable approach for the implementation of the fast Fourier transform algorithm using three-dimensional photonic integrated interferometers, fabricated via femtosecond laser writing technique. We observe the suppression law for a large number of output states with four- and eight-mode optical circuits: the experimental results demonstrate genuine quantum interference between the injected photons, thus offering a powerful tool for diagnostic of photonic platforms. Computational speedup in photonic quantum devices depends on multi-particle interference, which must be certified through known benchmark algorithms. Here, to this end, the authors develop a scalable approach for the implementation of the fast Fourier transform algorithm in 3D photonic integrated interferometers.
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Carolan J, Harrold C, Sparrow C, Martin-Lopez E, Russell NJ, Silverstone JW, Shadbolt PJ, Matsuda N, Oguma M, Itoh M, Marshall GD, Thompson MG, Matthews JCF, Hashimoto T, O'Brien JL, Laing A. Universal linear optics. Science 2015; 349:711-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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