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Subero D, Maillet O, Golubev DS, Thomas G, Peltonen JT, Karimi B, Marín-Suárez M, Yeyati AL, Sánchez R, Park S, Pekola JP. Bolometric detection of Josephson inductance in a highly resistive environment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7924. [PMID: 38040683 PMCID: PMC10692220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Josephson junction is a building block of quantum circuits. Its behavior, well understood when treated as an isolated entity, is strongly affected by coupling to an electromagnetic environment. In 1983, Schmid predicted that a Josephson junction shunted by a resistance exceeding the resistance quantum RQ = h/4e2 ≈ 6.45 kΩ for Cooper pairs would become insulating since the phase fluctuations would destroy the coherent Josephson coupling. However, recent microwave measurements have questioned this interpretation. Here, we insert a small Josephson junction in a Johnson-Nyquist-type setup where it is driven by weak current noise arising from thermal fluctuations. Our heat probe minimally perturbs the junction's equilibrium, shedding light on features not visible in charge transport. We find that the Josephson critical current completely vanishes in DC charge transport measurement, and the junction demonstrates Coulomb blockade in agreement with the theory. Surprisingly, thermal transport measurements show that the Josephson junction acts as an inductor at high frequencies, unambiguously demonstrating that a supercurrent survives despite the Coulomb blockade observed in DC measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Subero
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Olivier Maillet
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dmitry S Golubev
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - George Thomas
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Joonas T Peltonen
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Bayan Karimi
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
- QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Marín-Suárez
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Alfredo Levy Yeyati
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sunghun Park
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jukka P Pekola
- PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 13500, 00076, Aalto, Finland
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Wang Z, Song H, Pan D, Zhang Z, Miao W, Li R, Cao Z, Zhang G, Liu L, Wen L, Zhuo R, Liu DE, He K, Shang R, Zhao J, Zhang H. Plateau Regions for Zero-Bias Peaks within 5% of the Quantized Conductance Value 2e^{2}/h. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:167702. [PMID: 36306766 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.167702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Probing an isolated Majorana zero mode is predicted to reveal a tunneling conductance quantized at 2e^{2}/h at zero temperature. Experimentally, a zero-bias peak (ZBP) is expected and its height should remain robust against relevant parameter tuning, forming a quantized plateau. Here, we report the observation of large ZBPs in a thin InAs-Al hybrid nanowire device. The ZBP height can stick close to 2e^{2}/h, mostly within 5% tolerance, by sweeping gate voltages and magnetic field. We further map out the phase diagram and identify two plateau regions in the phase space. Despite the presence of disorder and quantum dots, our result constitutes a step forward toward establishing Majorana zero modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huading Song
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Dong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zitong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wentao Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhan Cao
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Gu Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lianjun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ran Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dong E Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Ke He
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Runan Shang
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193 Beijing, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, 100084 Beijing, China
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Liu D, Zhang G, Cao Z, Zhang H, Liu DE. Universal Conductance Scaling of Andreev Reflections Using a Dissipative Probe. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:076802. [PMID: 35244417 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.076802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Majorana search is caught up in an extensive debate about the false-positive signals from nontopological Andreev bound states. We introduce a remedy using the dissipative probe to generate electron-boson interaction. We theoretically show that the interaction-induced renormalization leads to significantly distinct universal zero-bias conductance behaviors, i.e., distinct characteristic power law in temperature, for different types of Andreev reflections, that show a sharp contrast to that of a Majorana zero mode. Various specific cases have been studied, including the cases in which two charges involved in an Andreev reflection process maintain or lose coherence, and the cases for multiple Andreev bound states with or without a Majorana. A transparent list of conductance features in each case is provided to help distinguish the observed subgap states in experiments, which also promotes the identification of Majorana zero modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gu Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhan Cao
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100184, China
| | - Dong E Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100184, China
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