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Hoenig D, Thielemann F, Karpa L, Walker T, Mohammadi A, Schaetz T. Trapping Ion Coulomb Crystals in an Optical Lattice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:133003. [PMID: 38613289 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.133003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We report the optical trapping of multiple ions localized at individual lattice sites of a one-dimensional optical lattice. We observe a fivefold increased range of axial dc-electric field strength for which ions can be optically trapped with high probability and an increase of the axial eigenfrequency by 2 orders of magnitude compared to an optical dipole trap without interference but of similar intensity. Our findings motivate an alternative pathway to extend arrays of trapped ions in size and dimension, enabling quantum simulations with particles interacting at long range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hoenig
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Thielemann
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leon Karpa
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Quantenoptik, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Walker
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amir Mohammadi
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schaetz
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Fox C, Mao Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Xiao J. Stacking Order Engineering of Two-Dimensional Materials and Device Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1862-1898. [PMID: 38150266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Stacking orders in 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials dictate the relative sliding (lateral displacement) and twisting (rotation) between atomically thin layers. By altering the stacking order, many new ferroic, strongly correlated and topological orderings emerge with exotic electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Thanks to the weak vdW interlayer bonding, such highly flexible and energy-efficient stacking order engineering has transformed the design of quantum properties in 2D vdW materials, unleashing the potential for miniaturized high-performance device applications in electronics, spintronics, photonics, and surface chemistry. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of stacking order engineering in 2D vdW materials and their device applications, ranging from the typical fabrication and characterization methods to the novel physical properties and the emergent slidetronics and twistronics device prototyping. The main emphasis is on the critical role of stacking orders affecting the interlayer charge transfer, orbital coupling and flat band formation for the design of innovative materials with on-demand quantum properties and surface potentials. By demonstrating a correlation between the stacking configurations and device functionality, we highlight their implications for next-generation electronic, photonic and chemical energy conversion devices. We conclude with our perspective of this exciting field including challenges and opportunities for future stacking order engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Fox
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yulu Mao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Faculty of Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Cina JA. Dynamics of an excitation-transfer trimer: Interference, coherence, Berry's phase development, and vibrational control of non-adiabaticity. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:124307. [PMID: 37003733 DOI: 10.1063/5.0139174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We detail several interesting features in the dynamics of an equilaterally shaped electronic excitation-transfer (EET) trimer with distance-dependent intermonomer excitation-transfer couplings. In the absence of electronic-vibrational coupling, symmetric and antisymmetric superpositions of two single-monomer excitations are shown to exhibit purely constructive, oscillatory, and purely destructive interference in the EET to the third monomer, respectively. In the former case, the transfer is modulated by motion in the symmetrical framework-expansion vibration induced by the Franck-Condon excitation. Distortions in the shape of the triangular framework degrade that coherent EET while activating excitation transfer in the latter case of an antisymmetric initial state. In its symmetrical configuration, two of the three single-exciton states of the trimer are degenerate. This degeneracy is broken by the Jahn-Teller-active framework distortions. The calculations illustrate closed, approximately circular pseudo-rotational wave-packet dynamics on both the lower and the upper adiabatic potential energy surfaces of the degenerate manifold, which lead to the acquisition after one cycle of physically meaningful geometric (Berry) phases of π. Another manifestation of Berry-phase development is seen in the evolution of the vibrational probability density of a wave packet on the lower Jahn-Teller adiabatic potential comprising a superposition of clockwise and counterclockwise circular motions. The circular pseudo-rotation on the upper cone is shown to stabilize the adiabatic electronic state against non-adiabatic internal conversion via the conical intersection, a dynamical process analogous to Slonczewski resonance. Strategies for initiating and monitoring these various dynamical processes experimentally using pre-resonant impulsive Raman excitation, short-pulse absorption, and multi-dimensional wave-packet interferometry are outlined in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Cina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oregon Center for Optical, Molecular, and Quantum Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
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Tamura M, Mukaiyama T, Toyoda K. Quantum Walks of a Phonon in Trapped Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:200501. [PMID: 32501043 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.200501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of the quantum walks of a phonon, a vibrational quantum, in a trapped-ion crystal. By employing the capability to prepare and observe the localized wave packet of a phonon, the propagation of a single radial local phonon in a four-ion linear crystal is observed with single-site resolution. The results show an agreement with numerical calculations, indicating the predictability and reproducibility of the phonon system. These characteristics may contribute advantageously in the advanced studies of quantum walks, as well as boson sampling and quantum simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Tamura
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takashi Mukaiyama
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Toyoda
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-8531, Japan
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Hauke P, Katzgraber HG, Lechner W, Nishimori H, Oliver WD. Perspectives of quantum annealing: methods and implementations. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2020; 83:054401. [PMID: 32235066 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ab85b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Quantum annealing is a computing paradigm that has the ambitious goal of efficiently solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems of practical importance. However, many challenges have yet to be overcome before this goal can be reached. This perspectives article first gives a brief introduction to the concept of quantum annealing, and then highlights new pathways that may clear the way towards feasible and large scale quantum annealing. Moreover, since this field of research is to a strong degree driven by a synergy between experiment and theory, we discuss both in this work. An important focus in this article is on future perspectives, which complements other review articles, and which we hope will motivate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hauke
- INO-CNR BEC Center and Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123Povo (TN), Italy. Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Kiefer P, Hakelberg F, Wittemer M, Bermúdez A, Porras D, Warring U, Schaetz T. Floquet-Engineered Vibrational Dynamics in a Two-Dimensional Array of Trapped Ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:213605. [PMID: 31809155 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.213605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate Floquet engineering in a basic yet scalable 2D architecture of individually trapped and controlled ions. Local parametric modulations of detuned trapping potentials steer the strength of long-range interion couplings and the related Peierls phase of the motional state. In our proof of principle, we initialize large coherent states and tune modulation parameters to control trajectories, directions, and interferences of the phonon flow. Our findings open a new pathway for future Floquet-based trapped-ion quantum simulators targeting correlated topological phenomena and dynamical gauge fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kiefer
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frederick Hakelberg
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wittemer
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alejandro Bermúdez
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Porras
- Instituto de Física Fundamental IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ulrich Warring
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schaetz
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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