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Yuan Y, Zeng Z, Xing Y, Yuan H, Zhang S, Kob W, Wang Y. From creep to flow: Granular materials under cyclic shear. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3866. [PMID: 38719872 PMCID: PMC11079021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
When unperturbed, granular materials form stable structures that resemble the ones of other amorphous solids like metallic or colloidal glasses. Whether or not granular materials under shear have an elastic response is not known, and also the influence of particle surface roughness on the yielding transition has so far remained elusive. Here we use X-ray tomography to determine the three-dimensional microscopic dynamics of two granular systems that have different roughness and that are driven by cyclic shear. Both systems, and for all shear amplitudes Γ considered, show a cross-over from creep to diffusive dynamics, indicating that rough granular materials have no elastic response and always yield, in stark contrast to simple glasses. For the system with small roughness, we observe a clear dynamic change at Γ ≈ 0.1, accompanied by a pronounced slowing down and dynamical heterogeneity. For the large roughness system, the dynamics evolves instead continuously as a function of Γ. We rationalize this roughness dependence using the potential energy landscape of the systems: The roughness induces to this landscape a micro-corrugation with a new length scale, whose ratio over the particle size is the relevant parameter. Our results reveal the unexpected richness in relaxation mechanisms for real granular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhikun Zeng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Houfei Yuan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Walter Kob
- Department of Physics, College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
- Department of Physics, University of Montpellier and CNRS, 34095, Montpellier, France.
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Department of Physics, College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
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Navarro E, Falcón C. Statistics of a granular cluster ensemble at a liquid-solid-like phase transition. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:054901. [PMID: 38907456 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.054901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
We report on the construction of a granular network of particles to study the formation, evolution, and statistical properties of clusters of particles developing at the vicinity of a liquid-solid-like phase transition within a vertically vibrated quasi-two-dimensional granular system. Using the data of particle positions and local order from Castillo et al. [G. Castillo, N. Mujica, and R. Soto, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 095701 (2012)0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.109.095701], we extract granular clusters taken as communities of the granular network via modularity optimization. Each one of these communities is a patch of particles with a very well defined local orientational order embedded within an array of other patches forming a complex cluster network. The distributions of cluster sizes and lifespans for the cluster network depend on the distance to the liquid-solid-like phase transition of the quasi-two-dimensional granular system. Specifically, the cluster size distribution displays a scale-invariant behavior for at least a decade in cluster sizes, while cluster lifespans grow monotonically with each cluster size. We believe this systematic community analysis for clustering in granular systems can help to study and understand the spatiotemporal evolution of mesoscale structures in systems displaying out-of-equilibrium phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Navarro
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 487-3, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Falcón
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 487-3, Santiago, Chile
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Zou Y, Ma G, Zhao S, Chen S, Zhou W. Particle shape transforms the driving of shear stress in granular materials. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Benson ZA, Peshkov A, Richardson DC, Losert W. Effects of interparticle friction on the response of 3D cyclically compressed granular material. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202124910003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We numerically study the effect of inter-particle friction coefficient on the response to cyclical pure shear of spherical particles in three dimensions. We focus on the rotations and translations of grains and look at the spatial distribution of these displacements as well as their probability distribution functions. We find that with increasing friction, the shear band becomes thinner and more pronounced. At low friction, the amplitude of particle rotations is homogeneously distributed in the system and is therefore mostly independent from both the affine and non-affine particle translations. In contrast, at high friction, the rotations are strongly localized in the shear zone. This work shows the importance of studying the effects of inter-particle friction on the response of granular materials to cyclic forcing, both for a better understanding of how rotations correlate to translations in sheared granular systems, and due to the relevance of cyclic forcing for most real-world applications in planetary science and industry.
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Ma G, Zou Y, Chen Y, Tang L, Ng TT, Zhou W. Spatial correlation and temporal evolution of plastic heterogeneity in sheared granular materials. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhao C, Cheng X, Peng Y, Li C. Discrete element simulations of heart-shaped particle systems. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ji S, Wang S, Peng Z. Influence of external pressure on granular flow in a cylindrical silo based on discrete element method. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Peshkov A, Girvan M, Richardson DC, Losert W. Reversibility of granular rotations and translations. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:042905. [PMID: 31771010 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.042905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We analyze reversibility of displacements and rotations of spherical grains in three-dimensional compression experiments. Using transparent acrylic beads with cylindrical holes and index matching techniques, we are not only capable of tracking displacements but also analyzing reversibility of rotations. We observe that for moderate compression amplitudes, up to one bead diameter, the translational displacements of the beads after each cycle become mostly reversible after an initial transient. By contrast, granular rotations are largely irreversible. We find a weak correlation between translational and rotational displacements, indicating that rotational reversibility depends on more subtle changes in contact distributions and contact forces between grains compared with displacement reversibility. Three-dimensional rotations in dense granular systems are particularly important, since frictional losses associated with rotations are the dominant mechanism for energy dissipation. As such our work provides a first step toward a thorough study of rotations and tangential forces to understand the granular dynamics in dense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Peshkov
- IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Michelle Girvan
- Department of Physics, IPST and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Derek C Richardson
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Wolfgang Losert
- Department of Physics, IPST and IREAP, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Plati A, Baldassarri A, Gnoli A, Gradenigo G, Puglisi A. Dynamical Collective Memory in Fluidized Granular Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:038002. [PMID: 31386474 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.038002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiments with rotational diffusion of a probe in a vibrated granular media revealed a rich scenario, ranging from a dilute gas to a dense liquid with cage effects and an unexpected superdiffusive behavior at large times. Here we set up a simulation that reproduces quantitatively the experimental observations and allows us to investigate the properties of the host granular medium, a task not feasible in the experiment. We discover a persistent collective rotational mode which emerges at a high density and a low granular temperature: a macroscopic fraction of the medium slowly rotates, randomly switching direction after very long times. Such a rotational mode of the host medium is the origin of the probe's superdiffusion. Collective motion is accompanied by a kind of dynamical heterogeneity at intermediate times (in the cage stage) followed by a strong reduction of fluctuations at late times, when superdiffusion sets in.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Plati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - A Baldassarri
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - A Gnoli
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - G Gradenigo
- NANOTEC-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - A Puglisi
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Cai R, Xiao H, Zheng J, Zhao Y. Diffusion of size bidisperse spheres in dense granular shear flow. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:032902. [PMID: 30999464 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.032902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion is an important particle behavior in granular flow. Although granular diffusion has been studied for decades, the diffusion of size bidisperse particles has not been well understood. In this paper, discrete element method simulations with the Lees-Edwards boundary condition are performed to quantify the relation between the diffusion coefficient (D) and flow parameters for size bidisperse spheres in dense granular flow. The influences of the shear rate (γ[over ̇]), the solids fraction (f), and the diameter ratio (D_{LS}) of particles on diffusion are studied. The effects of the friction coefficient (μ) and the restitution coefficient (e) are also investigated. The results indicate that while small particles diffuse faster than large particles in a binary system the volume weighted average diffusion coefficient is proportional to the shear rate and the square of the volume weighted average particle diameter, d^{2}, and it is inversely proportional to the solids fraction. The quantified relation is given as D=k_{d}γ[over ̇]d^{2}, where k_{d}=0.0186/f, and this relation is not sensitive to the diameter ratio for D_{LS}≤3. The diffusion coefficient is not sensitive to the friction coefficient except for the extreme condition where μ<0.1, and it is also not sensitive to the restitution coefficient between 0.3 and 0.9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihuan Cai
- Institute of Process Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongyi Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jinyang Zheng
- Institute of Process Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhao
- Institute of Process Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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