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Chang B, Tan T, Du J, He X, Liang Y, Liu Z, Wang C, Xia H, Wu Z, Wang J, Wong KKY, Zhu T, Kong L, Li B, Rao Y, Yao B. Dispersive Fourier transform based dual-comb ranging. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4990. [PMID: 38862530 PMCID: PMC11167001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Laser-based light detection and ranging (LIDAR) offers a powerful tool to real-timely map spatial information with exceptional accuracy and owns various applications ranging from industrial manufacturing, and remote sensing, to airborne and in-vehicle missions. Over the past two decades, the rapid advancements of optical frequency combs have ushered in a new era for LIDAR, promoting measurement precision to quantum noise limited level. For comb LIDAR systems, to further improve the comprehensive performances and reconcile inherent conflicts between speed, accuracy, and ambiguity range, innovative demodulation strategies become crucial. Here we report a dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) based LIDAR method utilizing phase-locked Vernier dual soliton laser combs. We demonstrate that after in-line pulse stretching, the delay of the flying pulses can be identified via the DFT-based spectral interferometry instead of temporal interferometry or pulse reconstruction. This enables absolute distance measurements with precision starting from 262 nm in single shot, to 2.8 nm after averaging 1.5 ms, in a non-ambiguity range over 1.7 km. Furthermore, our DFT-based LIDAR method distinctly demonstrates an ability to completely eliminate dead zones. Such an integration of frequency-resolved ultrafast analysis and dual-comb ranging technology may pave a way for the design of future LIDAR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Teng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Junting Du
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xinyue He
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yupei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academic of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Handing Xia
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academic of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Zhaohui Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academic of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Jindong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Education Ministry of China), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Kenneth K Y Wong
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, 990777, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Education Ministry of China), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Lingjiang Kong
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Yunjiang Rao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Baicheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Engineering Center of Integrated Optoelectronic & Radio Meta-chips, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Liang Y, Liu M, Tang F, Guo Y, Zhang H, Liu S, Yang Y, Zhao G, Tan T, Yao B. Harnessing sub-comb dynamics in a graphene-sensitized microresonator for gas detection. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2024; 17:12. [PMID: 38689035 PMCID: PMC11061063 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-024-00115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Since their inception, frequency combs generated in microresonators, known as microcombs, have sparked significant scientific interests. Among the various applications leveraging microcombs, soliton microcombs are often preferred due to their inherent mode-locking capability. However, this choice introduces additional system complexity because an initialization process is required. Meanwhile, despite the theoretical understanding of the dynamics of other comb states, their practical potential, particularly in applications like sensing where simplicity is valued, remains largely untapped. Here, we demonstrate controllable generation of sub-combs that bypasses the need for accessing bistable regime. And in a graphene-sensitized microresonator, the sub-comb heterodynes produce stable, accurate microwave signals for high-precision gas detection. By exploring the formation dynamics of sub-combs, we achieved 2 MHz harmonic comb-to-comb beat notes with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than 50 dB and phase noise as low as - 82 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The graphene sensitization on the intracavity probes results in exceptional frequency responsiveness to the adsorption of gas molecules on the graphene of microcavity surface, enabling detect limits down to the parts per billion (ppb) level. This synergy between graphene and sub-comb formation dynamics in a microcavity structure showcases the feasibility of utilizing microcombs in an incoherent state prior to soliton locking. It may mark a significant step toward the development of easy-to-operate, systemically simple, compact, and high-performance photonic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Fan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Shihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Guangming Zhao
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Teng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Baicheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Ministry of Education), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Engineering Center of Integrated Optoelectronic & Radio Meta-Chips, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Li JT, Chang B, Du JT, Tan T, Geng Y, Zhou H, Liang YP, Zhang H, Yan GF, Ma LM, Ran ZL, Wang ZN, Yao BC, Rao YJ. Coherently parallel fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing using dual Kerr soliton microcombs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadf8666. [PMID: 38241376 PMCID: PMC10798552 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has proven to be a revolutionary technology for the detection of seismic and acoustic waves with ultralarge scale and ultrahigh sensitivity, and is widely used in oil/gas industry and intrusion monitoring. Nowadays, the single-frequency laser source in DAS becomes one of the bottlenecks limiting its advance. Here, we report a dual-comb-based coherently parallel DAS concept, enabling linear superposition of sensing signals scaling with the comb-line number to result in unprecedented sensitivity enhancement, straightforward fading suppression, and high-power Brillouin-free transmission that can extend the detection distance considerably. Leveraging 10-line comb pairs, a world-class detection limit of 560 fε/√Hz@1 kHz with 5 m spatial resolution is achieved. Such a combination of dual-comb metrology and DAS technology may open an era of extremely sensitive DAS at the fε/√Hz level, leading to the creation of next-generation distributed geophones and sonars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ting Li
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bing Chang
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jun-Ting Du
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Teng Tan
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yong Geng
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yu-Pei Liang
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Guo-Feng Yan
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ling-Mei Ma
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zeng-Ling Ran
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zi-Nan Wang
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Bai-Cheng Yao
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yun-Jiang Rao
- Fiber Optics Research Center, Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications (Education Ministry of China), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Nie M, Musgrave J, Jia K, Bartos J, Zhu S, Xie Z, Huang SW. Turnkey photonic flywheel in a microresonator-filtered laser. Nat Commun 2024; 15:55. [PMID: 38168081 PMCID: PMC10761980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) microcomb has emerged as an enabling technology that revolutionizes a wide range of applications in both basic science and technological innovation. Reliable turnkey operation with sub-optical-cycle and sub-femtosecond timing jitter is key to the success of many intriguing microcomb applications at the intersection of ultrafast optics and microwave electronics. Here we propose an approach and demonstrate the first turnkey Brillouin-DKS frequency comb to the best of our knowledge. Our microresonator-filtered laser design offers essential benefits, including phase insensitivity, self-healing capability, deterministic selection of the DKS state, and access to the ultralow noise comb state. The demonstrated turnkey Brillouin-DKS frequency comb achieves a fundamental comb linewidth of 100 mHz and DKS timing jitter of 1 femtosecond for averaging times up to 56 μs. The approach is universal and generalizable to various device platforms for user-friendly and field-deployable comb devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Nie
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA.
| | - Jonathan Musgrave
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Kunpeng Jia
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jan Bartos
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Shining Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenda Xie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shu-Wei Huang
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA.
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Hu Y, Bai Q, Tang X, Xiong W, Wu Y, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Du R, Liu L, Xia G, Wu Z, Yang J, Zhou H, Wu J. Massive and parallel 10 Tbit/s physical random bit generation with chaotic microcomb. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 37737527 PMCID: PMC10516829 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-023-00081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast physical random bit (PRB) generators and integrated schemes have proven to be valuable in a broad range of scientific and technological applications. In this study, we experimentally demonstrated a PRB scheme with a chaotic microcomb using a chip-scale integrated resonator. A microcomb contained hundreds of chaotic channels, and each comb tooth functioned as an entropy source for the PRB. First, a 12 Gbits/s PRB signal was obtained for each tooth channel with proper post-processing and passed the NIST Special Publication 800-22 statistical tests. The chaotic microcomb covered a wavelength range from 1430 to 1675 nm with a free spectral range (FSR) of 100 GHz. Consequently, the combined random bit sequence could achieve an ultra-high rate of about 4 Tbits/s (12 Gbits/s × 294 = 3.528 Tbits/s), with 294 teeth in the experimental microcomb. Additionally, denser microcombs were experimentally realized using an integrated resonator with 33.6 GHz FSR. A total of 805 chaotic comb teeth were observed and covered the wavelength range from 1430 to 1670 nm. In each tooth channel, 12 Gbits/s random sequences was generated, which passed the NIST test. Consequently, the total rate of the PRB was approximately 10 Tbits/s (12 Gbits/s × 805 = 9.66 Tbits/s). These results could offer potential chip solutions of Pbits/s PRB with the features of low cost and a high degree of parallelism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Hu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Chengdu Spaceon Electronics Corporation Ltd., Chengdu, 610037, China
| | - Qingsong Bai
- Chengdu Spaceon Electronics Corporation Ltd., Chengdu, 610037, China
| | - Xi Tang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yilu Wu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yanlan Xiao
- Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication Networks, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Runchang Du
- Chengdu Spaceon Electronics Corporation Ltd., Chengdu, 610037, China
| | - Leiji Liu
- Chengdu Spaceon Electronics Corporation Ltd., Chengdu, 610037, China
| | - Guangqiong Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhengmao Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Junbo Yang
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
| | - Heng Zhou
- Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication Networks, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Jiagui Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Xie J, Wang Y, Kang H, Cheng J, Shen X. Hydrophobic Silica Microcavities with Sustainable Nonlinear Photonic Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41067-41072. [PMID: 37603696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh quality factor (Q) microcavities have been emerging as appealing compact photonic platforms for various applications. The Q factor plays a critical role in determining the nonlinear optical performance of a microcavity. However, a silica microcavity suffers from severe degradation of its Q value over time during storage or use in air due to the accumulating surface absorption loss, which would deteriorate their nonlinear photonic performance. Here, we report a new type of ultrahigh Q silica microcavity that effectively prevents Q degradation over time. The Q values of the devices remain unchanged over time under storage in air. Optical frequency combs are generated with sustainable ultralow threshold performance over the course of time from the devices in open air. This approach would greatly facilitate ultrahigh Q silica-based photonic devices for next generation photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadu Xie
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hui Kang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jinsong Cheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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