1
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Liu S, Xu K, Li X, Li Q, Yang J. Obtaining giant Rashba-Dresselhaus spin splitting in two-dimensional chiral metal-organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6916-6923. [PMID: 38725518 PMCID: PMC11077538 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06636c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nonmagnetic semiconductors with large Rashba-Dresselhaus (R-D) spin splitting at valence or conduction bands are attractive for magnetic-field-free spintronic applications. However, so far, the number of 2D R-D inorganic semiconductors has been quite limited, and the factors that determine R-D spin splitting as well as rational design of giant spin splitting, remain unclear. For this purpose, by exploiting 2D chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs) as a platform, we theoretically develop a three-step screening method to obtain a series of candidate 2D R-D semiconductors with valence band spin splitting up to 97.2 meV and corresponding R-D coupling constants up to 1.37 eV Å. Interestingly, the valence band spin texture is reversible by flipping the chirality of CMOFs. Furthermore, five keys for obtaining giant R-D spin splitting in 2D CMOFs are successfully identified: (i) chirality, (ii) large spin-orbit coupling, (iii) narrow band gap, (iv) valence and conduction bands having the same symmetry at the Γ point, and (v) strong ligand field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ke Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang 441053 China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Qunxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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2
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Yu C, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Liu X, Jia C, Li X, Yang J. Two-Dimensional Os 2Se 3 Nanosheet: A Ferroelectric Metal with Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4218-4223. [PMID: 38602298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric metals (FEMs) possess intriguing characteristics, such as unconventional superconductivity and the nonlinear anomalous Hall effect. However, their occurrence is exceedingly rare due to mutual repulsion between ferroelectricity and metallicity. In addition, further incorporating other features like ferromagnetism into FEMs to enhance their functionalities poses a significantly greater challenge. Here, via first-principles calculations, we demonstrate a case of an FEM that features a coexistence of room-temperature ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, and metallicity in a thermodynamically stable 2D Os2Se3. It presents a vertical electric polarization of 3.00 pC/m that exceeds those of most FEMs and a moderate polarization switching barrier of 0.22 eV per formula unit. Moreover, 2D Os2Se3 exhibits robust ferromagnetism (Curie temperature TC ≈ 527 K) and a sizable magnetic anisotropy energy (-30.87 meV per formula unit). Furthermore, highly magnetization-dependent electrical conductivity is revealed, indicative of strong magnetoelectric coupling. Berry curvature calculation suggests that the FEM might exhibit nontrivial band topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Yu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chao Jia
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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3
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Li P, Tao L, Jin X, Wan G, Zhang J, Zhang YF, Sun JT, Pan J, Du S. Nonvolatile Multistate Manipulation of Topological Magnetism in Monolayer CrI 3 through Quadruple-Well Ferroelectric Materials. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2345-2351. [PMID: 38334460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nonvolatile multistate manipulation of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials holds promise for low dissipation, highly integrated, and versatile spintronic devices. Here, utilizing density functional theory calculations and Monte Carlo simulations, we report the realization of nonvolatile and multistate control of topological magnetism in monolayer CrI3 by constructing multiferroic heterojunctions with quadruple-well ferroelectric (FE) materials. The Pt2Sn2Te6/CrI3 heterojunction exhibits multiple magnetic phases upon modulating FE polarization states of FE layers and interlayer sliding. These magnetic phases include Bloch-type skyrmions and ferromagnetism, as well as a newly discovered topological magnetic structure. We reveal that the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) induced by interfacial coupling plays a crucial role in magnetic skyrmion manipulation, which aligns with the Fert-Levy mechanism. Moreover, a regular magnetic skyrmion lattice survives when removing a magnetic field, demonstrating its robustness. The work sheds light on an effective approach to nonvolatile and multistate control of 2D magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixuan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Tao
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guolin Wan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan-Fang Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-Tao Sun
- School of Information and Electronics, MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinbo Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Shixuan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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4
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Rahimi S, Jalali-Asadabadi S, Blaha P, Jalali-Asadabadi F. Nonzero spontaneous electric polarization in metals: novel predictive methods and applications. Sci Rep 2024; 14:672. [PMID: 38182613 PMCID: PMC10770415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroelectricity in metals has advanced since the initial discovery of nonmagnetic ferroelectric-like metal LiOsO[Formula: see text], anchored in the Anderson and Blount prediction. However, evaluating the spontaneous electric polarization (SEP) of this metal has been hindered by experimental and theoretical obstacles. The experimental challenge arises from difficulties in switching polarization using an external electric field, while the theoretical limitation lies in existing methods applicable only to nonmetals. Zabalo and Stengel (Phys Rev Lett 126:127601, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.127601 ) addressed the experimental obstacle by proposing flexoelectricity as an alternative for practical polarization switching in LiOsO[Formula: see text], which requires a critical bending radius similar to BaTiO[Formula: see text]. In this study, we focus on resolving the theoretical obstacle by modifying the Berry phase and Wannier functions approaches within density functional theory plus modern theory of polarization. By employing these modifications, we calculate the SEP of LiOsO[Formula: see text], comparable to the polarization of BaTiO[Formula: see text]. We validate our predictions using various ways. This study confirms the coexistence of ferroelectricity and metallicity in this new class of ferroelectric-like metals. Moreover, by addressing the theoretical limitation and providing new insights into polarization properties, our study complements the experimental flexoelectricity proposal and opens avenues for further exploration and manipulation of polarization characteristics. The developed approaches, incorporating modified Berry phase and Wannier function techniques, offer promising opportunities for studying and designing novel materials, including bio- and nano-ferroelectric-like metals. This study contributes to the advancement of ferroelectricity in metals and provides a foundation for future research in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrbano Rahimi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - S Jalali-Asadabadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Peter Blaha
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Farhad Jalali-Asadabadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan (UI), Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
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5
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Li X, Liu QB, Tang Y, Li W, Ding N, Liu Z, Fu HH, Dong S, Li X, Yang J. Quintuple Function Integration in Two-Dimensional Cr(II) Five-Membered Heterocyclic Metal Organic Frameworks via Tuning Ligand Spin and Lattice Symmetry. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7869-7878. [PMID: 36926870 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors (SCs) integrated with two or more functions are the cornerstone for constructing multifunctional nanodevices but remain largely limited. Here, by tuning the spin state of organic linkers and the symmetry/topology of crystal lattices, we predict a class of unprecedented multifunctional SCs in 2D Cr(II) five-membered heterocyclic metal organic frameworks that simultaneously possess auxetic effect, room-temperature ferrimagnetism, chiral ferroelectricity (FE), electrically reversible spin polarization, and topological nodal lines/points. Taking 2D Cr(TDZ)2 (TDZ = 1.2.5-thiadiazole) as an exemplification, the auxetic effect is produced by the antitetra-chiral lattice structure. The high temperature ferrimagnetism originates from the strong d-p direct magnetic exchange interaction between Cr cations and TDZ doublet radical anions. Meanwhile, the clockwise-counterclockwise alignment of TDZ's dipoles results in unique 2D chiral FE with atomic-scale vortex-antivortex states. 2D Cr(TDZ)2 is an intrinsic bipolar magnetic SC where half-metallic conduction with switchable spin-polarization direction can be induced by applying a gate voltage. In addition, the symmetry of the little group C4 of the lattice structure endows 2D Cr(TDZ)2 with topological nodal lines and a quadratic nodal point in the Brillouin zone near the Fermi level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Qing-Bo Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China.,School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongsen Tang
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ning Ding
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hua-Hua Fu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China.,Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China.,Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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6
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Ke C, Huang J, Liu S. Two-dimensional ferroelectric metal for electrocatalysis. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:3387-3393. [PMID: 34672306 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of metallicity and ferroelectricity has been an intriguing and controversial phenomenon as these two material properties are considered incompatible in bulk. We clarify the concept of the ferroelectric metal by revisiting the original definitions for ferroelectric and metal. Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics with out-of-plane polarization can be engineered via layer stacking to a genuine ferroelectric metal characterized by switchable polarization and non-zero density of states at the Fermi level. We demonstrate that 2D ferroelectric metals can serve as electrically-tunable, high-quality electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Ke
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Shi Liu
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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7
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Cui Y, Cheng H, Tian H, Li C, Tang Y, Mao AJ, Kuang XY. Pressure-induced reconstructive phase transitions, polarization with metallicity, and enhanced hardness in antiperovskite MgCNi 3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18221-18226. [PMID: 34612285 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02742e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In general, hydrostatic pressure can suppress electrical polarization, instead of creating and/or enhancing polarization like strain engineering. Here, a combination of first-principles calculations and CALYPSO crystal structures prediction is used to point out that hydrostatic pressure applied on antiperovskite MgCNi3 can stabilize polarization with metallicity, and thus a polar metal can exist under high pressure. Strikingly, the metallic polar phase of MgCNi3 exhibits an original linear-cubic coupling between polar and nonpolar modes, resulting in an asymmetrical double-well when the polarization is switched. Moreover, another novel phase of MgCNi3 under high pressure possesses an enhanced hardness stemming from a robust s-s electrons interaction of an unexpected C-C bond, rather than typical sp3 orbital hybridization. These discoveries open new routes to design superhard materials and polar metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Cui
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
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8
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Duan X, Huang J, Xu B, Liu S. A two-dimensional multiferroic metal with voltage-tunable magnetization and metallicity. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2316-2324. [PMID: 34846436 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00939g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We design a multiferroic metal that combines seemingly incompatible ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, and metallicity by hole doping a two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric with high density of states near the Fermi level. The strong magnetoelectric effect is demonstrated in hole-doped and arsenic-doped monolayer α-In2Se3 using first-principles calculations. Taking advantage of the oppositely charged surfaces created by an out-of-plane polarization, the 2D magnetization and metallicity can be electrically switched on and off in an asymmetrically doped monolayer. The substitutional arsenic defect pair exhibits an intriguing electric field-tunable charge disproportionation process accompanied by an on-off switch of local magnetic moments. The charge ordering process can be controlled by tuning the relative strength of on-site Coulomb repulsion and defect dipole-polarization coupling via strain engineering. Our design principle relying on no transition metal broadens the materials design space for 2D multiferroic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Duan
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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9
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Qi L, Ruan S, Zeng YJ. Review on Recent Developments in 2D Ferroelectrics: Theories and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005098. [PMID: 33577141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although only a few 2D materials have been predicted to possess ferroelectricity, 2D ferroelectrics are expected to play a dominant role in the upcoming nano era as important functional materials. The ferroelectric properties of 2D ferroelectrics are significantly different than those of traditional bulk ferroelectrics owing to their intrinsic size and surface effects. To date, 2D ferroelectrics have been reported to exhibit diverse properties ranging from bulk photovoltaic and piezoelectric/pyroelectric effects to the spontaneous valley and spin polarization. These properties are either dependent on ferroelectric polarization or coupled with it for easy electric control, thus making 2D ferroelectrics applicable to multifunctional nanodevices. At present, cumulative efforts are being made to explore 2D ferroelectrics in theories, experiments, and applications. Herein, such theories and methods are briefly introduced. Subsequently, intrinsic and extrinsic origins of 2D ferroelectricity are separately summarized. In addition, invented or laboratory-validated 2D ferroelectric-based applications are listed. Finally, the existing challenges and prospects of 2D ferroelectrics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi
- Key laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shuangchen Ruan
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jia Zeng
- Key laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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10
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Shang J, Tang X, Kou L. Two dimensional ferroelectrics: Candidate for controllable physical and chemical applications. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Xiao Tang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Liangzhi Kou
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Pan-shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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12
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Jiang Z, Paillard C, Xiang H, Bellaiche L. Linear Versus Nonlinear Electro-Optic Effects in Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:017401. [PMID: 32678630 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.017401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two schemes are proposed to compute the nonlinear electro-optic (EO) tensor for the first time. In the first scheme, we compute the linear EO tensor of the structure under a finite electric field, while we compute the refractive index of the structure under a finite electric field in the second scheme. Such schemes are applied to Pb(Zr,Ti)O_{3} and BaTiO_{3} ferroelectric oxides. It is found to reproduce a recently observed feature, namely, why Pb(Zr_{0.52}Ti_{0.48})O_{3} adopts a mostly linear EO response while BaTiO_{3} exhibits a strongly nonlinear conversion between electric and optical properties. Furthermore, the atomistic insight provided by the proposed ab initio scheme reveals the origin of such qualitatively different responses, in terms of the field-induced behavior of the frequencies of some phonon modes and of some force constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Charles Paillard
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
- Laboratoire SPMS, CentraleSupélec/CNRS UMR 8580, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hongjun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - L Bellaiche
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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13
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Zhong T, Li X, Wu M, Liu JM. Room-temperature multiferroicity and diversified magnetoelectric couplings in 2D materials. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:373-380. [PMID: 34692053 PMCID: PMC8288967 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiferroics are rare in nature due to the mutual exclusive origins of magnetism and ferroelectricity. The simultaneous coexistence of robust magnetism/ferroelectricity and strong magnetoelectric coupling in single multiferroics is hitherto unreported, which may also be attributed to their potential conflictions. In this paper, we show the first-principles evidence of such desired coexistence in ultrathin-layer CuCrS2 and CuCrSe2. The vertical ferroelectricity is neither induced by an empty d shell nor spin-driven, giving rise to an alternative possibility of resolving those intrinsic exclusions and contradictions. Compared with their bulk phases, the ferromagnetism in the thin-layer structures (two-six layers) can be greatly stabilized due to the enhanced carrier density and orbital shifting by vertical polarization, and the Curie temperatures of both ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity can be above room temperature. Moreover, a considerable net magnetization can be reversed upon ferroelectric switching, where the change in spin-resolved band structure also renders efficient 'magnetic reading + electrical writing'. The thickness-different layers may even exhibit diversified types of magnetoelectric coupling, which both enriches the physics of multiferroics and facilitates their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhong
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Menghao Wu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun-Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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