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Pan S, Hu C, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Zhou L, Lu C, Lu P, Ni H, Wu J, He F. Rabi oscillations in a stretching molecule. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:35. [PMID: 36732490 PMCID: PMC9894931 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Rabi oscillation is an elementary laser-driven physical process in atoms and artificial atoms from solid-state systems, while it is rarely demonstrated in molecules. Here, we investigate the bond-length-dependent Rabi oscillations with varying Rabi frequencies in strong-laser-field dissociation of H2+. The coupling of the bond stretching and Rabi oscillations makes the nuclei gain different kinetic energies while the electron is alternatively absorbing and emitting photons. The resulting proton kinetic energy spectra show rich structures beyond the prediction of the Floquet theorem and the well-accepted resonant one-photon dissociation pathway. Our study shows that the laser-driven Rabi oscillations accompanied by nuclear motions are essential to understanding the bond-breaking mechanism and provide a time-resolved perspective to manipulate rich dynamics of the strong-laser-field dissociation of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhaohan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lianrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chenxu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, 401121, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai, 201800, China.
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Fan LB, Shu CC, Dong D, He J, Henriksen NE, Nori F. Quantum Coherent Control of a Single Molecular-Polariton Rotation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:043604. [PMID: 36763416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.043604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined analytical and numerical study for coherent terahertz control of a single molecular polariton, formed by strongly coupling two rotational states of a molecule with a single-mode cavity. Compared to the bare molecules driven by a single terahertz pulse, the presence of a cavity strongly modifies the postpulse orientation of the polariton, making it difficult to obtain its maximal degree of orientation. To solve this challenging problem toward achieving complete quantum coherent control, we derive an analytical solution of a pulse-driven quantum Jaynes-Cummings model by expanding the wave function into entangled states and constructing an effective Hamiltonian. We utilize it to design a composite terahertz pulse and obtain the maximum degree of orientation of the polariton by exploiting photon blockade effects. This Letter offers a new strategy to study rotational dynamics in the strong-coupling regime and provides a method for complete quantum coherent control of a single molecular polariton. It, therefore, has direct applications in polariton chemistry and molecular polaritonics for exploring novel quantum optical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bao Fan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuan-Cun Shu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Daoyi Dong
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia
| | - Jun He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Niels E Henriksen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Agueny H, Taoutioui A, Adnani Y, Makhoute A. Manipulating dynamical Rabi-splitting with two-color laser pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:21020-21028. [PMID: 31510187 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.021020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate strong-field ionization of hydrogen atoms by orthogonally polarized two-color (OTC) laser pulses consisting of a fundamental field that is resonant with the 1s - 2p transition and its second harmonic. Numerical simulations are performed by solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation and recording the photoelectron momentum distribution. In this strong-field resonant ionization, the atom undergoes many Rabi cycles and the electron can be emitted within a completed Rabi-cycle leading to the splitting of the localized momentum distribution. Here, the splitting is attributed to dynamic Rabi-splitting as a result of the dynamic Stark effect. The employed OTC scheme is shown to be efficient for controlling the dynamic Rabi-splitting through the control of quantum-path interferences involved in one-photon and two-photon absorption processes. The control scheme is accomplished by varying the relative ratio intensity and optical phase between the two pulses, and its footprint is mapped in the momentum distribution. This is shown to lead to an asymmetric distribution and suppression of the ionization process. The obtained results suggest the OTC scheme as a tool for coherent control of dynamic Rabi-oscillations via the controlled quantum-path interferences, thus opening new directions towards designing quantum states via the control OTC scheme.
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Song X, Zuo R, Yang S, Li P, Meier T, Yang W. Attosecond temporal confinement of interband excitation by intraband motion. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:2225-2234. [PMID: 30732262 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.002225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High order harmonic generation (HHG) in semiconductors opens a new frontier in strong field physics and attosecond science. However, the underlying physical mechanisms are not yet fully understood and lively debated. Here, we identify and discuss carrier-wave population transfer as a novel and important dynamical effect. We find that the interband excitation occurs in an extremely short time window due to the intraband motion. Our analysis based on this finding allows for a physically intuitive interpretation of the anomalous carrier-envelope phase dependence observed in HHG from MgO and to understand the dominant role of the interband polarization as reported in a series of recent semiconductor HHG experiments. Motivated by the discovered coupling mechanism, we demonstrate that the interband excitation can be controlled by an appropriately tailored two-color field. An ultrabroad supercontinuum spectrum covering the entire plateau region can be generated which directly creates an isolated-attosecond pulse even without phase compensation. Our results provide remarkable insight into the basic physics governing the sub-cycle electron motion with significant implications for the generation of isolated-attosecond light pulses in semiconductor materials.
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Wang B, He L, Yuan H, Zhang Q, Lan P, Lu P. Carrier-envelope phase-dependent molecular high-order harmonic generation from H2+ in a multi-cycle regime. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:33440-33452. [PMID: 30645496 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.033440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carrier-envelope phase (CEP) dependence of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from H2+ in a multi-cycle laser pulse is investigated by solving the non-Born-Oppenheimer time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). It is found that high harmonics in the plateau exhibit counterintuitive frequency modulation (FM) as the CEP of the multi-cycle laser varies. Based on the classical electron trajectories and time-frequency analysis, this multi-cycle CEP-dependent FM is demonstrated to result from the interference of half-cycle HHG radiations, which is modulated by laser-driven nuclear motion. The mechanism of the CEP-dependent FM is further confirmed by simulations based on a simple algorithm in the time domain, which satisfactorily reproduces the TDSE results. The CEP-dependent FM encodes rich information on the correlated electron and nuclear dynamics, which paves the way for probing nuclear motion with attosecond resolution.
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