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Qin Y, Shao Z, Hong T, Wang Y, Jiang M, Peng X. New Classes of Magnetic Noise Self-Compensation Effects in Atomic Comagnetometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:023202. [PMID: 39073942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.023202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Precision measurements of anomalous spin-dependent interactions are often hindered by magnetic noise and other magnetic systematic effects. Atomic comagnetometers use the distinct spin precession of two species and have emerged as important tools for effectively mitigating the magnetic noise. Nevertheless, the operation of existing comagnetometers is limited to very low-frequency noise commonly below 1 Hz. Here, we report a new type of atomic comagnetometer based on a magnetic noise self-compensation mechanism originating from the destructive interference between alkali-metal and noble-gas spins. Our comagnetometer employing K-^{3}He system remarkably suppresses magnetic noise exceeding 2 orders of magnitude at higher frequencies up to 160 Hz. Moreover, we discover that the capability of our comagnetometer to suppress magnetic noise is spatially dependent on the orientation of the noise and can be conveniently controlled by adjusting the applied bias magnetic field. Our findings open up new possibilities for precision measurements, including enhancing the search sensitivity of spin-dark matter particles interactions into unexplored parameter space.
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Wei K, Zhao T, Fang X, Xu Z, Liu C, Cao Q, Wickenbrock A, Hu Y, Ji W, Fang J, Budker D. Ultrasensitive Atomic Comagnetometer with Enhanced Nuclear Spin Coherence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:063201. [PMID: 36827554 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.063201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high energy resolution in spin systems is important for fundamental physics research and precision measurements, with alkali-noble-gas comagnetometers being among the best available sensors. We found a new relaxation mechanism in such devices, the gradient of the Fermi-contact-interaction field that dominates the relaxation of hyperpolarized nuclear spins. We report on precise control over spin distribution, demonstrating a tenfold increase of nuclear spin hyperpolarization and transverse coherence time with optimal hybrid optical pumping. Operating in the self-compensation regime, our ^{21}Ne-Rb-K comagnetometer achieves an ultrahigh inertial rotation sensitivity of 3×10^{-8} rad/s/Hz^{1/2} in the frequency range from 0.2 to 1.0 Hz, which is equivalent to the energy resolution of 3.1×10^{-23} eV/Hz^{1/2}. We propose to use this comagnetometer to search for exotic spin-dependent interactions involving proton and neutron spins. The projected sensitivity surpasses the previous experimental and astrophysical limits by more than 4 orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiujie Fang
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zitong Xu
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Qian Cao
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Ji
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Jiancheng Fang
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
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Su H, Wang Y, Jiang M, Ji W, Fadeev P, Hu D, Peng X, Budker D. Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-based amplifier. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi9535. [PMID: 34788098 PMCID: PMC8597990 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi9535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Development of new techniques to search for particles beyond the standard model is crucial for understanding the ultraviolet completion of particle physics. Several hypothetical particles are predicted to mediate exotic spin-dependent interactions between standard-model particles that may be accessible to laboratory experiments. However, laboratory searches are mostly conducted for static spin-dependent interactions, with a few experiments addressing spin- and velocity-dependent interactions. Here, we demonstrate a search for these interactions with a spin-based amplifier. Our technique uses hyperpolarized nuclear spins as an amplifier for pseudo-magnetic fields produced by exotic interactions by a factor of more than 100. Using this technique, we establish constraints on the spin- and velocity-dependent interactions between polarized neutrons and unpolarized nucleons for the force range of 0.03 to 100 meters, improving previous constraints by at least two orders of magnitude in partial force range. This technique can be further extended to investigate other exotic spin-dependent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Su
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yuanhong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Pavel Fadeev
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Dongdong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xinhua Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
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Blanchard JW, Budker D, Trabesinger A. Lower than low: Perspectives on zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 323:106886. [PMID: 33518173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The less-traveled low road in nuclear magnetic resonance is discussed, honoring the contributions of Prof. Bernhard Blümich, aspiring towards reaching 'a new low.' A history of the subject and its current status are briefly reviewed, followed by an effort to prophesy possible directions for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
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5
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Jiang M, Bian J, Li Q, Wu Z, Su H, Xu M, Wang Y, Wang X, Peng X. Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance and its applications. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Wang Z, Peng X, Zhang R, Luo H, Li J, Xiong Z, Wang S, Guo H. Single-Species Atomic Comagnetometer Based on ^{87}Rb Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:193002. [PMID: 32469599 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.193002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The comagnetometer has been one of the most sensitive devices with which to test new physics related to spin-dependent interactions, but the comagnetometers based on overlapping ensembles of multiple spin species usually suffer from systematic errors due to magnetic field gradients. Here, we propose a comagnetometer based on the Zeeman transitions of the dual hyperfine levels in ground-state ^{87}Rb atoms, which shows nearly negligible sensitivity to variations of laser power and frequency, magnetic field, and magnetic field gradients. We measured the hypothetical spin-dependent gravitational energy of the proton with the comagnetometer, which is smaller than 4×10^{-18} eV, comparable to the most stringent existing constraint. Through optimizing the system parameters such as cell temperature, laser power, amplitude of driving magnetic field, as well as choosing better current source, it is possible to improve the sensitivity of the comagnetometer further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Li
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Blanchard JW, Wu T, Eills J, Hu Y, Budker D. Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance J-spectroscopy with commercial atomic magnetometers. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 314:106723. [PMID: 32298993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZULF NMR) is an alternative spectroscopic method to high-field NMR, in which samples are studied in the absence of a large magnetic field. Unfortunately, there is a large barrier to entry for many groups, because operating the optical magnetometers needed for signal detection requires some expertise in atomic physics and optics. Commercially available magnetometers offer a solution to this problem. Here we describe a simple ZULF NMR configuration employing commercial magnetometers, and demonstrate sufficient functionality to measure samples with nuclear spins prepolarized in a permanent magnet or initialized using parahydrogen. This opens the possibility for other groups to use ZULF NMR, which provides a means to study complex materials without magnetic susceptibility-induced line broadening, and to observe samples through conductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yinan Hu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
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9
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Gomez P, Martin F, Mazzinghi C, Benedicto Orenes D, Palacios S, Mitchell MW. Bose-Einstein Condensate Comagnetometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:170401. [PMID: 32412288 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.170401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe a comagnetometer employing the f=1 and f=2 ground state hyperfine manifolds of a ^{87}Rb spinor Bose-Einstein condensate as colocated magnetometers. The hyperfine manifolds feature nearly opposite gyromagnetic ratios and thus the sum of their precession angles is only weakly coupled to external magnetic fields, while being highly sensitive to any effect that rotates both manifolds in the same way. The f=1 and f=2 transverse magnetizations and azimuth angles are independently measured by nondestructive Faraday rotation probing, and we demonstrate a 44.0(8) dB common-mode rejection in good agreement with theory. We show how the magnetometer coherence time can be extended to ∼1 s, by using spin-dependent interactions to inhibit hyperfine relaxing collisions between f=2 atoms. The technique could be used in high sensitivity searches for new physics on submillimeter length scales, precision studies of ultracold collision physics, and angle-resolved studies of quantum spin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Gomez
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Quside Technologies S.L., C/Esteve Terradas 1, Of. 217, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ferran Martin
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Quside Technologies S.L., C/Esteve Terradas 1, Of. 217, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Chiara Mazzinghi
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Daniel Benedicto Orenes
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Silvana Palacios
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Morgan W Mitchell
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Wang X, Zhu M, Xiao K, Guo J, Wang L. Static weak magnetic field measurements based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 307:106580. [PMID: 31454700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To measure the residual magnetic field, which is a kind of static magnetic fields in the magnetic shields, is a tough task in the design of the cylindrical magnetic shields. Here, we demonstrate a method to measure static weak magnetic fields based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), where the static magnetic field's strength can be obtained by measuring nuclear spin precession's frequency. Atomic magnetometers can be adopted to sense the nuclear spin precession, and the nuclear spin can be adopted to measure the static magnetic field through this indirect method to obtain the static magnetic field's strength. With this method, some adverse factors that can make atomic magnetometers yield fluctuations, such as fluctuations in the light intensity and misalignment of the pump and probe beams, can be avoid. We also measure the axial residual magnetic field in the magnetic shields, where the magnetic field's strength is about 235 pT in the direction along the pump beam. By monitoring NMR signals from protons and fluorine nuclei, we realize a nuclear-spin comagnetometer, which can be used to detect static weak magnetic fields. The possibility of using a miniaturized atomic magnetometer sensor (MAMS) for static field measurements is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maohua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kangda Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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11
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Garcon A, Blanchard JW, Centers GP, Figueroa NL, Graham PW, Jackson Kimball DF, Rajendran S, Sushkov AO, Stadnik YV, Wickenbrock A, Wu T, Budker D. Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax4539. [PMID: 31692765 PMCID: PMC6814373 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The nature of dark matter, the invisible substance making up over 80% of the matter in the universe, is one of the most fundamental mysteries of modern physics. Ultralight bosons such as axions, axion-like particles, or dark photons could make up most of the dark matter. Couplings between such bosons and nuclear spins may enable their direct detection via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: As nuclear spins move through the galactic dark-matter halo, they couple to dark matter and behave as if they were in an oscillating magnetic field, generating a dark-matter-driven NMR signal. As part of the cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr), an NMR-based dark-matter search, we use ultralow-field NMR to probe the axion-fermion "wind" coupling and dark-photon couplings to nuclear spins. No dark matter signal was detected above background, establishing new experimental bounds for dark matter bosons with masses ranging from 1.8 × 10-16 to 7.8 × 10-14 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Garcon
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Gary P. Centers
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nataniel L. Figueroa
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter W. Graham
- Department of Physics, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Surjeet Rajendran
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| | | | - Yevgeny V. Stadnik
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Teng Wu
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
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12
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Budker D. Extreme nuclear magnetic resonance: Zero field, single spins, dark matter…. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 306:66-68. [PMID: 31326208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An unusual regime for liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) where the magnetic field strength is so low that the J-coupling (intramolecular spin-spin) interactions dominate the spin Hamiltonian opens a new paradigm with applications in spectroscopy, quantum control, and in fundamental-physics experiments, including searches for well-motivated dark-matter candidates. An interesting possibility is to bring this kind of "extreme NMR" together with another one-single nuclear spin detected with a single-spin quantum sensor. This would enable single-molecule J-spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA.
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Wu T, Blanchard JW, Centers GP, Figueroa NL, Garcon A, Graham PW, Kimball DFJ, Rajendran S, Stadnik YV, Sushkov AO, Wickenbrock A, Budker D. Search for Axionlike Dark Matter with a Liquid-State Nuclear Spin Comagnetometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:191302. [PMID: 31144940 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.191302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of a search for axionlike dark matter using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. This search is part of the multifaceted Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment program. In order to distinguish axionlike dark matter from magnetic fields, we employ a comagnetometry scheme measuring ultralow-field NMR signals involving two different nuclei (^{13}C and ^{1}H) in a liquid-state sample of acetonitrile-2-^{13}C (^{13}CH_{3}CN). No axionlike dark matter signal was detected above the background. This result constrains the parameter space describing the coupling of the gradient of the axionlike dark matter field to nucleons to be g_{aNN}<6×10^{-5} GeV^{-1} (95% confidence level) for particle masses ranging from 10^{-22} eV to 1.3×10^{-17} eV, improving over previous laboratory limits for masses below 10^{-21} eV. The result also constrains the coupling of nuclear spins to the gradient of the square of the axionlike dark matter field, improving over astrophysical limits by orders of magnitude over the entire range of particle masses probed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gary P Centers
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nataniel L Figueroa
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Antoine Garcon
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter W Graham
- Department of Physics, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | - Derek F Jackson Kimball
- Department of Physics, California State University-East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA
| | - Surjeet Rajendran
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - Yevgeny V Stadnik
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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