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Liu R, Geng M, Ai J, Fan X, Liu Z, Lu YW, Kuang Y, Liu JF, Guo L, Wu L. Deterministic positioning and alignment of a single-molecule exciton in plasmonic nanodimer for strong coupling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4103. [PMID: 38755130 PMCID: PMC11099047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Experimental realization of strong coupling between a single exciton and plasmons remains challenging as it requires deterministic positioning of the single exciton and alignment of its dipole moment with the plasmonic fields. This study aims to combine the host-guest chemistry approach with the cucurbit[7]uril-mediated active self-assembly to precisely integrate a single methylene blue molecule in an Au nanodimer at the deterministic position (gap center of the nanodimer) with the maximum electric field (EFmax) and perfectly align its transition dipole moment with the EFmax, yielding a large spectral Rabi splitting of 116 meV for a single-molecule exciton-matching the analytical model and numerical simulations. Statistical analysis of vibrational spectroscopy and dark-field scattering spectra confirm the realization of the single exciton strong coupling at room temperature. Our work may suggest an approach for achieving the strong coupling between a deterministic single exciton and plasmons, contributing to the development of room-temperature single-qubit quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renming Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Ming Geng
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jindong Ai
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xinyi Fan
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhixiang Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Wei Lu
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Yanmin Kuang
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jing-Feng Liu
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Lijun Guo
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Republic of Singapore.
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, No. 16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore.
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2
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Li W, Liu R, Li J, Zhong J, Lu YW, Chen H, Wang XH. Highly Efficient Single-Exciton Strong Coupling with Plasmons by Lowering Critical Interaction Strength at an Exceptional Point. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:143601. [PMID: 37084440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.143601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The single-exciton strong coupling with the localized plasmon mode (LPM) at room temperature is highly desirable for exploiting quantum technology. However, its realization has been a very low probability event due to the harsh critical conditions, severely compromising its application. Here, we present a highly efficient approach for achieving such a strong coupling by reducing the critical interaction strength at the exceptional point based upon the damping inhibition and matching of the coupled system, instead of enhancing the coupling strength to overcome the system's large damping. Experimentally, we compress the LPM's damping linewidth from about 45 nm to about 14 nm using a leaky Fabry-Perot cavity, a good match to the excitonic linewidth of about 10 nm. This method dramatically relaxes the harsh requirement in mode volume by more than an order of magnitude and allows a maximum direction angle of the exciton dipole relative to the mode field of up to around 71.9°, significantly improving the success rate of achieving the single-exciton strong coupling with LPMs from about 1% to about 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Renming Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Junyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yu-Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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3
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Wang Y, Luo A, Zhu C, Li Z, Wu X. Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton-Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:109. [PMID: 36399213 PMCID: PMC9674826 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid coupling systems consisting of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as a promising platform to explore exciton-plasmon polaritons. However, the requisite cavity/resonator for strong coupling introduces extra complexities and challenges for waveguiding applications. Alternatively, plasmonic nano-waveguides can also be utilized to provide a non-resonant approach for strong coupling, while their utility is limited by the plasmonic confinement-loss and confinement-momentum trade-offs. Here, based on a cavity-free approach, we overcome these constraints by theoretically strong coupling of a monolayer TMD to a single metal nanowire, generating ultra-confined propagating exciton-plasmon polaritons (PEPPs) that beat the plasmonic trade-offs. By leveraging strong-coupling-induced reformations in energy distribution and combining favorable properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and excitons, the generated PEPPs feature ultra-deep subwavelength confinement (down to 1-nm level with mode areas ~ 10-4 of λ2), long propagation length (up to ~ 60 µm), tunable dispersion with versatile mode characters (SPP- and exciton-like mode characters), and small momentum mismatch to free-space photons. With the capability to overcome the trade-offs of SPPs and the compatibility for waveguiding applications, our theoretical results suggest an attractive guided-wave platform to manipulate exciton-plasmon interactions at the ultra-deep subwavelength scale, opening new horizons for waveguiding nano-polaritonic components and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aoning Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing and Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing, 314000, People's Republic of China
- Jiaxing Intelligent Optics and Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Gong M, Jiang D, Tao T, Chen F, Xu C, Zhi T, Liu W, Liu B, Zhang R, Zheng Y. Surface plasmon coupling regulated CsPbBr 3 perovskite lasers in a metal-insulator-semiconductor structure. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37218-37224. [PMID: 35496410 PMCID: PMC9043819 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06828h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A strong coupling effect often occurs between a metal and semiconductor, so micro/nano-lasers based on surface plasmons can break through the optical diffraction limit and realize unprecedented linear and nonlinear enhancement of optical processes. Hence, metal–insulator–semiconductor (M–I–S) structures based on perovskite materials were explored to design optoelectronic devices. Herein, we constructed an Ag/SiO2/CsPbBr3 hybrid structure to generate surface plasmon coupled emission between the metal and CsPbBr3 perovskite. Combined with experimental characterization and COMSOL Multiphysics software simulations, the best enhancement for CsPbBr3 radiative recombination efficiencies can be achieved with a 10 nm-thickness of the SiO2 layer and 80 nm-thickness of the Ag metal film, further verified by optimizing the thickness of the SiO2 layer above the Ag metal film. In this state, the laser threshold can be as low as 0.138 μW with a quality (Q) factor of up to 3907 under optical pumping, which demonstrate a significant step toward practical applications in biological technology, chemical identification, and optical interconnections of information transmission. A strong coupling effect often occurs between a metal and semiconductor, so micro/nano-lasers based on surface plasmons can break through the optical diffraction limit and realize unprecedented linear and nonlinear enhancement of optical processes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogao Gong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Di Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Tao Tao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211800 P. R. China
| | - Chunxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhi
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Youdou Zheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
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5
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Zhang W, You JB, Liu J, Xiong X, Li Z, Png CE, Wu L, Qiu CW, Zhou ZK. Steering Room-Temperature Plexcitonic Strong Coupling: A Diexcitonic Perspective. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8979-8986. [PMID: 34644095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plexcitonic strong coupling between a plasmon-polariton and a quantum emitter empowers ultrafast quantum manipulations in the nanoscale under ambient conditions. The main body of previous studies deals with homogeneous quantum emitters. To enable multiqubit states for future quantum computing and network, the strong coupling involving two excitons of the same material but different resonant energies has been investigated and observed primarily at very low temperature. Here, we report a room-temperature diexcitonic strong coupling (DiSC) nanosystem in which the excitons of a transition metal dichalcogenide monolayer and dye molecules are both strongly coupled to a single Au nanocube. Coherent information exchange in this DiSC nanosystem could be observed even when exciton energy detuning is about five times larger than the respective line widths. The strong coupling behaviors in such a DiSC nanosystem can be manipulated by tuning the plasmon resonant energies and the coupling strengths, opening up a paradigm of controlling plasmon-assisted coherent energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jia-Bin You
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, Singapore 138632
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao Xiong
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, Singapore 138632
| | - Zixian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ching Eng Png
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, Singapore 138632
| | - Lin Wu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis, Singapore 138632
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583
| | - Zhang-Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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6
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Qian Z, Li Z, Hao H, Shan L, Zhang Q, Dong J, Gong Q, Gu Y. Absorption Reduction of Large Purcell Enhancement Enabled by Topological State-Led Mode Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:023901. [PMID: 33512207 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.023901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose the mechanism of edge state-led mode coupling under topological protection; i.e., localized surface plasmons almost do not have any influence on the edge state, while the edge state greatly changes the local field distribution of surface plasmons. Based on this mechanism, in the well-designed topological photonic structure containing a resonant plasmon nanoantenna, an obvious absorption reduction in the spontaneous emission spectra appears due to the near-field deformation around the antenna induced by the edge state. Because a plasmon antenna with ultrasmall mode volume provides large Purcell enhancement and simultaneously the photonic crystal guides almost all scattering light into its edge state, the rate of nonscattering single photons reaches more than 10^{4}γ_{0}. This topological state-led mode coupling mechanism and induced absorption reduction, which are based on topological protection, will have a profound effect on the study of composite topological photonic structures and related micro- and nanoscale cavity quantum electrodynamics. Also, nonscattering large Purcell enhancement will provide practical use for on-chip quantum light sources, such as single-photon sources and nanolasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - He Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lingxiao Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianwen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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7
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Shan L, Zhang F, Ren J, Zhang Q, Gong Q, Gu Y. Large Purcell enhancement with nanoscale non-reciprocal photon transmission in chiral gap-plasmon-emitter systems. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:33890-33899. [PMID: 33182868 DOI: 10.1364/oe.404166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral photon-emitter coupling has been extensively explored in its non-reciprocal property, which results from spin-locked photon transmission. It manifests the potential in on-chip non-reciprocal devices, such as optical isolators and photon routing in quantum networks. However, the enhancement of chiral coupling, which has been seldom studied, remains wanting. Here, we numerically propose a gap-plasmon-emitter system demonstrating large Purcell enhancement with effective nanoscale non-reciprocal photon transmission. Owing to the strong field enhancement and high transverse spin momentum (TSM) in gap plasmons, the Purcell factor reaches 104. Simultaneously, the transmission in the nanowire is directional, in which 91% propagates in a single direction. The transmission confined around the nanowire also obtains a ∼700-fold enhancement compared with the vacuum decay rate of the emitter. Furthermore, the circularly polarized emitter couples preferentially to the opposite transmission direction in the two eigenmodes. This phenomenon is attributed to the special TSM profile of the two eigenmodes, that is, the transmission direction is locked to the opposite TSM in the two eigenmodes. Our proposed system offers an efficient way for photon routing in optical circuits and quantum networks and also extends methods for manipulating non-reciprocal devices.
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Zhang Q, Hao H, Ren J, Zhang F, Gong Q, Gu Y. A quantum phase gate capable of effectively collecting photons based on a gap plasmon structure. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10082-10089. [PMID: 32347868 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00496k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The realization of a quantum phase gate in micro-nano structures is beneficial to the miniaturization and integration of on-chip quantum circuits. Surface plasmons are well known for ultra-small mode volumes, which can further reduce the size of quantum devices. However, high fidelity quantum phase gates using surface plasmon nanocavities in a strong coupling regime have not been proposed yet. Here, based on a metallic nanocone-nanowire structure, we theoretically demonstrate a quantum phase gate, simultaneously achieving an arbitrary phase shift and effective photon collection at the nanoscale. The gate can reach 88.8% fidelity due to combining the enhanced coupling coefficient achievable by gap plasmons with low cavity loss resulting from gain medium. Meanwhile, emitted photons can be guided via the nanowire with collection efficiency over 30%. The system may act as universal quantum nodes that can process and store quantum information. It also holds promise for the physical implementation of on-chip multifunctional quantum gates and novel quantum circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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9
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Qian Z, Ren J, Zhang F, Duan X, Gong Q, Gu Y. Nanoscale quantum plasmon sensing based on strong photon-exciton coupling. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:125001. [PMID: 31791020 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5dd0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme of quantum plasmon sensing system based on strong photon-exciton coupling in the gap surface plasmon nanostructure. The system's sensitivity is characterized as Rabi splitting, which is sensitive to a slight change in environmental permittivity and determined by the coupling coefficient and detuning between the emitter and plasmon nanocavity. By increasing the dipole moment of the emitter, the sensitivity can exceed that of a traditional plasmon sensing system while only depending on the resonance spectral shift. Quantum plasmon sensing provides a unique mechanism in the application of bio-sensing, opto-chemical sensing, and quantum photonics at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wen SS, Huang YG, Wang XY, Liu J, Li Y, Quan XE, Yang H, Peng JZ, Deng K, Zhao HP. Bound state and non-Markovian dynamics of a quantum emitter around a surface plasmonic nanostructure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:6469-6489. [PMID: 32225894 DOI: 10.1364/oe.386828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A bound state between a quantum emitter (QE) and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) can be formed, where the excited QE will not relax completely to its ground state and is partially stabilized in its excited state after a long time. We develop some theoretical methods for investigating this problem and show how to form such a bound state and its effect on the non-Markovian decay dynamics. We put forward an efficient numerical approach for calculating the analytical part of the self-energy for frequency below the lower energy threshold. We also propose an efficient formalism for obtaining the long-time value of the excited-state population without calculating the eigenfrequency of the bound state or performing a time evolution of the system, in which the probability amplitude for the excited state in the steady limit is equal to one minus the integral of the evolution spectrum over the positive frequency range. With the above two quantities obtained, we show that the non-Markovian decay dynamics of an initially excited QE can be efficiently obtained by the method based on the Green's function expression for the evolution operator when a bound state exists. A general criterion for identifying the existence of a bound state is presented. The performances of the above methods are numerically demonstrated for a QE located around a metal nanosphere and in a gap plasmonic nanocavity. Numerical results show that these methods work well and the QE becomes partially stabilized in its excited state at a long time for the transition dipole moment beyond its critical value. In addition, it is also found that this critical value is heavily dependent on the distance between the QE and the metal surface, but nearly independent on the size of the nanosphere or the rod. Our methods can be utilized to understand the suppressed decay dynamics for a QE in an open quantum system and provide a general picture on how to form such a bound state.
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11
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Chai Z, Hu X, Gong Q. Exciton polaritons based on planar dielectric Si asymmetric nanogratings coupled with J-aggregated dyes film. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2020; 13:4-11. [PMID: 36641583 PMCID: PMC9733728 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-019-0940-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical cavity polaritons, originated from strong coupling between the excitons in materials and photons in the confined cavities field, have recently emerged as their applications in the high-speed lowpower polaritons devices, low-threshold lasing and so on. However, the traditional exciton polaritons based on metal plasmonic structures or Fabry-Perot cavities suffer from the disadvantages of large intrinsic losses or hard to integrate and nanofabricate. This greatly limits the applications of exciton poalritons. Thus, here we implement a compact low-loss dielectric photonic - organic nanostructure by placing a 2-nm-thick PVA doped with TDBC film on top of a planar Si asymmetric nanogratings to reveal the exciton polaritons modes. We find a distinct anti-crossing dispersion behavior appears with a 117.16 meV Rabi splitting when varying the period of Si nanogratings. Polaritons dispersion and mode anti-crossing behaviors are also observed when considering the independence of the height of Si, width of Si nanowire B, and distance between the two Si nanowires in one period. This work offers an opportunity to realize low-loss novel polaritons applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chai
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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12
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Li H, Huang Y, Hou G, Xiao A, Chen P, Liang H, Huang Y, Zhao X, Liang L, Feng X, Guan BO. Single-molecule detection of biomarker and localized cellular photothermal therapy using an optical microfiber with nanointerface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax4659. [PMID: 32064314 PMCID: PMC6991926 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
For early-stage diagnostics, there is a strong demand for sensors that can rapidly detect biomarkers at ultralow concentration or even at the single-molecule level. Compared with other types of sensors, optical microfibers are more convenient for use as point-of-care devices in early-stage diagnostics. However, the relatively low sensitivity strongly hinders their use. To this end, an optical microfiber is functionalized with a plasmonic nanointerface consisting of black phosphorus-supported Au nanohybrids. The microfiber is able to detect epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB2) at concentrations ranging from 10 zM to 100 nM, with a detection limit of 6.72 zM, enabling detection at the single-molecule level. The nanointerface-sensitized microfiber is capable of differentiating cancer cells from normal cells and treating cancer cells through cellular photothermal therapy. This work opens up a possible approach for the integration of cellular diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.H.); (B.-O.G.)
| | - Guanhua Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Aoxiang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - He Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yugang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Lili Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xinhuan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.H.); (B.-O.G.)
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13
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Zhu G, Liao Q. Highly efficient collection for photon emission enhanced by the hybrid photonic-plasmonic cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:31391-31401. [PMID: 30650725 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.031391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneously obtaining high photon emission rate and collection efficiency is highly desirable for applications of single photon sources. However, it remains great challenging and is seldom reported before. Here, we demonstrate that highly enhanced radiation of the emitter and efficient collection of the emitted photons can be simultaneously fulfilled in a hybrid photonic-plasmonic cavity which comprises of an Au nanorod dimer and a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity with a collecting waveguide, where the resonance wavelength of nanobeam cavity is red-detuned from that of the Au nanorod dimer. Our calculations show that the spontaneous emission rate of a single emitter can be enhanced by 5060 -folds, correspondingly, the far-field radiation efficiency and collection efficiency into a dielectric waveguide reaches ~97% and ~67%, respectively. The proposed mechanism paves the way towards the practical applications in ultra-bright on-chip single photon sources and plasmon-based nanolasers.
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14
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Zhang F, Ren J, Duan X, Chen Z, Gong Q, Gu Y. Evanescent-field-modulated two-qubit entanglement in an emitters-plasmon coupled system. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:305302. [PMID: 29897349 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aacc4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Scalable integrated quantum information network calls for controllable entanglement modulation at subwavelength scale. To reduce laser disturbance among adjacent nanostructures, here we theoretically demonstrate two-qubit entanglement modulated by an evanescent field of a dielectric nanowire in an emitter-AgNP coupled system. This coupled system is considered as a nano-cavity system embedded in an evanescent vacuum. Through varying the amplitude of evanescent field, the concurrence of steady-state entanglement can be modified from 0 to 0.75. Because the interaction between emitters and the nanowire is much weaker than that inside the coupled system, the range of modulation for two-qubit entanglement is insensitive to their distance. The evanescent field controlled entangled state engineering provides the possibility to avoid optical crosstalk for on-chip steady-state entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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15
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Hao H, Ren J, Duan X, Lu G, Khoo IC, Gong Q, Gu Y. High-contrast switching and high-efficiency extracting for spontaneous emission based on tunable gap surface plasmon. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11244. [PMID: 30050152 PMCID: PMC6062572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling spontaneous emission at optical scale lies in the heart of ultracompact quantum photonic devices, such as on-chip single photon sources, nanolasers and nanophotonic detectors. However, achiving a large modulation of fluorescence intensity and guiding the emitted photons into low-loss nanophotonic structures remain rather challenging issue. Here, using the liquid crystal-tuned gap surface plasmon, we theoretically demonstrate both a high-contrast switching of the spontaneous emission and high-efficiency extraction of the photons with a specially-designed tunable surface plasmon nanostructures. Through varying the refractive index of liquid crystal, the local electromagnetic field of the gap surface plasmon can be greatly modulated, thereby leading to the swithching of the spontaneous emission of the emitter placed at the nanoscale gap. By optimizing the material and geometrical parameters, the total decay rate can be changed from 103γ0 to 8750γ0, [γ0 is the spontaneous emission rate in vacuum] with the contrast ratio of 85. Further more, in the design also enables propagation of the emitted photons along the low-loss phase-matched nanofibers with a collection efficiency of more than 40%. The proposal provides a novel mechanism for simultaneously switching and extracting the spontaneous emitted photons in hybrid photonic nanostructures, propelling the implementation in on-chip tunable quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Juanjuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xueke Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 020006, China
| | - Iam Choon Khoo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, 121 Electrical Engineering East, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 020006, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 020006, China.
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16
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Shang Q, Zhang S, Liu Z, Chen J, Yang P, Li C, Li W, Zhang Y, Xiong Q, Liu X, Zhang Q. Surface Plasmon Enhanced Strong Exciton-Photon Coupling in Hybrid Inorganic-Organic Perovskite Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3335-3343. [PMID: 29722986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating strong light-matter interaction in semiconductor microcavities is crucial for developing high-performance exciton polariton devices with great potential in next-generation all-solid state quantum technologies. In this work, we report surface plasmon enhanced strong exciton-photon interaction in CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite nanowires. Characteristic anticrossing behaviors, indicating a Rabi splitting energy up to ∼564 meV, are observed near exciton resonance in hybrid perovskite nanowire/SiO2/Ag cavity at room temperature. The exciton-photon coupling strength is enhanced by ∼35% on average, which is mainly attributed to surface plasmon induced localized excitation field redistribution. Further, systematic studies on SiO2 thickness and nanowire dimension dependence of exciton-photon interaction are presented. These results provide new avenues to achieve extremely high coupling strengths and push forward the development of electrically pumped and ultralow threshold small lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Shang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
- Research Center for Wide Gap Semiconductor , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physics , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
| | - Qihua Xiong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , P. R. China
- Research Center for Wide Gap Semiconductor , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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17
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Yu XC, Zhi Y, Tang SJ, Li BB, Gong Q, Qiu CW, Xiao YF. Optically sizing single atmospheric particulates with a 10-nm resolution using a strong evanescent field. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2018; 7:18003. [PMID: 30839538 PMCID: PMC6060056 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2018.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although an accurate evaluation of the distribution of ultrafine particulate matter in air is of utmost significance to public health, the usually used PM2.5 index fails to provide size distribution information. Here we demonstrate a low-profile and cavity-free size spectrometer for probing fine and ultrafine particulate matter by using the enhanced particle-perturbed scattering in strong optical evanescent fields of a nanofiber array. The unprecedented size resolution reaches 10 nm for detecting single 100-nm-diameter nanoparticles by employing uniform nanofibers and controlling the polarizations of the probe light. This size spectrometry was tested and used to retrieve the size distribution of particulate matter in the air of Beijing, yielding mass concentrations of nanoparticles, as a secondary exercise, consistent with the officially released data. This nanofiber-array probe shows potential for the full monitoring of air pollution and for studying early-stage haze evolution and can be further extended to explore nanoparticle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanyan Zhi
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shui-Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Bei-Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou 215123, China
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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18
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Wei H, Pan D, Zhang S, Li Z, Li Q, Liu N, Wang W, Xu H. Plasmon Waveguiding in Nanowires. Chem Rev 2018; 118:2882-2926. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Deng Pan
- School of Physics and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nano-Photonics and Nano-Structure (NPNS), Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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19
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Duan X, Ren J, Zhang F, Hao H, Lu G, Gong Q, Gu Y. Large Purcell enhancement with efficient one-dimensional collection via coupled nanowire-nanorod system. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:045203. [PMID: 29144283 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9b0b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Combining the advantages of both gap surface plasmons (GSPs) and evanescent waves, we demonstrate simultaneously large Purcell enhancement and efficient one-dimensional collection of photons at subwavelength scale in the coupled nanowire-nanorod system. The spontaneous emission (SE) can be enhanced thousands of times based on the excitation of GSPs with strongly localized electromagnetic field. Emitted photons are directly collected by subwavelength-confined evanescent modes and guided along the nanowire. By optimizing geometry and material parameters, 14 208 times of Purcell enhancement with collection efficiency up to 39.3% can be achieved in the Ag nanowire-Ag nanorod system where the emitted photons can spread more than 25 μm, or SE is enhanced by 3142 times and up to 53% of emitted photons propagate with low loss in the dielectric nanowire-Ag nanorod system. This proposal that incorporates large Purcell enhancement, efficient nanoscale collection and one-dimensional propagation of photons, promises to have an important impact on bright single photon sources, plasmon-based nanolasers and on-chip nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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20
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Zhao YJ, Tian M, Wang XY, Yang H, Zhao H, Huang YG. Quasi-static method and finite element method for obtaining the modifications of the spontaneous emission rate and energy level shift near a plasmonic nanostructure. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:1390-1401. [PMID: 29402013 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We provide numerical demonstrations of the applicability and accuracy of the quasi-static method and the finite-element method in the investigation of the modifications of the spontaneous emission rate and the energy level shift of an emitter placed near a silver-air interface or a silver nano-sphere. The analytical results are presented as a reference. Our calculations show that the finite element method is an accurate and general method. For frequency away from the radiative mode, the quasi-static method can be applied more effectively for calculating the energy level shift than the spontaneous emission rate. But for frequency around, there is a blue shift for both and this shift increases with the increasing of emitter-silver distance. Applying the theory to the nanosphere dimmer, we see similar phenomenon and find extremely large modifications of the spontaneous emission rate and energy level shift. These findings are instructive in the fields of quantum light-matter interactions.
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21
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Peng P, Liu YC, Xu D, Cao QT, Lu G, Gong Q, Xiao YF. Enhancing Coherent Light-Matter Interactions through Microcavity-Engineered Plasmonic Resonances. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:233901. [PMID: 29286676 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.233901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Quantum manipulation is challenging in localized-surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) due to strong dissipations. To enhance quantum coherence, here we propose to engineer the electromagnetic environment of LSPRs by placing metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in optical microcavities. An analytical quantum model is first built to describe the LSPR-microcavity interaction, revealing the significantly enhanced coherent radiation and the reduced incoherent dissipation. Furthermore, when a quantum emitter interacts with the LSPRs in the cavity-engineered environment, its quantum yield is enhanced over 40 times and the radiative power over one order of magnitude, compared to those in the vacuum environment. Importantly, the cavity-engineered MNP-emitter system can enter the strong coupling regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics, providing a promising platform for the study of quantum plasmonics, quantum information processing, precise sensing, and spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua Univeristy, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Tao Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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22
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Liu R, Zhou ZK, Yu YC, Zhang T, Wang H, Liu G, Wei Y, Chen H, Wang XH. Strong Light-Matter Interactions in Single Open Plasmonic Nanocavities at the Quantum Optics Limit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:237401. [PMID: 28644668 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.237401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Reaching the quantum optics limit of strong light-matter interactions between a single exciton and a plasmon mode is highly desirable, because it opens up possibilities to explore room-temperature quantum devices operating at the single-photon level. However, two challenges severely hinder the realization of this limit: the integration of single-exciton emitters with plasmonic nanostructures and making the coupling strength at the single-exciton level overcome the large damping of the plasmon mode. Here, we demonstrate that these two hindrances can be overcome by attaching individual J aggregates to single cuboid Au@Ag nanorods. In such hybrid nanosystems, both the ultrasmall mode volume of ∼71 nm^{3} and the ultrashort interaction distance of less than 0.9 nm make the coupling coefficient between a single J-aggregate exciton and the cuboid nanorod as high as ∼41.6 meV, enabling strong light-matter interactions to be achieved at the quantum optics limit in single open plasmonic nanocavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhang-Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yi-Cong Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Tengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xue-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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