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Jin Z, Li S, Wang X, Liang F, Peng CZ. A co-simulation of superconducting qubit and control electronics for quantum computing. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:104707. [PMID: 37815424 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
As the number of qubits in quantum computing increases, the scalability of existing qubit circuit structures and control systems may become insufficient for large-scale expansion and high-fidelity control. To address this challenge, we propose a behavioral-level model of a superconducting qubit and its control electronics, followed by a co-simulation to evaluate their performance. In this paper, we present the modeling process, simulation procedure, and resulting design specifications for the qubit control system. Our co-simulation approach utilizes MATLAB and Simulink, enabling us to derive critical circuit design specifications, such as the required Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) resolution, which should be 8 bits or higher, to achieve high-fidelity control. By taking into account factors such as DAC sampling rates, integral and differential nonlinearities, and filter characteristics, we optimize the control system for efficient and accurate qubit manipulation. Our model and simulation approach offer a promising solution to the scalability challenges in quantum computing, providing valuable insights for the design of large-scale superconducting quantum computing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhong Jin
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Shanghai Branch, CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinzhe Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Futian Liang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Peng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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2
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Bao F, Deng H, Ding D, Gao R, Gao X, Huang C, Jiang X, Ku HS, Li Z, Ma X, Ni X, Qin J, Song Z, Sun H, Tang C, Wang T, Wu F, Xia T, Yu W, Zhang F, Zhang G, Zhang X, Zhou J, Zhu X, Shi Y, Chen J, Zhao HH, Deng C. Fluxonium: An Alternative Qubit Platform for High-Fidelity Operations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:010502. [PMID: 35841558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.010502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting qubits provide a promising path toward building large-scale quantum computers. The simple and robust transmon qubit has been the leading platform, achieving multiple milestones. However, fault-tolerant quantum computing calls for qubit operations at error rates significantly lower than those exhibited in the state of the art. Consequently, alternative superconducting qubits with better error protection have attracted increasing interest. Among them, fluxonium is a particularly promising candidate, featuring large anharmonicity and long coherence times. Here, we engineer a fluxonium-based quantum processor that integrates high qubit coherence, fast frequency tunability, and individual-qubit addressability for reset, readout, and gates. With simple and fast gate schemes, we achieve an average single-qubit gate fidelity of 99.97% and a two-qubit gate fidelity of up to 99.72%. This performance is comparable to the highest values reported in the literature of superconducting circuits. Thus our work, within the realm of superconducting qubits, reveals an alternative qubit platform that is competitive with the transmon system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Bao
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Deng
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Ding
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group USA, Bellevue, Washington, D.C. 98004, USA
| | - Ran Gao
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Gao
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group USA, Bellevue, Washington, D.C. 98004, USA
| | - Cupjin Huang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group USA, Bellevue, Washington, D.C. 98004, USA
| | - Xun Jiang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsiang-Sheng Ku
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisheng Li
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizheng Ma
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Ni
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Qin
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Song
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Hantao Sun
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchun Tang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Tenghui Wang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Xia
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Yu
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group USA, Bellevue, Washington, D.C. 98004, USA
| | - Gengyan Zhang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohang Zhang
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhu
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyun Shi
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group USA, Bellevue, Washington, D.C. 98004, USA
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group USA, Bellevue, Washington, D.C. 98004, USA
| | - Hui-Hai Zhao
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Deng
- Alibaba Quantum Laboratory, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
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3
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Jerger M, Kulikov A, Vasselin Z, Fedorov A. In Situ Characterization of Qubit Control Lines: A Qubit as a Vector Network Analyzer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:150501. [PMID: 31702287 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.150501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We propose and experimentally realize a technique to measure the transfer function of a control line in the frequency domain using a qubit as a vector network analyzer. Our method requires coupling the line under test to the longitudinal component of the Hamiltonian of the qubit and the ability to induce Rabi oscillations through simultaneous driving of the transverse component. The method can be used to increase the fidelity of entangling gates in a quantum processor. We have demonstrated that by characterizing the "flux" control line of a superconducting transmon qubit in the range from 1 to 450 MHz and using this characterization to improve the fidelity of an entangling cphase gate between two transmon qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Jerger
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Anatoly Kulikov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zénon Vasselin
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Arkady Fedorov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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4
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Blume-Kohout R, Gamble JK, Nielsen E, Rudinger K, Mizrahi J, Fortier K, Maunz P. Demonstration of qubit operations below a rigorous fault tolerance threshold with gate set tomography. Nat Commun 2017; 8:ncomms14485. [PMID: 28198466 PMCID: PMC5330857 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum information processors promise fast algorithms for problems inaccessible to classical computers. But since qubits are noisy and error-prone, they will depend on fault-tolerant quantum error correction (FTQEC) to compute reliably. Quantum error correction can protect against general noise if-and only if-the error in each physical qubit operation is smaller than a certain threshold. The threshold for general errors is quantified by their diamond norm. Until now, qubits have been assessed primarily by randomized benchmarking, which reports a different error rate that is not sensitive to all errors, and cannot be compared directly to diamond norm thresholds. Here we use gate set tomography to completely characterize operations on a trapped-Yb+-ion qubit and demonstrate with greater than 95% confidence that they satisfy a rigorous threshold for FTQEC (diamond norm ≤6.7 × 10-4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Blume-Kohout
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - John King Gamble
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Erik Nielsen
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Kenneth Rudinger
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Jonathan Mizrahi
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Kevin Fortier
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Peter Maunz
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
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5
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Feng G, Wallman JJ, Buonacorsi B, Cho FH, Park DK, Xin T, Lu D, Baugh J, Laflamme R. Estimating the Coherence of Noise in Quantum Control of a Solid-State Qubit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:260501. [PMID: 28059528 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.260501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To exploit a given physical system for quantum information processing, it is critical to understand the different types of noise affecting quantum control. Distinguishing coherent and incoherent errors is extremely useful as they can be reduced in different ways. Coherent errors are generally easier to reduce at the hardware level, e.g., by improving calibration, whereas some sources of incoherent errors, e.g., T_{2}^{*} processes, can be reduced by engineering robust pulses. In this work, we illustrate how purity benchmarking and randomized benchmarking can be used together to distinguish between coherent and incoherent errors and to quantify the reduction in both of them due to using optimal control pulses and accounting for the transfer function in an electron spin resonance system. We also prove that purity benchmarking provides bounds on the optimal fidelity and diamond norm that can be achieved by correcting the coherent errors through improving calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanru Feng
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joel J Wallman
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Brandon Buonacorsi
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Franklin H Cho
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Daniel K Park
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Natural Science Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejon 34141, South Korea
| | - Tao Xin
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dawei Lu
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jonathan Baugh
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Raymond Laflamme
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2J 2W9, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
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6
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Chen Z, Kelly J, Quintana C, Barends R, Campbell B, Chen Y, Chiaro B, Dunsworth A, Fowler AG, Lucero E, Jeffrey E, Megrant A, Mutus J, Neeley M, Neill C, O'Malley PJJ, Roushan P, Sank D, Vainsencher A, Wenner J, White TC, Korotkov AN, Martinis JM. Measuring and Suppressing Quantum State Leakage in a Superconducting Qubit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:020501. [PMID: 26824531 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Leakage errors occur when a quantum system leaves the two-level qubit subspace. Reducing these errors is critically important for quantum error correction to be viable. To quantify leakage errors, we use randomized benchmarking in conjunction with measurement of the leakage population. We characterize single qubit gates in a superconducting qubit, and by refining our use of derivative reduction by adiabatic gate pulse shaping along with detuning of the pulses, we obtain gate errors consistently below 10^{-3} and leakage rates at the 10^{-5} level. With the control optimized, we find that a significant portion of the remaining leakage is due to incoherent heating of the qubit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - Julian Kelly
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - Chris Quintana
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - R Barends
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - B Campbell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A Dunsworth
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A G Fowler
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
- Department of Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - J Mutus
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M Neeley
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - C Neill
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - P J J O'Malley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - P Roushan
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Vainsencher
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - J Wenner
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - T C White
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - John M Martinis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
- Google Inc., Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
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7
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Deng C, Orgiazzi JL, Shen F, Ashhab S, Lupascu A. Observation of Floquet States in a Strongly Driven Artificial Atom. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:133601. [PMID: 26451555 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.133601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present experiments on the driven dynamics of a two-level superconducting artificial atom. The driving strength reaches 4.78 GHz, significantly exceeding the transition frequency of 2.288 GHz. The observed dynamics is described in terms of quasienergies and quasienergy states, in agreement with Floquet theory. In addition, we observe the role of pulse shaping in the dynamics, as determined by nonadiabatic transitions between Floquet states, and we implement subnanosecond single-qubit operations. These results pave the way to quantum control using strong driving with applications in quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Deng
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Jean-Luc Orgiazzi
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Feiruo Shen
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Sahel Ashhab
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), HBKU, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adrian Lupascu
- Institute for Quantum Computing, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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8
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McKay DC, Naik R, Reinhold P, Bishop LS, Schuster DI. High-contrast qubit interactions using multimode cavity QED. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:080501. [PMID: 25768741 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.080501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new multimode cavity QED architecture for superconducting circuits that can be used to implement photonic memories, more efficient Purcell filters, and quantum simulations of photonic materials. We show that qubit interactions mediated by multimode cavities can have exponentially improved contrast for two qubit gates without sacrificing gate speed. Using two qubits coupled via a three-mode cavity system we spectroscopically observe multimode strong couplings up to 102 MHz and demonstrate suppressed interactions off resonance of 10 kHz when the qubits are ≈600 MHz detuned from the cavity resonance. We study Landau-Zener transitions in our multimode systems and demonstrate quasiadiabatic loading of single photons into the multimode cavity in 25 ns. We introduce an adiabatic gate protocol to realize a controlled-Z gate between the qubits in 95 ns and create a Bell state with 94.7% fidelity. This corresponds to an on/off ratio (gate contrast) of 1000.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C McKay
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Ravi Naik
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Philip Reinhold
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Lev S Bishop
- Condensed Matter Theory Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - David I Schuster
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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9
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Kelly J, Barends R, Campbell B, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Dunsworth A, Fowler AG, Hoi IC, Jeffrey E, Megrant A, Mutus J, Neill C, O'Malley PJJ, Quintana C, Roushan P, Sank D, Vainsencher A, Wenner J, White TC, Cleland AN, Martinis JM. Optimal quantum control using randomized benchmarking. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:240504. [PMID: 24996075 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.240504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a method for optimizing quantum control in experimental systems, using a subset of randomized benchmarking measurements to rapidly infer error. This is demonstrated to improve single- and two-qubit gates, minimize gate bleedthrough, where a gate mechanism can cause errors on subsequent gates, and identify control crosstalk in superconducting qubits. This method is able to correct parameters so that control errors no longer dominate and is suitable for automated and closed-loop optimization of experimental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kelly
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - R Barends
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - B Campbell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A Dunsworth
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A G Fowler
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA and Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - I-C Hoi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - J Mutus
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - C Neill
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - P J J O'Malley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - C Quintana
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - P Roushan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - D Sank
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A Vainsencher
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - J Wenner
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - T C White
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A N Cleland
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - John M Martinis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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10
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Jeffrey E, Sank D, Mutus JY, White TC, Kelly J, Barends R, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Dunsworth A, Megrant A, O'Malley PJJ, Neill C, Roushan P, Vainsencher A, Wenner J, Cleland AN, Martinis JM. Fast accurate state measurement with superconducting qubits. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:190504. [PMID: 24877923 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.190504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Faster and more accurate state measurement is required for progress in superconducting qubit experiments with greater numbers of qubits and advanced techniques such as feedback. We have designed a multiplexed measurement system with a bandpass filter that allows fast measurement without increasing environmental damping of the qubits. We use this to demonstrate simultaneous measurement of four qubits on a single superconducting integrated circuit, the fastest of which can be measured to 99.8% accuracy in 140 ns. This accuracy and speed is suitable for advanced multiqubit experiments including surface-code error correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Jeffrey
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - Daniel Sank
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - J Y Mutus
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - T C White
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - R Barends
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A Dunsworth
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - P J J O'Malley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - C Neill
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - P Roushan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A Vainsencher
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - J Wenner
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
| | - A N Cleland
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9530, USA
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Yan F, Gustavsson S, Bylander J, Jin X, Yoshihara F, Cory DG, Nakamura Y, Orlando TP, Oliver WD. Rotating-frame relaxation as a noise spectrum analyser of a superconducting qubit undergoing driven evolution. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2337. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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