1
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Mallweger M, de Oliveira MH, Thomm R, Parke H, Kuk N, Higgins G, Bachelard R, Villas-Boas CJ, Hennrich M. Single-Shot Measurements of Phonon Number States Using the Autler-Townes Effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:223603. [PMID: 38101344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.223603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a single-shot method to measure motional states in the number basis. The technique can be applied to systems with at least three nondegenerate energy levels which can be coupled to a linear quantum harmonic oscillator. The method relies on probing an Autler-Townes splitting that arises when a phonon-number changing transition is strongly coupled. We demonstrate the method using a single trapped ion and show that it may be used in a nondemolition fashion to prepare phonon number states. We also show how the Autler-Townes splitting can be used to measure phonon number distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Mallweger
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Robin Thomm
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harry Parke
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalia Kuk
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerard Higgins
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Romain Bachelard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Nice, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Celso Jorge Villas-Boas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Markus Hennrich
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Katz O, Monroe C. Programmable Quantum Simulations of Bosonic Systems with Trapped Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:033604. [PMID: 37540877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.033604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Trapped atomic ion crystals are a leading platform for quantum simulations of spin systems, with programmable and long-range spin-spin interactions mediated by excitations of phonons in the crystal. We describe a complementary approach for quantum simulations of bosonic systems using phonons in trapped-ion crystals, here mediated by excitations of the trapped-ion spins. The scheme enables a high degree of programability across a dense graph of bosonic couplings, utilizing long-lived collective phonon modes in a trapped-ion chain. As such, it is well suited for tackling hard problems such as boson sampling and simulations of long-range bosonic and spin-boson Hamiltonians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Katz
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Christopher Monroe
- Duke Quantum Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, Maryland 20740, USA
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3
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Opatrný T, Bräuer Š, Kofman AG, Misra A, Meher N, Firstenberg O, Poem E, Kurizki G. Nonlinear coherent heat machines. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf1070. [PMID: 36608121 PMCID: PMC9821940 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We propose heat machines that are nonlinear, coherent, and closed systems composed of few field (oscillator) modes. Their thermal-state input is transformed by nonlinear Kerr interactions into nonthermal (non-Gaussian) output with controlled quantum fluctuations and the capacity to deliver work in a chosen mode. These machines can provide an output with strongly reduced phase and amplitude uncertainty that may be useful for sensing or communications in the quantum domain. They are experimentally realizable in optomechanical cavities where photonic and phononic modes are coupled by a Josephson qubit or in cold gases where interactions between photons are transformed into dipole-dipole interacting Rydberg atom polaritons. This proposed approach is a step toward the bridging of quantum and classical coherent and thermodynamic descriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Opatrný
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17, Listopadu 50, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Šimon Bräuer
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17, Listopadu 50, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Abraham G. Kofman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Avijit Misra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nilakantha Meher
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ofer Firstenberg
- Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Eilon Poem
- Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gershon Kurizki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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4
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Qiao M, Wang Y, Cai Z, Du B, Wang P, Luan C, Chen W, Noh HR, Kim K. Double-Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency Ground-State Cooling of Stationary Two-Dimensional Ion Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:023604. [PMID: 33512231 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.023604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically and experimentally investigate double-electromagnetically-induced transparency (double-EIT) cooling of two-dimensional ion crystals confined in a Paul trap. The double-EIT ground-state cooling is observed for ^{171}Yb^{+} ions with a clock state, for which EIT cooling has not been realized like many other ions with a simple Λ scheme. A cooling rate of n[over ¯][over ˙]=34(±1.8) ms^{-1} and a cooling limit of n[over ¯]=0.06(±0.059) are observed for a single ion. The measured cooling rate and limit are consistent with theoretical predictions. We apply double-EIT cooling to the transverse modes of two-dimensional (2D) crystals with up to 12 ions. In our 2D crystals, the micromotion and the transverse mode directions are perpendicular, which makes them decoupled. Therefore, the cooling on transverse modes is not disturbed by micromotion, which is confirmed in our experiment. For the center of mass mode of a 12-ion crystal, we observe a cooling rate and a cooling limit that are consistent with those of a single ion, including heating rates proportional to the number of ions. This method can be extended to other hyperfine qubits, and near ground-state cooling of stationary 2D crystals with large numbers of ions may advance the field of quantum information sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Qiao
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Wang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Zhengyang Cai
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Du
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Luan
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Heung-Ryoul Noh
- Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Kihwan Kim
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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5
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Tamura M, Mukaiyama T, Toyoda K. Quantum Walks of a Phonon in Trapped Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:200501. [PMID: 32501043 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.200501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of the quantum walks of a phonon, a vibrational quantum, in a trapped-ion crystal. By employing the capability to prepare and observe the localized wave packet of a phonon, the propagation of a single radial local phonon in a four-ion linear crystal is observed with single-site resolution. The results show an agreement with numerical calculations, indicating the predictability and reproducibility of the phonon system. These characteristics may contribute advantageously in the advanced studies of quantum walks, as well as boson sampling and quantum simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Tamura
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takashi Mukaiyama
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Toyoda
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
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6
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Gan HCJ, Maslennikov G, Tseng KW, Nguyen C, Matsukevich D. Hybrid Quantum Computing with Conditional Beam Splitter Gate in Trapped Ion System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:170502. [PMID: 32412255 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.170502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The hybrid approach to quantum computation simultaneously utilizes both discrete and continuous variables, which offers the advantage of higher density encoding and processing powers for the same physical resources. Trapped ions, with discrete internal states and motional modes that can be described by continuous variables in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, offer a natural platform for this approach. A nonlinear gate for universal quantum computing can be implemented with the conditional beam splitter Hamiltonian |e⟩⟨e|(a[over ^]^{†}b[over ^]+a[over ^]b[over ^]^{†}) that swaps the quantum states of two motional modes, depending on the ion's internal state. We realize such a gate and demonstrate its applications for quantum state overlap measurements, single-shot parity measurement, and generation of NOON states.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C J Gan
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gleb Maslennikov
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ko-Wei Tseng
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chihuan Nguyen
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dzmitry Matsukevich
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117551 Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Zhang K, Thompson J, Zhang X, Shen Y, Lu Y, Zhang S, Ma J, Vedral V, Gu M, Kim K. Modular quantum computation in a trapped ion system. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4692. [PMID: 31619670 PMCID: PMC6795904 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern computation relies crucially on modular architectures, breaking a complex algorithm into self-contained subroutines. A client can then call upon a remote server to implement parts of the computation independently via an application programming interface (API). Present APIs relay only classical information. Here we implement a quantum API that enables a client to estimate the absolute value of the trace of a server-provided unitary operation [Formula: see text]. We demonstrate that the algorithm functions correctly irrespective of what unitary [Formula: see text] the server implements or how the server specifically realizes [Formula: see text]. Our experiment involves pioneering techniques to coherently swap qubits encoded within the motional states of a trapped [Formula: see text] ion, controlled on its hyperfine state. This constitutes the first demonstration of modular computation in the quantum regime, providing a step towards scalable, parallelization of quantum computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Zhang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jayne Thompson
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Yangchao Shen
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaining Zhang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Ma
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Atomic and Laser Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Vlatko Vedral
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Atomic and Laser Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Mile Gu
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637335, Singapore.
| | - Kihwan Kim
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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8
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Wolf F, Shi C, Heip JC, Gessner M, Pezzè L, Smerzi A, Schulte M, Hammerer K, Schmidt PO. Motional Fock states for quantum-enhanced amplitude and phase measurements with trapped ions. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2929. [PMID: 31266940 PMCID: PMC6606596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantum noise of the vacuum limits the achievable sensitivity of quantum sensors. In non-classical measurement schemes the noise can be reduced to overcome this limitation. However, schemes based on squeezed or Schrödinger cat states require alignment of the relative phase between the measured interaction and the non-classical quantum state. Here we present two measurement schemes on a trapped ion prepared in a motional Fock state for displacement and frequency metrology that are insensitive to this phase. The achieved statistical uncertainty is below the standard quantum limit set by quantum vacuum fluctuations, enabling applications in spectroscopy and mass measurements. Quantum metrology allows surpassing the standard quantum limit, but methods relying on squeezing require to know the orientation of the squeezed quadrature with respect to the signal. Here, instead, the authors propose a phase-insensitive Fock-state-based protocol, and demonstrate it using trapped ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wolf
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Chunyan Shi
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan C Heip
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manuel Gessner
- QSTAR, INO-CNR and LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125, Firenze, Italy.,Département de Physique, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Université, CNRS, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Luca Pezzè
- QSTAR, INO-CNR and LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125, Firenze, Italy
| | - Augusto Smerzi
- QSTAR, INO-CNR and LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125, Firenze, Italy.,Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marius Schulte
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Klemens Hammerer
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Piet O Schmidt
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany. .,Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
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9
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Maslennikov G, Ding S, Hablützel R, Gan J, Roulet A, Nimmrichter S, Dai J, Scarani V, Matsukevich D. Quantum absorption refrigerator with trapped ions. Nat Commun 2019; 10:202. [PMID: 30643131 PMCID: PMC6331551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years substantial efforts have been expended in extending thermodynamics to single quantum systems. Quantum effects have emerged as a resource that can improve the performance of heat machines. However in the fully quantum regime their implementation still remains a challenge. Here, we report an experimental realization of a quantum absorption refrigerator in a system of three trapped ions, with three of its normal modes of motion coupled by a trilinear Hamiltonian such that heat transfer between two modes refrigerates the third. We investigate the dynamics and steady-state properties of the refrigerator and compare its cooling capability when only thermal states are involved to the case when squeezing is employed as a quantum resource. We also study the performance of such a refrigerator in the single shot regime made possible by coherence and demonstrate cooling below both the steady-state energy and a benchmark set by classical thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Maslennikov
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Shiqian Ding
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Roland Hablützel
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jaren Gan
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Alexandre Roulet
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Stefan Nimmrichter
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jibo Dai
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Valerio Scarani
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Dr 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - Dzmitry Matsukevich
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Dr 2, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Dr 3, Singapore, 117551, Singapore.
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10
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Zhang J, Um M, Lv D, Zhang JN, Duan LM, Kim K. NOON States of Nine Quantized Vibrations in Two Radial Modes of a Trapped Ion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:160502. [PMID: 30387619 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.160502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We develop a deterministic method to generate and verify arbitrarily high NOON states of quantized vibrations (phonons), through the coupling to the internal state. We experimentally create the entangled states up to N=9 phonons in two vibrational modes of a single trapped ^{171}Yb^{+} ion. We observe an increasing phase sensitivity of the generated NOON state as the number of phonons N increases and obtain the fidelity from the contrast of the phase interference and the population of the phonon states through the two-mode projective measurement, which are significantly above the classical bound. We also measure the quantum Fisher information of the generated state and observe Heisenberg scaling in the lower bounds of phase sensitivity as N increases. Our scheme is generic and applicable to other photonic or phononic systems such as circuit QED systems or nanomechanical oscillators, which have Jaynes-Cummings-type of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Zhang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark Um
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingshun Lv
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ning Zhang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Ming Duan
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Kihwan Kim
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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11
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Ding S, Maslennikov G, Hablützel R, Matsukevich D. Quantum Simulation with a Trilinear Hamiltonian. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:130502. [PMID: 30312083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.130502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interaction among harmonic oscillators described by a trilinear Hamiltonian ℏξ(a^{†}bc+ab^{†}c^{†}) is one of the most fundamental models in quantum optics. By employing the anharmonicity of the Coulomb potential in a linear trapped three-ion crystal, we experimentally implement it among three normal modes of motion in the strong-coupling regime, where the coupling strength is much larger than the decoherence rate of the ion motion. We use it to simulate the interaction of an atom and light as described by the Tavis-Cummings model and the process of nondegenerate parametric down-conversion in the regime of a depleted pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqian Ding
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
| | - Gleb Maslennikov
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
| | - Roland Hablützel
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
| | - Dzmitry Matsukevich
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117551, Singapore
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12
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Dellantonio L, Kyriienko O, Marquardt F, Sørensen AS. Quantum nondemolition measurement of mechanical motion quanta. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3621. [PMID: 30190532 PMCID: PMC6127154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of optomechanics and electromechanics have facilitated numerous advances in the areas of precision measurement and sensing, ultimately driving the studies of mechanical systems into the quantum regime. To date, however, the quantization of the mechanical motion and the associated quantum jumps between phonon states remains elusive. For optomechanical systems, the coupling to the environment was shown to make the detection of the mechanical mode occupation difficult, typically requiring the single-photon strong-coupling regime. Here, we propose and analyse an electromechanical setup, which allows us to overcome this limitation and resolve the energy levels of a mechanical oscillator. We found that the heating of the membrane, caused by the interaction with the environment and unwanted couplings, can be suppressed for carefully designed electromechanical systems. The results suggest that phonon number measurement is within reach for modern electromechanical setups. Although electro-and optomechanics has recently moved towards the quantum regime, the quantized energy spectrum of a mechanical oscillator has not been directly observed. Here Dellantonio et al. propose an electromechanical setup with a membrane resonator that could enable phonon number measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dellantonio
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. .,Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Oleksandr Kyriienko
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,NORDITA, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Marquardt
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudstraße 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Günther-Scharowsky-Straße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anders S Sørensen
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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